CN110167115A - Wireless body area network MAC protocol, communication means and system based on wake-up mechanism - Google Patents
Wireless body area network MAC protocol, communication means and system based on wake-up mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- CN110167115A CN110167115A CN201910420598.2A CN201910420598A CN110167115A CN 110167115 A CN110167115 A CN 110167115A CN 201910420598 A CN201910420598 A CN 201910420598A CN 110167115 A CN110167115 A CN 110167115A
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- 230000006854 communication Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 108700026140 MAC combination Proteins 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000002618 waking effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 101100172132 Mus musculus Eif3a gene Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000017667 Chronic Disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000005180 public health Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
- H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
- H04W52/0225—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of external events, e.g. the presence of a signal
- H04W52/0229—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of external events, e.g. the presence of a signal where the received signal is a wanted signal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
- H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
- H04W74/0808—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA]
- H04W74/0816—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA] with collision avoidance
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
- H04W4/38—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for collecting sensor information
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W80/00—Wireless network protocols or protocol adaptations to wireless operation
- H04W80/02—Data link layer protocols
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
Wireless body area network MAC protocol based on wake-up mechanism, data service is divided into periodic traffic, on-demand business and random traffic three classes in the wireless body area network, the agreement constructs between coordinator and node wakes up channel and transmission channel, it wakes up channel and is used for transmission wake-up signal, transmission channel is used for transmission data；Also, coordinator sends wake-up signal so that node enters wake-up states to node by waking up channel in periodic traffic and on-demand business；Wake-up signal is sent to coordinator by waking up channel in random traffic interior joint, and enters wake-up states；For different nodes when channel confliction occur in transmission data, then prioritised transmission random traffic data pass through CSMA/CA competition mechanism transmission cycle business datum and on-demand business data.The present invention provides wireless body area network MAC protocol, communication means and system based on wake-up mechanism, and network energy consumption is lower, and high reliablity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless body area network fields, wireless body area network MAC protocol specifically based on wake-up mechanism, logical
Believe method and system.
Background technique
Along with the raising of Chinese society development and living standards of the people, everybody is higher and higher to the concern of health problem.
However, the problem of an aging population of today's society is got worse, it has also become the significant challenge of various circles of society's facing.In addition,
Chronic disease also has become the major public health problem for endangering the health of our people.If such disease can be examined as early as possible
It surveys, majority can all treat or prevent.
In this context, it is come into being with the wireless body area network technology of health supervision as the main purpose.Wireless body area network is
The different sensor node of human body different parts, function is placed in and short distance that human peripheral's mobile device forms is led to by some
Communication network, for monitoring human body situation or providing various wireless applications.In WBAN, MAC protocol determines the wireless of node
Channel usage mode and resource allocation conditions and the performance of WBAN are closely related.Therefore, study the MAC protocol of wireless body area network
It is of great significance to WBAN network performance is improved.
Nowadays several aspects: energy consumption are concentrated on to the research hotspot of the MAC protocol of wireless body area network, time delay can dose-effect
Rate, scalability, network efficiency, algorithm complexity.It generally believes that importance is successively successively decreased at present, i.e., how to be effectively reduced energy
Consumption, reducing time delay becomes the factor of design wireless body area network MAC protocol overriding concern.
It is as shown in Figure 1 the power consumption comparison diagram of wireless communication, it can be seen from the figure that in the life cycle of wireless body area network
In, node energy consumption is mainly derived from sending and receiving for radio frequency template, and least percentage shared by energy consumption is node
Sleep period.Therefore, energy consumption can be sent and received by reducing by reducing energy consumption, avoided idle listening, increased sleeping time etc.
Method is realized.Since MAC protocol directly controls the radio-frequency module of node, the design of wireless body area network MAC protocol is to net
Network energy consumption has important influence.
Up to the present, researcher has proposed a large amount of MAC protocols, on the one hand by reducing data traffic, reducing data
Conflict improves network performance using low duty ratio mechanism etc. to reduce network energy consumption.
Document " Henna S, Sajeel M, Bashir F, et al.A fair contention access scheme
for low-priority traffic in wireless body area networks[J].Sensors,2017,17
(9): a kind of superframe structure based on adaptive-flow priority is proposed in 1931-1951. ", it can be reduced in the CAP period
Contention, and provide fair opportunity for low-priority traffic.
Document " Yang O, Heinzelman W.Modeling and Performance Analysis for Duty-
Cycled MAC Protocols with Applications to S-MAC and X-MAC[J].IEEE
Transactions on Mobile Computing, 2012,11 (6): the S-MAC that 905-921. " is proposed is accounted for by using low
Sky periodically can be worked and be slept than mechanism, node, can reduce network due to idle listening bring energy consumption, and adopt
With the method for avoiding cross-talk and message transmission, reduce cross-talk and control overhead.Such MAC protocol uses duty ratio mechanism, i.e.,
Node energy is saved by allowing node to enter sleep.Although but with periodic sleep MAC protocol can energy-conservation energy consumption,
But event cannot be handled in time in sleep, the urgent significant data for needing to transmit may be lost or be delayed, causes to cause tight
The consequence of weight.
The mechanism that energy consumption is effectively reduced in another kind is using wake-up scheme.
Document " Pande H, Kharat M U.Modified WiseMAC protocol for energy
efficient wireless sensor networks with better throughput[C].International
Conference on Internet of Things&Applications.IEEE, the Wise- that 2016:364-367. " is proposed
It is leading equal to the wake-up in sampling period that MAC transmits a size before each data frame, to ensure the data portion when data packet
When arrival, recipient will be in wake-up states, and this technology provides low-down power consumption when the channel is idle.
Document " Ullah N, Khan P, Kwak K S.A very low power MAC (VLPM) protocol for
Wireless body area networks [J] .Sensors, 2011,11 (4): the VLPM that 3717-3737. " is proposed is to be based on
The low-power MAC protocol that existing wake on wireless method for electrically proposes, is divided into uplink and downlink traffic for flow, node is matched
Standby low power wake-up transceiver, reduces energy consumption by increasing the node sleep time.But the agreement is suitable for having low industry
The condition of business amount.The case where for heavy traffic, needs to optimize.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve deficiency in the prior art, the present invention provides wireless body area network MAC protocol based on wake-up mechanism, logical
Believe method and system, network energy consumption is lower, and high reliablity.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention use the specific scheme is that the wireless body area network MAC based on wake-up mechanism is assisted
It discusses, data service is divided into periodic traffic, on-demand business and random traffic three classes in the wireless body area network, and the agreement is being coordinated
Building wakes up channel and transmission channel between device and node, wakes up channel and is used for transmission wake-up signal, transmission channel is used for transmission
Data；Also, coordinator sends wake-up signal so that node to node by waking up channel in periodic traffic and on-demand business
Into wake-up states；Wake-up signal is sent to coordinator by waking up channel in random traffic interior joint, and enters and wakes up shape
State；Different nodes are when channel confliction occur in transmission data, prioritised transmission random traffic data, then pass through CSMA/CA and compete
Mechanism transmission cycle business datum and on-demand business data.
The communication means of wireless body area network MAC protocol based on wake-up mechanism,
The communication process of the random traffic includes:
S11, node send wake-up signal to coordinator by waking up channel；
S12, coordinator return to ACK frame after receiving wake-up signal, then send beacon frame to node；
S13, wake-up signal is retransmitted if node does not receive ACK frame or beacon frame, until receiving beacon frame；
S14, node send data to coordinator by transmission channel；
S15, coordinator receive and return to ACK frame to node after data；
S16, communication process terminates if node receives ACK frame, if node does not receive ACK frame and sends data again；
The communication process of the periodic traffic or the on-demand business includes:
S21, coordinator send wake-up signal to coordinator by waking up channel according to the period of setting；
S22, node receive and return to ACK frame to coordinator after wake-up signal；
S23, wake-up signal is retransmitted if coordinator does not receive ACK frame, until receiving ACK frame；
S24, coordinator receive ACK frame and then send beacon frame to node；
S25, node monitor data channel into wait state after receiving beacon frame；
Node sends data to coordinator by transmission channel when S26, channel idle to be transmitted；
S27, coordinator receive and return to ACK frame to node after data；
S28, communication process terminates if node receives ACK frame, if node does not receive ACK frame and sends data again.
As a preferred embodiment, it in S16, has sent if data do not receive ACK frame yet several times if node by data
It abandons.
As a preferred embodiment, it in S28, has sent if data do not receive ACK frame yet several times if node by data
It abandons.
The system of wireless body area network MAC protocol based on wake-up mechanism, including coordinator and with coordinator wirelessly communicate connect
Several nodes connect, node include wireless awakening circuit.
The utility model has the advantages that the present invention is based on IEEE 802.15.6 communication standard, each sensor node increase by one it is additional
Super low-power consumption wake-up circuit, node default conditions are sleep state, can largely reduce network energy consumption；According to difference
The characteristics of priority, takes different wake-up mechanisms, and when multiple nodes wake up encounter conflict simultaneously, using random back etc.
To collision avoidance strategy, can guarantee the real-time and reliability of high-priority service.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the power consumption comparison diagram of wireless communication；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of wireless awakening circuit in the specific embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the state migration procedure schematic diagram of interior joint of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the Channel distribution mode schematic diagram of MAC protocol of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the communication process flow chart of random traffic in communication means of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the communication process flow chart of periodic traffic or on-demand business in communication means of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the network topology structure schematic diagram of emulation experiment in the specific embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 8 is the energy consumption of emulation experiment in the specific embodiment of the invention with data arrival time interval variation situation map；
Fig. 9 is the delay performance comparison diagram of the agreement of emulation experiment in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 3 to 6 is please referred to, the wireless body area network MAC protocol based on wake-up mechanism, hereinafter referred to as W-MAC, wireless body area network
Middle data service is divided into periodic traffic, on-demand business and random traffic three classes, and agreement constructs wake-up between coordinator and node
Channel and transmission channel wake up channel and are used for transmission wake-up signal, and transmission channel is used for transmission data.Also, in periodic traffic
Wake-up signal is sent so that node enters wake-up states to node by waking up channel with coordinator in on-demand business；In random industry
Interior joint be engaged in by waking up channel to coordinator transmission wake-up signal, and enters wake-up states；Different nodes are in transmission data
When there is channel confliction, prioritised transmission random traffic data, then by CSMA/CA competition mechanism transmission cycle business datum and
On-demand business data.
Specifically, the content and priority of periodic traffic, on-demand business and random traffic are as shown in table 1.
1 business of table classification situation
W-MAC is based on IEEE 802.15.6 communication standard, and each sensor node increases an additional super low-power consumption and calls out
Awake circuit, node default conditions are sleep state, can largely reduce network energy consumption；According to the spy of different priorities
Point takes different wake-up mechanisms, and when multiple nodes wake up encounter conflict simultaneously, is kept away using the conflict that random back waits
Exempt from strategy, can guarantee the real-time and reliability of high-priority service.
On the basis of the above-mentioned wireless body area network MAC protocol based on wake-up mechanism, it is logical that the present invention further provides one kind
Letter method, the communication process of communication process and periodic traffic or on-demand business including random traffic.
The communication process of random traffic includes S11 to S16.
S11, node send wake-up signal to coordinator by waking up channel.
S12, coordinator return to ACK frame after receiving wake-up signal, then send beacon frame to node.
S13, wake-up signal is retransmitted if node does not receive ACK frame or beacon frame, until receiving beacon frame.
S14, node send data to coordinator by transmission channel.
S15, coordinator receive and return to ACK frame to node after data.
S16, communication process terminates if node receives ACK frame, if node does not receive ACK frame and sends data again,
It has sent if node and abandons data if data do not receive ACK frame yet several times.
The communication process of periodic traffic or on-demand business includes S21 to S28.
S21, coordinator send wake-up signal to coordinator by waking up channel according to the period of setting.
S22, node receive and return to ACK frame to coordinator after wake-up signal.
S23, wake-up signal is retransmitted if coordinator does not receive ACK frame, until receiving ACK frame.
S24, coordinator receive ACK frame and then send beacon frame to node.
S25, node monitor data channel into wait state after receiving beacon frame.
Node sends data to coordinator by transmission channel when S26, channel idle to be transmitted.
S27, coordinator receive and return to ACK frame to node after data.
S28, communication process terminates if node receives ACK frame, if node does not receive ACK frame and sends data again,
It has sent if node and abandons data if data do not receive ACK frame yet several times.
Further, the system for the wireless body area network MAC protocol based on wake-up mechanism that the present invention also provides a kind of, including
Coordinator and several nodes connected with coordinator wireless communication, node includes wireless awakening circuit, and wireless awakening circuit can
With as shown in Figure 2.
It is verified below by way of performance of the emulation experiment to W-MAC.
Using Matlab as emulation platform, network topology is arranged 11 as shown in fig. 7, using stelliform connection topology configuration altogether
Sensor node, wherein No. 0 node serves as central node (coordinator), remaining the 10 general sensor sections different for function
Point, number are 1~10.
Sensor node generates data flow using Poisson process, then the rate that data packet reaches central node is λ, entirely
The average arrival rate of network model is (N-1) λ.Under normal circumstances, different sensor nodes generates the rate difference of data,
In order to simplify emulation difficulty, it will be assumed that it is identical that different sensors node, which generates data rate,.In simulations, we select
The communication channel frequency range of 2.4GHz realizes the actual conditions of process, other simulation parameters setting such as table 2 according to MAC protocol algorithm
It is shown.
The setting of 2 simulation parameter of table
Under simulated environment and the identical situation of parameter, W-MAC and Wise-MAC agreement and S-MAC agreement are compared
Compared with.
First verify that influence of the data arrival time interval to network energy consumption, simulation result is as shown in Figure 8.It can be with from figure
Find out, with the increase at data arrival time interval, the energy consumption of three kinds of agreements is all gradually decreased, this is because with data
The increase at arrival time interval, data arrival rate is low, and data volume is few, and the competition of generation, which is collided, to be reduced, and energy consumption reduces.But W-
For the energy consumption of MAC compared to Wise-MAC and S-MAC agreement, the energy consumed on the whole is less, this is because Wise-MAC agreement
Lead code and RTS/CTS are periodically used respectively with S-MAC agreement, this will consume additional energy.And W-MAC is used and is called out
The mechanism of waking up, can eliminate idle listening, to save a large amount of energy.
Secondly delay performance is compared, with the increase at data arrival time interval, the delay performance of agreement is compared
As a result as shown in figure 9, pass through contrast simulation figure it can be found that with data arrival time interval increase, Wise-MAC, S-
The network delay of MAC and W-MAC all constantly reduces, when the data arrives between when being divided into 10s network delay it is minimum, still
Still it is higher than MAC protocol proposed in this paper.S-MAC agreement uses the mechanism based on CSMA/CA, using typical RTS-CTS-
DATA-ACK scheme, this introduces additional control overheads, to increase delay.Although W-MAC also uses CSMA/CA machine
System, but using wake-up mechanism, only wireless awakening delay and transmission delay, therefore compared with other MAC protocols, total delay
It is the smallest.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention.
Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, as defined herein
General Principle can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, of the invention
It is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, and is to fit to and the principles and novel features disclosed herein phase one
The widest scope of cause.
Claims (5)
1. the wireless body area network MAC protocol based on wake-up mechanism, in the wireless body area network data service be divided into periodic traffic, by
Need business and random traffic three classes, it is characterised in that: the agreement constructs between coordinator and node wakes up channel and transmission
Channel wakes up channel and is used for transmission wake-up signal, and transmission channel is used for transmission data；Also,
Coordinator sends wake-up signal so that node entrance is called out to node by waking up channel in periodic traffic and on-demand business
The state of waking up；Wake-up signal is sent to coordinator by waking up channel in random traffic interior joint, and enters wake-up states；
Different nodes are when channel confliction occur in transmission data, prioritised transmission random traffic data, then pass through CSMA/CA and compete
Mechanism transmission cycle business datum and on-demand business data.
2. the communication means of the wireless body area network MAC protocol based on wake-up mechanism as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The communication process of the random traffic includes:
S11, node send wake-up signal to coordinator by waking up channel；
S12, coordinator return to ACK frame after receiving wake-up signal, then send beacon frame to node；
S13, wake-up signal is retransmitted if node does not receive ACK frame or beacon frame, until receiving beacon frame；
S14, node send data to coordinator by transmission channel；
S15, coordinator receive and return to ACK frame to node after data；
S16, communication process terminates if node receives ACK frame, if node does not receive ACK frame and sends data again；
The communication process of the periodic traffic or the on-demand business includes:
S21, coordinator send wake-up signal to coordinator by waking up channel according to the period of setting；
S22, node receive and return to ACK frame to coordinator after wake-up signal；
S23, wake-up signal is retransmitted if coordinator does not receive ACK frame, until receiving ACK frame；
S24, coordinator receive ACK frame and then send beacon frame to node；
S25, node monitor data channel into wait state after receiving beacon frame；
Node sends data to coordinator by transmission channel when S26, channel idle to be transmitted；
S27, coordinator receive and return to ACK frame to node after data；
S28, communication process terminates if node receives ACK frame, if node does not receive ACK frame and sends data again.
3. the wireless body area network MAC protocol based on wake-up mechanism as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: in S16, if section
Point, which has sent data several times and do not receive ACK frame yet, then abandons data.
4. the wireless body area network MAC protocol based on wake-up mechanism as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: in S28, if section
Point, which has sent data several times and do not receive ACK frame yet, then abandons data.
5. using the system of the wireless body area network MAC protocol based on wake-up mechanism as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Several nodes including coordinator and with coordinator wireless communication connection, node includes wireless awakening circuit.
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