CN110174596B - Intrinsic safety type circuit low-voltage discharge mechanism experimental research method - Google Patents
Intrinsic safety type circuit low-voltage discharge mechanism experimental research method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 208000028659 discharge Diseases 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001080 W alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XYBVCSGYZBLFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [W].[Cd] Chemical compound [W].[Cd] XYBVCSGYZBLFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- SBYXRAKIOMOBFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tungsten Chemical compound [Cu].[W] SBYXRAKIOMOBFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004870 electrical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005305 interferometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004556 laser interferometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013178 mathematical model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1218—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing using optical methods; using charged particle, e.g. electron, beams or X-rays
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Abstract
The invention discloses an intrinsically safe circuit low-voltage discharge mechanism experiment platform and a research method, wherein the experiment platform is built based on the research method, and comprises a 532nm laser transmitter, a memory oscilloscope, an adjustable direct-current power supply, a high-speed camera, a beam expander, a beam splitter, a beam processor and a plane mirror; the test phenomena of the two measuring devices, namely the memory oscilloscope and the high-speed camera, are detected at two angles of electricity and light respectively; wherein, the optical channel composed of the laser interferometer, the optical beam splitter, the optical processor, the plane mirror and the high-speed camera records the spark forming process of the discharge gap; the memory oscilloscope obtains current and voltage data of the discharge gap. Through the establishment of the experimental platform, the low-voltage discharge mechanism of the intrinsically safe circuit can be analyzed in a deeper level, a basic method theoretical basis is provided for the ignition mechanism of the intrinsically safe circuit in the flammable and explosive gas environment, and a basic safety theory is also provided for the transformation of energy industry and the development of new energy in China.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an intrinsically safe circuit low-voltage discharge mechanism experimental platform and a research method, and is particularly used for analyzing the intrinsically safe circuit low-voltage discharge mechanism research.
Background
Along with the popularization of the internet of things technology in flammable and explosive dangerous places, the application of intrinsically safe equipment is rapidly increased, and higher requirements are provided for the safety of electric equipment, the capacity improvement of power supply equipment, detection and the like. The physical characteristics of the low-voltage discharge of the intrinsically safe circuit are greatly different from the physical characteristics of the traditional high-voltage discharge, and the potential ignition capability of the intrinsically safe circuit to flammable and explosive gases is a key factor influencing the intrinsic safety performance of the explosion-proof circuit. The ignition mechanism of intrinsically safe circuit low-voltage discharge relates to a plurality of disciplines such as physics, chemistry, electrical engineering, safety engineering and the like. In recent years, research on topology and parameter optimization control of low-voltage circuits has been the focus and difficulty of research on intrinsically safe explosion-proof circuits.
The traditional intrinsically safe circuit research method is that an oscilloscope is used for collecting a large number of experimental waveforms on an IEC spark test device, the change rule of electrical parameters such as spark current and voltage of a discharge gap is searched and summarized, and a spark discharge mathematical model is established according to typical experimental waveforms. The method only explains the discharge characteristic of the intrinsically safe circuit in an electrical angle, and has no further research on the aspects of the breakdown mechanism, the development process and the like of discharge.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows:
the invention integrates optical and electrical multidisciplinary research methods, provides a deeper research method for establishing an intrinsically safe circuit low-voltage discharge basic theory, and provides a basic theoretical basis for researching a flammable and explosive gas ignition mechanism in an intrinsically safe circuit.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an intrinsically safe circuit low-voltage discharge mechanism experiment platform comprises a laser interferometer, a beam expander, a first beam splitter, an arc discharge gap device, a second beam splitter and a camera which are sequentially arranged along a laser emission direction; the device also comprises a memory oscilloscope and an adjustable direct current power supply;
the first beam splitter is used for splitting laser into a measuring beam and a reference beam, and the measuring beam enters the arc discharge gap device;
the electric arc discharge gap device is powered by an adjustable direct current power supply in the discharge process, and a memory oscilloscope records breakdown voltage and current data under different gap parameters;
the second optical beam splitter recombines the measuring beam from the arc discharge gap device and the reference beam from the first optical beam splitter;
the video camera comprises an ultra-high speed camera and a high-speed video camera, wherein the ultra-high speed camera is used for recording an interference pattern established by an electric arc at the initial stage of electric discharge, and the high-speed video camera is used for recording the electric arc discharge process.
Furthermore, the arc discharge gap device is placed in a closed container, tungsten and cadmium are respectively used as anode and cathode materials to generate contact arc discharge, and the anode can be in contact with the cathode to have a sliding effect so as to change the distance of the discharge gap.
A research method for analyzing an intrinsically safe circuit low-voltage discharge mechanism comprises the following steps:
step 1: a laser interferometer sends out a laser beam, and the laser beam passes through a beam expander and a first beam splitter to provide a measuring beam and a reference beam for an experiment;
step 2: the measuring beam passes through a closed container provided with an arc discharge gap device, the arc discharge gap device is powered by an adjustable constant current power supply, and a memory oscilloscope records breakdown voltage and current data under different gap parameters;
and step 3: the second optical beam splitter recombines the light beam from the arc discharge gap device and the reference light beam from the first optical beam splitter;
and 4, step 4: the interference pattern established by the arc at the initial stage of discharge is recorded by using a super-high speed camera, and the arc discharge process is recorded by using a high-speed video camera.
Has the advantages that: by adopting spectral analysis and a laser interferometry, an interference image established by the electric arc at the initial stage of discharge can be obtained by a high-speed camera. By establishing the quantitative relation of the voltage and the current along with the time scale in the discharging stage, the power and energy change rule curve in the low-voltage discharging development process is obtained, and the breakdown characteristic of the low-voltage discharging is clarified.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the experimental platform;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the experimental platform: j is a 532nm laser interferometer, I is an adjustable constant current power supply, B is a memory oscilloscope, CA is a discharge gap device, M is a closed container, K is a beam expander, F1 is a first beam splitter, F2 is a second beam splitter, P1, P2 and P3 are plane mirrors, C is a beam processor, S1 is an ultra-high speed camera, and S2 is a high-speed camera;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an arc discharge gap arrangement: 1. a wire holder; 2. a cadmium disc; 3. a tungsten filament; 4. a wire path through the disk; 5. a groove; 6. a combustible gas enclosure; the rotation speeds of the wire holder 1 and the cadmium disc 2 are 80rpm and 19.2rpm respectively.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
The arc discharge gap device is arranged in a closed container, and the arc establishment process at the discharge initial stage is monitored by a high-speed camera by means of a spectral analysis method and a Mach-Zehnder interferometry method; applying a certain external voltage, changing parameters such as discharge gap distance, electrode material and electrode shape, and recording data of breakdown voltage and current by using a memory oscilloscope. The discharge gap distance, the electrode material and the electrode shape are used as independent variables, the breakdown voltage and the breakdown current are used as dependent variables, a numerical quantification relation is established, and low-voltage discharge breakdown under the three different variables is explored.
According to an IEC spark test device, a detection scheme and a gas discharge volt-ampere characteristic test method, different given voltages and given currents are applied, a memory oscilloscope is adopted to measure the volt-ampere characteristic of a gap in the discharge development process, the functional relation of the voltage and the current along with time scales in the discharge development stage is established, and the power and energy change rule of the low-voltage discharge development process is disclosed.
The electrode material can be copper electrode material, silver electrode material and copper-tungsten alloy material. The electrode shape variables can be divided into strip, sphere and cone shapes. The present embodiment is referred to tungsten cadmium material.
Tungsten and cadmium are respectively used as anode and cathode materials, and the anode can be in contact with the cathode to have a sliding effect. In addition, the stationary cathode block is equipped with a 4 degree-of-freedom positioner that can be precisely adjusted to produce the arc in a more controlled manner. The electrodes of the contact arc device are powered by an adjustable constant current power supply, so that the energy consumed by the contact arc is controlled to a greater extent. The voltage and current waveforms of the contact arc were recorded using a memory oscilloscope to calculate the instantaneous power and total energy dissipated in the arc.
In the course of the experiment, a laser beam from the 532nm laser interferometer J was formed into a plane wave by the beam expander K and split into a measuring beam and a reference beam by the first beam splitter F1. The measuring beam passes through a closed vessel M having a volume of 2.48L. A discharge gap device CA is arranged in the closed container, tungsten and cadmium are respectively used as anode and cathode materials to generate contact arc discharge, the anode can be in contact with the cathode to have a sliding effect, and an adjustable direct current power supply is used for supplying power I in the discharge process. By changing the voltage and current of the power supply, an oscilloscope B is used for recording the voltage and current data waveform of the contact arc, the changed gap parameter is used as an abscissa, and the breakdown voltage and the breakdown current are used as an ordinate to establish a quantitative relation. The two beams are then recombined in a second beam splitter F2, the interference pattern is recorded by a super speed camera S1 and the arc discharge process is recorded by a high speed camera S2.
The arc discharge gap device is a standardized spark testing device (STA) and is structured with reference to fig. 3.
And calculating the energy consumed by the contact arc to obtain a low-voltage discharge energy change rule. The start of the arc indicates a sudden rise in voltage from 0 to Vfall. End of arc means when current is drawn from iarcThe arc drops to 0 and the voltage reaches VendThen (c) is performed. Calculating the total energy E consumed by the contact arcarc：
Wherein, VfallTo lower the voltage, tendAt the discharge cutoff time, i (t) is the arc current, V(t)Is the arc voltage.
The above-mentioned embodiments, objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are further described in detail, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A research method for analyzing an intrinsically safe circuit low-voltage discharge mechanism is characterized in that the research method is based on an intrinsically safe circuit low-voltage discharge mechanism experimental platform, and the intrinsically safe circuit low-voltage discharge mechanism experimental platform comprises a laser interferometer, a beam expander, a first beam splitter, an arc discharge gap device, a second beam splitter and a camera which are sequentially arranged along a laser emission direction; the device also comprises a memory oscilloscope and an adjustable direct current power supply;
the first beam splitter is used for splitting laser into a measuring beam and a reference beam, and the measuring beam enters the arc discharge gap device;
the arc discharge gap device is placed in a closed container provided with a side window for laser to pass through, the discharge process of the arc discharge gap device is powered by an adjustable direct-current power supply, and a memory oscilloscope records breakdown voltage and current data under different gap parameters;
the second optical beam splitter recombines the measuring beam from the arc discharge gap device and the reference beam from the first optical beam splitter;
the video camera comprises an ultra-high speed camera and a high-speed video camera, wherein the ultra-high speed camera is used for recording an interference pattern established by an electric arc at the initial stage of electric discharge, and the high-speed video camera is used for recording the electric arc discharge process;
the arc discharge gap device is a standardized spark testing device;
the research method comprises the following steps:
step 1: a laser interferometer sends out a laser beam, and the laser beam passes through a beam expander and a first beam splitter to provide a measuring beam and a reference beam for an experiment;
step 2: the measuring beam passes through a closed container provided with an arc discharge gap device, the arc discharge gap device is powered by an adjustable constant current power supply, and a memory oscilloscope records breakdown voltage and current data under different gap parameters;
and step 3: the second optical beam splitter recombines the light beam from the arc discharge gap device and the reference light beam from the first optical beam splitter;
and 4, step 4: the interference pattern established by the arc at the initial stage of discharge is recorded by using a super-high speed camera, and the arc discharge process is recorded by using a high-speed video camera.
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| RU225846U1 (en) * | 2023-11-07 | 2024-05-08 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Калининградский государственный технический университет" | STAND FOR RESEARCH OF ELECTRIC DISCHARGES |
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| CN111121612B (en) * | 2020-01-02 | 2021-08-24 | 北方工业大学 | Method for identifying surface scratch depth of cadmium disc of spark test device |
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| CN109490721A (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2019-03-19 | 惠科股份有限公司 | Monitoring device and monitoring method |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102778257A (en) * | 2012-07-18 | 2012-11-14 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Strong laser driven explosion and impact effect test platform |
| CN105891769B (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2018-09-04 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of arc discharge energy correction factor calibration method and calibrating installation |
| CN108445369A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-08-24 | 上海电力学院 | Partial discharge of transformer interferes formula monitoring device |
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Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| RU225846U1 (en) * | 2023-11-07 | 2024-05-08 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Калининградский государственный технический университет" | STAND FOR RESEARCH OF ELECTRIC DISCHARGES |
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