CN110176848A - The longitudinal end effect compensation method of flat switch magnetic resistance linear motor - Google Patents
The longitudinal end effect compensation method of flat switch magnetic resistance linear motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN110176848A CN110176848A CN201910412131.3A CN201910412131A CN110176848A CN 110176848 A CN110176848 A CN 110176848A CN 201910412131 A CN201910412131 A CN 201910412131A CN 110176848 A CN110176848 A CN 110176848A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K41/00—Propulsion systems in which a rigid body is moved along a path due to dynamo-electric interaction between the body and a magnetic field travelling along the path
- H02K41/02—Linear motors; Sectional motors
- H02K41/03—Synchronous motors; Motors moving step by step; Reluctance motors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
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Abstract
The present invention discloses two kinds of longitudinal end effect compensation methods for being directed to multiphase flat switch magnetic resistance linear motor, longitudinal end effect present in switched relutance linear motor makes the intermediate winding of motor stator and the electromagnetic property of End winding show notable difference, the imbalance of electric machine phase current is easily led to, to aggravate the electromagnetic force pulsation of motor.In order to mitigate motor longitudinal end effect to motor performance bring adverse effect, the invention proposes two kinds of compensation methodes.A kind of method is to increase auxiliary magnetic pole on motor end magnetic pole of the stator both sides, and this method can eliminate the magnetic linkage deviation of each phase winding.Another method is the width for increasing motor stator end pole, establishes and analyze motor equivalent magnetic circuit, can obtain the smallest best stator end magnet pole widths calculation formula so that electromagnetic force is pulsed.Compensation method proposed by the present invention is suitable for the flat switch magnetic resistance linear motor of a variety of numbers of phases, has good engineering application value.
Description
Technical field
The invention proposes the compensation methodes of two kinds of flat switch magnetic resistance linear motor longitudinal end effects, for reducing
The electromagnetic force of flat switch magnetic resistance linear motor is pulsed.
Background technique
The operation logic of linear motor is similar with control method with rotating electric machine, and the electromagnetic design of linear motor often refers to
The design method of rotating electric machine.However, linear motor by transverse edge effect in addition to being influenced unlike rotating electric machine
Except, also influenced by longitudinal end effect.Due to the presence of slit shearing in structure, when motor End winding and middle spaced winding
When group difference excitation, motor has notable difference in electromagnetic property, and this species diversity is that linear motor generates electromagnetic force pulsation
Principal element.Therefore, the difference of electromagnetic property is also to design the important content of motor between elimination magnetic pole.For linear motor end
The research of effect has been carried out for quite a long time, and the motor type being related to includes switch magnetic linkage straight line motor, permanent-magnet synchronous
Linear motor etc..It is found in previous research, biggish distortion has occurred in magnetic field of the motor at side end magnetic pole, and can be based on should
Characteristic establishes the relationship between longitudinal end effect and the parameter of electric machine.
The advantages of flat switch magnetic resistance linear motor inherits switching magnetic-resistance rotating electric machine, durable, control such as firm in structure
Mode processed is flexible, reliability is high etc..Due to many advantages of switched relutance linear motor, it is also answered by more and more occasions
With.In the switched reluctance machines design phase, the accurate magnetic linkage data of each phase winding under different relative positions are obtained with critically important
Meaning, in general, these data are calculated by finite element analysis software.In switching magnetic-resistance rotating electric machine, we recognize
Electromagnetic property for each phase winding is identical, however, in switched relutance linear motor, due to the presence of longitudinal end effect, respectively
The magnetic linkage of phase winding will appear unbalanced phenomenon.At present it is existing about switched relutance linear motor side-termind effect research in
Most of is the influence for analyzing end effect for electric machine operating characteristic, and there is no documents to propose the vertical of switched relutance linear motor
To compensation of end-effect method.It is an object of the present invention to propose that two kinds are indulged for multiphase flat switch magnetic resistance linear motor
Compensation method to side-termind effect reduces or eliminates as far as possible the imbalance of each phase electromagnetic property, to reduce the electromagnetic force of motor
Pulsation.
Summary of the invention
In view of the drawbacks of the prior art or Improvement requirement, the invention proposes two kinds of high reliablity, versatile, effect is good
Flat switch magnetic resistance linear motor longitudinal end effect compensation method.
The technical solution of longitudinal end effect compensation method of the invention is:
The compensation method of the longitudinal end effect of two kinds of multiphase switched relutance linear motors is mentioned based on the magnetic circuit principle of similitude
Out, in which: will be intermediate for a three-phase longitudinal magnetic flux flat switch magnetic resistance linear motor based on the magnetic circuit principle of similitude
Motor magnetic circuit distribution situation when phase (B phase) winding excitation is considered as ideal situation.Side end phase if (A phase and C phase) winding excitation
Magnetic circuit distribution can be same or similar with the magnetic circuit distribution situation of motor when interphase (B phase) winding excitation, it may be considered that directly
Longitudinal end effect caused by line motor end is cut off is compensated.
The described magnetic circuit principle of similitude in some embodiments proposes two kinds of multiphase switching magnetic-resistance straight-line electrics based on it
The compensation method of the longitudinal end effect of machine can alleviate each phase winding current imbalance and electricity as caused by longitudinal end effect
Magnetic force pulsation problem, in which: a kind of method is that respectively to add one group of auxiliary magnetic pole in stator both side ends identical to help to be formed
Leakage field magnetic circuit.After increasing auxiliary magnetic pole, the Distribution of Magnetic Field on symmetric poles under a phase winding excitation is identical;Different phases around
When group excitation, which can eliminate the electromagnetic property difference between different windings, can alleviate asking for motor electromagnetic forces pulsation
Topic.And the method for increasing auxiliary magnetic pole will increase motor overall length and volume, is not suitable for some pairs of spaces and limits strictly
Occasion.Therefore, second method is to alleviate end effect to motor performance by suitably increasing the width of motor end pole
Adverse effect.
The compensation method of described second of switched relutance linear motor longitudinal end effect in some embodiments,
Wherein: the compensation for carrying out longitudinal end effect in the way of the width for increasing motor end magnetic pole of the stator passes through foundation
The equivalent magnetic circuit modeling of switched relutance linear motor can analyze out the smallest best end pole so that motor electromagnetic forces are pulsed
Width calculation formula.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the three-phase flat switch magnetic resistance structure of the linear motion actuator schematic diagram being not optimised of the invention.
Fig. 2 is End winding of the invention and intermediate winding in aligned position and Distribution of Magnetic Field pair when being misaligned position excitation
Than figure.
Fig. 3 is the side end magnetic pole winding a of A phase of the invention1And consequent pole winding a3Magnetic linkage under main points position
Data comparison figure.
Fig. 4 is the three-phase current comparison diagram of motor ideal model and consideration longitudinal edge effect model of the invention.
Fig. 5 is the electromagnetic force pulsation comparison of two kinds of models of the invention in different exciting voltage and different loads
Figure.
Fig. 6 is the side end magnetic pole winding a of model machine actual measurement A phase of the invention1And consequent pole winding a3In main points position
Under magnetic linkage data comparison figure.
Fig. 7 is model machine actual measurement three-phase current comparison diagram of the invention.
Fig. 8 is the flat switch magnetic resistance structure of the linear motion actuator schematic diagram for increasing auxiliary magnetic pole of the invention.
Fig. 9 is the three-phase windings difference excitation of the flat switch magnetic resistance linear motor for increasing auxiliary magnetic pole of the invention
When Distribution of Magnetic Field comparison diagram.
Figure 10 be the flat switch magnetic resistance linear motor for increasing auxiliary magnetic pole of the invention in different exciting voltage and
Electromagnetic force pulsation comparison diagram in the case of different loads.
Figure 11 is the three-phase current comparison diagram of the flat switch magnetic resistance linear motor for increasing auxiliary magnetic pole of the invention.
Figure 12 is flat switch magnetic resistance linear motor equivalent magnetic circuit modeling of the invention.
Figure 13 is the sensitivity analysis result that side end magnet pole widths of the invention pulse to motor electromagnetic forces.
Figure 14 is that the flat switch magnetic resistance linear motor under optimal stator side end magnet pole widths of the invention is encouraged in difference
Electromagnetic force pulsation comparison diagram in the case of magnetoelectricity pressure and different loads.
Figure 15 is the three-phase electricity of the flat switch magnetic resistance linear motor under optimal stator side end magnet pole widths of the invention
Flow comparison diagram.
Specific embodiment
Example of the invention is described further below with reference to legend.
The present invention by taking a three-phase double-flanged end switched relutance linear motor as an example, structure as shown in Figure 1, motor correlation
Structural parameters are shown in Table 1.
1 model machine dependency structure parameter of table
It is plate to three-phase shown in Fig. 1 by finite element software in order to study influence of the longitudinal end effect for motor
Switched relutance linear motor is modeled, and carries out excitation to interphase (B phase) winding and side end phase (A phase) winding respectively, they
Respectively aligned position and be misaligned position Distribution of Magnetic Field situation it is shown in Figure 2.It is apparent that in interphase (B phase)
When winding excitation, the Distribution of Magnetic Field formula of motor is symmetrical.And in side end phase (A phase) winding excitation, since side end cutting causes
There is imbalance in the Distribution of Magnetic Field of the missing of adjacent pole, motor, which has been embodied directly in side end phase (A phase) winding
In the magnetic linkage data incuded.With the side end magnetic pole winding a of A phase1And consequent pole winding a3Magnetic linkage data instance, Fig. 3 be benefit
Their the magnetic linkage data under motor main points position are calculated with finite element software.It can be seen that due to the leakage of side end magnetic pole
Magnetic loop missing, winding a1Magnetic linkage data be less than winding a3Magnetic linkage data, this deviation is to be misaligned position particularly evident.
At the same time, motor ideal model (three-phase is full symmetric) is established respectively and considers the motor model of longitudinal end effect, warp
Motor dynamics emulation is crossed, their three-phase current comparison is as shown in Figure 4.The result shows that the current simulations result of motor ideal model
It is full symmetric, and it is apparent asymmetric existing to consider that the three-phase current simulation result of the motor model of longitudinal end effect occurs
As.In addition to this, electromagnetic force pulsation of two kinds of models in different exciting voltage and different loads, electromagnetic force are also calculated
The definition of pulsation is shown in following formula (1), and comparing result is shown in Figure 5.
Wherein, FmaxMotor electromagnetic forces maximum value when for dynamic operation, FminMotor electromagnetic forces minimum value when for dynamic operation,
FaveFor the average value of motor electromagnetic forces.
It can clearly be seen that considering that bigger electromagnetic force pulsation occurs in the simulation model of longitudinal end effect, it was demonstrated that
Longitudinal end effect can cause certain adverse effect to motor performance really, and the three-phase current as caused by longitudinal edge effect is not
Balance will lead to electromagnetic force pulsation and increase.
Two groups of tests are carried out using the model machine in proportion that Fig. 1 is introduced, first group tests motor in 6 key positions
The winding a of the different electric currents of lower correspondence1With winding a3Magnetic linkage value, as a result as shown in Figure 6.Second group tests motor dynamics operation
When three-phase current, as a result as shown in Figure 7.From fig. 6, it can be seen that under the influence of longitudinal end effect, A phase side end winding a1
With intermediate winding a3The magnetic linkage value of induction has significant difference, and the three-phase current of the motor in Fig. 7 is obviously uneven.Two groups of tests
Test result it is consistent with simulation result, it was demonstrated that longitudinal edge effect influences the performance of flat switch magnetic resistance linear motor
Obviously.
Based on the magnetic field principle of similitude, the invention proposes two kinds can be used for multiphase flat switch magnetic resistance linear motor
Longitudinal edge effect compensation method.First method is to increase separately two groups of auxiliary magnetic poles in motor stator side end side, assists magnetic
The specification of pole is identical as motor original magnetic pole, and the electric machine structure after optimization is as shown in Figure 8.Equally had by finite element software
Finite element analysis, three-phase windings distinguish excitation when motor-field distribution results it is as shown in Figure 9, it can be seen that be based on increased auxiliary
The switched relutance linear motor of magnetic pole, motor-field distribution when side end phase (A phase and C phase) winding excitation can be with interphase (B
Phase) winding excitation when motor-field distribution it is full symmetric.The motor after increasing auxiliary magnetic pole is equally calculated in different exciting
Electromagnetic force pulsation under voltage and different loads, it is as a result shown in Figure 10, it can be seen that after stator auxiliary magnetic pole is added, motor
Electromagnetic force pulse and alleviated.Compared with being not optimised pre-structure, the electromagnetic force pulsation that the motor of auxiliary magnetic pole is added reduces
30.9%.Three-phase current waveform is as shown in figure 11, it can be found that three-phase current waveform also more balances.Simulation results show this
Kind method can alleviate the electromagnetic force pulsation problem of the switched relutance linear motor as caused by longitudinal edge effect.
Second method is to increase stator end magnet pole widths.Initially set up the motor in side end phase winding excitation of motor
Equivalent magnetic circuit modeling (by taking A phase is powered as an example), since the two sides stator field distribution situation of bilateral linear motor is symmetrical,
Only need to establish the equivalent magnetic circuit modeling of side, as shown in figure 12.Wherein, the air-gap reluctance between magnetic pole of the stator is Rδ, due to Rδ
Numerical value it is very big, can be by RδPlace branch approximation is considered as open circuit.F is magnetomotive force caused by machine winding, RspIt is fixed for motor
The magnetic resistance of sub- magnetic pole, RsyFor the magnetic resistance of stator yoke, RmpFor the magnetic resistance of mover magnetic pole, RgThe air-gap reluctance between mover and stator,
Six windings are numbered respectively as 1-6, magnetic linkage caused by each winding current isThe magnetic resistance of each magnetic pole is R1-R6。
Following matrix form can be write out according to the equivalent magnetic circuit modeling of foundation:
Thus following equation is released:
When electric current is smaller, winding iron core is unsaturated, and magnetic circuit is symmetrical, it is believed that winding and third magnetic on second magnetic pole
Winding on extremely induces identical magnetic linkage value, i.e.,Simultaneously, it is believed that in the unsaturated situation of iron core, each stator magnet
The magnetic resistance of pole is all identical, i.e. R2=R3=R4=R5=R6=R0, then formula (3) can simplify are as follows:
In order to keep the magnetic linkage difference between magnetic pole as small as possible, formula (4) should meet following condition:
IfWithIt is satisfied the relationship of formula (5), so that it may realize compensating switch magnetic resistance linear motor longitudinal end
The target of effect can derive the smallest best end magnet pole widths calculation formula so that motor electromagnetic forces are pulsed.For one
Platform three-phase longitudinal magnetic flux flat switch magnetic resistance linear motor, motor magnetic circuit when by interphase (B phase) winding excitation are distributed feelings
Condition is considered as ideal situation, is distributed for the ideal magnetic circuit, when can be by side end phase (A phase) winding excitation obtained by formula (5)With
Relation object ratio to ideal magnetic circuit distribution situation under, different windings induction magnetic linkage value is defined, such as: c3Winding is incuded
Magnetic linkage isb3The incuded magnetic linkage of winding isUnder ideal magnetic circuit distribution situation, i.e., B phase winding independent excitation when, will
It analogizes in formula (5)It willIt analogizes in formula (5)WithSpecific value can be by finite element software to not
The switched relutance linear motor before optimization is modeled and be can be calculated.Then formula (5) is by motor magnetic linkage data and motor specific size
It connects, relationship meets:
Wherein, hspIt is magnetic pole of the stator length, μFeIt is the magnetic conductivity b of iron materialssIt is stator groove width, LFeIt is stator lasmination thickness
Degree, bspFor stator magnetic pole width, hsyFor stator yoke thickness
It can thus be concluded that the optimum width calculation formula of stator end magnetic pole are as follows:
The threedimensional model for being not optimised switched relutance linear motor is established by finite element analysis software, is calculatedWithRatio be 17.2%, in conjunction with the specific geometric dimension of motor substitute into formula (7) calculate motor stator end pole best width
Degree is 23.0mm.Meanwhile the sensitivity analysis that side end magnet pole widths pulse to motor electromagnetic forces has been carried out by finite element software,
As a result as shown in figure 13.It can be seen that best stator end magnet pole widths obtained by sensitivity analysis result are 22.5mm.It utilizes
The optimum width calculation formula calculated result for imitating the end pole that Magnetic Circuit Method calculates is 23.0mm, very close to sensitivity analysis knot
Fruit.It is therefore contemplated that the calculation method for the end pole optimum width that formula (7) is proposed is reliable.
Equally switched relutance linear motor after the optimization that stator side end magnetic pole is 22.5mm is modeled, electromagnetic force pulsation
Variation with different exciting voltage and different loads is as shown in figure 14, and three-phase current waveform is as shown in figure 15, it can be found that: it is based on
Motor electromagnetic forces pulsation averagely reduces 44.6% after the optimization of the compensation method, and three-phase current waveform also more balances, A phase
Electric current is only bigger than B phase current by 4.1%, and bigger than C phase current by 1.8%, three-phase current can be approximately considered full symmetric.Therefore, it imitates
True result proves that this method can alleviate the electromagnetic force pulsation of the switched relutance linear motor as caused by longitudinal edge effect and ask
Topic.
Claims (5)
1. the compensation method of the longitudinal end effect of two kinds of multiphase flat switch magnetic resistance linear motors is based on the similar original of magnetic circuit
What reason proposed, it is characterised in that: the magnetic circuit principle of similitude is based on, for a three-phase longitudinal magnetic flux flat switch magnetic resistance straight-line electric
Machine, motor magnetic circuit distribution situation when by interphase (B phase) winding excitation are considered as ideal situation.If side end phase (A phase and C phase)
The magnetic circuit distribution of winding excitation can be same or similar with the magnetic circuit distribution situation of motor when interphase (B phase) winding excitation, then may be used
To think that longitudinal end effect caused by the cutting of linear motor end is compensated.
2. the magnetic circuit principle of similitude described according to claim 1 proposes the longitudinal direction of two kinds of multiphase switched relutance linear motors
The compensation method of end effect can alleviate each phase winding current imbalance as caused by longitudinal end effect and electromagnetic force pulsation
Problem, it is characterised in that: a kind of method is respectively to add one group of auxiliary magnetic pole in stator both side ends to help to be formed identical leakage
Magnetic magnetic circuit.After increasing auxiliary magnetic pole, the Distribution of Magnetic Field on symmetric poles under a phase winding excitation is identical;In different phase windings
The problem of when excitation, which can eliminate the electromagnetic property difference between different windings, can alleviate motor electromagnetic forces pulsation.
And the method for increasing auxiliary magnetic pole will increase motor overall length and volume, is not suitable for some pairs of spaces and limits stringent field
It closes.Therefore, second method is to alleviate end effect to motor performance by suitably increasing the width of motor end pole
Adverse effect.
3. the compensation method of second of switched relutance linear motor longitudinal end effect according to described in claim 2,
Be characterized in that: the compensation for being carried out longitudinal end effect in the way of the width for increasing motor end magnetic pole of the stator is passed through
The equivalent magnetic circuit modeling for establishing switched relutance linear motor can analyze out the smallest best end so that motor electromagnetic forces are pulsed
Magnet pole widths calculation formula.
4. the equivalent magnetic circuit modeling of the switched relutance linear motor according to described in claim 3, it is characterised in that: build first
The equivalent magnetic circuit modeling of motor in side end phase winding excitation of vertical motor (by taking A phase is powered as an example).Wherein, between magnetic pole of the stator
Air-gap reluctance be Rδ, due to RδNumerical value it is very big, can be by RδPlace branch approximation is considered as open circuit.F is produced by machine winding
Magnetomotive force, RspFor the magnetic resistance of motor stator magnetic pole, RsyFor the magnetic resistance of stator yoke, RmpFor the magnetic resistance of mover magnetic pole, RgFor mover
The air-gap reluctance between stator numbers six windings respectively as 1-6, and magnetic linkage caused by each winding current isOften
The magnetic resistance of one magnetic pole is R1-R6.Following matrix form can be write out according to the equivalent magnetic circuit modeling of foundation:
Thus following equation is released:
When electric current is smaller, winding iron core is unsaturated, and magnetic circuit is symmetrical, it is believed that on the winding and third magnetic pole on second magnetic pole
Winding induce identical magnetic linkage value, i.e.,Simultaneously, it is believed that in the unsaturated situation of iron core, each magnetic pole of the stator
Magnetic resistance is all identical, i.e. R2=R3=R4=R5=R0, then formula (2) can simplify are as follows:
In order to keep the magnetic linkage difference between magnetic pole as small as possible, formula (3) should meet following condition:
IfWithIt is satisfied the relationship of formula (4), so that it may realize compensating switch magnetic resistance linear motor longitudinal end effect
Target.
5. can be realized longitudinal end effect compensating according to described in claim 4WithRelational expression, can derive
Make the smallest best end magnet pole widths calculation formula of motor electromagnetic forces pulsation, feature described in claim 3 out
It is: for a three-phase longitudinal magnetic flux flat switch magnetic resistance linear motor, motor when by interphase (B phase) winding excitation
Magnetic circuit distribution situation is considered as ideal situation, is distributed for the ideal magnetic circuit, can be by analysis gained side end phase (A in claim 4
Phase) winding excitation whenWithRelation object ratio to ideal magnetic circuit distribution situation under, different windings induction magnetic linkage value is determined
Justice, such as: c3The incuded magnetic linkage of winding isb3The incuded magnetic linkage of winding isUnder ideal magnetic circuit distribution situation, i.e. B phase
It, will when winding independent excitationIt analogizes in formula (4)It willIt analogizes in formula (4)WithSpecific number
Value can be modeled and be can be calculated to the switched relutance linear motor before being not optimised by finite element software.Then formula (4) is by motor magnetic
Chain data are connected with motor specific size, and relationship meets:
Wherein, hspIt is magnetic pole of the stator length, μFeIt is the magnetic conductivity b of iron materialssIt is stator groove width, LFeIt is stator lasmination thickness, bsp
For stator magnetic pole width, hsyFor stator yoke thickness
It can thus be concluded that the optimum width calculation formula of end pole are as follows:
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CN105868485A (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2016-08-17 | 中国矿业大学 | Switched reluctance linear motor magnetic circuit modeling method |
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CN105787158A (en) * | 2016-02-05 | 2016-07-20 | 天津大学 | Permanent magnet synchronous linear motor modeling and characteristic analyzing method based on equivalent magnetic circuit method |
CN105868485A (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2016-08-17 | 中国矿业大学 | Switched reluctance linear motor magnetic circuit modeling method |
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