CN110170618A - A kind of preparation method of large complicated wheel disc class formation precision castings - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of large complicated wheel disc class formation precision castings Download PDFInfo
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- CN110170618A CN110170618A CN201910533504.2A CN201910533504A CN110170618A CN 110170618 A CN110170618 A CN 110170618A CN 201910533504 A CN201910533504 A CN 201910533504A CN 110170618 A CN110170618 A CN 110170618A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- wheel disc
- class formation
- preparation
- casting
- precision castings
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C7/00—Patterns; Manufacture thereof so far as not provided for in other classes
- B22C7/02—Lost patterns
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
- B22C9/04—Use of lost patterns
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/22—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings
- B22C9/28—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings for wheels, rolls, or rollers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D46/00—Controlling, supervising, not restricted to casting covered by a single main group, e.g. for safety reasons
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to hot investment casting and technical field of material, specially a kind of preparation method of large complicated wheel disc class formation precision castings.Wax-pattern mould group is made first, prepares running gate system and compacting wax part, group weldering wax pattern.Then shell is prepared by specific process for making shell parameter.Finally, carrying out casting process simulation using Procast numerical simulation technology and high temperature alloy database, precision casting process parameter area is designed.And it is poured, cooled down, cleared up and detected under vacuum by determining casting technological parameter.Operation of the present invention is simple, is easy to control, and may be directly applied to production reality, has very big practicability and controllability, is conducive to the quality and performance that improve part.The present invention, which solves the problem of that large-scale wheel disc class formation precision castings metallurgical imperfection is easy to form, can efficiently and effectively solve that casting qualified rate is low and increased costs, have high economic benefit and long-range application prospect.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to hot investment casting and technical field of material, specially a kind of large complicated wheel disc class formation essence casting
The preparation method of part.
Background technique:
Large complicated wheel disc class formation precision castings (such as: large scale impeller, the turbine disk) are high megawatt of industrial combustion engine, naval vessel
Key component on engine, is widely used, and demand is big.Operating condition locating for this kind of part and environment are very severe, need
It is on active service at higher temperature and biggish aerodynamic loading, mechanical load conditions, while still suffering from high-temperature oxydation and heat erosion
Effect.Their function is under combustion gas effect, and the potential energy and pressure of combustion gas are converted into mechanical energy, generated huge by high-speed rotation
Big power.This just proposes higher requirement: enough obdurabilities, higher high temperature service life and anticorrosive energy of oxidation to part
Power.
The design of part such as large scale impeller, the turbine disk are more complicated, and inside is thick big solid green body, and outside is that a circle is thin
Wall small size blade, became uneven, overall dimension are big.It is easy to produce metallurgical imperfection and problem on deformation using Regular casting methods,
Qualification rate is low, at high cost, and quality requirement is not achieved.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation methods of large complicated wheel disc class formation precision castings, are suitable for all
The casting process of metal material, especially suitable for the hot investment casting process of wheel disc class formation part, solve this kind of part qualification rate it is low,
Problem at high cost.
The technical scheme is that
A kind of preparation method of large complicated wheel disc class formation precision castings, includes the following steps:
(1) wax-pattern mould group is made
Wax-pattern mould group is made of running gate system and wax part, and running gate system returns to mould material group by medium temperature and is welded into, standing time
36~120h；Wax part is suppressed by medium temperature mould material, 1~8h of standing time；Wax-pattern mould group 1~8h of standing time after combination；
(2) dedicated shell is manufactured
First surface layer slurry is evenly applied to form surface layer in wax-pattern mould group, after by backing layer slurry be coated on surface layer on, warp
After crossing dry and roasting, the composite shell of 5.5~15.0mm of shell thickness is made；
(3) it is poured casting
Shell calcined temperature is within the scope of 200~900 DEG C, 1~8h of time, is poured under the conditions of 1500~1600 DEG C of temperature
At casting；
(4) shell cleaning and inspection.
The preparation method of the large complicated wheel disc class formation precision castings, in step (2), shell is done by electro-corundum sand
Surface layer, granularmetric composition and mass fraction are as follows: 5~20 parts of 320 50~80 parts of mesh, 10~30 parts of 1000 mesh and 100 mesh.
The preparation method of the large complicated wheel disc class formation precision castings is 2~5 layers of quantity of electro-corundum sand surface layer, thick
Spend 0.5~3mm.
The preparation method of the large complicated wheel disc class formation precision castings, shell do backing layer, grain by electroquartz sand
Degree composition and mass fraction are as follows: 60 30~50 parts of mesh, 10~30 parts of 30 mesh, 5~20 parts of 16 mesh.
The preparation method of the large complicated wheel disc class formation precision castings is 3~6 layers of quantity of electroquartz sand backing layer, thick
Spend 1~5mm.
The preparation method of the large complicated wheel disc class formation precision castings, in step (3), using Procast Numerical-Mode
Quasi- technology and high temperature alloy database carry out casting process simulation, predict situations such as metallurgical imperfection is with mutually forming, and design accurate casting
Make process parameters range.
The preparation method of the large complicated wheel disc class formation precision castings, casting process parameters: temperature 1500~1600
DEG C, the time≤10s；Casting cooling technique parameter: 5~30 DEG C/min of cooling rate, time≤10s.
The preparation method of the large complicated wheel disc class formation precision castings, precision castings 0.5~3m of diameter, height 0.2~
1m。
The preparation method of the large complicated wheel disc class formation precision castings, this method are suitable for the casting of all metal materials
Process is made, the hot investment casting process especially suitable for wheel disc class formation part.
Design philosophy of the invention is:
The present invention uses a kind of advanced precision casting technology, by means such as numerical simulation, databases, mainly to mould group
Preparation process, shell manufacturing technology, Pouring control parameter are improved and are innovated, Lai Tigao large scale wheel body structural member
Quality level reduces production cost, improves casting qualified rate.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
1. the present invention solves the problems, such as that large complicated wheel disc class formation precision castings metallurgical imperfection is easy to form, can have conscientiously
Effect ground solves the problems, such as that casting qualified rate is low and increased costs, has high economic benefit and long-range application prospect.
2. the present invention have the characteristics that technique it is advanced, it is easy to operate, be easy to control, may be directly applied to production actually,
With very big practicability and controllability, be conducive to the quality and performance that improve part.
3. the present invention uses advanced precision casting technology, mould group preparation process and shell manufacturing technology are improved, and
By numerical simulation technology, casting process is optimized, forms probability to reduce the metallurgical imperfection of large scale wheel body structural member,
Improve the qualification rate of casting.
Detailed description of the invention:
Prepared high temperature alloy K41 wheel disc guider shell pattern under the conditions of Fig. 1 embodiment 1.
Prepared high temperature alloy K41 wheel disc guider pattern under the conditions of Fig. 2 embodiment 1.
The pattern of prepared high temperature alloy MM247 entirety guider under the conditions of Fig. 3 embodiment 2.
The pattern of prepared high temperature alloy IN937 entirety guider under the conditions of Fig. 4 embodiment 3.
Specific embodiment:
In the specific implementation process, the preparation method of the large complicated wheel disc class formation precision castings of the present invention, using Procast
Numerical simulation technology and Thermal-Calc nickel base superalloy database carry out casting process simulation, and prediction metallurgical imperfection is formed
Situation determines technological parameter, specific as follows: the first step, makes wax-pattern mould group: mould material is returned using medium temperature, and running gate system is made,
Wax part is suppressed using medium temperature mould material.Second step manufactures dedicated shell: doing surface layer, granularmetric composition and matter using electro-corundum sand
Measure number are as follows: 5~20 parts of 320 50~80 parts of mesh, 10~30 parts of 1000 mesh and 100 mesh.Backing layer, grain are done using electroquartz sand
Degree composition and mass fraction are as follows: 60 30~50 parts of mesh, 10~30 parts of 30 mesh, 5~20 parts of 16 mesh.First surface layer slurry is uniformly coated
In in mould group, after backing layer slurry is coated in surface layer.Composite shell is made after drying and roasting.Third step, casting casting
Part: shell calcined temperature is within the scope of 200~900 DEG C, time 1h or more.Casting is poured under the conditions of 1500~1600 DEG C of temperature
Part.Finally, cleaning shell, carries out visual, fluorescence, x-ray examination.
In the present invention, Procast numerical simulation technology refers to: using ProCAST casting process simulation softward, (purchase is external
Legal copy), grid dividing is carried out using non-homogeneous tetrahedron element, the numerical value in conjunction with finite element calculates and the comprehensive side solved
Method carries out numerical simulation to Filling Processes of Castings, solidification and cooling procedure.By to casting the flow field of process of setting, temperature field and
Coupled field between its they carries out analogue simulation, is based on finite element method, can predict aluminium alloy in casting process
The type of flow, the position and severity that coagulation defect generates.To determine that optimised process, Optimizing Process Parameters shorten experiment week
Phase reduces production cost and provides theoretical foundation.
In the present invention, Thermal-Calc nickel base superalloy database is a kind of software for calculation of thermodynamics.It is soft
Database in part is to use CALPHAD technology, what Binding experiment and gross data were made.Use Thermal-Calc software
Nickel base superalloy database, based on database provide thermodynamic data, calculate each phase of high temperature alloy under equilibrium state
Composition, each phase Precipitation Temperature, phase volume fraction.The high temperature alloy in process of setting is calculated using Scheil-Gulliver model
Each phase composition, each phase Precipitation Temperature, phase volume fraction.
In the following, being further elaborated on by embodiment and attached drawing to the present invention.
Embodiment 1
In the present embodiment, high temperature alloy K41 wheel disc guider, large complicated wheel disc class formation essence casting are manufactured using the technology
Part the preparation method is as follows:
The first step makes wax-pattern mould group: returning to mould material using medium temperature and running gate system is made, place use after 36h.It utilizes
Medium temperature mould material suppresses wax part, places group weldering wax part after 1h, and the mould group combined is cleaned after placing 2h.Second step manufactures tailored version
Shell: surface layer, granularmetric composition and mass fraction are done using electro-corundum sand are as follows: 320 50 parts of mesh, 30 parts of 1000 mesh, 20 parts of 100 mesh,
2 layers of the number of plies, thickness 0.6mm.Backing layer, 50 parts of 60 mesh of granularmetric composition, 30 parts of 30 mesh, 20 parts of 16 mesh, number are done using electroquartz sand
6 layers of amount, thickness 4.8mm.Surface layer slurry is evenly applied in mould group, backing layer slurry is coated in surface layer, by dry and roasting
The composite shell (Fig. 1) of shell thickness 12.0mm is made after burning.Third step, be poured casting: shell is in 900 DEG C of burn-in time 1h of temperature.
It is poured under the conditions of 1500~1600 DEG C of temperature, time 6s.After casting, cooling rate is controlled in 20~25 DEG C/min, and casting pattern is shown in
Fig. 2.Finally, cleaning shell, carries out visual, fluorescence, x-ray examination.The result shows that: the surface quality of continuous castings, internal soundness and ruler
It is very little all to meet technical requirements.
Embodiment 2
In the present embodiment, the centripetal wheel casting of high temperature alloy MM247, large complicated wheel disc class formation essence are manufactured using the technology
Casting the preparation method is as follows:
The first step makes wax-pattern mould group: returning to mould material using medium temperature and running gate system is made, place use after 36h.It utilizes
Medium temperature mould material suppresses wax part, and group is burn-on wax part after placing 1h, and the mould group combined is cleaned after placing 2h.Second step manufactures dedicated
Shell: surface layer, granularmetric composition and mass fraction are done using electro-corundum sand are as follows: 320 40 parts of mesh, 20 parts of 1000 mesh, 100 mesh 16
Part, 3 layers of the number of plies, thickness 1.2mm.Backing layer is done using electroquartz sand, 43 parts of 60 mesh of granularmetric composition, 20 parts of 30 mesh, 20 parts of 16 mesh,
5 layers of quantity, thickness 4.1mm.Surface layer slurry is evenly applied in mould group, backing layer slurry is coated in surface layer, by dry and
The composite shell of shell thickness 11.0mm is made after roasting.Third step, be poured casting: shell is in 200 DEG C of burn-in time 3h of temperature.In temperature
It is poured at 1520 DEG C of degree, time 4s.After casting, cooling rate is controlled in 15~20 DEG C/min, and casting pattern is shown in Fig. 3.Finally, cleaning type
Shell carries out visual, fluorescence, x-ray examination.The result shows that: the surface quality of continuous castings, internal soundness and size all meet technology and want
It asks.
Embodiment 3
In the present embodiment, high temperature alloy IN937 entirety guider, large complicated wheel disc class formation essence are manufactured using the technology
Casting the preparation method is as follows:
The first step makes wax-pattern mould group: returning to mould material using medium temperature and running gate system is made, place use after 48h.It utilizes
Medium temperature mould material suppresses wax part, and group is burn-on wax part after placing 2h, and the mould group combined is cleaned after placing 5h.Second step manufactures dedicated
Shell: surface layer, granularmetric composition and mass fraction are done using electro-corundum sand are as follows: 320 40 parts of mesh, 20 parts of 1000 mesh, 100 mesh 16
Part, 3 layers of the number of plies, thickness 1.2mm.Backing layer is done using electroquartz sand, 49 parts of 60 mesh of granularmetric composition, 20 parts of 30 mesh, 13 parts of 16 mesh,
5 layers of quantity, thickness 4.1mm.Surface layer slurry is evenly applied in mould group, backing layer slurry is coated in surface layer, by dry and
The composite shell of shell thickness 11.0mm is made after roasting.Third step, be poured casting: shell is in 500 DEG C of burn-in time 3h of temperature.In temperature
It is poured at 1590 DEG C of degree, time 7s.After casting, cooling rate is controlled in 12~15 DEG C/min, and casting pattern is shown in Fig. 4.Finally, cleaning type
Shell carries out visual, fluorescence, x-ray examination.The result shows that: the surface quality of continuous castings, internal soundness and size all meet technology and want
It asks.
Embodiment the result shows that, the preparation method using the large complicated wheel disc class formation precision castings of the present invention can have conscientiously
Effect ground solves the problems, such as that large-scale wheel disc class formation precision castings metallurgical imperfection is easy to form, can efficiently and effectively solve casting qualification
The problem of rate is low and increased costs, has high economic benefit and long-range application prospect.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of preparation method of large complicated wheel disc class formation precision castings, which comprises the steps of:
(1) wax-pattern mould group is made
Wax-pattern mould group is made of running gate system and wax part, and running gate system returns to mould material group by medium temperature and is welded into, and standing time 36~
120h；Wax part is suppressed by medium temperature mould material, 1~8h of standing time；Wax-pattern mould group 1~8h of standing time after combination；
(2) dedicated shell is manufactured
First surface layer slurry is evenly applied to form surface layer in wax-pattern mould group, after by backing layer slurry be coated on surface layer on, through overdrying
After dry and roasting, the composite shell of 5.5~15.0mm of shell thickness is made；
(3) it is poured casting
Shell calcined temperature is within the scope of 200~900 DEG C, 1~8h of time, pours into casting under the conditions of 1500~1600 DEG C of temperature
Part；
(4) shell cleaning and inspection.
2. the preparation method of large complicated wheel disc class formation precision castings described in accordance with the claim 1, which is characterized in that step
(2) in, shell does surface layer, granularmetric composition and mass fraction by electro-corundum sand are as follows: and 320 50~80 parts of mesh, 1000 mesh 10~
30 parts and 5~20 parts of 100 mesh.
3. the preparation method of large complicated wheel disc class formation precision castings according to claim 2, which is characterized in that electric smelting is rigid
Beautiful 2~5 layers of sand surface layer quantity, 0.5~3mm of thickness.
4. the preparation method of large complicated wheel disc class formation precision castings described in accordance with the claim 1, which is characterized in that shell by
Electroquartz sand does backing layer, granularmetric composition and mass fraction are as follows: 60 30~50 parts of mesh, 10~30 parts of 30 mesh, 16 mesh 5~20
Part.
5. the preparation method of large complicated wheel disc class formation precision castings according to claim 4, which is characterized in that electric smelting stone
3~6 layers of sand backing layer quantity, 1~5mm of thickness.
6. the preparation method of large complicated wheel disc class formation precision castings described in accordance with the claim 1, which is characterized in that step
(3) in, casting process simulation is carried out using Procast numerical simulation technology and high temperature alloy database, prediction metallurgical imperfection and
Situations such as mutually being formed designs precision casting process parameter area.
7. the preparation method of large complicated wheel disc class formation precision castings according to claim 6, which is characterized in that pourer
Skill parameter: 1500~1600 DEG C of temperature, the time≤10s；Casting cooling technique parameter: 5~30 DEG C/min of cooling rate, time≤10s.
8. the preparation method of large complicated wheel disc class formation precision castings described in accordance with the claim 1, which is characterized in that precision castings
0.5~3m of diameter, 0.2~1m of height.
9. according to the preparation method of large complicated wheel disc class formation precision castings described in one of claim 1 to 8, feature exists
In this method is suitable for the casting process of all metal materials, the hot investment casting process especially suitable for wheel disc class formation part.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113680963A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2021-11-23 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Size control method of 3D printing impeller wax mold for precision casting |
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Application publication date: 20190827 |