CN110184989B - Water channel arrangement structure for tsunami wave simulation experiment - Google Patents
Water channel arrangement structure for tsunami wave simulation experiment Download PDFInfo
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- CN110184989B CN110184989B CN201910426105.6A CN201910426105A CN110184989B CN 110184989 B CN110184989 B CN 110184989B CN 201910426105 A CN201910426105 A CN 201910426105A CN 110184989 B CN110184989 B CN 110184989B
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- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B1/00—Equipment or apparatus for, or methods of, general hydraulic engineering, e.g. protection of constructions against ice-strains
- E02B1/02—Hydraulic models
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of tsunami waves, and discloses a tsunami wave simulation experiment water channel arrangement structure which comprises a water channel, wherein the water channel is arranged in the water channel, and a water inlet gate which is closed or opened from bottom to top is arranged at an inner end opening of the water channel; along the direction from inside to outside of the water channel, the bottom of the water channel is sequentially provided with a wet bed surface, a transition inclined surface and a dry bed surface, wherein the transition inclined surface is inclined from bottom to top and is communicated with the wet bed surface and the dry bed surface; a building structure simulating the impact of tsunami waves is arranged on the dry bed surface; the side wall of the water tank is provided with a water outlet communicated with the water channel, and the water outlet is provided with a water discharge gate for closing or opening the water outlet from bottom to top; water is flushed into a water channel of the water tank, tsunami waves are simulated and arranged at the bottom of the water channel sequentially, and a wet bed surface, a transition inclined surface and a dry bed surface are arranged, so that the structure of the water channel can form a diversified structure, and the characteristic of a tsunami wave damage mechanism can be obtained better.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tsunami waves, in particular to a tsunami wave simulation experiment water channel arrangement structure.
Background
The tsunami waves are difficult to detect when being propagated in the ocean, and the waves can be gathered after going to shore, so that the tsunami wave generator has strong destructive power. It is caused by a series of unpredictable natural factors such as earthquake, volcanic eruption, sea bottom landslide, meteorite falling and the like. In recent years, many tsunami disasters have occurred worldwide, including the indian tsunami in 2004, the chilean tsunami in 2010, and the japanese tsunami in 2011, among others.
Tsunami poses serious threat to lives and properties of people in coastal regions, and the powerful destructive power can destroy marine buildings such as bridges, wharfs and seawalls, so that the deformation of the tsunami wave going to the shore and the marine buildings caused by the deformation of the tsunami wave going to the shore can be avoided
The problem of destruction mechanism has become one of the hot spot and leading-edge problems that the scholars are concerned about.
In recent years, the rapid development of the economy of China is accompanied with the problem of resource shortage. The precondition for developing oil gas and mineral resources in the east and south China sea is to solve the problem of damage to marine buildings and facilities caused by extreme hydrodynamic conditions. In addition, with the shortage of electric energy and the demand for clean energy, China will move to a necessary way for the vigorous development of nuclear power industry. And nuclear power facilities close to the coastal region must be capable of resisting the damage of tsunami disasters, so that the long-term development of coastal cities can be guaranteed. The adjustment of the series of industrial structures promotes the research of tsunami destruction mechanisms in China to be urgent.
At present, many scholars utilize a tsunami wave simulation experiment measurement and control device to research a damage mechanism of tsunami waves, and the tsunami wave simulation experiment measurement and control device is provided with a tsunami wave simulation experiment water channel arrangement structure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a tsunami wave simulation experiment water channel arrangement structure and aims to solve the problem that characteristics of a tsunami wave damage mechanism are difficult to obtain due to the fact that the structure of a water channel of the tsunami wave simulation experiment water channel arrangement structure is too single in the prior art.
The tsunami wave simulation experiment water channel arrangement structure comprises a water channel, wherein the water channel is arranged in the water channel, penetrates through the inner end part of the water channel to form an inner end opening communicated with the water channel, a water inlet gate for closing or opening the inner end opening from bottom to top is arranged at the inner end opening of the water channel, and the outer end part of the water channel is closed; along the direction from inside to outside of the water channel, the bottom of the water channel is sequentially provided with a wet bed surface, a transition inclined surface and a dry bed surface, the height of the dry bed surface is higher than that of the wet bed surface, and the transition inclined surface inclines from bottom to top and is communicated with the wet bed surface and the dry bed surface; a building structure simulating the impact of tsunami waves is arranged on the dry bed surface; the side wall of the water tank is provided with a water outlet communicated with the water channel, and the water outlet is provided with a drainage gate which closes or opens the water outlet from bottom to top.
Further, the water tank is provided with two oppositely arranged long side walls, and the two long side walls are arranged in an extending mode along the transmission direction of the tsunami waves; the long side wall is provided with a plurality of concave strips, and the concave strips are arranged in a vertically staggered mode at intervals.
Further, be provided with a plurality of archs on the long limit lateral wall, it is a plurality of the arch is arranged between adjacent sunken strip, and is a plurality of the arch is dislocation arrangement from top to bottom.
Furthermore, an inclined groove channel is arranged on the transition inclined surface, the inclined groove channel extends along the inclined direction of the transition inclined surface, and a ball reciprocating up and down along the inclined groove channel is arranged on the inclined groove channel; the surface of ball is provided with the ring groove, the ring groove along the rolling direction extension of ball arranges.
Furthermore, a track is arranged on the wet bed surface and extends along the length direction of the wet bed surface; the track is movably connected with a plurality of moving pieces, and the moving pieces move back and forth along the length direction of the track; the lower end of the moving piece is movably connected to the track, the upper end of the moving piece extends upwards and is horizontally supported to be a piece body, and the piece body is perpendicular to the flow direction of the tsunami waves.
Further, the lower end of the moving piece is provided with a moving strip embedded in the track, and the moving strip extends towards two sides of the lower end of the moving piece.
Furthermore, a plurality of parallel rails are arranged on the wet bed surface, and a rotating disc is arranged between every two adjacent rails; the bottom of the rotating disc extends downwards to form a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is rotatably connected with the wet bed surface, and the rotating disc is suspended above the wet bed surface.
Furthermore, the upper portion of rolling disc has the recess of undercut and upper portion open-ended, be provided with a plurality of breachs in the lateral wall of recess, the breach intercommunication the recess.
Further, the bottom of the groove is provided with a spiral wall, and the spiral wall is gradually coiled to the central position of the rotating disc from the side wall of the groove.
Further, a vibrating plate is arranged on the dry bed surface, the vibrating plate is flatly laid on the dry bed surface, the vibrating plate is connected with a vibrator outside the water tank through a connecting rod, the vibrator drives the vibrating plate to vibrate, and the vibrating plate vibrates along the flow direction of the tsunami waves.
Compared with the prior art, the tsunami wave simulation experiment water channel arrangement structure provided by the invention has the advantages that water is flushed into the water channel of the water tank to simulate tsunami waves, and the wet bed surface, the transition inclined surface and the dry bed surface are sequentially arranged at the bottom of the water channel, so that the water channel structure can form a diversified structure, and the characteristics of a tsunami wave damage mechanism can be better obtained.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of a tsunami wave simulation experiment water course arrangement provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic left view of a tsunami wave simulation experiment water channel arrangement structure provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic left view of a tsunami wave simulation experiment water channel arrangement structure provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of a wet bed provided by the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of a transition ramp provided by the present invention;
fig. 6 is a top schematic view of a dry deck provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The following describes the implementation of the present invention in detail with reference to specific embodiments.
The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the present embodiment correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there is an orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but it is not intended to indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent, and the specific meaning of the terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific circumstances.
Referring to fig. 1-6, preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown.
The tsunami wave simulation experiment measurement and control device comprises a controller, a reservoir 101 and a water tank 200; the controller is used as a control and processing center of the whole tsunami wave simulation experiment measurement and control device and is used for controlling operation, receiving and processing data and the like; the water storage tank 101 is internally provided with a water storage cavity 100 enclosed by the periphery in a closed mode, the water tank 200 is in a straight strip shape, a water channel is arranged in the water tank 200, and the height of the top of the water tank 200 is not lower than that of the top of the water storage tank 101.
Along the direction from inside to outside of the water storage cavity 100, the water tank 200 is provided with an inner section arranged inside the water storage cavity 100 and an outer section arranged outside the water storage cavity 100, the water channel penetrates through the inner end part of the water tank 200 to form an inner end opening communicated with the water channel, the inner end opening is provided with a water inlet gate 202 which is closed or opened from bottom to top, and the outer end part of the water tank 200 is closed; when enough water is placed in the water storage cavity 100 of the water storage tank 101, the water inlet gate 202 is opened, and the water in the water storage cavity 100 rushes into the water channel to form the effect of simulating the tsunami wave 600, of course, the simulation intensity of the tsunami wave 600 is correspondingly different according to the water level in the water storage cavity 100 and the opening degree of the water inlet gate 202.
Along the direction from inside to outside of the water channel, the bottom of the water channel is sequentially provided with a wet bed surface 201, a transition inclined surface 205 and a dry bed surface 203, the height of the dry bed surface 203 is higher than that of the wet bed surface 201, and the transition inclined surface 205 inclines from bottom to top to communicate the wet bed surface 201 and the dry bed surface 203; that is, the dry bed surface 203 is located above the wet bed surface 201 and connected by the transition inclined surface 205; the dry bed surface 203 is provided with a building structure simulating the impact of tsunami waves 600.
Vertical rods are respectively arranged on the wet bed surface 201 and the dry bed surface 203, wave height meters 400 are arranged on the vertical rods, and the wave height of the tsunami wave 600 can be measured through the wave height meters 400; the pressure sensor is arranged on the building and faces the transmission direction of the tsunami wave 600, and the impact strength of the tsunami wave 600 on the building structure and the like can be obtained through the pressure sensor; the first camera 402 is arranged on the dry bed surface 203, the second camera 403 is arranged above the building structure, and the image information of the tsunami wave 600 can be acquired at different angles and positions through the first camera 402 and the second camera 403.
The side wall of the inner section of the water tank 200 is provided with a water outlet communicated with the water channel, the water outlet is provided with a water discharge gate 204 for closing or opening the water outlet from bottom to top, and the intensity of the tsunami waves 600 in the water channel and the water used for discharging the water in the water channel are controlled by the arrangement of the water outlet; the controller controls the water inlet gate 202 and the water outlet gate 204 to move up and down, and the wave height meter 400, the pressure sensor, the first camera 402 and the second camera 403 feed collected data back to the controller.
The tsunami wave simulation experiment measurement and control device comprises a tsunami wave simulation experiment water channel arrangement structure which comprises the water channel 200, wherein the water channel 200 is internally provided with a water channel, the water channel penetrates through the inner end part of the water channel 200 to form an inner end opening communicated with the water channel, the inner end opening of the water channel is provided with a water inlet gate 202 which is closed or is opened from bottom to top, and the outer end part of the water channel 200 is closed; along the direction from inside to outside of the water channel, the bottom of the water channel is sequentially provided with a wet bed surface 201, a transition inclined surface 205 and a dry bed surface 203, the height of the dry bed surface 203 is higher than that of the wet bed surface 201, and the transition inclined surface 205 inclines from bottom to top to communicate the wet bed surface 201 and the dry bed surface; a building structure simulating the impact of tsunami waves is arranged on the dry bed surface 203; the side wall of the water tank 200 is provided with a drain port communicating with the water passage, and the drain port is provided with a drain gate 204 for closing or opening the drain port from bottom to top.
The tsunami wave simulation experiment water channel arrangement structure provided above simulates and forms tsunami waves 600 by flushing water into the water channel of the water tank 200, and arranges the wet bed surface 201, the transition inclined surface 205 and the dry bed surface 203 in sequence at the bottom of the water channel, so that the water channel structure can form diversified structures, and the characteristics of the damage mechanism of the tsunami waves 600 can be obtained better.
The side walls of the outer section of the flume 200 have transparent areas to facilitate observation of the formation of tsunami waves 600 from the outside, the destruction mechanism, and so on. The drain port 300 is connected to the drain pipe 300, and the drain pipe 300 extends to the outside of the reservoir 101, so that water discharged from the drain port can be drained to the outside of the reservoir 101.
In this embodiment, the building structures may be a bridge structure 401, a dock structure 405, an upright embankment structure 404, and so on, which may be determined according to actual needs.
The water tank 200 is provided with two long side walls which are oppositely arranged and extend along the transmission direction of the tsunami wave 600, and a plurality of concave strips are arranged on the long side walls and are staggered up and down at intervals; the side wall of the long edge is provided with a plurality of bulges, the bulges are arranged between the adjacent concave strips, and the bulges are arranged in a vertically staggered manner. Therefore, by arranging the concave lines and the bulges, the long-side wall can be better simulated to bear the scouring effect of the tsunami wave 600.
In this embodiment, the inclined channel 801 is disposed on the transition slope 205, the inclined channel 801 extends along the inclined direction of the transition slope 205, and the ball 802 reciprocating up and down along the inclined channel 801 is disposed on the inclined channel 801, so that when the tsunami wave 600 reaches the transition slope 205, the ball 802 will move up along the inclined channel 801 under the action of the tsunami wave 600, and during the flow of the tsunami wave 600, the ball 802 will also reciprocate on the inclined channel 801 correspondingly, thereby better and completely simulating the real situation of the transition slope 205.
The surface of the ball 802 is provided with a circular groove, and the circular groove extends along the rolling direction of the ball 802, so that the surface motion condition of the transition inclined surface 205 under the action of the tsunami wave 600 is further simulated more truly.
On the transition inclined surface 205, under the action of the tsunami wave 600, the sand on the surface of the transition inclined surface 205 moves correspondingly, and the like, and the actual situation can be restored more truly through the matching use of the inclined channel 801 and the ball 802.
A track 701 is arranged on the wet bed surface 201, and the track 701 extends along the length direction of the wet bed surface 201; a plurality of moving pieces 702 are movably connected to the rail 701, and the moving pieces 702 move back and forth along the longitudinal direction of the rail 701; the lower end of the moving plate 702 is movably connected to the rail 701, the upper end of the moving plate 702 extends upwards and is horizontally supported to be a plate body, and the plate body is perpendicular to the flow direction of the tsunami wave 600.
Under the driving of the flow of the tsunami wave 600, sand, mud and stones on the surface of the wet bed 201 move relatively, that is, the bottom of the tsunami wave 600 moves, so that the moving sheet 702 and the rail 701 are matched, and the sheet body of the moving sheet 702 is perpendicular to the flow direction of the tsunami wave 600, so as to block the tsunami wave 600, and under the action of the tsunami wave 600, the moving sheet 702 moves back and forth along the rail 701.
In order to restrict the overlapping state of the moving pieces 702 adjacently disposed, the lower end of the moving piece 702 has a movable strip 703 embedded inside the rail 701, and the movable strip 703 is extended toward both sides of the lower end of the moving piece 702. Thus, when the two moving pieces 702 are close to each other, the movable strips 703 are butted against each other, and since the movable strips 703 have a length, the length can limit the distance between the pieces of the two moving pieces 702.
A plurality of parallel rails 701 are arranged on the wet bed surface 201, and a rotating disc 704 is arranged between the adjacent rails 701; the bottom of the rotating disc 704 extends downwards to form a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is rotatably connected with the wet bed surface 201, and the rotating disc 704 is suspended above the wet bed surface 201. Thus, under the action of the tsunami wave 600, the rotating disc 704 rotates, simulating eddies and currents, etc. forming the bottom of the tsunami wave 600.
The upper portion of the rotating disc 704 is provided with a groove which is concave downwards and has an opening at the upper portion, and a plurality of notches are arranged in the side wall of the groove and are communicated with the groove, so that the flowing tsunami waves 600 can penetrate into the groove through the notches to drive the rotating disc 704 to rotate.
The bottom of the groove is provided with a spiral wall which is gradually coiled to the central position of the rotating disc from the side wall of the groove, so that the tsunami wave 600 is convenient for driving the rotating disc 704 to rotate, and in the rotating process of the rotating disc 704, the arrangement of the spiral wall is convenient for forming vortex and the like.
The dry bed surface 203 is provided with a diaphragm 901, the diaphragm 901 is laid on the dry bed surface 203, the diaphragm 901 is connected to a vibrator 902 outside the water tank 200 by a link, the diaphragm 901 is driven by the vibrator 902 to vibrate, and the diaphragm 901 vibrates along the flow direction of the tsunami wave 600. The vibrator 902 is used for driving the vibrating plate 901 to vibrate, so that the actual situation of the dry bed surface 203 can be simulated really, and the damage mechanism of the tsunami wave 600 can be further researched by using the magnitude of the vibration intensity.
The vibrating plate 901 is provided with ribs extending in a direction perpendicular to the vibrating direction of the vibrating plate 901.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The tsunami wave simulation experiment water channel arrangement structure is characterized by comprising a water channel, wherein the water channel is arranged in the water channel, the water channel penetrates through the inner end part of the water channel to form an inner end opening communicated with the water channel, the inner end opening of the water channel is provided with a water inlet gate for closing or opening the inner end opening from bottom to top, and the outer end part of the water channel is closed; along the direction from inside to outside of the water channel, the bottom of the water channel is sequentially provided with a wet bed surface, a transition inclined surface and a dry bed surface, the height of the dry bed surface is higher than that of the wet bed surface, and the transition inclined surface inclines from bottom to top and is communicated with the wet bed surface and the dry bed surface; a building structure simulating the impact of tsunami waves is arranged on the dry bed surface; the side wall of the water tank is provided with a water outlet communicated with the water channel, the water outlet is provided with a water discharge gate for closing or opening the water outlet from bottom to top, the water tank is provided with two long side walls which are oppositely arranged, and the two long side walls are arranged in an extending manner along the transmission direction of the tsunami waves; the long-side wall is provided with a plurality of concave strips which are arranged at intervals in a vertically staggered manner, the long-side wall is provided with a plurality of protrusions, the protrusions are arranged between adjacent concave strips and are arranged in a vertically staggered manner, the transition inclined plane is provided with an inclined channel, the inclined channel extends along the inclined direction of the transition inclined plane, and the inclined channel is provided with balls which move up and down along the inclined channel in a reciprocating manner; the surface of the ball is provided with a circular groove, the circular groove extends along the rolling direction of the ball, a vibrating plate is arranged on the dry bed surface, the vibrating plate is flatly laid on the dry bed surface, the vibrating plate is connected with a vibrator outside the water tank through a connecting rod, the vibrator drives the vibrating plate to vibrate, and the vibrating plate vibrates along the flowing direction of the tsunami waves.
2. The tsunami wave simulation test water course arrangement structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein a rail is arranged on the wet bed surface, and the rail extends along the length direction of the wet bed surface; the track is movably connected with a plurality of moving pieces, and the moving pieces move back and forth along the length direction of the track; the lower end of the moving piece is movably connected to the track, the upper end of the moving piece extends upwards and is horizontally supported to be a piece body, and the piece body is perpendicular to the flow direction of the tsunami waves.
3. The tsunami wave simulation test flume layout structure as set forth in claim 2, wherein the lower end of the moving plate has a moving strip embedded inside the rail, and the moving strip is extended toward both sides of the lower end of the moving plate.
4. The tsunami wave simulation test flume layout structure as claimed in claim 3, wherein a plurality of the rails arranged in parallel are disposed on the wet bed surface, and a rotating disc is disposed between adjacent rails; the bottom of the rotating disc extends downwards to form a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is rotatably connected with the wet bed surface, and the rotating disc is suspended above the wet bed surface.
5. The tsunami wave simulation test water course arrangement structure as claimed in claim 4, wherein the upper portion of the rotating disc is provided with a groove which is concave downwards and is open at the upper portion, and a plurality of notches are arranged in the side wall of the groove and are communicated with the groove.
6. The tsunami wave simulation test flume arrangement as claimed in claim 5, wherein the bottom of the groove is provided with a spiral wall which gradually spirals from the side wall of the groove to the center of the turntable.
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| CN112629819B (en) * | 2021-01-08 | 2021-12-28 | 福州大学 | Tidal wave simulation experiment structure based on wharf and working method thereof |
| WO2023245305A1 (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2023-12-28 | Universidad Católica De La Santísima Concepción | System and method for generating reverse-flow tsunami waves under laboratory conditions |
| CN115897474B (en) * | 2022-11-28 | 2024-03-26 | 华中科技大学 | Multi-form transformation test water tank for simulating wave and wind power coupling |
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| CN202002790U (en) * | 2010-10-19 | 2011-10-05 | 中国石油化工集团公司 | Non-reflection wave making device for laboratory sink |
| JP6148529B2 (en) * | 2013-05-01 | 2017-06-14 | 株式会社不動テトラ | Tsunami experiment equipment |
| JP6171883B2 (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2017-08-02 | 株式会社Ihi | Wave generator |
| JP3195823U (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-02-05 | 礼治 田中 | Tsunami testing equipment |
| JP6816975B2 (en) * | 2015-06-16 | 2021-01-20 | 東亜建設工業株式会社 | Wave-making device and wave-making method |
| CN207231749U (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2018-04-13 | 中国石油大学胜利学院 | A kind of multi-functional deposition sink experimental provision |
| CN108729405B (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2020-05-29 | 河海大学 | River model test method |
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