CN1101722C - Method and apparatus for solid-liquid separation of slurry - Google Patents

Abstract

The invented process for separating solid substance from a substance comprises the following steps: pouring the suspension into a tank being provided with a removable filter located on the tank bottom; concentration of the suspension by making use of vibration; removal of the filter and removal of the solid substance cake produced by the concentration of the suspension. Apparatus for making the above-described process comprises a set of tanks (300-307) that are each provided with a removable filter (22) placed on the tank bottom, whereby the tanks (300-307) are arranged in a circle so that they can be rotated in intermittent manner, and further it consists of means of draining water of the tank, means (550) for application of vibration, means for removal of the filter from the tank bottom and for removal of the produced solid cake below the tank.

Description

Slurry solid-liquid separating method and equipment

The present invention relates to the method and apparatus of slurry Separation of Solid and Liquid, above-mentioned slurry Separation of Solid and Liquid is applicable to the simplification dehydration of gypsum slurry, and this gypsum slurry is to form as a kind of byproduct in based on the desulphurization system of wet type lime-gypsum method.

In desulphurization system, utilize a kind of slurry that wherein has the suspension lime stone when carrying out its neutralization reaction, to absorb the sulfur dioxide (SO that exists in the flue gas based on the wet type lime-gypsum method ₂).Then, the slurry of generation is contacted with being blown into an air in the kerve, form gypsum as a kind of byproduct so that it is oxidized fully.Illustrate an embodiment of conventional desulphurization system based on the wet type lime-gypsum method below with reference to Fig. 8.

In the method for Fig. 8, undressed flue gas A is introduced the absorption tower 2 from flue 1, undressed flue gas A is contacted, so that by absorbing the sulfur dioxide of removing in the absorption liquid wherein with a kind of absorption liquid that utilizes a circulating pump 3 to be added to the top on absorption tower 2.After this, the flue gas B that had handled is discharged from system via a flue 4.On the other hand, absorption liquid flows in the groove 5 that is installed in 2 bottoms, absorption tower, and absorption liquid contacts with air from air supply pipe 6 supplies that are arranged on groove 5 bottoms groove 5 in, and so oxidation and form gypsum.

In the absorption liquid in groove 5, solid particle comprises gypsum (CaSO ₄2H ₂O) with as a kind of lime stone (CaCO of absorber material ₃), they suspend by stirring with an agitator 7.This absorption liquid is discharged and introduced in the thickener 9 with a slurry emptying pump 8.The concentrate D that is produced is sent to 10 li of solid-liquid separators and filters therein.The gypsum E that will form as a kind of byproduct discharges from system.On the other hand, will deliver to 11 li of filtrate receivers, and in filtrate receiver 11, add and make the lime stone that a kind of absorber material is used, and the slurry that produces is sent back to 5 li of grooves again from the transparent supernatant F of thickener 9 with from the filtrate of solid-liquid separator 10.

In this conventional process, require the solid of solid-liquid separator 10 separate out suspended in absorption liquid (that is, gypsum and lime stone).Concerning this separate with liquid, can be with in the equipment shown in Figure 9 any.

Fig. 9 A illustrates a kind of example of whizzer 20.This is a kind of like this technology, wherein concentrate D is added in the rotating cylinder, and the sidewall of this rotating cylinder is made with a kind of filter medium 22, and this rotating cylinder is rotated under high speed to remove anhydrate H and thereby recovery gypsum by a motor.Fig. 9 B illustrates a kind of technology that adopts filter press, and one of them filter 22 usefulness concentrate D filling also is compressed between pressing plate 26, anhydrates and thereby recovery gypsum to remove.Fig. 9 C illustrates a kind of technology that adopts belt filter plant 30.That is to say, when slurry 12 is transported on the filter bag 23 that is driven by a roller 31 and drive roll 32, utilize vacuum chambers 35 that are arranged on below the filter bag 23 to vacuumize, anhydrate and reclaim gypsum E so that remove.

Therefore, comprise that by employing any solid-liquid separator 10 reclaims the gypsum E that forms as a kind of byproduct in the said equipment.But these three kinds of technology all cause the cost of equipment to increase owing to the structure of equipment, and require the supply of management running stores such as filter and filter bag 22.Therefore, in developing country, from the viewpoint of environmental protection FGD system being installed there is growing trend, but the present situation of problem is to have hindered the popularization of FGD system basically owing to economic reasons.

In order to address these problems, the inventor had before proposed at the another kind of routine techniques shown in Figure 10 A 10B and the 10C.This is a kind of dehydration technique of simplification, wherein a kind of concentrate D is delivered to 50 li of lautertuns, and the bottom of lautertuns 50 is equipped with the filtering layer of being made up of gravel and sand 51,52 and 53.Figure 10 A illustrates such a case, wherein after concentrate D being injected groove and making it leave standstill, produces a kind of transparent supernatant F.After emitting this transparent supernatant, with 55 these the very dense slurries 12 of vibration of a vibrator as shown in Figure 10 B, so that therefrom remove other water H.Therefore, as shown in Figure 10 C, the gypsum E that obtains as a kind of byproduct is deposited in the groove 50.This gypsum has about 20% water content and is in a kind of state that has cured.

According to this technology, the gypsum E that obtains dewatering is as a kind of byproduct and without any need for special equipment.But the structure of used lautertuns 50 is as follows in this technology: (a) lautertuns 50 comprises a large scale sedimentation basin made from concrete block or analog.(b) be arranged on the filtering layer 51,52 and 53 of bottom of groove near ground.(c) size of lautertuns 50 is about 10m * 10m * 5m (height).Thereby, for from lautertuns 50, discharging the gypsum of sedimentation and curing, require difficulty operation with rock borer or similar machinery.And, needing to install many this large-sized lautertuns 50, this technology also has the shortcoming of a very wide fabricating yard of requirement.

As mentioned above, from the viewpoint of cost, fabricating yard and operating efficiency, conventional solid-liquid separator has various shortcomings.

Therefore, the objective of the invention is to overcome these shortcomings, it is characterized in that cost is low, the less and high efficiency of fabricating yard demand by the method and apparatus that is provided for the slurry Separation of Solid and Liquid.The summary of invention

According to the present invention, a kind of method that is used for the slurry Separation of Solid and Liquid is provided, it may further comprise the steps: a kind of slurry is injected one in its bottom the groove of a moveable filter is installed, and allow contained solid matter natural subsidence in the slurry; After the transparent supernatant on emitting slurry or when this transparent supernatant of discharging, concentrate slurry by groove being applied vibration; And after slurry concentrates, remove filter and below groove, discharge concentrated and solid filter cake that produce by slurry.

In the method for the invention, can be arranged to many such grooves rounded and be suitable for turning round off and on displacement, and, this slurry can be delivered in the groove continuously by successively slurry being injected groove at place, a fixed position.

Method of the present invention can be carried out in this way, promptly slurry is injected and be arranged to selected groove in the middle of many rounded grooves a predetermined rest position, emit transparent supernatant in another rest position, in another rest position this selected groove is applied vibration, and discharge by the resulting solid filter cake of Separation of Solid and Liquid in another rest position, thereby when this selected groove makes a circle, just finished the Separation of Solid and Liquid of slurry in this selected groove.

In the method for the invention, a vacuum plant can be installed below a groove or a plurality of groove, so that vacuumize also thereby quicken the separation of liquid through a filter or a plurality of filter.

In the method for the invention, can from groove, discharge filter cake at place, a fixed position, that is: rise groove, remove filter from the bottom of groove and it is moved to one side, fall groove, below groove, release filter cake then with following method.

In the method for the invention, can from groove, discharge filter cake at place, a fixed position, that is: open filter downwards from the bottom of groove, below groove, release filter cake, then filter is closed to its original position with following method.

In the method for the invention, when release filter cake below groove, the sidewall of groove can vibrate with a vibrator.

In the method for the invention, slurry can comprise for example a kind of gypsum slurry, and it forms as a kind of byproduct in based on a kind of desulphurization system of wet type lime-gypsum method.

According to the present invention, a kind of equipment that is used for the slurry Separation of Solid and Liquid also is provided, wherein: many grooves each all at moveable filter of its bottom assembling, these many grooves are arranged to the rounded and suitable displacement of revolution off and on; Corresponding rest position installed be used for slurry send into device in the groove, be used for from groove emit water device, be used for groove is applied the device of vibration and is used to remove filter and discharges the device of the solid filter cake that produces below groove, thereby when a selected groove makes a circle, just finished the Separation of Solid and Liquid of slurry in this selected groove.

In equipment of the present invention, can be below each groove vacuum plant of installation so that vacuumize and thereby quicken the separation of liquid via filter.

According to the present invention, inject liquid that the slurry in the groove exists and remove with transparent supernatant and the form that sees through the filtered fluid of filter, supernatant utilizes natural subsidence or applies vibration and produces.On the other hand, owing to apply the result of vibration, solid just formed in very short time has the low filter cake of water content.And this filter cake all is to discharge from the lower aperture end of groove by remove filter from the bottom of groove at every turn.

Therefore, compare, can be easy in a very short time, discharge by the resulting filter cake of Separation of Solid and Liquid with the solid-liquid separation technique shown in Figure 10.Like this, can obviously improve the long-pending productivity ratio of unit interval or unit cell body, perhaps under identical productivity ratio, can significantly reduce the volume of groove.As a result, can reach remarkable reduction equipment size and reduction requirement to the fabricating yard.In this respect, calculated by test that the present invention did and to show, most important Consideration equipment cost can reduce to the 1/3-1/10 of cost required in prior art.

Therefore, in the place that the present invention is applied to a kind of gypsum slurry that in desulphurization system, forms based on lime-gypsum method, country and similar in promoting development because place installation flue desulfurization system economic and that other former thereby remarkable overslaugh FGD system is promoted will be effective.

And if a kind of slurry is to inject these grooves successively and continuous feeding by adopting according to many grooves of the present invention and with slurry, then the Separation of Solid and Liquid of this slurry can be carried out continuously with simple and undersized equipment configuration.In addition, because the solid filter cake that is produced can discharge simply by removing filter from the bottom of groove, so solid-liquid separating method of the present invention might be easy to automation and maintenance easily, and thereby the tangible improvement of generation aspect operating efficiency.

For example, many this grooves can be arranged to rounded and suitable rotary and batch (-type) displacement, and can be by at place, a fixed position slurry being injected groove successively and continuously slurry being sent in the groove.Therefore, can carry out the Separation of Solid and Liquid of slurry continuously with simple equipment configuration.

And, method of the present invention can be carried out by this way, promptly slurry is injected and be arranged to selected groove in the middle of many rounded grooves a predetermined rest position, therefrom emit the transparent supernatant that is produced in another rest position, in another rest position this selected groove is applied vibration, and at the solid filter cake of another rest position discharge by the solid resulting separation, thereby when this selected groove makes a circle, just finished the Separation of Solid and Liquid of slurry in this selected groove.Therefore, can carry out each step in the various steps in identical position to all grooves, these steps comprise: inject slurry and discharge transparent supernatant, apply vibration and discharging filter cake.This makes it can reach extra high operating efficiency and has simplified the structure of equipment.

And, can be below each groove vacuum plant of installation so that vacuumize via filter.This further quickens the separation of liquid and thereby causes productivity ratio further to improve.

In addition, when in the release groove below groove during filter cake, the sidewall of groove can make it vibration with a vibrator.This can be discharged from filter cake more reposefully, and thereby causes production capacity further to improve.

Fig. 1 comprises several views, is used to illustrate the part of method of the present invention;

Fig. 2 comprises several views, is used to illustrate another part of method of the present invention;

Fig. 3 comprises several views, and an embodiment who takes out the filter cake step in the method for the invention is shown;

Fig. 4 comprises several views, and the example of a kind of filter that uses for the present invention is shown;

Fig. 5 is the plane according to a kind of solid-liquid separating equipment of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the profile that solid-liquid separating equipment of the present invention is done along Fig. 5 center line B-B;

Fig. 7 comprises several views, and the various types of grooves that use for the present invention are shown;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram, is used to illustrate a kind of desulfurization process for flue gases based on the wet type lime-gypsum method;

Fig. 9 comprises several views, and various types of habitual solid-liquid separating equipments are shown; With

Figure 10 is a series of views, and a kind of conventional process that is used to simplify dehydration is shown.

Below in conjunction with description of drawings one embodiment of the present of invention.

Principle and the part and parcel structure of this embodiment at first, are described with reference to Fig. 1 and 2.Present embodiment is based on batch operation and use many lautertuns 300.But, in order to make purposes of simplicity of explanation, here only to a groove 300 explanation series of steps.

Figure 1A illustrates the state that a kind of concentrate D has been admitted to lautertuns 300 wherein.Filter 250 be placed in lautertuns 300 below.In the groove 300 among the concentrate D contained water with these filter 250 separation and emit.In this view, shelf of label 95 expressions.

Figure 1B illustrates the following state of lautertuns 300: a kind of gypsum slurry 12 wherein is having separated and sedimentation through after the regular hour, so that water H removes and obtain a kind of transparent supernatant F on slurry from the bottom.Transparent supernatant emits with a tapping equipment 130.

After this, as shown in Fig. 1 C, a vibrating device 140 is inserted in the gypsum filter cake 19, therefore this filter cake 19 partial dehydration has also reduced water content.Like this, make its further dehydration by on filter cake 19, applying vibration.The water that has obtained on gypsum filter cake emits with a tapping equipment 130.Because this result who applies vibration, gypsum loses water and thereby the curing that becomes gradually.

When reaching a predetermined water content (be about 20% or still less), clamp it with a lift 500 at the flange place of groove 300, and it is risen for example about 20mm, as shown in Fig. 2 A.After groove 300 is raised, filter 250 is pulled out from system with a slide mechanism 600.Wash this filter 250 with water.

Then, the groove 300 of operate lifting machine 500 to put down rise, when it rests on the shelf 95 once more till.After this, with a press 260, the gypsum filter cake in the groove 19 is released downwards, as shown in Fig. 2 B.In this step, be applied to by vibration on the sidewall of groove a vibrator 550, can more easily discharge gypsum filter cake 19.

In addition, in this step, filter cake carrying lifter 510 grades receive the gypsum filter cake 19 of discharging, and it are transported to a preposition below groove.

After filter cake was discharged from, operate lifting machine 500 to be rising groove 300 once more, and washed filter 250 is pushed correct position.After this, once more groove 300 is reduced on the filter 250, so that groove 300 returns its initial state.Like this, one take turns the new cycle and restart from what the dehydration of Figure 1A began.

Fig. 3 illustrates the another kind of method and apparatus that is used for system that filter 250 is shifted out.This embodiment is such, and promptly filter 250 has an opening/closing device 255, and it is arranged on the bottom of groove 300, as shown in Fig. 3 A, and is discharging the step of filter cake 19, and filter 250 is opened, as shown in Fig. 3 B.After as shown in Fig. 2 B, filter cake 19 being released, handle opening/closing device 255 so that filter 250 is moved up and it is arranged on the bottom of groove 300 once more, as shown in Fig. 3 A downwards with press 260.

In this embodiment, opening/closing device 255 can comprise the mechanical device of the automatics of a use guide rail or working power cylinder, motor etc.

Fig. 4 illustrates an example of filter 250.Fig. 4 A illustrates its structure.Particularly, in order to keep the weight of groove, its nethermost layer comprises a punch metal 253, and it is with a kind of thick sheet metal manufacturing and have some large diameter punchings.The plane of this punch metal with many major diameter punchings is shown in Fig. 4 C.Being arranged on this punch metal 253 is a filter 252, and it is clipped between two punch metals 251, and a kind of metal sheet manufacturing of punch metal 251 usefulness also has the punching of many very minor diameters.Above-mentioned filter 252 can comprise silk screen or filter cloth.The plane of this punch metal with the punching of many very minor diameters is shown in Fig. 4 B.

As mentioned above, method of the present invention comprises makes a kind of slurry stand sedimentation, vibration and drain steps in a lautertuns, and discharges the gypsum filter cake took off water and to have solidified then from groove.

This separation of gypsum can be by being provided with many this grooves and they turned round displacement off and on a round turntable, carry out in the mode of batch operation continuously.And method of the present invention can be full-automatic by this way.

Fig. 5 and 6 illustrates a specific embodiment of this continuous batch-type solid-liquid separating equipment.The solid-liquid separating method of this equipment and this equipment of use will be described now, below.

Fig. 5 is the plane of the said equipment, and Fig. 6 is the profile of being done along Fig. 5 center line B-B.

At first, with reference to Fig. 5 each step with the solid-liquid separating method of this equipment is described.In this embodiment, be arranged to eight lautertuns 300-307 rounded and turn round displacement off and on, make and when groove turns around, finish Separation of Solid and Liquid in each lautertuns with a predetermined spacing.

In the equipment of Fig. 5, a kind of concentrate is admitted to 300 li of grooves through a concentrate supply pipe 120.After through a scheduled time, spacing of groove 300 rotation, and move to the occupied stop position of groove among Fig. 5 301.When groove 300 moves to the stop position of groove 302 thus, allow concentrate natural subsidence in the groove 300, so that produce the state shown in Figure 1B.After this, groove 300 moves a spacing and arrives stop position 303, emits the transparent supernatant that is produced at there with a tapping equipment 130.In addition, groove 300 moves every next spacing twice, and at stop position 304 and 305 places it is applied vibration.This state is shown in Fig. 1 C.

Then, groove 300 moves a spacing and emits the transparent supernatant that is produced at stop position 306 places.When groove 300 arrives stop position 307, rise groove 300 with a lift 500, and pull out filter 250 with a slide mechanism 600.After this, once more groove 300 is placed on the shelf 95, and with the gypsum that solidify in a press 260 drain tanks 300., again with lift 500 rise groove 300, insert filter 250 with slide mechanism 600, and once more groove 300 is placed on the filter 250 thereafter.

Then, groove 300 moves a spacing and arrives the stop position 300 of beginning, once more concentrate is sent in the groove there.Therefore, this equipment is a kind of batch-wise continuously, and each groove all stops a preset time section in each position in this equipment, and then with a predetermined spacing gyration.

Below, with reference to Fig. 5 applied rotating mechanism in this equipment is described.Groove 300-307 is arranged to rounded, and the shelf 95 that is used for these grooves is equipped with several wheels (Fig. 5 is not shown).These wheels are positioned on annular turntable 800 and 801.These turntables 800 and 801 usefulness connecting rods 802 are fixing each other.

The shelf 95 that each groove is put is thereon connected also fixing each other by stay bolt bar 805.

In addition, in the center of circle that these grooves are arranged in circle wherein a whirligig 700 is set.This whirligig 700 comprises a rod member 702, and it is along with the elongation of a power cylinder 701 or contraction and swing.The end of rod member 702 is pressed against in the push pedal 703 of an inboard that is arranged on each truss 95.Therefore, the revolving force of rod member 702 is delivered on truss 95 by push pedal 703, so that all grooves all move a spacing.After moving, because the result that power cylinder 701 shrinks, rod member 702 turns back to its original position.In this process, as described below, the end of rod member 702 does not contact with the push pedal 703 of the shelf 95 of next groove, has only rod member 702 to return all truss 95 of its original position and then stays the state that moves a spacing.In order when rod member 702 returns its original position, not contacting, alternately to change the upright position of push pedal, and for example make the end of rod member 702 adapt to the upright position of push pedal 703 and vertically mobile with next push pedal 703.

And a retainer 704 is used for control flume shelf 95, so that they stop at predetermined corresponding position after moving a spacing.In addition, these stop positions can come meticulous adjusting by the desired location that changes retainer 704 or analog.

Therefore, the power cylinder 701 whenever whirligig 700 extends once the just mobile spacing of these grooves.

In an illustrated embodiment, not shown vacuum plant.But, vacuum chamber of installation and when vacuumizing continuously, carry out this method below the filter that can be below being arranged on groove.Although alternately apply vibration and discharge transparent supernatant, when the transparent supernatant of discharging from groove, groove is applied vibration and also be fine.And, flowing out from the bottom a large amount of filtrates owing to leaving standstill a preset time section and to produce under the situation of a small amount of transparent supernatant, drain steps can be saved.In addition, if only just can discharge gypsum filter cake 19 by gravity, the press 260 and the operation of pushing with its will be unnecessary so.

As for the shape of groove, can use the groove that has any desired shape of openend in top and bottom, because the performance of groove does not depend on their shape.For example, groove can be depicted as cylindrical shape as Fig. 7 A, is depicted as square box shape as Fig. 7 B, is depicted as taper as Fig. 7 C, or is depicted as the shape that has big openend in the bottom than at the top as Fig. 7 D.

In addition, obviously, the invention is not restricted to the Separation of Solid and Liquid of gypsum slurry, it is applied to similar slurry can obtains identical effect.

Claims (10)

1. slurry solid-liquid separating method, this method may further comprise the steps: a kind of slurries are injected one be equipped with the groove of a moveable filter in its bottom, and allow contained solid matter natural subsidence in the slurry; On the discharging slurry, after the resulting transparent supernatant or when the described transparent supernatant of discharging, slurry is concentrated by described groove being applied vibration; And after slurry concentrates, remove described filter and below described groove discharge concentrate the solid filter cake that is produced by slurry.

2. slurry solid-liquid separating method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: be arranged to many described grooves rounded and be suitable for by revolution displacement off and on; By at place, a fixed position slurry being injected described groove successively and continuously slurry being sent in the described groove.

3. slurry solid-liquid separating method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, this method is carried out by this way, promptly a predetermined rest position, slurry is injected the described selected groove in the middle of many rounded grooves that is arranged to, therefrom discharge transparent supernatant in another rest position, in another rest position this selected groove is applied vibration, and discharge by the resulting solid filter cake of Separation of Solid and Liquid in another rest position, thereby when this selected groove makes a circle, finished the Separation of Solid and Liquid of slurry in the selected groove.

4. as the described slurry solid-liquid separating method of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that, with a vacuum plant be installed in a described groove or a plurality of grooves below so that vacuumize, and thereby quicken fluid separation applications via a filter or a plurality of filter.

5. slurry solid-liquid separating method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, at place, a fixed position, from described groove, discharge filter cake by following method, promptly rise described groove, remove described filter from the bottom of this groove and it is moved on to the next door, the described groove that descends is released filter cake then below described groove.

6. slurry solid-liquid separating method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, at place, a fixed position, from described groove, discharge filter cake by following method, promptly open described filter downwards from the bottom of described groove, below described groove, release filter cake, then described filter is closed to its original position.

7. as claim 5 or 6 described slurry solid-liquid separating methods, it is characterized in that when below described groove, releasing filter cake, vibrating the sidewall of described groove with a vibrator.

8. wash as claim 1,2,3,5 or 6 described slurry Separation of Solid and Liquid sides and it is characterized in that this slurry is a kind of gypsum slurry that forms as a kind of byproduct in based on the desulphurization system of wet type lime-gypsum method.

9. equipment that is used for the slurry Separation of Solid and Liquid, wherein: many grooves each all at moveable filter of its bottom assembling, these grooves are arranged to the rounded and suitable displacement of revolution off and on, and in corresponding rest position the device that is used for from the groove discharge water has been installed, has been used for device that groove is applied the device of vibration and is used to take off filter and the solid filter cake that discharge below groove produced, thereby when a selected groove turns around, finished the Separation of Solid and Liquid of slurry in this selected groove.

10. the equipment that is used for the slurry Separation of Solid and Liquid as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that: a vacuum plant is installed so that vacuumize via filter below described each groove, and thereby is quickened the separation of liquid.

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