CN110176262B - Method for digital conversion of steel wire recording - Google Patents
Method for digital conversion of steel wire recording Download PDFInfo
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- CN110176262B CN110176262B CN201910329322.3A CN201910329322A CN110176262B CN 110176262 B CN110176262 B CN 110176262B CN 201910329322 A CN201910329322 A CN 201910329322A CN 110176262 B CN110176262 B CN 110176262B
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 230000005236 sound signal Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 131
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B15/00—Driving, starting or stopping record carriers of filamentary or web form; Driving both such record carriers and heads; Guiding such record carriers or containers therefor; Control thereof; Control of operating function
- G11B15/18—Driving; Starting; Stopping; Arrangements for control or regulation thereof
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C7/00—Arrangements for writing information into, or reading information out from, a digital store
- G11C7/16—Storage of analogue signals in digital stores using an arrangement comprising analogue/digital [A/D] converters, digital memories and digital/analogue [D/A] converters
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for digitally converting steel wire record, which relates to the field of digital conversion of steel wire record, and comprises the following steps: step 1: pre-preparation of a digital conversion environment; step 2: installing and configuring conversion equipment; step 3: preheating the playback equipment; step 4: installing a steel wire belt; step 5: adjusting test sound; step 6: collecting playback; step 7: storing data; step 8: rewinding and restoring; step 9: the digital conversion work is completed. The method for digitally converting the steel wire audio record can realize the high-efficiency and high-quality digital conversion of the steel wire audio file by using the existing steel wire recorder, greatly reduce the playing times of the steel wire audio file and protect the existing steel wire audio file to the maximum extent; and the harmonic distortion of the sampled audio signal can be reduced, and the quality of the converted audio is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of digital conversion of steel wire record, in particular to a method for digital conversion of steel wire record.
Background
Edison in 1877 invented a gramophone, created a miracle in human history, and made sound storable and reproducible; in 1898, the danish scientist boysen developed a first magnetic recorder and at the paris exposition of 1900 developed a boysen invention magnetic recorder which recorded sound on steel wire; the invention of 1937 Maren discloses an improved steel wire recorder which has the characteristics of vivid sound and beautiful tone quality.
The steel wire recording plays an important role in the field of audio files in China, a plurality of audio files remain in the steel wire recording tape until now, because the time is long and the steel wire itself is aged, most of the steel wire recording tape is positioned at the edge of urgent need for rescuing at present, the steel wire recording tape needs to be digitalized and converted, the audio information stored in the steel wire recording tape needs to be recorded as truly as possible in the digitalization work of the steel wire recording tape, and meanwhile, the destructive loss of the steel wire recording tape is avoided. The existing steel wire of the steel wire recording tape is seriously aged, the number of times that the steel wire recording tape can be played is quite limited, and the steel wire recording tape can be played only a few times and can be broken, so that the number of times that the steel wire recording tape can be played when the steel wire recording tape is digitally converted needs to be reduced as much as possible. Meanwhile, the production of a steel wire recorder serving as playing equipment of a steel wire recording tape has been stopped for decades, and how to use the existing steel wire recorder to efficiently and high-quality finish the digital conversion work of the steel wire audio file by combining the existing technical conditions is always a key problem of researches of related technicians.
In the conventional digital conversion process of the steel wire audio file by adopting the existing steel wire recorder, if the conversion method is not right, harmonic distortion is caused, the harmonic distortion refers to extra harmonic components of the sound signal after being replayed by audio equipment, and the extra harmonic components can be used as quantization parameters for representing sound 'timbre'. When the harmonic distortion is below 1%, the listener is not distinguished; if the harmonic distortion exceeds 10%, a general listener can hear very obvious gain and loss components; low quality sampled audio signals cannot meet the requirements of audio archive protection nor provide more available audio signal data for subsequent digital processing.
Therefore, those skilled in the art are dedicated to develop a method for digitally converting a steel wire audio file, which not only can realize the efficient and high-quality digital conversion of the steel wire audio file by using the existing steel wire recorder, reduce the harmonic distortion of the sampled audio signal, but also can greatly reduce the playing times of the steel wire audio file and protect the existing steel wire audio file to the maximum extent.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, the present invention aims to solve the technical problem of reducing the number of playing of the steel wire audio file as much as possible, and protecting the existing steel wire audio file to the maximum extent, by using the existing steel wire recorder to perform high-efficiency and high-quality digital conversion work on the steel wire audio file, and reducing the harmonic distortion of the sampled audio signal.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a method for digitally converting a steel wire recording, comprising the following steps:
step 1: pre-preparation of a digital conversion environment;
step 2: installing and configuring conversion equipment; the conversion equipment comprises playback equipment, an acquisition card, a computer, a monitoring earphone, an audio line and a temperature control system; the playback device comprises an output interface, a tone knob, a function knob, an output channel knob, a volume knob, a playing/rewinding toggle button, a playing/rewinding toggle switch, a winding disc, a magnetic head height scale, a magnetic head notch, a winding disc bayonet, a lead clamping pressing plate button, a lead clamping pressing plate, a supply disc and a safety post;
step 3: preheating the playback equipment;
step 4: installing a steel wire belt;
step 5: adjusting test sound;
step 6: collecting playback;
configuring sampling parameters according to different contents of the steel wire recording tape to be sampled, wherein the sampling parameters comprise sampling frequency, sampling precision, sampling tone and sampling volume;
step 7: storing data;
step 8: rewinding and restoring;
step 9: the digital conversion work is completed.
Further, the step 1 includes the following steps:
step 1.1: the environment temperature of the digital conversion workplace is controlled between 20 ℃ and 27 ℃, and the humidity is controlled between 55% and 70%;
step 1.2: the staff wears the dustproof clothes, the dustproof shoes, the dustproof caps, the medical plastic gloves and other devices;
step 1.3: the playback equipment is arranged on a stable working platform, the working platform is a solid rigid body, and the working platform comprises a damping device;
step 1.4: the working platform is not provided with a noise source and a vibration source nearby; the noise standard value of the noise source is more than or equal to 70dB, and the vibration intensity of the vibration source is more than 0.71mm/s;
step 1.5: during digital sampling, the artificial touching of a workbench or conversion equipment is absolutely avoided, so that signal distortion caused by vibration is prevented.
Further, the step 2 includes the following steps:
step 2.1: the tone knob of the playback device is turned to a closed state, and the power supply of the playback device is turned to the closed state;
step 2.2: connecting the acquisition card with the computer, wherein the acquisition card is configured to be in a standby state, and all buttons of the acquisition card are in an initial state;
step 2.3: inserting a positive electrode and a grounding wire at a first end of the audio wire into a positive electrode end and a grounding end of the output interface respectively, and meeting a wiring terminal standard, wherein the wiring terminal standard is that metal parts of a connector of the audio wire are all inserted into corresponding ports and are fixed and stable;
step 2.4: accessing a second end of the audio line to an input end of the acquisition card, and meeting a wiring terminal standard;
step 2.5: connecting the monitoring earphone with the acquisition card;
step 2.6: the temperature control system is connected with the temperature control system and is used for controlling the temperature of the head notch and the surface temperature of the steel wire at the head inlet, the surface temperature of the steel wire at the head inlet is kept in a first temperature control range, and the first temperature control range is 25-27 ℃.
Further, the step 3 includes the following steps: turning on the power supply of the playback device, rotating the tone knob, turning on the power supply of the playback device, preheating the playback device for 15-25 minutes, wherein the preheating is completed within a time period of 5 minutes or more, and the temperature change of the notch of the magnetic head is less than 0.4 ℃; when the temperature of the magnetic head notch is more than or equal to 35 ℃, the temperature control system is automatically started until the temperature of the magnetic head notch is less than or equal to 26 ℃, and then the temperature control system is stopped.
Further, the step 4 includes the following steps:
step 4.1: when the glove is worn, the whole installation process avoids the direct touching of the steel wires by two hands;
step 4.2: checking whether rust exists in the steel wire belt or whether a lead is lost, wherein rust exists in the steel wire belt, and rust removal is needed; the wire strip with missing leads needs to be connected with the leads firstly;
step 4.3: pressing a playing/rewinding toggle button to toggle the playing/rewinding toggle switch to a rewinding state;
step 4.4: rotating the winding roll to enable the magnetic head to move upwards until the magnetic head is leveled with the top end of the magnetic head height scale;
step 4.5: placing the steel wire disc on the wire supply disc, and pulling out the steel wire lead in the clockwise direction;
step 4.6: the steel wire passes through the magnetic head notch, and the lead wire passes through the winding roll bayonet; the lead clamping pressing plate button is pressed to lift the lead clamping pressing plate, so that a lead passes through the lead clamping pressing plate from below, and the lead clamping pressing plate button is loosened to clamp the lead;
step 4.7: adjusting the wire supply disc to enable the steel wire to be in a straightening state;
step 4.8: and the toggle switch for toggling the playing/rewinding to the middle position.
Further, the step 5 includes the following steps:
step 5.1: turning the tone knob, starting the power supply of the playback equipment, and turning the knob to a proper gear;
step 5.2: the function knob is shifted to a listening gear;
step 5.3: according to the output port accessed by the audio line in the step 2.3, rotating the output channel knob to a corresponding gear;
step 5.4: the volume knob is rotated until the volume is clear for the staff;
step 5.5: pressing a playing/rewinding toggle button, toggling a playing/rewinding toggle switch to a playing state, and starting playing;
step 5.6: during the sound test, a worker should confirm whether the audio signal normally enters the earphone and the acquisition software, and if abnormality occurs, the worker needs to check;
step 5.7: rotating the volume knob to control the volume until the peak value of the level amplitude of the collected audio signal is less than-3 dB, and the average value of the level amplitude RMS is between-30 dB and-10 dB; if the level amplitude peak value of the collected audio still does not reach-20 dB when the volume knob is adjusted to the maximum, a gain knob on the collection card is adjusted to gain, and the gain amplitude is not more than 15dB;
step 5.8: and the test time is not more than 3 minutes, rewinding and restoring are carried out after the test is successful, and the tuning parameters of the playback equipment, the acquisition card and the sampling recording software are kept unchanged.
Further, the step 6 includes the following steps:
step 6.1: opening audio collection software, dividing the content of the steel wire recording tape to be sampled into three types of songs, chinese ethnic drama and languages according to the content of the steel wire recording tape to be sampled, and respectively setting the sampling frequency, the sampling precision, the sampling tone and the sampling volume for recording and collecting the content types of different steel wire recording tapes; the configuration method of the sampling parameters comprises the following steps:
the sampling tone of the song class is set to 4.0-5.0, the sampling tone of the national drama class is set to 4.5-5.0, and the sampling tone of the language class is set to 2.0-4.0;
the sampling volume of the songs is set to be 0.8-1.5, the sampling volume of the national drama is set to be 0.6-1.0, and the sampling volume of the languages is set to be 1.0-2.5;
when the purpose of digitally converting the steel wire audio file is playback restoration, the sampling frequency of the songs is set to be more than or equal to 48kHz, the sampling precision of the songs is set to be more than or equal to 16 bits, the sampling frequency of the Chinese folk drama is set to be more than or equal to 48kHz, the sampling precision of the Chinese folk drama is set to be more than or equal to 16 bits, the sampling frequency of the languages is set to be more than or equal to 44.1kHz, and the sampling precision of the languages is set to be more than or equal to 16 bits;
when the purpose of digitally converting the steel wire audio file is to perform digital restoration, the sampling frequency of the songs is set to be greater than or equal to 96kHz, the sampling precision of the songs is set to be greater than or equal to 24 bits, the sampling frequency of the Chinese folk drama is set to be greater than or equal to 96kHz, the sampling precision of the Chinese folk drama is set to be greater than or equal to 24 bits, the sampling frequency of the languages is set to be greater than or equal to 48kHz, and the sampling precision of the languages is set to be greater than or equal to 24 bits;
step 6.2: pressing a playing/rewinding toggle button, toggling a playing/rewinding toggle switch to a playing state, and starting playback collection;
step 6.3: during the playback acquisition process, a worker uses headphones to monitor whether the acquired audio signals are normal or not, and if abnormal reasons need to be found, the worker checks the reasons; if faults such as non-steel wire breakage and the like of interrupting playback occur, continuing sampling and recording until the work is completed, and then carrying out fault analysis and processing;
step 6.4: after playback is finished, pressing the playing/rewinding toggle button to toggle the playing/rewinding toggle switch to the middle position;
step 6.5: and after the white is left for 3 to 5 seconds, the sampling and recording functions of the audio software are closed.
Further, the step 7 includes the following steps:
step 7.1: using audio collection software to store audio content;
step 7.2: naming the digital file according to a naming rule;
step 7.3: and recording information of the acquisition process.
Further, the step 8 includes the following steps:
step 8.1: turning the volume knob to adjust the volume of the playback device to the lowest;
step 8.2: pressing a playing/rewinding toggle button to toggle the playing/rewinding toggle switch to a rewinding state;
step 8.3: waiting for rewinding to finish;
step 8.4: when rewinding is finished, the lead wire can stir the safety post to enable the playback equipment to be in a power-off state;
step 8.5: pressing the lead clamping pressing plate button to loosen the lead clamping pressing plate, and taking out the lead from the lead clamping pressing plate;
step 8.6: taking out the lead wires from the winding disc bayonet and the magnetic head notch respectively, and taking the steel wire recording tape out of the supply disc;
step 8.7: the lead wire is wound on the steel wire recording tape clockwise, and the lead wire head is fixed by the medical adhesive tape.
Further, the step 9 includes the following steps:
step 9.1: restoring the play/rewind toggle and the volume knob of the playback apparatus;
step 9.2: restoring the function knob on the acquisition card;
step 9.3: and rotating the tone knob to turn to a closing gear, and closing the power supply of the playback equipment.
Compared with the prior art, through the implementation of the invention, the following obvious technical effects are achieved:
1. the method for digitally converting the steel wire audio file can utilize the existing steel wire recorder to digitally convert the steel wire audio file with high efficiency and high quality;
2. the method for digitally converting the steel wire audio records provided by the invention greatly reduces the playing times of the steel wire audio files and protects the existing steel wire audio files to the maximum extent;
3. the method for digitally converting the steel wire recording can reduce harmonic distortion of sampled audio signals and improve the quality of converted audio.
The conception, specific structure, and technical effects of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings to fully understand the objects, features, and effects of the present invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the steps of a method for digitally converting a steel wire recording in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of a playback apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a rear view enlarged schematic diagram of a playback apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic front view of a playback apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the output interface of a playback apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph of the frequency response of a preferred embodiment of the present invention with a sampling frequency of 44.1 kHz;
fig. 7 is a graph of the frequency response of a preferred embodiment of the present invention with a sampling frequency of 48 kHz.
The device comprises a 1-magnetic head, a 2-magnetic head height scale, a 3-winding roll bayonet, a 4-lead clamping and pressing plate, a 5-lead clamping and pressing plate button, a 6-winding roll, a 7-playing/rewinding toggle button, an 8-playing/rewinding toggle switch, a 9-feeding roll, a 10-insurance column, an 11-magnetic head notch, a 12-volume knob, a 13-function knob, a 14-output channel knob, a 15-tone knob, a 16-output interface, a 161-positive terminal and a 162-grounding terminal.
Detailed Description
The following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention refers to the accompanying drawings, which make the technical contents thereof more clear and easy to understand. The present invention may be embodied in many different forms of embodiments and the scope of the present invention is not limited to only the embodiments described herein.
In the drawings, like structural elements are referred to by like reference numerals and components having similar structure or function are referred to by like reference numerals. The dimensions and thickness of each component shown in the drawings are arbitrarily shown, and the present invention is not limited to the dimensions and thickness of each component. The thickness of the components is exaggerated in some places in the drawings for clarity of illustration.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for digitally converting the steel wire recording provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:
step 1: pre-preparation of a digital conversion environment;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1.1: the environment temperature of the digital conversion workplace is controlled between 20 ℃ and 27 ℃, and the humidity is controlled between 55% and 70%;
step 1.2: the staff wears the dustproof clothes, the dustproof shoes, the dustproof caps, the medical plastic gloves and other devices;
step 1.3: the playback equipment is arranged on a stable working platform which is a solid rigid body and comprises a damping device;
step 1.4: the working platform is not provided with a noise source and a vibration source nearby; the noise standard value of the noise source is more than or equal to 70dB, and the vibration intensity of the vibration source is more than 0.71mm/s;
step 1.5: during digital sampling, the artificial touching of a workbench or conversion equipment is absolutely avoided, so that signal distortion caused by vibration is prevented.
Step 2: installing and configuring conversion equipment; the conversion equipment comprises playback equipment, an acquisition card, a computer, a monitoring earphone, an audio line and a temperature control system;
model 288-1R of playback equipment, brand Webster-Chicago, power requirement 120V,60Hz, as shown in figure 2, figure 3 and figure 4, including output interface 16, tone knob 15, function knob 13, output channel knob 14, volume knob 12, play/rewind toggle button 7, play/rewind toggle switch 8, reel 6, magnetic head 1, magnetic head height scale 2, magnetic head notch 11, reel bayonet 3, lead clamping plate button 5, lead clamping plate 4, supply reel 9 and insurance post 10;
the temperature control system comprises a first temperature detection device, a second temperature detection device and a mute cold and hot air blower, wherein the first temperature detection device and the second temperature detection device adopt Lei Tai RAYTEK MT4 infrared thermometers;
the acquisition card adopts RME Fireface UFX;
the audio line adopts SREXACT-SVC675 professional low-noise microphone cable (polyvinyl chloride PVC coating, net woven 16X9 shielding layers, shielding rate of more than 95%, and OFC oxygen-free copper conductor of more than 60/0.10.99.97%); neutrk-NP2X professional large two-core TS plug (Nickel plated contact, nickel plated housing);
under the condition of ensuring that the playback device has normal working conditions, the step 2 specifically comprises the following steps:
step 2.1: the tone knob 15 of the playback apparatus is turned to the off state, and the power supply of the playback apparatus is turned to the off state;
step 2.2: connecting the acquisition card with a computer, configuring the acquisition card into a standby state, and enabling all buttons of the acquisition card to be in an initial state;
step 2.3: inserting the positive electrode of the first end of the audio line and the ground wire into the positive electrode 161 and the ground 162 of the output interface 16 respectively, as shown in fig. 5, and satisfying the terminal standard that the metal part of the connector of the audio line is inserted into the corresponding port and fixed stably, wherein the judgment standard of the fixed stability is that the audio line is pulled by a force greater than 3N and less than 6N, and the connector is not loosened;
step 2.4: the second end of the audio line is connected with the input end of the acquisition card, and the terminal standard is met;
step 2.5: connecting the monitoring earphone with the acquisition card;
step 2.6: connecting a first temperature detection device and a mute cold and hot air blower, wherein the first temperature detection device is configured to detect the temperature of the magnetic head notch 11; the second temperature detection device is connected with the mute air cooler and heater, the second temperature detection device is configured to detect the surface temperature of the steel wire at the inlet of the magnetic head 1, the surface temperature of the steel wire at the inlet of the magnetic head 1 is kept in a first temperature control range, the first temperature control range is 25-27 ℃, when the surface temperature of the steel wire at the inlet of the magnetic head 1 is not in the first temperature control range, the mute air cooler and heater can be automatically started until the surface temperature of the steel wire at the inlet of the magnetic head 1 is kept in the first temperature control range, the mute air cooler and heater is stopped, and when the mute air cooler and heater is started, the air outlet is not right against the steel wire at the inlet of the magnetic head 1.
Step 3: preheating the playback equipment; switching on the power supply of the playback device, rotating the tone knob 15, turning on the power supply of the playback device, preheating the playback device for 15-25 minutes, and the standard of preheating completion is that the temperature change of the head notch 11 is less than 0.4 ℃ within a time period of 5 minutes or more, preferably 6 minutes in the embodiment; when the temperature of the magnetic head notch 11 is more than or equal to 35 ℃, the mute cold and hot air machine can be started automatically until the temperature of the magnetic head notch 11 is less than or equal to 26 ℃, the mute cold and hot air machine is stopped, and when the mute cold and hot air machine is started, the air outlet is not right opposite to the magnetic head notch 11.
Step 4: installing a steel wire belt;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 4.1: when the glove is worn, the whole installation process avoids the direct touching of the steel wires by two hands;
step 4.2: checking whether rust exists in the steel wire belt or whether a lead is lost, and removing rust from the steel wire belt; the wire belt with missing leads needs to be connected with the leads firstly;
step 4.3: pressing a play/rewind toggle button 7 to toggle a play/rewind toggle switch 8 to a rewind state;
step 4.4: rotating the winding roll 6 to enable the magnetic head 1 to move upwards until the magnetic head is leveled with the top end of the magnetic head height scale 2;
step 4.5: placing the steel wire disc on a wire supply disc 9, and pulling out the steel wire lead in a clockwise direction;
step 4.6: the steel wire passes through the magnetic head notch 11, and the lead wire passes through the winding roll bayonet 3; the lead clamping and pressing plate button 5 is pressed to lift the lead clamping and pressing plate 4, so that the lead passes through the lead clamping and pressing plate 4, and the lead clamping and pressing plate button 5 is loosened to clamp the lead; if the lead is too long, the steel wire does not enter the magnetic head notch 11 yet, and the winding drum 6 can be rotated clockwise after the lead is clamped until the steel wire touches the magnetic head notch 11;
step 4.7: adjusting the wire supply disc 9 to enable the steel wire to be in a straightening state;
step 4.8: toggle switch 8 toggles play/rewind to the neutral position.
Step 5: adjusting test sound;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 5.1: turning the tone knob 15, turning on the playback apparatus power, and turning the knob to an appropriate gear;
step 5.2: toggle the function knob 13 to the listening position;
step 5.3: turning the output channel knob 14 to a corresponding gear according to the output port accessed by the audio line in step 2.3;
step 5.4: the volume knob 12 is turned until the volume is clear for the staff to hear normally;
step 5.5: pressing a play/rewind toggle button 7, toggling a play/rewind toggle switch 8 to a play state, and starting playback;
step 5.6: during the sound test, a worker should confirm whether the audio signal normally enters the earphone and the acquisition software, and if abnormality occurs, the worker needs to check;
step 5.7: rotating the volume knob 12 to control the volume until the peak value of the level amplitude of the collected audio signal is less than-3 dB, and the average value of the level amplitude RMS is between-30 dB and-10 dB; if the level amplitude peak value of the collected audio still does not reach-20 dB when the volume knob 12 is adjusted to the maximum, a gain knob on the collection card is adjusted to gain, and the gain amplitude is not more than 15dB;
step 5.8: the test time is not more than 3 minutes, the rewinding is carried out after the test is successful, and the tuning parameters of the playback equipment, the acquisition card and the sampling recording software are kept unchanged.
Step 6: collecting playback; configuring sampling parameters according to different contents of the steel wire recording tape to be sampled, wherein the sampling parameters comprise sampling frequency, sampling precision, sampling tone and sampling volume;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 6.1: opening audio acquisition software Adobe audio 3.0, dividing the content of the steel wire recording tape to be sampled into three types of songs, chinese ethnic and national drama types and languages according to the content of the steel wire recording tape to be sampled, and respectively setting the sampling frequency, the sampling precision, the sampling tone and the sampling volume of different content types of the steel wire recording tape; recording and collecting after leaving white for 3-5 seconds; the preferred configuration of the sampling parameters of this embodiment is as follows:
the sampling tone of the song class is set to 4.0-5.0, the preferred embodiment is 4.5, the sampling tone of the national drama class of China is set to 4.5-5.0, the preferred embodiment is 4.7, the sampling tone of the language class is set to 2.0-4.0, the preferred embodiment is 3.0;
the sampling volume of the song class is set to 0.8-1.5, the preferred embodiment is 1.0, the sampling volume of the national drama class of China is set to 0.6-1.0, the preferred embodiment is 0.8, and the sampling volume of the language class is set to 1.0-2.5, the preferred embodiment is 1.5;
when the purpose of digitally converting the steel wire audio file is playback restoration, the sampling frequency of songs is set to 48kHz, the sampling precision of songs is set to 16 bits, the sampling frequency of Chinese national folk drama is set to 48kHz, the sampling precision of Chinese national folk drama is set to 16 bits, the sampling frequency of languages is set to 44.1kHz, and the sampling precision of languages is set to 16 bits;
when the purpose of digitally converting the steel wire audio file is to carry out digital restoration, the sampling frequency of songs is set to 96kHz, the sampling precision of songs is set to 24 bits, the sampling frequency of Chinese national folk drama is set to 96kHz, the sampling precision of Chinese national folk drama is set to 24 bits, the sampling frequency of languages is set to 48kHz, and the sampling precision of languages is set to 24 bits;
step 6.2: pressing a play/rewind toggle button 7, toggling a play/rewind toggle switch 8 to a play state, and starting playback collection;
step 6.3: during the playback acquisition process, a worker uses headphones to monitor whether the acquired audio signals are normal or not, and if abnormal reasons need to be found, the worker checks the reasons; if faults such as non-steel wire breakage and the like of interrupting playback occur, continuing sampling and recording until the work is completed, and then carrying out fault analysis and processing;
step 6.4: after playback is finished, the playing/rewinding toggle button 7 is pressed, and the playing/rewinding toggle switch 8 is toggled to the middle position;
step 6.5: and after the white is left for 3 to 5 seconds, the sampling and recording functions of the audio software are closed.
Step 7: storing data;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 7.1: using audio acquisition software Adobe audio 3.0 to store audio content, wherein the format of a digital file is wav; the digital file is encoded as Windows PCM;
step 7.2: naming the digital file according to a naming rule;
step 7.3: recording information of the acquisition process; the recorded content comprises metadata of a steel wire belt, metadata of playback equipment, acquisition equipment and parameters, acquisition time and operators; the metadata of the steel wire belt comprises brands, materials and appearance characters; playback device metadata includes make, model;
step 8: rewinding and restoring;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 8.1: turning the volume knob 12 to turn the volume of the playback device to a minimum;
step 8.2: pressing a play/rewind toggle button 7 to toggle a play/rewind toggle switch 8 to a rewind state;
step 8.3: waiting for rewinding to finish;
step 8.4: when rewinding is finished, the lead can stir the safety post 10 to enable the playback equipment to be in a power-off state;
step 8.5: pressing the lead clamping and pressing plate button 5 to loosen the lead clamping and pressing plate 4, and taking out the lead from the lead clamping and pressing plate 4;
step 8.6: taking out the leads from the winding roll bayonet 3 and the magnetic head notch 11 respectively, and taking out the steel wire recording tape from the wire supply roll 9;
step 8.7: the lead wire is wound on the steel wire recording tape clockwise, and the lead wire head is fixed on the paper surface of the brand label by the medical adhesive tape.
Step 9: the digital conversion work is completed;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 9.1: restoring the play/rewind toggle switch and volume knob 12 of the playback apparatus;
step 9.2: restoring the function knob 13 on the acquisition card;
step 9.3: the tone knob 15 is rotated to turn to the off-gear position, turning off the power supply of the playback apparatus.
By adopting the method of the embodiment, four times of sampling are carried out on the first group of samples, the hardware environment, sampling parameters and software tools of the four times of sampling are the same, and the audio sampling results when the surface temperature of the steel wire is controlled at 4 different temperatures are shown in table 1;
by adopting the method of the embodiment, four times of sampling are carried out on the second group of samples, the hardware environment, sampling parameters and software tools of the four times of sampling are the same, and the audio sampling results when the surface temperature of the steel wire is controlled at 4 different temperatures are shown in table 2;
TABLE 1 influence of surface temperature variations of a first set of sample wires on digitally sampled audio signals
| Sequence number | Statistics item names | Sample 1 | Sample 2 | Sample 3 | Sample 4 |
| 1 | Surface temperature of steel wire | 26.4℃ | 27.8℃ | 28.4℃ | 28.8℃ |
| 2 | Minimum sampling value | -20882 | -16344 | -15270 | -9880 |
| 3 | Maximum sampling value | 19748 | 16754 | 10642 | 8403 |
| 4 | Peak amplitude value | -3.90dB | -5.82dB | -6.62dB | -10.40dB |
| 5 | Sampling of possible overflows | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 6 | DC offset | 0％ | 0％ | 0％ | 0％ |
| 7 | RMS minimum value | -117.59dB | -136.97dB | -132.50dB | -134.53dB |
| 8 | Maximum RMS value | -7.47dB | -10.04dB | -13.44dB | -15.70dB |
| 9 | RMS average | -13.94dB | 16.44dB | -19.50dB | -21.59dB |
| 10 | RMS total | -13.16dB | 15.66dB | -18.75dB | -20.85dB |
TABLE 2 influence of surface temperature variations of the second set of sample wires on the digitally sampled audio signal
| Sequence number | Statistics item names | Sample 1 | Sample 2 | Sample 3 | Sample 4 |
| 1 | Surface temperature of steel wire | 26.6℃ | 29.2℃ | 31.2℃ | 32.8℃ |
| 2 | Minimum sampling value | -22408 | -14517 | -12647 | -9614 |
| 3 | Maximum sampling value | 21351 | 13899 | 10897 | 8582 |
| 4 | Peak amplitude value | -3.29dB | -7.06dB | -8.26dB | -10.64dB |
| 5 | Sampling of possible overflows | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 6 | DC offset | 0％ | 0％ | 0％ | 0％ |
| 7 | RMS minimum value | -115.26dB | -128.77dB | -125.25dB | -134.76dB |
| 8 | Maximum RMS value | -6.65dB | -11.21dB | -13.71dB | -15.68dB |
| 9 | RMS average | -13.32dB | -17.36dB | -19.82dB | -21.54dB |
| 10 | RMS total | -12.52dB | 16.60dB | -19.06dB | -20.80dB |
By adopting the method of the embodiment, the sampling frequency is 44.1kHz, the frequency response diagrams with the sampling precision of 8 bits and 16 bits are shown in fig. 6, the sampling frequency is 48kHz, the frequency response diagrams with the sampling precision of 16 bits and 24 bits are shown in fig. 7, and the frequency response curves with the sampling precision of 8 bits are obvious in fluctuation and have serious frequency distortion as shown in fig. 6 and 7; the curves with the sampling precision of 16bit and 24bit are basically consistent, and no obvious difference exists; in particular, the frequency response is substantially a straight line around the frequency (3 kHz) at which the human ear is most sensitive.
By adopting the method of this embodiment, the effects on the total harmonic distortion when the sampling frequency is 44.1kHz, the sampling precision is 8bit and 16bit respectively, and the effects on the harmonic distortion when the sampling frequency is 48kHz, the sampling precision is 16bit and 24bi respectively are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 influence of sampling frequency and sampling precision on Total harmonic distortion
| 44.1kHz/8bit | 44.1kHz/16bit | 48kHz/16bit | 48kHz/24bit | |
| Total harmonic distortion% | 68.918 | 0.00238 | 0.00226 | 0.00236 |
| Intermodulation distortion,% | 64.143 | 0.00820 | 0.00816 | 0.00621 |
The same sampling parameters and the difference of the contents of different steel wire tapes are shown in tables 4, 5 and 6 by adopting the method of the embodiment.
Table 4 comparison of the sample content of the third set of samples with the differences in the sample parameters
Table 5 comparison of the sample content of the fourth set of samples with the differences in the sample parameters
Table 6 comparison of sample content of the fifth set of samples with differences in the sampling parameters
The level amplitude of the RMS index sampled audio signals in tables 4, 5 and 6, the average value of RMS is controlled between-30 dB and-10 dB, the sampling quality and the listening effect are ideal, and as can be seen from tables 4, 5 and 6, the unused sampling parameters should be configured according to the content of the wire tape to be sampled.
The foregoing describes in detail preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations can be made in accordance with the concepts of the invention without requiring creative effort by one of ordinary skill in the art. Therefore, all technical solutions which can be obtained by logic analysis, reasoning or limited experiments based on the prior art by the person skilled in the art according to the inventive concept shall be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for digitally converting a steel wire recording, comprising the steps of:
step 1: pre-preparation of a digital conversion environment;
step 2: installing and configuring conversion equipment; the conversion equipment comprises playback equipment, an acquisition card, a computer, a monitoring earphone, an audio line and a temperature control system; the playback device comprises an output interface, a tone knob, a function knob, an output channel knob, a volume knob, a playing/rewinding toggle button, a playing/rewinding toggle switch, a winding disc, a magnetic head height scale, a magnetic head notch, a winding disc bayonet, a lead clamping pressing plate button, a lead clamping pressing plate, a supply disc and a safety post;
step 3: preheating the playback equipment;
step 4: installing a steel wire belt;
step 5: adjusting test sound;
step 6: collecting playback;
configuring sampling parameters according to different contents of the steel wire recording tape to be sampled, wherein the sampling parameters comprise sampling frequency, sampling precision, sampling tone and sampling volume;
step 7: storing data;
step 8: rewinding and restoring;
step 9: the digital conversion work is completed;
the temperature control system is used for controlling the temperature of the magnetic head notch and the surface temperature of the steel wire at the magnetic head inlet, and comprises a first temperature detection device, a second temperature detection device and a mute cold and hot air blower, wherein the first temperature detection device and the second temperature detection device adopt Lei Tai RAYTEK MT4 infrared thermometers, the first temperature detection device is configured to detect the temperature of the magnetic head notch, the second temperature detection device is configured to detect the surface temperature of the steel wire at the magnetic head inlet, the surface temperature of the steel wire at the magnetic head inlet is kept in a first temperature control range, the first temperature control range is 25-27 ℃, and when the surface temperature of the steel wire at the magnetic head inlet is not in the first temperature control range, the mute cold and hot air blower is automatically started until the surface temperature of the steel wire at the magnetic head inlet is kept in the first temperature control range, and then the mute cold and hot air blower is stopped.
2. The method for digitally converting a wire record of claim 1, wherein said step 1 comprises the steps of:
step 1.1: the environment temperature of the digital conversion workplace is controlled between 20 ℃ and 27 ℃, and the humidity is controlled between 55% and 70%;
step 1.2: the staff wears the dustproof clothes, the dustproof shoes, the dustproof caps and the medical plastic gloves;
step 1.3: the playback equipment is arranged on a stable working platform, the working platform is a solid rigid body, and the working platform comprises a damping device;
step 1.4: the working platform is not provided with a noise source and a vibration source nearby; the noise standard value of the noise source is more than or equal to 70dB, and the vibration intensity of the vibration source is more than 0.71mm/s;
step 1.5: during digital sampling, the artificial touching of a workbench or conversion equipment is absolutely avoided, so that signal distortion caused by vibration is prevented.
3. The method for digitally converting a wire record of claim 1, wherein said step 2 comprises the steps of:
step 2.1: the tone knob of the playback device is turned to a closed state, and the power supply of the playback device is turned to the closed state;
step 2.2: connecting the acquisition card with the computer, wherein the acquisition card is configured to be in a standby state, and all buttons of the acquisition card are in an initial state;
step 2.3: inserting a positive electrode and a grounding wire at a first end of the audio wire into a positive electrode end and a grounding end of the output interface respectively, and meeting a wiring terminal standard, wherein the wiring terminal standard is that metal parts of a connector of the audio wire are all inserted into corresponding ports and are fixed and stable;
step 2.4: accessing a second end of the audio line to an input end of the acquisition card, and meeting a wiring terminal standard;
step 2.5: connecting the monitoring earphone with the acquisition card;
step 2.6: and connecting the temperature control system.
4. The method for digitally converting a wire record of claim 1, wherein said step 3 comprises the steps of: turning on the power supply of the playback device, rotating the tone knob, turning on the power supply of the playback device, preheating the playback device for 15-25 minutes, wherein the preheating is completed within a time period of 5 minutes or more, and the temperature change of the notch of the magnetic head is less than 0.4 ℃; when the temperature of the magnetic head notch is more than or equal to 35 ℃, the temperature control system is automatically started until the temperature of the magnetic head notch is less than or equal to 26 ℃, and then the temperature control system is stopped.
5. The method for digitally converting a wire record of claim 1, wherein said step 4 comprises the steps of:
step 4.1: when the glove is worn, the whole installation process avoids the direct touching of the steel wires by two hands;
step 4.2: checking whether rust exists in the steel wire belt or whether a lead is lost, wherein rust exists in the steel wire belt, and rust removal is needed; the wire strip with missing leads needs to be connected with the leads firstly;
step 4.3: pressing a playing/rewinding toggle button to toggle the playing/rewinding toggle switch to a rewinding state;
step 4.4: rotating the winding roll to enable the magnetic head to move upwards until the magnetic head is leveled with the top end of the magnetic head height scale;
step 4.5: placing the steel wire disc on the wire supply disc, and pulling out the steel wire lead in the clockwise direction;
step 4.6: the steel wire passes through the magnetic head notch, and the lead wire passes through the winding roll bayonet; the lead clamping pressing plate button is pressed to lift the lead clamping pressing plate, so that a lead passes through the lead clamping pressing plate from below, and the lead clamping pressing plate button is loosened to clamp the lead;
step 4.7: adjusting the wire supply disc to enable the steel wire to be in a straightening state;
step 4.8: and the toggle switch for toggling the playing/rewinding to the middle position.
6. A method of digitally converting a wire record as claimed in claim 3 wherein said step 5 comprises the steps of:
step 5.1: turning the tone knob, starting the power supply of the playback equipment, and turning the knob to a proper gear;
step 5.2: the function knob is shifted to a listening gear;
step 5.3: according to the output interface accessed by the audio line in the step 2.3, rotating the output channel knob to a corresponding gear;
step 5.4: the volume knob is rotated until the volume is clear for the staff;
step 5.5: pressing a playing/rewinding toggle button, toggling a playing/rewinding toggle switch to a playing state, and starting playing;
step 5.6: during the sound test, a worker should confirm whether the audio signal normally enters the earphone and the acquisition software, and if abnormality occurs, the worker needs to check;
step 5.7: rotating the volume knob to control the volume until the peak value of the level amplitude of the collected audio signal is less than-3 dB, and the average value of the level amplitude RMS is between-30 dB and-10 dB; if the level amplitude peak value of the collected audio still does not reach-20 dB when the volume knob is adjusted to the maximum, a gain knob on the collection card is adjusted to gain, and the gain amplitude is not more than 15dB;
step 5.8: and the test time is not more than 3 minutes, rewinding and restoring are carried out after the test is successful, and the tuning parameters of the playback equipment, the acquisition card and the sampling recording software are kept unchanged.
7. The method for digitally converting a wire record of claim 1, wherein said step 6 comprises the steps of:
step 6.1: opening audio collection software, dividing the content of the steel wire recording tape to be sampled into three types of songs, chinese ethnic drama and languages according to the content of the steel wire recording tape to be sampled, and respectively setting the sampling frequency, the sampling precision, the sampling tone and the sampling volume for recording and collecting the content types of different steel wire recording tapes; the configuration method of the sampling parameters comprises the following steps:
the sampling tone of the song class is set to 4.0-5.0, the sampling tone of the national drama class is set to 4.5-5.0, and the sampling tone of the language class is set to 2.0-4.0;
the sampling volume of the songs is set to be 0.8-1.5, the sampling volume of the national drama is set to be 0.6-1.0, and the sampling volume of the languages is set to be 1.0-2.5;
when the purpose of digitally converting the steel wire audio file is playback restoration, the sampling frequency of the songs is set to be more than or equal to 48kHz, the sampling precision of the songs is set to be more than or equal to 16 bits, the sampling frequency of the Chinese folk drama is set to be more than or equal to 48kHz, the sampling precision of the Chinese folk drama is set to be more than or equal to 16 bits, the sampling frequency of the languages is set to be more than or equal to 44.1kHz, and the sampling precision of the languages is set to be more than or equal to 16 bits;
when the purpose of digitally converting the steel wire audio file is to perform digital restoration, the sampling frequency of the songs is set to be greater than or equal to 96kHz, the sampling precision of the songs is set to be greater than or equal to 24 bits, the sampling frequency of the Chinese folk drama is set to be greater than or equal to 96kHz, the sampling precision of the Chinese folk drama is set to be greater than or equal to 24 bits, the sampling frequency of the languages is set to be greater than or equal to 48kHz, and the sampling precision of the languages is set to be greater than or equal to 24 bits;
step 6.2: pressing a playing/rewinding toggle button, toggling a playing/rewinding toggle switch to a playing state, and starting playback collection;
step 6.3: during the playback acquisition process, a worker uses headphones to monitor whether the acquired audio signals are normal or not, and if abnormal reasons need to be found, the worker checks the reasons; if the fault of interrupting playback due to non-steel wire breakage occurs, continuing sampling and recording until the work is completed, and then carrying out fault analysis and processing;
step 6.4: after playback is finished, pressing the playing/rewinding toggle button to toggle the playing/rewinding toggle switch to the middle position;
step 6.5: and after the white is left for 3 to 5 seconds, the sampling and recording functions of the audio software are closed.
8. The method for digitally converting a wire record of claim 1, wherein said step 7 comprises the steps of:
step 7.1: using audio collection software to store audio content;
step 7.2: naming the digital file according to a naming rule;
step 7.3: and recording information of the acquisition process.
9. The method for digitally converting a wire record of claim 1, wherein said step 8 comprises the steps of:
step 8.1: turning the volume knob to adjust the volume of the playback device to the lowest;
step 8.2: pressing a playing/rewinding toggle button to toggle the playing/rewinding toggle switch to a rewinding state;
step 8.3: waiting for rewinding to finish;
step 8.4: when rewinding is finished, the lead wire can stir the safety post to enable the playback equipment to be in a power-off state;
step 8.5: pressing the lead clamping pressing plate button to loosen the lead clamping pressing plate, and taking out the lead from the lead clamping pressing plate;
step 8.6: taking out the lead wires from the winding disc bayonet and the magnetic head notch respectively, and taking the steel wire recording tape out of the supply disc;
step 8.7: the lead wire is wound on the steel wire recording tape clockwise, and the lead wire head is fixed by the medical adhesive tape.
10. The method for digitally converting a wire record of claim 1, wherein said step 9 comprises the steps of:
step 9.1: restoring the play/rewind toggle and the volume knob of the playback apparatus;
step 9.2: restoring the function knob on the acquisition card;
step 9.3: and rotating the tone knob to turn to a closing gear, and closing the power supply of the playback equipment.
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| US20040223553A1 (en) * | 2003-02-07 | 2004-11-11 | Kumar Derek D. | Method and system for wireless audio transmission using low bit-weight words |
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