CN110170303A - A kind of heavy-metal adsorption material and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
A kind of heavy-metal adsorption material and its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN110170303A CN110170303A CN201910498203.0A CN201910498203A CN110170303A CN 110170303 A CN110170303 A CN 110170303A CN 201910498203 A CN201910498203 A CN 201910498203A CN 110170303 A CN110170303 A CN 110170303A
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- heavy
- metal adsorption
- adsorption material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/02—Extraction using liquids, e.g. washing, leaching, flotation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
- B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
- B01J2220/48—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation
- B01J2220/4812—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation the starting material being of organic character
- B01J2220/4825—Polysaccharides or cellulose materials, e.g. starch, chitin, sawdust, wood, straw, cotton
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of heavy-metal adsorption materials and its preparation method and application, take straw core first, and straw core is sheared to form inner core segment；Middle water is taken, and the pH value of middle water is adjusted to 5-7；Then inner core segment is placed in middle water and is impregnated, when the TOC value of soak is greater than 40mg/L, stalk humic liquid, the as heavy-metal adsorption material is obtained by filtration.It is provided by the present invention that straw core is impregnated by using middle water, obtain the heavy-metal adsorption material；Without heating in preparation process, energy is not consumed, does not add any organic matter in process of production, chemical contamination will not be generated；Preparation method is simple, easy to operate, is convenient for large-scale serial production；For raw material, raw material is cheap and easy to get, safety and environmental protection, without secondary pollution for water and stalk in using；Meanwhile realizing recycling for middle water；Heavy-metal adsorption material is used to handle the heavy metal ion in soil, and operating method is simple, practical.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Heavy Metal Pollution Control technical field, in particular to a kind of heavy-metal adsorption material and its preparation side
Method and application.
Background technique
Currently, the agricultural planting soil in China there is a problem of one it is extremely serious be exactly that heavy metal in soil content is big, especially
It is chemical plant and mining area, such as the heavy metals such as Cr VI and lead ion, and its rough surface that stalk relies on, internal porous,
It is conducive to the physical absorption to heavy metal to specific surface area ambassador, in the prior art usually using to the cellulose contained in stalk
It is modified processing with hemicellulose, so that it is contained a variety of functional groups such as hydroxyl and carboxyl and the heavy metal ion in soil is carried out
It absorbs；It is specific to be smashed using whole stalk to be put into, organic substance is added, by stalk cellulose and hemicellulose it is modified
It is acid or alkalinity to handle soil, but processing method is complicated, it is difficult to produce in batches；Exist simultaneously for modified organic substance
It is also possible to generating pollution when handling stalk；Treatment process needs to heat simultaneously, can consume mass energy, is not easy batch and puts into life
It produces.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art and defect, it is an object of the invention to propose a kind of heavy-metal adsorption material
And its preparation method and application.
The present invention proposes technical solution below:
The present invention provides a kind of preparation methods of heavy-metal adsorption material, comprising the following steps:
Step 1 takes straw core, and straw core is sheared to form inner core segment；
Step 2 takes middle water, and the pH value of middle water is adjusted to 5-7；
Inner core segment is placed in middle water and impregnates by step 3, and when the TOC value of soak is greater than 40mg/L, straw are obtained by filtration
Stalk humic liquid and stalk residue, stalk humic liquid are the heavy-metal adsorption material.
Further, the stalk of step 1 is one in corn stover inner core, wheat stalk inner core or broomcorn straw inner core
Kind.
Further, pH is adjusted to 6.
Further, soaking temperature is 25-30 DEG C, and soak cycle is 35-40 days.
Further, middle water is using water in sewage source.
Further, the length of inner core segment is 2-3cm.
The present invention also provides a kind of applications of heavy-metal adsorption material, and soil to be processed is mixed with heavy-metal adsorption material
It closes, in the case where the stirring of 5-20mL/min elutes rate, stirring elution 2-8h；After the completion of stirring elution, centrifugation, after filtering to handle
Soil and filtrate.
Further, filtrate is adsorbed using stalk residue, until filtrate reaches discharge standard.
Further, centrifugation rate 3000-6000rpm, centrifugation time 5-20min.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the benefit that
A kind of preparation method of heavy-metal adsorption material provided by the present invention carries out straw core by using middle water
Impregnate, in middle water in the effect of microorganism promote organic matter in stalk and discharge, the humic acid of release, fulvic acid, solubility
Albumen, soluble lipids, Dissolved Organic Matter are dissolved in formation stalk humic liquid in middle water；The organic matter of release improves stalk
The TOC value of humic liquid, the TOC in stalk humic liquid can promote Heavy Metals to convert, be conducive to heavy metal from soil
Elution.Without heating in preparation process of the present invention, energy is not consumed, does not add any organic matter in process of production,
Chemical contamination will not be generated；Preparation method is simple, easy to operate, is convenient for large-scale serial production.
Further, soaking temperature is beneficial to microorganism in middle water and grows at 25-30 DEG C, while accelerating stalk humic
The leaching rate of liquid.
Further, middle water is avoided using water in sewage source and introduces heavy metal ion in preparation process, improved
The absorption property of heavy-metal adsorption material accelerates the leaching rate of organic matter in stalk.
Further, the pH of heavy-metal adsorption material is adjusted to 6, close with the pH of soil, avoids adsorbent material to soil
The pH of earth is impacted；PH is highest to the fixed efficiency of heavy metal ion when being 6, and is beneficial to microbe survival.
The present invention also provides a kind of heavy-metal adsorption material, use in water and stalk for raw material, raw material is cheap and easy to get, peace
Loopful is protected, without secondary pollution；Meanwhile realizing recycling for middle water.
The present invention also provides a kind of applications of heavy-metal adsorption material, by using in heavy-metal adsorption material and soil
Heavy metal ion bind directly, increase adsorption effect, treatment process, which directlys adopt, elutes soil, operating method letter
It is single, it is practical.
Further, using stalk residue, to treated, filtrate carries out second adsorption, realizes the effective of stalk residue
It utilizes, treated, and filtrate can be used for directly irrigating the green plant of flowers, improve recycling for water.
Specific embodiment
Below and embodiment invention is further described in detail, the explanation of the invention is not limited.
A kind of preparation method of heavy-metal adsorption material of the present invention, comprising the following steps:
A kind of preparation method of heavy-metal adsorption material, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1 removes the peel stalk, obtains straw core；And straw core is sheared to the inner core segment of 2-3cm long；Straw
Stalk is one of corn stover, wheat stalk or broomcorn straw；
Step 2 takes middle water, and pH is adjusted to 5-7；Preferably, middle water uses water in sewage source,
Inner core segment is put into middle water and impregnates by step 3, and soaking temperature is 25-30 DEG C, and soak cycle is 35-40 days；When
When the TOC value of soak is greater than 40, stalk humic liquid and stalk residue is obtained by filtration, stalk humic liquid is that the heavy metal is inhaled
Enclosure material.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of heavy-metal adsorption material, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1 strips the outer layer of corn stover, obtains corn stover inner core, and corn stover inner core is cut into 3cm's
Inner core segment；
Step 2 takes water in sewage source, and the pH of water in sewage source is adjusted to 5；
Inner core segment is put into middle water and impregnates by step 3, and when the TOC value in soak is greater than 60, stalk is obtained by filtration
Humic liquid and stalk residue, stalk humic liquid is heavy-metal adsorption material；Under conditions of soaking temperature is 25 DEG C, soak cycle
It is 40 days.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of heavy-metal adsorption material, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1 strips the outer layer of wheat stalk, obtains wheat stalk inner core, and wheat stalk inner core is cut into 2.5cm
Inner core segment；
Step 2 takes water in sewage source, and the pH of middle water is adjusted to 6；
Inner core segment is put into middle water and impregnates by step 3, and when measuring the TOC value in middle water greater than 50, stalk is obtained by filtration
Humic liquid and stalk residue, stalk humic liquid is heavy-metal adsorption material；Under conditions of soaking temperature is 27 DEG C, soak cycle
It is 38 days.
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method of heavy-metal adsorption material, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1 strips the outer layer of broomcorn straw, obtains straw core, the inner core that straw core is cut into 2cm is small
Section, it is spare；
Step 2 takes middle water, and the pH of middle water is adjusted to 7, spare；
Inner core segment is put into middle water and impregnates by step 3, and when measuring the TOC value in middle water greater than 40, stalk is obtained by filtration
Humic liquid and stalk residue, stalk humic liquid is heavy-metal adsorption material；Under conditions of soaking temperature is 30 DEG C, soak cycle
It is 35 days.
The present invention also provides a kind of application of heavy-metal adsorption material, heavy-metal adsorption material is used to handle the weight in soil
Metal ion, specifically includes the following steps:
Firstly, soil to be processed is mixed with heavy-metal adsorption material；Then, rate is eluted in the stirring of 5-20mL/min
Under, stirring elution 2-8h is centrifuged after the completion of stirring elution；Centrifugation rate is 3000-6000rpm, centrifugation time 5-20min；
Then treated soil and filtrate is filtered to obtain；Finally, adsorbing using stalk residue to filtrate, stalk is further utilized
In TOC, while being realized to the heavy metal ion adsorbed effect after processing in waste liquid using stalk residue.
Embodiment 4
It is tested in the present embodiment using first to fourth group of soil sample, wherein be containing lead concentration in first group of soil sample
19.98mg/L containing lead concentration is 9.98mg/L in second group of soil sample, containing lead concentration is 44.865mg/L in third group soil sample, the
Containing lead concentration in four groups of soil samples is 85.7mg/L.
(1) it weighs first group of soil sample 50g to be placed in container, the heavy metal adsorption that TOC value is 60mg/L is added in a reservoir
Material 500mL, in the case where the stirring of 5mL/min elutes rate, stirring elution 8h is centrifuged, centrifugation rate is after the completion of stirring elution
6000rpm, centrifugation time 5min, is then filtered, the soil that obtains that treated, after atom absorption method detection processing
The content of lead concentration in soil.
Experiment results proved, the heavy-metal adsorption material that TOC value is 60mg/L are to the removal rate of lead in first group of soil sample
65.24%.
(2) it weighs second group of soil sample 100g to be placed in container, the heavy metal adsorption that TOC value is 60mg/L is added in a reservoir
Material 500mL, in the case where the stirring of 10mL/min elutes rate, stirring elution 6h, centrifugation rate is after the completion of stirring elution
5000rpm, centrifugation time 10min；Filtering, the soil that obtains that treated, using the soil after atom absorption method detection processing
The content of lead concentration in earth.
Experiment results proved, the heavy-metal adsorption material that TOC value is 60mg/L are to the removal rate of lead in second group of soil sample
50.44%.
(3) it weighs third group soil sample 150g to be placed in container, the heavy metal adsorption that TOC value is 60mg/L is added in a reservoir
Material 500mL, in the case where the stirring of 15mL/min elutes rate, stirring elution 4h, centrifugation rate after the completion of stirring elution
4000rpm, centrifugation time 15min；Filtering, the soil that obtains that treated, using the soil after atom absorption method detection processing
The content of lead concentration in earth.
Experiment results proved, the heavy-metal adsorption material that TOC value is 60mg/L are to the removal rate of lead in third group soil sample
38.25%.
(4) it weighs the 4th group of soil sample 200g to be placed in container, the heavy metal adsorption that TOC value is 60mg/L is added in a reservoir
Material 500mL, in the case where the stirring of 20mL/min elutes rate, stirring elution 2h, centrifugation rate is after the completion of stirring elution
3000rpm, centrifugation time 20min；Filtering, the soil that obtains that treated, using the soil after atom absorption method detection processing
The content of lead concentration in earth.
Experiment results proved, the heavy-metal adsorption material that TOC value is 60mg/L are to the removal rate of lead in the 4th group of soil sample
18.65%.
(5) it weighs first group of soil sample 200g to be placed in container, the heavy metal adsorption that TOC value is 40mg/L is added in a reservoir
Material 1000mL, in the case where the stirring of 20mL/min elutes rate, stirring elution 8h, centrifugation rate is after the completion of stirring elution
6000rpm, centrifugation time 5min；Filtering, the soil that obtains that treated, using the soil after atom absorption method detection processing
In lead concentration content.
Experiment results proved, the heavy-metal adsorption material that TOC value is 40mg/L are to the removal rate of lead in first group of soil sample
26.20%.
(6) it weighs second group of soil sample 150g to be placed in container, the heavy metal adsorption that TOC value is 50mg/L is added in a reservoir
Material 1000mL, in the case where the stirring of 15mL/min elutes rate, stirring elution 6h, centrifugation rate is after the completion of stirring elution
5000rpm, centrifugation time 10min；Filtering, the soil that obtains that treated, using the soil after atom absorption method detection processing
The content of lead concentration in earth.
Experiment results proved, the heavy-metal adsorption material that TOC value is 50mg/L are to the removal rate of lead in second group of soil sample
33.53%.
(7) it weighs third group soil sample 100g to be placed in container, the heavy metal adsorption that TOC value is 40mg/L is added in a reservoir
Material 1000mL, in the case where the stirring of 10mL/min elutes rate, stirring elution 4h, centrifugation rate after the completion of stirring elution
4000rpm, centrifugation time 15min；The soil that obtains that treated, using in the soil after atom absorption method detection processing
The content of lead concentration.
Experiment results proved, the heavy-metal adsorption material that TOC value is 40mg/L are to the removal rate of lead in third group soil sample
12.66%.
(8) it weighs the 4th group of soil sample 50g to be placed in container, the heavy metal adsorption that TOC value is 50mg/L is added in a reservoir
Material 1000mL, in the case where the stirring of 5mL/min elutes rate, stirring elution 2h, centrifugation rate is after the completion of stirring elution
3000rpm, centrifugation time 20min；The soil that obtains that treated, using in the soil after atom absorption method detection processing
The content of lead concentration.
Experiment results proved, the heavy-metal adsorption material that TOC value is 50mg/L are to the removal rate of lead in the 4th group of soil sample
26.32%.
Interpretation of result:
According to embodiment 4 the result shows that, in the identical situation of stirring duration of oscillation, the one of lead content in soil sample soil
When cause, stalk humic liquid TOC value is bigger, and after agitated elution, the removal rate of lead is higher in soil sample soil, heavy-metal adsorption material
Middle lead content generally increases.When the lead content in soil is inconsistent, and the value of stalk humic liquid TOC is consistent, with the lead in soil
Content increases, and the lead content in humic liquid increases.
When stirring duration of oscillation is different, under identical soil lead tolerance and the identical situation of stalk humic liquid TOC value, straw
Lead content in stalk humic liquid is strictly that the time is longer, and the lead content measured in solution is bigger；Wherein the stirring elution time is 4h
When, the efficiency that heavy-metal adsorption material elutes heavy metal soil is more excellent.
To sum up, extend stirring and elute the progress that the time is conducive to reaction；Increase the progress that Content of Pb in Soil is unfavorable for reaction；
Increase the progress that stirring elution rate is unfavorable for reaction；Influence of the centrifugation rate to reaction effect is unobvious.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of heavy-metal adsorption material, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1 takes straw core, and straw core is sheared to form inner core segment；
Step 2 takes middle water, and the pH value of middle water is adjusted to 5-7；
Inner core segment is placed in middle water and impregnates by step 3, and when the TOC value of soak is greater than 40mg/L, stalk corruption is obtained by filtration
Liquid and stalk residue are grown, stalk humic liquid is the heavy-metal adsorption material.
2. a kind of preparation method of heavy-metal adsorption material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the stalk of step 1
For one of corn stover inner core, wheat stalk inner core or broomcorn straw inner core.
3. a kind of preparation method of heavy-metal adsorption material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that pH is adjusted to 6.
4. a kind of preparation method of heavy-metal adsorption material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that soaking temperature is
25-30 DEG C, soak cycle is 35-40 days.
5. a kind of preparation method of heavy-metal adsorption material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that middle water is using life
Water in source of sewage.
6. a kind of preparation method of heavy-metal adsorption material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the length of inner core segment
Degree is 2-3cm.
7. a kind of heavy-metal adsorption material, which is characterized in that prepared using the preparation method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6
It obtains.
8. a kind of application of heavy-metal adsorption material according to claim 7, which is characterized in that heavy-metal adsorption material is used
Heavy metal ion in processing soil；Specifically, soil to be processed is mixed with heavy-metal adsorption material, in 5-20mL/min
Stirring elution rate under, stirring elution 2-8h；After the completion of stirring elution, treated soil and filtrate is filtered to obtain in centrifugation.
9. a kind of application of heavy-metal adsorption material according to claim 8, which is characterized in that using stalk residue to filter
Liquid is adsorbed, until filtrate reaches discharge standard.
10. a kind of application of heavy-metal adsorption material according to claim 9, which is characterized in that centrifugation rate 3000-
6000rpm, centrifugation time 5-20min.
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2019
- 2019-06-10 CN CN201910498203.0A patent/CN110170303A/en active Pending
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Application publication date: 20190827 |