CN110176760A - A kind of alternating current-direct current hybrid network configuring model - Google Patents
A kind of alternating current-direct current hybrid network configuring model Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of alternating current-direct current mixing distribution network configuring models.Configuring problem of the present invention for a large amount of direct current distributed energies access distribution network, in view of every branch and bus direct current or the uncertainty exchanged, and loading demand and distributed generation resource random access behavior, establish a kind of distribution network configuring model with system Construction cost and the minimum objective function of operating cost.All bus branches neatly can be considered as AC or DC, determine optimal mixed configuration by alternating current-direct current hybrid network configuring model proposed by the invention in contrast to traditional exchange planing method；It, can effectively save operating cost, line construction expense, inverter mounting cost and power supply mounting cost under the premise of same load and the size and distribution of distributed generation resource.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to mix distribution network technology field, specifically a kind of alternating current-direct current hybrid network containing distributed energy
Network configuring model.
Background technique
In recent years, people dramatically increase the interest of green technology, such as electric car (EV), photovoltaic (PV) energy and its
His renewable distributed generation resource (DG).It expects 2019, global photovoltaic energy growth will be more than 376GW.2014 to 2015
During year, the world market sales volume of electric car increases 70%, it is contemplated that is up to 20,000,000 to the year two thousand twenty.Following matches
Electric system is other than needing to adapt to these new techniques, it is also necessary to support additional battery storage system and renewable distribution
The integration of formula power supply, a large amount of grid-connected distributed generation resources of rationally consumption.In recent years, country has promulgated a large amount of policies to promote photovoltaic to send out
The application of the renewable energy such as electricity and wind-power electricity generation, while there are many preferential policies to electric car, as a result, following matches
Power grid centainly will appear a large amount of DC load and export the distributed generation resource of direct current.
Therefore, if to provide best adjusting for the load of all types (AC and DC), the following power grid should be realized
Alternating current-direct current mixing distribution.Mixing distribution system can most preferably manage the component and resource of the following smart grid, including renewable
Distributed generation resource, electric car and energy-storage system.
Summary of the invention
For the configuring problem of a large amount of direct current distributed energies access distribution network, it is contemplated that every branch and bus
The uncertainty and loading demand and distributed generation resource random access behavior of direct current or exchange, the present invention provide it is a kind of with
The distribution network configuring model of system Construction cost and the minimum objective function of operating cost, the model have enough effective
Property, and can obviously save the construction cost and operating cost of power distribution network.
To achieve the above object, the present invention realizes by the following technical solutions: a kind of alternating current-direct current hybrid network configuration rule
Draw model, the building of the model comprising steps of
Step 1, one group of binary coding is generated to alternating current-direct current distribution network to be planned, as initial population；To current
Each chromosome executes step 2-6 in the space GA；
Step 2, economic load dispatching scene is gone out using Monte Carlo simulation MCS technical modelling and determines operating cost；
Step 3, objective function is minimised as with power supply operating cost, establishes subplan by constraint condition of safety condition
OPF problem finds the optimized operation cost of selected scene；
Step 4, MCS stopping criterion is checked；Step 2-4 is repeated, until meeting MCS stopping criterion；
Step 5, the feasible solution quantity of OPF problem is defined as λ to the accounting of total solution quantityf, pass through
Random risk level determines feasible configuration；
Step 6, it using the distribution network construction cost and operating cost simulated as objective function, is connected with branch between bus
Quantity is that constraint condition establishes master program problem；For current configuration, calculate network line and inverter installation cost and
Operating cost calculates GA cost function for all chromosomes in the current space GA；
Step 7, GA stopping criterion is checked, if the requirements are not met, then updates GA by selection, intersection, variation and generate；
Then step 2-7 is repeated until meeting GA stopping criterion.
Further, it includes three binary matrixs: bus type matrix W that the network in step 1, which generates binary coding,
Connection matrix U and branch line type matrix D, these matrixes are defined as follows:
1) bus type matrix W (Nb× 1): the type of every bus in the matrix description mixing distribution network, if female
Line n is exchange, then W (n)=0；If bus n is direct current, W (n)=1；
2) connection matrix U (Nb×Nb): the connection of the matrix description mixing distribution network, if connected without branch line
Bus n and m, then U (n, m)=0；If there is branch line connects bus n and m, then U (n, m)=1；
3) branch line type matrix D (Nb×Nb): the type of every branch line in the matrix description mixing distribution network, if even
It is to exchange that bus n, which is met, with the branch line of m, then D (n, m)=0；If the branch line for connecting bus n and m is direct current, D (n, m)=1.
Further, the distribution network in step 2 using Monte Carlo simulation MCS technology for cost to be calculated carries out in fact
When the simulation dispatched, determine system distributed generation resource and payload, simulate economic load dispatching scene, determine system operation cost.
Further, the subplan OPF problem objective function in step 3 is to minimize power supply operating cost, and expression formula is such as
Under:
In formula,Indicate the power of AC power source i,Indicate the power of DC power supply j,Indicate AC power source i's
Cost coefficient,Indicate the cost coefficient of DC power supply j, Iac、JdcRespectively indicate the quantity of AC power source and DC power supply.
Further, the constraint condition in step 3 includes:
1) engine health constrains:
In formula:The respectively active and reactive power output of AC power source and the active power output of DC power supply；RespectivelyUpper and lower limit；Iac、JdcIt is respectively cross, straight
Flow number of power sources；
2) bus and branch security constraint:
In formula: VnFor the voltage of bus n,Respectively VnUpper and lower limit；SnmIt is answered for what is flowed through on branch nm
Power,For SnmThe upper limit；θnFor the voltage angle of bus n,For θnUpper and lower limit；NbIt indicates in distribution network
The quantity of bus nodes；
3) inverter constrains:
In formula: ScFor inverter transimission power,For its upper limit；MnmFor inverter modulation ratio,Respectively
For its bound；NcFor inverter number；NbIndicate the quantity of distribution network median generatrix node；
4) power-balance constraint:
In formula,Respectively node is actually implanted into active and reactive power；Respectively its Load flow calculation
As a result.
Further, the MCS stopping criterion in step 4 is using the iteration of fixed quantity or using following formula as stopping mark
Standard, for the OPF solution to the problem stochastic variable C of different scenesOPFIt indicates:
In formula, σ (COPF) indicate stochastic variable COPFStandard deviation；E(COPF) indicate stochastic variable COPFAverage value；ε is
One sufficiently small positive real number.
Further, to keep acceptable random risk level in step 5, by accounting λfMinimum allowable valueChoosing
95% is selected as,The more high then random risk level of value it is lower；If reached for any configurationThen by the configuration
Operating cost be expressed as Ε (COPF)；Otherwise this configuration is abandoned.
Further, the master program problem in step 6 is the construction cost and operating cost of minimum system, target letter
Number is minimum system Construction cost and operating cost, expression formula are as follows:
minZmain=PVC
PVC=IC+RC
Wherein, IC is system installation cost；RC is system operation cost；
AOMCt=8760 × E (COPF,t)+β×IC
D is discount rate；E(COPF,t) it is power supply operating cost per hour after economic load dispatching；β is the ratio that currency devalues every year
Rate；TpIndicate the year in project period.
Further, the bus connection constraints condition in step 6 is as follows:
In formula: LminAnd LmaxRespectively indicate the bound of bus circuitry number；NbFor number of nodes；LminAnd LmaxSelection depend on
In the type and required network reliability rank of system configuration.
Further, the GA stopping criterion in step 7 uses convergence precision or the number of iterations, if program results reach convergence
Precision or the number of iterations for having arrived setting, then terminate heredity.
The mode that update GA in step 7 is generated selects, intersects, makes a variation, and operates as follows:
Selection: by the way of roulette, that is, calculating the adaptive value of each individual, fitness function selection target function
Inverse, the probability selected as individual using the ratio of the total adaptive value of individual fitness Zhan；
Intersect: using the form of single point crossing, 2 individual part-structures being swapped, new individual is formed；
Variation: it makes a variation when judged with the mutation probability being previously set all individuals in population, then to progress
The individual random selection variation position variation of variation.
The invention has the advantages that: 1, proposed by the invention alternating current-direct current hybrid network configuring model comparison
In traditional exchange planing method, all bus branches neatly can be considered as AC or DC, determine optimal mixed configuration.
2, under the premise of same load and the size and distribution of distributed generation resource, the present invention can effectively save operating cost, line construction
Expense, inverter mounting cost and power supply mounting cost.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is algorithm flow chart of the invention.
Fig. 2 is compared with alternating current-direct current estimator of the invention is planned with regular alternating current in the cost in certain 13 meshed network
Figure.
Specific embodiment
To be easy to understand the technical means, the creative features, the aims and the efficiencies achieved by the present invention, below with reference to
Specific embodiment, the present invention is further explained.The embodiment being described with reference to the drawings is exemplary, and is only used for explaining this hair
It is bright, and be not construed as limiting the claims.
The purpose of the present invention is the configuring problems for a large amount of direct current distributed energies access distribution network, it is contemplated that
Every branch and bus direct current or the uncertainty and loading demand that exchange and distributed generation resource random access behavior, mention
A kind of distribution network configuring model with system Construction cost and the minimum objective function of operating cost out.As shown in Figure 1
The building of the distribution network configuring model the following steps are included:
1. pair alternating current-direct current distribution network to be planned generates one group of binary coding, as initial population.It is empty to current GA
Between in each chromosome execute step 2-6；
2. going out economic load dispatching scene using Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) technical modelling determines operating cost；
3. being minimised as objective function with power supply operating cost, subplan (OPF) is established by constraint condition of safety condition
Problem finds the optimized operation cost of selected scene；
4. checking MCS stopping criterion.Step 2-4 is repeated, until meeting MCS stopping criterion；
5. the feasible solution quantity of OPF problem is defined as λ to the accounting of total solution quantityf, by random
Risk level determines feasible configuration；
6. connecting quantity using the distribution network construction cost and operating cost simulated as objective function with branch between bus
Master program model is established for constraint condition.For current configuration, installation cost and the operation of network line and inverter are calculated
Cost calculates GA cost function for all chromosomes in the current space GA；
7. checking GA stopping criterion, if the requirements are not met, then updates GA by selection, intersection, variation and generate；
Then step 2-7 is repeated until meeting GA stopping criterion.
(1) network configuration encodes
Network configuration information is encoded to binary matrix, respectively bus type matrix, connection type square in the present invention
Battle array, branch line type matrix:
Bus type matrix W (Nb× 1): the matrix description mixes the type of every bus in distribution system, if bus n
It is exchange, then W (n)=0；If bus n is direct current, W (n)=1.
Connection matrix U (Nb×Nb): the connection of matrix description mixing distribution network: if connected without branch line
Bus n and m, then U (n, m)=0；If there is branch line connects bus n and m, then U (n, m)=1.
Branch line type matrix D (Nb×Nb): the matrix description mixes the type of every branch line in distribution system: if connection
Bus n is to exchange with the branch line of m, then D (n, m)=0；If the branch line for connecting bus n and m is direct current, D (n, m)=1.
(2) Monte Carlo simulation
Monte carlo method is also known as statistical simulation method, is a kind of Method of Stochastic, is with probability and statistical methods
A kind of calculation method on basis, solves computational problem using random number.
It is carried out in real time after determining system distributed generation resource and payload using Monte Carlo simulation in the present invention
Economic load dispatching scenario simulation, to determine scene operating cost.
(3) subplan problem model is established
Subplan problem objective function in the present invention considers the general supply operation of conventional electric generators and distributed generation resource
Cost is minimum, and computation rule is the product of power supply power output and the operating cost coefficient of specific power, obtains power supply operating cost target
Function:
The constraint condition of the subplan problem include engine health constraint, bus and branch security constraint, inverter about
Beam and power-balance constraint:
1) engine health constrains:
The active and reactive power output of AC power source and the active power output of DC power supply should the range that power supply itself limits it
It is interior, it may be assumed that
2) bus and branch security constraint:
The complex power flowed through on voltage and branch on bus should be within the scope of it can bear, it may be assumed that
3) inverter constrains:
The transimission power of inverter should be in the range of guaranteeing its trouble free service, and inverter modulation ratio should be in its own restriction
In the range of, it may be assumed that
4) power-balance constraint:
The active reactive power that each node Load flow calculation obtains should be consistent with the active reactive power of node is actually implanted into,
That is:
(4) MCS stopping criterion is checked
In the present invention using Monte Carlo simulation carry out scenario simulation, stopping criterion using fixed quantity iteration or
Person using scene cost close to target value when stop iteration, indicate are as follows:
(5) random risk level is determined
For the scene generated using Monte Carlo simulation, subplan problem acquires the feasible solution party to the scene
Case quantity is defined as λ to the accounting of total solution quantityf, and in order to keep acceptable random risk level, by λfMinimum
Permissible valueIt is selected as 95%.The more high then random risk level of value it is lower.If reached for any configuration
I.e. random risk level is less than setting value, then retains the configuration and the configuration operating cost is expressed as Ε (COPF)；Otherwise it loses
Abandon this configuration.
(6) master program problem model is established
Master program problem of the invention is the minimization of total system cost for comprehensively considering system Construction cost and operating cost,
Its computation rule is the sum of construction cost and operating cost, obtains this objective function of system synthesis:
minZmain=PVC
PVC=IC+RC
Construction cost is IC, including conventional electric generators, distributed generation resource, route and inverter installation cost；Operating cost
For RC, including conventional electric generators, the operating cost of distributed generation resource:
AOMCt=8760 × E (COPF,t)+β×IC
The constraint condition of the master program problem is bus connection constraints:
Due to the upper limit of bus transimission power, single bus does not allow to be connected with other excessive buses, and bus cannot be by
Isolated, i.e., there are bounds for the circuitry number between bus, i.e.,
(7) GA stopping criterion is checked
Master program problem of the invention carries out calculating adaptive value to each chromosome in the space GA, and is iterated, repeatedly
Convergence precision is met using the number of iterations or adaptive value of fixed quantity for stopping criterion.Updating the mode that GA is generated has choosing
It selects, intersect, make a variation, operate are as follows:
Selection: by the way of roulette, that is, calculating the adaptive value of each individual, fitness function selection target function
Inverse, the probability selected as individual using the ratio of the total adaptive value of individual fitness Zhan.
Intersect: using the form of single point crossing, 2 individual part-structures being swapped, new individual is formed.
Variation: it makes a variation when judged with the mutation probability being previously set all individuals in population, then to progress
The individual random selection variation position variation of variation.
Compared with being planned with regular alternating current in the cost in certain 13 meshed network using alternating current-direct current estimator of the invention, such as
Shown in Fig. 2.
The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention.The technology of the industry
Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and description only describe this
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and improvements may be made to the invention, these changes
Change and improvement all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be with claims
Subject to protection scope.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of alternating current-direct current hybrid network configuring model, which is characterized in that the building of the model comprising steps of
Step 1, one group of binary coding is generated to alternating current-direct current distribution network to be planned, as initial population；It is empty to current GA
Between in each chromosome execute step 2-6；
Step 2, economic load dispatching scene is gone out using Monte Carlo simulation MCS technical modelling and determines operating cost；
Step 3, objective function is minimised as with power supply operating cost, subplan OPF is established as constraint condition using safety condition and is asked
Topic finds the optimized operation cost of selected scene；
Step 4, MCS stopping criterion is checked；Step 2-4 is repeated, until meeting MCS stopping criterion；
Step 5, the feasible solution quantity of OPF problem is defined as λ to the accounting of total solution quantityf, pass through RANDOM WIND
Danger is horizontal to determine feasible configuration；
Step 6, using the distribution network construction cost and operating cost simulated as objective function, quantity is connected with branch between bus
Master program problem is established for constraint condition；For current configuration, installation cost and the operation of network line and inverter are calculated
Cost calculates GA cost function for all chromosomes in the current space GA；
Step 7, GA stopping criterion is checked, if the requirements are not met, then updates GA by selection, intersection, variation and generate；
Then step 2-7 is repeated until meeting GA stopping criterion.
2. alternating current-direct current hybrid network configuring model according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the net in step 1
It includes three binary matrixs: bus type matrix W, connection matrix U and branch line type matrix D that network, which generates binary coding, this
A little matrixes are defined as follows:
1) bus type matrix W (Nb× 1): the type of every bus in the matrix description mixing distribution network, if bus n is
It exchanges, then W (n)=0；If bus n is direct current, W (n)=1；
2) connection matrix U (Nb×Nb): the connection of the matrix description mixing distribution network, if connecting bus n without branch line
And m, then U (n, m)=0；If there is branch line connects bus n and m, then U (n, m)=1；
3) branch line type matrix D (Nb×Nb): the type of every branch line in the matrix description mixing distribution network, if connection is female
Line n is to exchange with the branch line of m, then D (n, m)=0；If the branch line for connecting bus n and m is direct current, D (n, m)=1.
3. alternating current-direct current hybrid network configuring model according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: used in step 2
Monte Carlo simulation MCS technology carries out the simulation of Real-Time Scheduling for the distribution network of cost to be calculated, determines system distribution
Power supply and payload simulate economic load dispatching scene, determine system operation cost.
4. alternating current-direct current hybrid network configuring model according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the son in step 3
Plan that OPF problem objective function is to minimize power supply operating cost, expression formula is as follows:
In formula,Indicate the power of AC power source i,Indicate the power of DC power supply j,Indicate the cost of AC power source i
Coefficient,Indicate the cost coefficient of DC power supply j, Iac、JdcRespectively indicate the quantity of AC power source and DC power supply.
5. alternating current-direct current hybrid network configuring model according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the pact in step 3
Beam condition includes:
1) engine health constrains:
In formula:The respectively active and reactive power output of AC power source and the active power output of DC power supply；RespectivelyUpper and lower limit；Iac、JdcIt is respectively cross, straight
Flow number of power sources；
2) bus and branch security constraint:
In formula: VnFor the voltage of bus n,Respectively VnUpper and lower limit；SnmFor the complex power flowed through on branch nm,For SnmThe upper limit；θnFor the voltage angle of bus n,For θnUpper and lower limit；NbIndicate distribution network median generatrix section
The quantity of point；
3) inverter constrains:
In formula: ScFor inverter transimission power,For its upper limit；MnmFor inverter modulation ratio,Respectively thereon
Lower limit；NcFor inverter number；NbIndicate the quantity of distribution network median generatrix node；
4) power-balance constraint:
In formula,Respectively node is actually implanted into active and reactive power；Respectively its calculation of tidal current.
6. alternating current-direct current hybrid network configuring model according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the MCS in step 4
Stopping criterion uses the iteration of fixed quantity or using following formula as stopping criterion, for the solution of the OPF problem of different scenes
Certainly scheme stochastic variable COPFIt indicates:
In formula, σ (COPF) indicate stochastic variable COPFStandard deviation；E(COPF) indicate stochastic variable COPFAverage value；ε is one just
Real number.
7. alternating current-direct current hybrid network configuring model according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: be guarantor in step 5
Acceptable random risk level is held, by accounting λfMinimum allowable value95% is selected as,The more high then RANDOM WIND of value
Danger is horizontal lower；If reached for any configurationThe operating cost of the configuration is then expressed as Ε (COPF)；Otherwise it loses
Abandon this configuration.
8. alternating current-direct current hybrid network configuring model according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the master in step 6
Planning problem is the construction cost and operating cost of minimum system, and objective function is to minimize system Construction cost and operation
Cost, expression formula are as follows:
minZmain=PVC
PVC=IC+RC
Wherein, IC is system installation cost；RC is system operation cost；
AOMCt=8760 × E (COPF,t)+β×IC
D is discount rate；E(COPF,t) it is power supply operating cost per hour after economic load dispatching；β is the ratio that currency devalues every year；Tp
Indicate the year in project period.
9. alternating current-direct current hybrid network configuring model according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the mother in step 6
Line connection constraints condition is as follows:
In formula: LminAnd LmaxRespectively indicate the bound of bus circuitry number；NbFor number of nodes；LminAnd LmaxSelection depend on be
The type under unified central planning set and required network reliability rank.
10. alternating current-direct current hybrid network configuring model according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the GA in step 7
Stopping criterion uses convergence precision or the number of iterations, if program results reach convergence precision or have arrived the number of iterations of setting,
Terminate heredity；
The mode that update GA in step 7 is generated selects, intersects, makes a variation, and operates as follows:
Selection: by the way of roulette, that is, the adaptive value of each individual is calculated, fitness function selection target function falls
Number, the probability selected as individual using the ratio of the total adaptive value of individual fitness Zhan；
Intersect: using the form of single point crossing, 2 individual part-structures being swapped, new individual is formed；
Variation: making a variation when judged with the mutation probability being previously set all individuals in population, then to making a variation
Individual random selection variation position variation.
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