CN110174687B - Cloud water path acquisition method and device - Google Patents
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- CN110174687B CN110174687B CN201910439834.5A CN201910439834A CN110174687B CN 110174687 B CN110174687 B CN 110174687B CN 201910439834 A CN201910439834 A CN 201910439834A CN 110174687 B CN110174687 B CN 110174687B
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for acquiring a cloud water path, which comprise the steps of selecting at least one target area; acquiring a space-time continuous three-dimensional cloud water field corresponding to each target area; the three-dimensional cloud water field is used for describing the cloud water content corresponding to the cloud of the vertical space corresponding to the target area; acquiring at least one target atmosphere column in each three-dimensional cloud water field; and vertically integrating the cloud water content of the cloud in each target atmosphere column to obtain the cloud water path of the target atmosphere column. In order to acquire the cloud water path, the invention also discloses an acquisition strategy of a related three-dimensional cloud water field, and the cloud water path acquisition method provided by the invention can give a space-time continuous cloud water content three-dimensional distribution result on the basis of acquiring the three-dimensional cloud water field, which cannot be achieved by conventional and special observation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of data analysis, in particular to a cloud water path acquisition method and device.
Background
The cloud field in the atmosphere is closely related to the aspects of cloud radiation characteristics, precipitation mechanism, precipitation efficiency and the like, and has great research value. Satellite observation, aircraft observation and ground cloud radar are main means for carrying out cloud-related research in the prior art.
However, at present, a space-time continuous three-dimensional cloud field observation result of a region cannot be obtained based on satellite observation. Aircraft observation, as the most direct through-the-cloud detection, can only give the characteristics of the cloud along the flight path. Although the ground cloud radar can provide aerial time continuous cloud vertical structure observation on an observation station, an observation network is not formed at present, and the distribution and the evolution of a three-dimensional time-varying cloud field and a cloud water field are difficult to obtain.
The cloud is discontinuous in space and time, and the prior art lacks a system observation means, so that the distribution of a three-dimensional cloud field and a cloud water field is difficult to obtain, and an accurate cloud water path cannot be obtained.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a method and a device for acquiring a cloud water path. The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
in one aspect, a cloud water path acquisition method includes:
selecting at least one target area;
acquiring a space-time continuous three-dimensional cloud water field corresponding to each target area; the three-dimensional cloud water field is used for describing the cloud water content corresponding to the cloud of the vertical space corresponding to the target area;
acquiring at least one target atmosphere column in each three-dimensional cloud water field;
and vertically integrating the cloud water content of the cloud in each target atmosphere column to obtain the cloud water path of the target atmosphere column.
Further, the obtaining of the space-time continuous three-dimensional cloud water field corresponding to each target area includes:
acquiring a space-time continuous three-dimensional cloud field corresponding to each target area;
performing the following operations for each three-dimensional cloud field:
classifying each cloud in the three-dimensional cloud farm to obtain a cloud class of the cloud;
calculating the water content corresponding to each cloud in the three-dimensional cloud field according to the cloud class of the cloud and the temperature corresponding to the cloud;
and obtaining a three-dimensional cloud water field corresponding to the three-dimensional cloud field according to the water content corresponding to each cloud.
Further, the acquiring of the space-time continuous three-dimensional cloud field corresponding to each target region includes:
acquiring atmosphere reanalysis data, including an atmosphere temperature field, an atmosphere humidity field and a potential height field which are distributed in three dimensions and correspond to a target area;
constructing a three-dimensional coordinate system for describing a three-dimensional cloud field, and setting a virtual lattice point set in the three-dimensional coordinate system;
classifying the virtual grid points with the same plane coordinate position into a group, and forming a virtual grid point sequence by the virtual grid points of each group according to the increasing order of potential height;
acquiring a target virtual grid point sequence corresponding to the virtual grid point sequence, wherein the potential altitude of target virtual grid points in the target virtual grid point sequence is higher than the surface potential altitude of the target virtual grid points;
acquiring a target cloud vertical structure corresponding to the target virtual grid point sequence according to the atmospheric temperature field and the atmospheric humidity field;
and obtaining a three-dimensional cloud field according to the target cloud vertical structures corresponding to the target virtual grid point sequences corresponding to the groups.
Further, the classifying each cloud in the three-dimensional cloud field to obtain a cloud class of the cloud includes:
classifying each cloud according to preset cloud classification logic, wherein the cloud classification logic divides the cloud into a layered cloud and a convection cloud;
the calculating the water content corresponding to each cloud in the three-dimensional cloud field according to the cloud class of the cloud and the temperature corresponding to the cloud comprises:
obtaining the water content corresponding to each cloud according to a pre-constructed cloud water content mapping relation; the cloud water content mapping relation comprises a one-to-one correspondence relation between two-dimensional data pairs formed by cloud types and temperatures corresponding to clouds and cloud water content.
Further, the method also comprises a step of pre-constructing a cloud water content mapping relation, wherein the pre-constructing the cloud water content mapping relation comprises the following steps:
aggregating the various cloud classes to obtain a laminar cloud class and a convective cloud class;
performing statistical analysis on each cloud belonging to the layered cloud category according to the existing meteorological data to obtain a first cloud water mapping relation and a second cloud water mapping relation, wherein the first cloud water mapping relation records the mapping relation between the temperature of the layered cloud and the liquid water content in the layered cloud, and the second cloud water mapping relation records the mapping relation between the temperature of the layered cloud and the ice water content in the layered cloud;
and carrying out statistical analysis on each cloud belonging to the convection cloud category according to the existing meteorological data to obtain a third cloud water mapping relation and a fourth cloud water mapping relation, wherein the third cloud water mapping relation records the mapping relation between the temperature of the convection cloud and the liquid water content in the convection cloud, and the fourth cloud water mapping relation records the mapping relation between the temperature of the convection cloud and the ice water content in the convection cloud.
Further, still include:
constructing a cloud water content two-dimensional coordinate system by taking the cloud water content as a horizontal coordinate and the temperature as a vertical coordinate;
and expressing the first cloud water mapping relation, the second cloud water mapping relation, the third cloud water mapping relation and the fourth cloud water mapping relation in the cloud water content two-dimensional coordinate system.
Further, the obtaining of the water content corresponding to each cloud according to the pre-constructed cloud water content mapping relationship includes:
if the cloud is a layered cloud and only liquid water exists in the cloud, calculating the water content corresponding to the cloud according to the first cloud water mapping relation;
if the cloud is a layered cloud and only ice water exists in the cloud, calculating the water content corresponding to the cloud according to the second cloud water mapping relation;
if the cloud is a layered cloud and ice water and liquid water exist in the cloud, calculating a first water content corresponding to the cloud according to the first cloud water mapping relation; calculating a second water content corresponding to the cloud according to the second cloud water mapping relation; adding the first water content and the second water content to obtain the water content corresponding to the cloud;
if the cloud is a convection cloud and only liquid water exists in the cloud, calculating the water content corresponding to the cloud according to the third cloud water mapping relation;
if the cloud is a convection cloud and only ice water exists in the cloud, calculating the water content corresponding to the cloud according to the fourth cloud water mapping relation;
if the cloud is a convection cloud and ice water and liquid water exist in the cloud, calculating a third water content corresponding to the cloud according to the third cloud water mapping relation; calculating a fourth water content corresponding to the cloud according to the fourth cloud water mapping relation; and adding the third water content and the fourth water content to obtain the water content corresponding to the cloud.
In another aspect, a cloud water path acquisition apparatus includes:
the target area selection module is used for selecting at least one target area;
the three-dimensional cloud water field acquisition module is used for acquiring a space-time continuous three-dimensional cloud water field corresponding to each target area; the three-dimensional cloud water field is used for describing the cloud water content corresponding to the cloud of the vertical space corresponding to the target area;
the target atmosphere column acquisition module is used for acquiring at least one target atmosphere column in each three-dimensional cloud water field;
and the cloud water path calculation module is used for performing vertical integration on the cloud water content of the cloud in each target atmosphere column to obtain the cloud water path of the target atmosphere column.
Further, the three-dimensional cloud water field acquisition module comprises:
the three-dimensional cloud field acquisition unit is used for acquiring a space-time continuous three-dimensional cloud field corresponding to each target area;
a cloud classification dividing unit that classifies each cloud in the three-dimensional cloud field to obtain a cloud classification of the cloud;
the water content calculation unit is used for calculating the water content corresponding to each cloud in the three-dimensional cloud field according to the cloud category of the cloud and the temperature corresponding to the cloud;
and the cloud water field generating unit is used for obtaining the three-dimensional cloud water field corresponding to the three-dimensional cloud field according to the water content corresponding to each cloud.
Further, the three-dimensional cloud field acquisition unit includes:
the three-field acquisition unit is used for acquiring atmosphere reanalysis data, including an atmospheric temperature field, an atmospheric humidity field and a potential height field which are distributed in three dimensions and correspond to the target area;
the coordinate system construction unit is used for constructing a three-dimensional coordinate system for describing a three-dimensional cloud field, and a virtual grid point set is set in the three-dimensional coordinate system;
the virtual grid point sequence acquisition unit is used for classifying the virtual grid points with the same plane coordinate position into one group, and the virtual grid points of each group form a virtual grid point sequence according to the ascending order of the altitude;
a target virtual grid point sequence obtaining unit, configured to obtain a target virtual grid point sequence corresponding to the virtual grid point sequence, where a potential height of a target virtual grid point in the target virtual grid point sequence is higher than a surface potential height of the target virtual grid point;
the cloud vertical structure acquisition unit is used for acquiring a target cloud vertical structure corresponding to the target virtual grid point sequence according to the atmospheric temperature field and the atmospheric humidity field;
and the three-dimensional cloud field diagnosis unit is used for obtaining a three-dimensional cloud field according to the target cloud vertical structures corresponding to the target virtual grid point sequences corresponding to the groups.
The embodiment of the invention provides a cloud water path obtaining method and device, a three-dimensional cloud field with high accuracy is obtained through double-satellite combined observation, clouds in the three-dimensional cloud field are classified to count the content of the cloud water, the three-dimensional cloud water field is further obtained, and a cloud water path is obtained based on a diagnosis result of the three-dimensional cloud water field. The method can provide space-time continuous cloud and cloud water content distribution results and further provide a cloud water path. The method is impossible to achieve by conventional and special observation, and relevant experiments prove that the cloud water path obtained by the method provided by the invention is accurate and reliable and has high goodness of fit with actual observation results.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a cloud water path acquisition method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of obtaining a space-time continuous three-dimensional cloud water field corresponding to each target area according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flow chart of obtaining a space-time continuous three-dimensional cloud field corresponding to each target region according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of obtaining a target cloud vertical structure corresponding to the target virtual grid point sequence according to the atmospheric temperature field and the atmospheric humidity field according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram for determining whether each target virtual grid point in the target virtual grid point sequence has a cloud according to the atmospheric temperature field and the atmospheric humidity field according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating how frequently clouds in china appear according to observation of two satellites in 2007-2010 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph of percent increase samples as a function of temperature provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a flow chart of a pre-constructed cloud water content mapping relationship provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic illustration of the vertical distribution of average water content in a convective cloud and a laminar cloud as provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a 2001-2009 diagnostic cloud water path diagram provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 11 is a diagram of a CERES satellite inversion cloud path provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a block diagram of a cloud water path obtaining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a block diagram of a three-dimensional cloud water field acquisition module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14 is a block diagram of a three-dimensional cloud field acquisition unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a cloud water path obtaining method, as shown in fig. 1, including:
s101, selecting at least one target area.
S103, acquiring a space-time continuous three-dimensional cloud water field corresponding to each target area; the three-dimensional cloud water field is used for describing the cloud water content corresponding to the cloud of the vertical space corresponding to the target area.
In a possible embodiment, the obtaining of the space-time continuous three-dimensional cloud water field corresponding to each target area is shown in fig. 2, and includes:
and S1031, acquiring a space-time continuous three-dimensional cloud field corresponding to each target area.
Specifically, the obtaining of the space-time continuous three-dimensional cloud field corresponding to each target region, as shown in fig. 3, includes:
and S10311, obtaining atmosphere reanalysis data, wherein the atmosphere reanalysis data comprises an atmosphere temperature field, an atmosphere humidity field and a potential height field which are distributed in a three-dimensional manner.
And S10313, constructing a three-dimensional coordinate system for describing the three-dimensional cloud field, and setting a virtual lattice point set in the three-dimensional coordinate system.
And S10315, classifying the virtual lattice points with the same plane coordinate position into a group, and forming a virtual lattice point sequence by the virtual lattice points of each group according to the ascending order of altitude.
Specifically, in one possible embodiment, the virtual grid points may be set according to heights specified in the national center for environmental forecasting (NCEP) data.
And S10317, acquiring a target virtual lattice point sequence corresponding to the virtual lattice point sequence, wherein the potential height of a target virtual lattice point in the target virtual lattice point sequence is higher than the surface potential height of the target virtual lattice point.
And S10319, acquiring a target cloud vertical structure corresponding to the target virtual grid point sequence according to the atmospheric temperature field and the atmospheric humidity field.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the obtaining of the target cloud vertical structure corresponding to the target virtual grid point sequence according to the atmospheric temperature field and the atmospheric humidity field includes:
and S103191, judging whether each target virtual grid point in the target virtual grid point sequence has cloud or not according to the atmospheric temperature field and the atmospheric humidity field.
And S103193, obtaining the target cloud vertical structure according to the judgment result of each target virtual lattice point.
As shown in fig. 5, the determining whether there is a cloud in each target virtual grid point in the target virtual grid point sequence according to the atmospheric temperature field and the atmospheric humidity field includes:
s1, a cloud diagnosis mapping table is obtained, and the cloud diagnosis mapping table records the mapping relation between temperature and cloud humidity threshold values.
The cloud diagnosis mapping table is obtained by acquiring a cloud observation sample, analyzing TS (transport stream) grading tests of different relative humidity thresholds on cloud area diagnosis based on the cloud observation sample, and combining the accuracy, the empty report rate and the missing report rate of cloud area prediction; the acquiring a cloud observation sample comprises: on the basis of carrying out cloud observation by using the Cloudsat satellite, adding the cloud area sample of the Calipso satellite into the counted cloud area sample, and carrying out combined observation on the basis of the Cloudsat satellite and the Calipso satellite to construct a cloud observation sample.
The accuracy of the cloud diagnosis mapping table is guaranteed by the accuracy of the finally obtained three-dimensional cloud field in the embodiment of the invention, so that the accuracy of the cloud diagnosis mapping table is an important data base. Different from the prior art, the cloud diagnosis is carried out by innovatively utilizing the 2B-GEOPROF and ECWMF-AUX products of the Cloudsat cloud satellite and the 2B-GEOPROF-LIDAR product combined with the Calipso in the embodiment of the invention, so that the cloud diagnosis mapping table is obtained. Compared with the prior art which uses single observation, the joint observation provided by the invention is the result of the research of the directional experiment of the invention, and the reason why the embodiment of the invention uses the combination of the Cloudsat cloud satellite and the Calipso to carry out the joint observation is explained as follows:
as shown in fig. 6, it shows that the frequency of occurrence of clouds in china is counted by using two satellites for observation products in 2007-2010, and from the distribution characteristics of the clouds with temperature, both the joint observation result of CloudSat and caleso and the single observation result of CloudSat show that: with the reduction of the temperature, the cloud appearance frequency shows distribution characteristics of increasing firstly and then reducing, and peaks appear between-15 ℃ and-10 ℃, but compared with the single observation of CloudSat, the combination of CloudSat and CALIPO obviously increases the cloud observation samples in the low-temperature region. As shown in FIG. 7, it can be seen from the graph of the percentage of the samples increasing with the temperature, the cloud detection advantage of CALIPO is gradually increased with the temperature decreasing, and is bimodal, there is a small peak between-5 ℃ and 0 ℃, the percentage of the increase of the cloud appearance frequency is about 20%, and the percentage of the increase of the cloud appearance frequency below-40 ℃ is sharply increased with the temperature decreasing. At temperatures below-60 ℃, the percentage increase in the number of cloud samples observed in combination with Calipso compared to the number of cloud samples observed with Cloudsat alone reached 150%. Therefore, the CALIPO satellite obviously improves the observation capability of the low-temperature region cloud. This is because below-40 ℃, supercooled water droplets spontaneously freeze and may form more ice crystals, but because of the lower temperature, lower water content and smaller ice crystal particle radius, calspo satellites can see but CloudSat does not.
In summary, more stable cloud observation results can be obtained by using the combination of Cloudsat and Calipso satellites. In a specific embodiment, the cloud diagnosis mapping table is shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 relative humidity threshold value of cloud region, TS (threshold score) score, cloud region forecast accuracy, air report rate and missing report rate for cloud region and clear sky diagnosis in different temperature regions of China
Table 1 shows that the relative humidity threshold of the cloud area is optimized by jointly observing the cloud product with Cloudsat and Calipso in combination with atmospheric temperature and humidity observation, and the relative humidity threshold of the cloud area is recorded in different temperature ranges. Compared with the statistical result observed only by using Cloudat in the past, the threshold value improves the TS score and the accuracy of cloud area forecast.
And S2, obtaining a target temperature corresponding to the target virtual grid point according to the atmospheric temperature field.
And S3, obtaining a target humidity threshold value according to the cloud diagnosis mapping table and the target temperature.
And S4, obtaining the target humidity corresponding to the target virtual grid point according to the atmospheric humidity field.
And S5, if the target humidity is larger than the target humidity threshold value, judging that clouds exist at the target virtual grid point.
And S6, if the target humidity is not greater than the target humidity threshold value, judging that no cloud exists at the target virtual lattice point.
S10321, obtaining a three-dimensional cloud field diagnosis result according to the target cloud vertical structures corresponding to the target virtual lattice point sequences corresponding to the groups.
Further, in a preferred implementation manner, in the embodiment of the present invention, analyzing a cloud base height corresponding to a certain virtual lattice point sequence based on the three-dimensional cloud field diagnostic result may further include:
and S10, sequentially judging whether clouds exist at the corresponding positions of the virtual grid points in the virtual grid point sequence or not according to the three-dimensional cloud field diagnosis result.
And S30, taking the altitude of the virtual lattice point with the lowest altitude of the cloud at the corresponding position as the cloud bottom height.
S1033, classifying the clouds in each three-dimensional cloud field to obtain cloud classes of the clouds.
Specifically, the cloud is classified according to preset cloud classification logic, and the cloud is divided into a layered cloud and a convection cloud in the cloud classification logic.
In the preset cloud classification logic, the cloud is primarily classified according to the cloud bottom height, and the cloud is classified according to the primary classification result.
Specifically, the primarily divided logic performs the following steps:
on the basis of obtaining the three-dimensional cloud field, cloud type diagnosis can be further carried out, and if the cloud base height corresponding to a certain virtual lattice point sequence is obtained, the cloud type is judged according to the cloud base height. The judging the cloud type according to the cloud base height comprises the following steps:
(1) if the cloud base height is smaller than a first threshold, the cloud type is judged to be low;
(2) if the cloud base height is not less than a first threshold and not greater than a second threshold, the cloud type is determined to be a middle cloud;
(3) and if the cloud base height is larger than a second threshold value, the cloud type is judged to be high cloud.
Specifically, classifying the cloud according to the primary division result includes:
s100, if the cloud type is a medium cloud or a high cloud, the corresponding cloud type is judged to be a layered cloud.
S200, if the cloud type is a low cloud, extracting cloud lattice points from the virtual lattice point sequence, wherein the cloud lattice points meet the following requirements: based on the three-dimensional cloud field diagnosis result, the cloud lattice point corresponding position is provided with a cloud;
s300, obtaining at least one cloud lattice point sequence according to the position of each cloud lattice point in the virtual lattice point sequence, wherein the positions of the adjacent cloud lattice points in the cloud lattice point sequence in the virtual lattice point sequence are also adjacent;
s400, analyzing each cloud lattice point sequence to obtain a cloud type corresponding to the cloud lattice point sequence.
Specifically, if the length of the cloud lattice point sequence is greater than a preset number threshold, it is determined that a convection cloud exists in an altitude space covered by the cloud lattice point sequence; and if the length of the cloud lattice point sequence is not greater than a preset number threshold, judging that layered cloud exists in the altitude space covered by the cloud lattice point sequence.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the preset digital threshold may be 8.
And S1035, calculating the water content corresponding to the cloud according to the cloud class of each cloud in each three-dimensional cloud field and the temperature corresponding to the cloud.
Specifically, the water content corresponding to each cloud is obtained according to a pre-constructed cloud water content mapping relation; the cloud water content mapping relation comprises a one-to-one correspondence relation between two-dimensional data pairs formed by cloud types and temperatures corresponding to clouds and cloud water content.
Specifically, the pre-constructing a cloud water content mapping relationship, as shown in fig. 8, includes:
and T1, aggregating various cloud classes to obtain a layered cloud class and a convection cloud class.
And aggregating all cloud classes in the prior art, and finally only keeping the layered cloud class and the convection cloud class, so that the two classes of clouds are taken as research subjects to analyze the water content of the clouds. Specifically, by taking 8 types of cloud provided by a 2B-CLDCLASS-LIDAR cloud classification product as an example, the cloud and the deep convection cloud therein may be merged and classified as convection cloud, and the other six types are classified as layered cloud, so that the logic provided by the embodiment of the present invention is used to obtain the cloud water content mapping relation.
And T2, performing statistical analysis on each cloud belonging to the layered cloud category according to the existing meteorological data to obtain a first cloud water mapping relation and a second cloud water mapping relation, wherein the first cloud water mapping relation records the mapping relation between the temperature of the layered cloud and the liquid water content in the layered cloud, and the second cloud water mapping relation records the mapping relation between the temperature of the layered cloud and the ice water content in the layered cloud.
And T3, performing statistical analysis on each cloud belonging to the convection cloud category according to the existing meteorological data to obtain a third cloud water mapping relation and a fourth cloud water mapping relation, wherein the third cloud water mapping relation records the mapping relation between the temperature of the convection cloud and the liquid water content in the convection cloud, and the fourth cloud water mapping relation records the mapping relation between the temperature of the convection cloud and the ice water content in the convection cloud.
Specifically, the cloud water content frequency within different temperature ranges is counted to obtain the vertical distribution of the average water content in convection clouds and lamellar clouds in China, as shown in fig. 9. Constructing a cloud water content two-dimensional coordinate system by taking the temperature as a vertical coordinate; and expressing the first cloud water mapping relation, the second cloud water mapping relation, the third cloud water mapping relation and the fourth cloud water mapping relation in the cloud water content two-dimensional coordinate system.
Analysis shows that the average LWC value of the liquid water content in the cloud in China is less than 0.45g/m3, the LWC (triangular) of the convection cloud and the LWC (diamond) of the laminar cloud are reduced along with the reduction of the temperature, and the LWC value of the convection cloud is totally larger than that of the laminar cloud. In both types of clouds, the maximum LWC is in the temperature range of 15-20 ℃ near the formation, probably due to phase inversion after ice phase particles pass through the melting layer. The ice water content IWC in the cloud of China is obviously smaller than LWC, the average value is smaller than 0.15g/m3, the IWC in the two clouds is increased and then reduced along with the reduction of the temperature, and the peak value of the IWC is in the temperature range of-15 to-20 ℃. At temperatures above-40 ℃, the convective cloud has a higher IWC (triangular) value than the laminar cloud (round), which is probably because the upward flow of air in the convective cloud is greater than the laminar cloud, entraining more water vapor and small particles into the cloud. When the temperature is lower than-40 ℃, the IWC of the laminar cloud is higher than that of the convection cloud.
If the cloud is a layered cloud and only liquid water exists in the cloud, calculating the water content corresponding to the cloud according to the first cloud water mapping relation;
if the cloud is a layered cloud and only ice water exists in the cloud, calculating the water content corresponding to the cloud according to the second cloud water mapping relation;
if the cloud is a layered cloud and ice water and liquid water exist in the cloud, calculating a first water content corresponding to the cloud according to the first cloud water mapping relation; calculating a second water content corresponding to the cloud according to the second cloud water mapping relation; adding the first water content and the second water content to obtain the water content corresponding to the cloud;
if the cloud is a convection cloud and only liquid water exists in the cloud, calculating the water content corresponding to the cloud according to the third cloud water mapping relation;
if the cloud is a convection cloud and only ice water exists in the cloud, calculating the water content corresponding to the cloud according to the fourth cloud water mapping relation;
if the cloud is a convection cloud and ice water and liquid water exist in the cloud, calculating a third water content corresponding to the cloud according to the third cloud water mapping relation; calculating a fourth water content corresponding to the cloud according to the fourth cloud water mapping relation; and adding the third water content and the fourth water content to obtain the water content corresponding to the cloud.
S1037, obtaining a three-dimensional cloud water field corresponding to the three-dimensional cloud field according to the water content corresponding to each cloud.
And S105, acquiring at least one target atmosphere column in each three-dimensional cloud water field.
S107, vertically integrating the cloud water content of the cloud in each target atmosphere column to obtain the cloud water path of the target atmosphere column.
In order to test the technical effect of the embodiment of the invention, the cloud water path value and the distribution thereof of the simultaneous diagnosis are compared by using a 2001-2009 CERES satellite inverted cloud water path product. In general, it is diagnosticThe cloud water path is consistent with the annual average distribution characteristics of CERES satellite inversion products, the cloud water path is gradually reduced from south to north, the latitudinal distribution characteristics are obvious, the high-value areas of the cloud water path are positioned in Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hunan and the like in the Sichuan basin and southeast area, and the low-value areas are positioned in Xinjiang, Qinghai, Tibet and the like in the west of the northwest of China (except for the west of Xinjiang along the mountain range of Tianshan mountain). This is consistent with the chinese cloud water path distribution characteristics studied by li xingyu et al (2008) using ISCCP. The cloud water path value diagnosed by the method is 200-800 g.m-2CERES of about 150 to 500g.m-2The diagnostic value is slightly higher than the CERES satellite inversion value.
As shown in fig. 10-11, 2001-2009 respectively show the annual average distribution of the cloud path diagnosis and the cloud path inversion by the CERES satellite according to the embodiment of the present invention, and overall, the cloud path analysis result is consistent with the aircraft, satellite and ground observation. However, compared with satellite, exploration, special ground observation and direct aircraft-through cloud detection, the cloud water path acquisition method provided by the invention can provide space-time continuous large-range cloud and cloud water content distribution results, which cannot be achieved by conventional and special observation.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a cloud water path acquisition device, as shown in fig. 12, comprising:
a target area selection module 201, configured to select at least one target area;
the three-dimensional cloud water field acquisition module 203 is used for acquiring a space-time continuous three-dimensional cloud water field corresponding to each target area; the three-dimensional cloud water field is used for describing the cloud water content corresponding to the cloud of the vertical space corresponding to the target area;
a target atmosphere column obtaining module 205, configured to obtain at least one target atmosphere column in each of the three-dimensional cloud water fields;
and the cloud water path calculation module 207 is configured to perform vertical integration on the cloud water content of the cloud in each target atmosphere column to obtain a cloud water path of the target atmosphere column.
As shown in fig. 13, the three-dimensional cloud water field obtaining module 203 includes:
a three-dimensional cloud field obtaining unit 2031 configured to obtain a three-dimensional cloud field with continuous space-time characteristics corresponding to each target region;
a cloud classification dividing unit 2033 configured to classify each cloud in the three-dimensional cloud field to obtain a cloud classification of the cloud;
a water content calculation unit 2035 configured to calculate a water content corresponding to each cloud in the three-dimensional cloud field according to the cloud class of the cloud and the temperature corresponding to the cloud;
the cloud water field generating unit 2037 is configured to obtain a three-dimensional cloud water field corresponding to the three-dimensional cloud field according to the water content corresponding to each cloud.
As shown in fig. 14, the three-dimensional cloud field acquiring unit 2031 includes:
a three-field obtaining unit 20311, configured to obtain atmosphere reanalysis data, including a three-dimensionally distributed atmosphere temperature field and atmosphere humidity field corresponding to the target area, and a potential height field;
a coordinate system constructing unit 20313 configured to construct a three-dimensional coordinate system for describing a three-dimensional cloud field, in which a set of virtual grid points is set;
a virtual grid point sequence obtaining unit 20315, configured to classify the virtual grid points with the same plane coordinate position into a group, where the virtual grid points in each group form a virtual grid point sequence according to a potential height ascending order;
a target virtual grid point sequence obtaining unit 20317, configured to obtain a target virtual grid point sequence corresponding to the virtual grid point sequence, where a potential height of a target virtual grid point in the target virtual grid point sequence is higher than a surface potential height thereof;
a cloud vertical structure obtaining unit 20319, configured to obtain, according to the atmospheric temperature field and the atmospheric humidity field, a target cloud vertical structure corresponding to the target virtual grid point sequence;
the three-dimensional cloud field diagnosis unit 20321 is configured to obtain a three-dimensional cloud field according to the target cloud vertical structure corresponding to each group of corresponding target virtual grid point sequences.
The device embodiment and the method embodiment of the invention are based on the same inventive concept, and the details are shown in the method embodiment.
It should be noted that: the sequence of the above embodiments of the present invention is only for description, and does not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware, or may be implemented by a program instructing relevant hardware, where the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the above-mentioned storage medium may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (7)
1. A cloud water path acquisition method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
selecting at least one target area;
acquiring a space-time continuous three-dimensional cloud water field corresponding to each target area; the three-dimensional cloud water field is used for describing the cloud water content corresponding to the cloud of the vertical space corresponding to the target area;
acquiring at least one target atmosphere column in each three-dimensional cloud water field;
performing vertical integration on the cloud water content of the cloud in each target atmosphere column to obtain a cloud water path of the target atmosphere column;
the acquiring of the space-time continuous three-dimensional cloud water field corresponding to each target area comprises the following steps:
acquiring a space-time continuous three-dimensional cloud field corresponding to each target area;
performing the following operations for each three-dimensional cloud field:
classifying each cloud in the three-dimensional cloud farm to obtain a cloud class of the cloud;
calculating the water content corresponding to each cloud in the three-dimensional cloud field according to the cloud class of the cloud and the temperature corresponding to the cloud;
obtaining a three-dimensional cloud water field corresponding to the three-dimensional cloud field according to the water content corresponding to each cloud;
the classifying each cloud in the three-dimensional cloud farm to obtain a cloud class of the cloud comprises:
classifying each cloud according to preset cloud classification logic, wherein the cloud classification logic divides the cloud into a layered cloud and a convection cloud;
the calculating the water content corresponding to each cloud in the three-dimensional cloud field according to the cloud class of the cloud and the temperature corresponding to the cloud comprises:
obtaining the water content corresponding to each cloud according to a pre-constructed cloud water content mapping relation; the cloud water content mapping relation comprises a one-to-one correspondence relation between a cloud water content and a two-dimensional data pair formed by the cloud type and the temperature corresponding to the cloud;
the method also comprises a step of pre-constructing the cloud water content mapping relation, wherein the pre-constructing the cloud water content mapping relation comprises the following steps:
aggregating the various cloud classes to obtain a laminar cloud class and a convective cloud class;
performing statistical analysis on each cloud belonging to the layered cloud category according to the existing meteorological data to obtain a first cloud water mapping relation and a second cloud water mapping relation, wherein the first cloud water mapping relation records the mapping relation between the temperature of the layered cloud and the liquid water content in the layered cloud, and the second cloud water mapping relation records the mapping relation between the temperature of the layered cloud and the ice water content in the layered cloud;
and carrying out statistical analysis on each cloud belonging to the convection cloud category according to the existing meteorological data to obtain a third cloud water mapping relation and a fourth cloud water mapping relation, wherein the third cloud water mapping relation records the mapping relation between the temperature of the convection cloud and the liquid water content in the convection cloud, and the fourth cloud water mapping relation records the mapping relation between the temperature of the convection cloud and the ice water content in the convection cloud.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining of the space-time continuous three-dimensional cloud water field corresponding to each target area comprises:
acquiring a space-time continuous three-dimensional cloud field corresponding to each target area;
performing the following operations for each three-dimensional cloud field:
classifying each cloud in the three-dimensional cloud farm to obtain a cloud class of the cloud;
calculating the water content corresponding to each cloud in the three-dimensional cloud field according to the cloud class of the cloud and the temperature corresponding to the cloud;
and obtaining a three-dimensional cloud water field corresponding to the three-dimensional cloud field according to the water content corresponding to each cloud.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining of the spatio-temporally continuous three-dimensional cloud field corresponding to each target region comprises:
acquiring atmosphere reanalysis data, including an atmosphere temperature field, an atmosphere humidity field and a potential height field which are distributed in three dimensions and correspond to a target area;
constructing a three-dimensional coordinate system for describing a three-dimensional cloud field, and setting a virtual lattice point set in the three-dimensional coordinate system;
classifying the virtual grid points with the same plane coordinate position into a group, and forming a virtual grid point sequence by the virtual grid points of each group according to the increasing order of potential height;
acquiring a target virtual grid point sequence corresponding to the virtual grid point sequence, wherein the potential height of a target virtual grid point in the target virtual grid point sequence is higher than the surface potential height of the virtual grid point;
acquiring a target cloud vertical structure corresponding to the target virtual grid point sequence according to the atmospheric temperature field and the atmospheric humidity field;
and obtaining a three-dimensional cloud field according to the target cloud vertical structures corresponding to the target virtual grid point sequences corresponding to the groups.
4. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
constructing a cloud water content two-dimensional coordinate system by taking the cloud water content as a horizontal coordinate and the temperature as a vertical coordinate;
and expressing the first cloud water mapping relation, the second cloud water mapping relation, the third cloud water mapping relation and the fourth cloud water mapping relation in the cloud water content two-dimensional coordinate system.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein:
the obtaining of the water content corresponding to each cloud according to the pre-constructed cloud water content mapping relationship comprises:
if the cloud is a layered cloud and only liquid water exists in the cloud, calculating the water content corresponding to the cloud according to the first cloud water mapping relation;
if the cloud is a layered cloud and only ice water exists in the cloud, calculating the water content corresponding to the cloud according to the second cloud water mapping relation;
if the cloud is a layered cloud and ice water and liquid water exist in the cloud, calculating a first water content corresponding to the cloud according to the first cloud water mapping relation; calculating a second water content corresponding to the cloud according to the second cloud water mapping relation; adding the first water content and the second water content to obtain the water content corresponding to the cloud;
if the cloud is a convection cloud and only liquid water exists in the cloud, calculating the water content corresponding to the cloud according to the third cloud water mapping relation;
if the cloud is a convection cloud and only ice water exists in the cloud, calculating the water content corresponding to the cloud according to the fourth cloud water mapping relation;
if the cloud is a convection cloud and ice water and liquid water exist in the cloud, calculating a third water content corresponding to the cloud according to the third cloud water mapping relation; calculating a fourth water content corresponding to the cloud according to the fourth cloud water mapping relation; and adding the third water content and the fourth water content to obtain the water content corresponding to the cloud.
6. A cloud water path acquisition device, comprising:
the target area selection module is used for selecting at least one target area;
the three-dimensional cloud water field acquisition module is used for acquiring a space-time continuous three-dimensional cloud water field corresponding to each target area; the three-dimensional cloud water field is used for describing the cloud water content corresponding to the cloud of the vertical space corresponding to the target area;
the target atmosphere column acquisition module is used for acquiring at least one target atmosphere column in each three-dimensional cloud water field;
the cloud water path calculation module is used for performing vertical integration on the cloud water content of the cloud in each target atmosphere column to obtain a cloud water path of the target atmosphere column;
the device is also used for acquiring a space-time continuous three-dimensional cloud field corresponding to each target area; performing the following operations for each three-dimensional cloud field: classifying each cloud in the three-dimensional cloud farm to obtain a cloud class of the cloud; calculating the water content corresponding to each cloud in the three-dimensional cloud field according to the cloud class of the cloud and the temperature corresponding to the cloud; obtaining a three-dimensional cloud water field corresponding to the three-dimensional cloud field according to the water content corresponding to each cloud;
the device is also used for classifying the clouds according to preset cloud classification logic, wherein the clouds are divided into layered clouds and convection clouds in the cloud classification logic; obtaining the water content corresponding to each cloud according to a pre-constructed cloud water content mapping relation; the cloud water content mapping relation comprises a one-to-one correspondence relation between a cloud water content and a two-dimensional data pair formed by the cloud type and the temperature corresponding to the cloud;
the device is also used for aggregating various cloud categories to obtain a layered cloud category and a convection cloud category; performing statistical analysis on each cloud belonging to the layered cloud category according to the existing meteorological data to obtain a first cloud water mapping relation and a second cloud water mapping relation, wherein the first cloud water mapping relation records the mapping relation between the temperature of the layered cloud and the liquid water content in the layered cloud, and the second cloud water mapping relation records the mapping relation between the temperature of the layered cloud and the ice water content in the layered cloud; and carrying out statistical analysis on each cloud belonging to the convection cloud category according to the existing meteorological data to obtain a third cloud water mapping relation and a fourth cloud water mapping relation, wherein the third cloud water mapping relation records the mapping relation between the temperature of the convection cloud and the liquid water content in the convection cloud, and the fourth cloud water mapping relation records the mapping relation between the temperature of the convection cloud and the ice water content in the convection cloud.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the three-dimensional cloud water field acquisition module comprises:
the three-dimensional cloud field acquisition unit is used for acquiring a space-time continuous three-dimensional cloud field corresponding to each target area;
a cloud classification dividing unit that classifies each cloud in the three-dimensional cloud field to obtain a cloud classification of the cloud;
the water content calculation unit is used for calculating the water content corresponding to each cloud in the three-dimensional cloud field according to the cloud category of the cloud and the temperature corresponding to the cloud;
and the cloud water field generating unit is used for obtaining the three-dimensional cloud water field corresponding to the three-dimensional cloud field according to the water content corresponding to each cloud.
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