CN110167114B - Underwater acoustic communication node wake-up signal detection method based on frame synchronization signal - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for detecting an underwater acoustic communication node wake-up signal based on a frame synchronization signal. The existing method has low reliability of detection results due to the influence of pulse noise and specific environment noise, and the frequency detection and cross-correlation detection related method has high calculation complexity in the long-time underwater detection process. The method comprises the steps of firstly constructing a corresponding MT signal for each node in a communication network, arranging two sliding windows with equal length at a receiving end to realize initial energy quotient detection, and then carrying out MT frequency confirmation on the signals after the initial energy quotient detection by using a Goertzel algorithm to realize reliable signal arrival detection. The method is suitable for an underwater communication network with a plurality of communication nodes, accurate awakening of the target node is achieved through MT signals, the calculation complexity is low, and energy consumption for detecting the underwater sound communication network node by carrying out signals for a long time in a dormant state can be reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of underwater acoustic signal processing, and particularly relates to an underwater acoustic communication node wake-up signal detection method based on a frame synchronization signal.
Background
With the increasing demands on ocean resource development and underwater environment monitoring, underwater observation equipment is continuously deployed, and underwater wireless communication is more and more concerned. The sound wave is a main carrier of current underwater wireless information transmission, and meanwhile, the underwater sound network can be flexibly applied to scenes with different coverage scales, water depths and network structures, can be widely applied to marine environment observation, and realizes information interaction among a plurality of observation devices at different underwater spatial positions.
In an actual underwater acoustic communication system, a communication node needs to work underwater for a long time and depends on a self-contained battery for power supply, and the requirement on the power consumption of a communication machine is high. The underwater acoustic communication node is generally in a half-duplex working mode, and a main functional unit is in a dormant state when no task is sent, and signal arrival detection is carried out by means of low-power-consumption duty equipment. Therefore, it is important to correctly detect the arrival of the wake-up signal, which is the basis for the subsequent processing of the underwater acoustic communication receiver. In order to detect the arrival of the wake-up signal in real time, a reliable signal arrival detection method with low computation complexity is needed, and after the sound channel receiver on-duty circuit detects the arrival of the wake-up signal by adopting a set signal arrival detection method, the sound channel receiver on-duty circuit wakes up the main equipment to perform subsequent signal processing.
Common signal arrival detection methods in underwater acoustic communication include energy detection, frequency detection, and cross-correlation detection using signal pulse compression characteristics. The method is simple to implement, but the signal-to-noise ratio of the received signals is greatly influenced and is easily interfered by pulse noise; the frequency detection judges whether the received signal is an awakening signal or not by comparing the energy on a specific frequency point of the received signal with a fixed threshold or a floating threshold according to a certain rule, and has the main defects that the frequency resolution is greatly influenced by the computing capability and the self-adaption capability to the environmental noise is poor; the cross-correlation detection uses signals with good pulse compression characteristics, such as chirp signals, to perform matched filtering detection, and the method has the best detection performance but the highest calculation complexity, and is not suitable for the scene of signal arrival detection of an on-duty circuit.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for detecting underwater acoustic communication node wake-up signals based on frame synchronization signals, aiming at the defects of low reliability, overhigh complexity of a frequency detection method and the like of an energy detection method, aiming at a signal arrival detection part in underwater acoustic networking communication, the frame synchronization signals in communication are adopted as the wake-up signals, and the method does not need to send additional wake-up signals and utilizes the frame synchronization signals in the underwater acoustic communication, such as a linear frequency modulation signal L FM, a hyperbolic frequency modulation signal HFM and the like, to realize reliable signal arrival detection in a low-power-consumption duty circuit.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
the set of n communication nodes in the network is D ═ D1,…,di,…,dj,…,dn}; when node diWhen no sending task is available, the system is in a low-power consumption receiving state, and the on-duty circuit detects the signal; when node diIn the presence of a data transmission task, a frame synchronization signal and a data signal are transmitted, and a receiving node djAnd carrying out signal arrival detection according to the frame synchronization signal.
the receiving node sets two adjacent sliding windows W with the length of N1And W2Forming a circular buffer area with the length of 2N, wherein the window length is smaller than the length of the frame synchronization signal;
window W of time q1Including sample points [ x (q +1), x (q +2) … x (q + N)]；
Window W of time q2Including sampling points [ x (q + N +1), x (q + N +2) … x (q +2N)]；
Q +1 moment W after window sliding1The sampling points are updated to [ x (q +2), x (q +3) … x (q + N +1)]，W2The sampling points are updated to [ x (q + N +2), x (q + N +3) … x (q +2N +1)]；
Iteratively calculating two window energies E1And E2：
Obtaining an energy quotient: v (q) ═ E2(q)/E1(q)；
Setting an energy quotient detection threshold VTIf the energy quotient V (q) > V at this momentTThe frequency detection is carried out in the step 3, otherwise, the cyclic updating detection process is carried out according to the subsequent sampling value in the step 2.
Step 3. receiving node djAnd (3) carrying out frequency detection confirmation on the frame synchronization signal:
node djAnd 2, carrying out frequency detection confirmation on the received signals on the basis of successful detection in the step 2, wherein the frame synchronization signals such as L FM and HFM signals in the underwater acoustic communication are frequency sweep signals, the frequency change of the signals can be approximately considered to be linear within a certain time, and the signal arrival detection can be completed under low calculation complexity by utilizing the frequency change relation.
Let the frame synchronization signal duration be T and the sweep start-stop frequencies be f1And fhThe receiving node has a sampling rate of FsThe received signals after the preliminary energy detection are recorded as x in time sequence1xgapx2xgap…xmxgap…xM]. Taking M sets of equally spaced signalsxmPerforming FFT to obtain frequency domain value XmAccording to the frequency domain result X of the M groups of sampling signalsmFrequency confirmation is performed. Each set of signals contains K sampling points, i.e. xm＝{xm(0),xm(1),…xm(K-1)}，Xm＝{Xm(0),Xm(1),…Xm(K-1) with a time interval T between two adjacent sets of sampling signalsPAt this time MK/Fs+(M-1)Tp＜T，K＜＜FsT。
For the m-th group signal xmFFT result of (X)mFirst, find out the maximum value P of frequency domainmAnd its corresponding frequency fmWhile calculating the mean value P of the in-band noisemn. From the signal frequency domain energy PmMean value of noise energy PmnObtaining the frequency detection result R of the mth group of signals by the frequency difference between the adjacent two groups of sampling signalsmWhen R ismIf the signal frequency of the sampling group is 1, the detection is successful, otherwise, the detection is failed. When there is over
If the group signal meets the frequency detection condition, the signal arrival detection is judged to be successful, namely:
wherein G isTFor the frequency detection threshold, Δ f ═ f (f)h-fl)Tpand/T is the frequency difference between two adjacent groups of sampling signals.
Step 4, after the detection is successful, the receiving node low-power-consumption on-duty equipment wakes up the main system, so that the node enters a working state; otherwise, judging that the received signal is not the frame synchronization signal, failing to detect the signal arrival, and returning to the step 2.
The sliding window of the present invention also includes block sliding, each time sliding a sampling short frame composed of data points of a certain length, as the stepX (q) in 2 may represent the sum of the energies of the samples contained in a short time, i.e.
Wherein N isxFor the number of sampling points included in the sampling short frame, r (i) is the received signal corresponding to time.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method integrates the advantages of energy detection and frequency detection, firstly detects the part with higher energy in the received signal by using a double-sliding window energy quotient method with low calculation complexity, and then judges whether the received signal is an awakening signal by using a multi-frequency detection method, so that the detection result has higher robustness.
The method of the invention uses the frame synchronization signal contained in the underwater acoustic communication before the data signal is sent as the wake-up signal, and the sending node does not need to send the wake-up signal with a special signal structure to the receiving node before the communication begins, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the sending node during data transmission.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an underwater acoustic network architecture;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a signal arrival detection frame structure;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of sliding window signal arrival detection and frequency detection confirmation.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A method for detecting underwater acoustic communication node wake-up signals based on frame synchronization signals is characterized in that a system model is shown in figure 1, and an underwater acoustic communication network node set D ═ D1,d2,d3,d4There are 3 fixed underwater sensing nodes, one mobile node for collecting data, here node d4To node d1A data collection request is initiated to illustrate the specific working steps of the present invention. The frame structure of the transmitted signal is shown in FIG. 2, and the false alarm probability p of signal detection is setf＝10-6Detecting the same frame as usedThe step signal is L FM signal, the sweep frequency range is 16-22 KHz, the duration T is 50ms, the receiving node low-power consumption on-duty circuit sampling rate fsIs 50 KHz.
As shown in fig. 3, the method is specifically implemented by the following steps:
s(t)＝cos(2πflt+πBt2),0≤t＜T (1)；
wherein f islFor the sweep start frequency, B ═ fh-fl) where/T is the slope of the frequency sweep, the instantaneous frequency of the received signal can be expressed as f (T) ═ fl+ Bt, the frequency of the received signal is considered to remain unchanged for a short time window.
Firstly initializing window sampling values x (q), q is more than or equal to 0 and less than 2N,
after initialization, node d1The sliding window energy quotient iterative computation process is carried out according to newly obtained sampling data, the addition operation in the on-duty circuit has a faster operation speed than the multiplication, and the updating process can be expressed as follows:
wherein x (q) is the sampling value at the moment q, when the double-window energy quotient V is less than the threshold value VTAnd then, the receiving node performs a loop iteration detection process in the step two. When the window is slid to the position shown in FIG. 4, the window W2Including the higher energy signal portion, where the energy quotient VT1.41, greater than a threshold value VTAnd if the energy detection is successful, entering a signal frequency detection process in the step 3.
Step 3. node d1Completing the preliminary energy quotient detectionAfter the detection, as shown in fig. 4, taking M-3 groups of equally spaced signals x for completing the preliminary energy detectionm(k) Performing FFT to obtain frequency domain value Xm(k) And carrying out frequency confirmation, wherein the FFT length K of each group of signals is 128 sampling points, and the time interval between two adjacent groups of signals is Tp10ms, i.e. 500 samples apart, the frequency interval Δ f between two sets of FFT signals is (f)h-fl)Tp/T＝1.2KHz。
FFT frequency domain results for three sets of signals at this time: p1＝40.4，P1n＝5.5，f1＝18.4KHz；P2＝37.3，P2n＝5.6，f2＝19.5KHz；P3＝43.9，P3n＝6.1，f321.6 KHz; signal frequency point detection threshold GT5. Calculating to obtain R1＝R2＝1。
Step 4. node d1And judging that the wake-up signal is received according to the energy quotient detection result and the frequency detection result. The low-power-consumption duty circuit wakes up the main system to perform subsequent signal processing, and the whole signal arrival detection process is completed.
Claims (1)
1. A method for detecting an underwater acoustic communication node wake-up signal based on a frame synchronization signal is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
step (1), a sending node sends a frame synchronization signal as a wake-up signal:
the set of n communication nodes in the network is D ═ D1,…,di,…,dj,…,dn}; when node diWhen no sending task is available, the system is in a low-power consumption receiving state, and the on-duty circuit detects the signal; when node diIn the presence of a data transmission task, a frame synchronization signal and a data signal are transmitted, and a receiving node djCarrying out signal arrival detection according to the frame synchronization signal;
step (2), sliding window energy quotient detection:
the receiving node sets two adjacent sliding windows W with the length of N1And W2Forming a circular buffer area with the length of 2N, wherein the window length is smaller than the length of the frame synchronization signal;
window W of time q1Including sample points [ x (q +1), x (q +2) … x (q + N)]；
Window W of time q2Including sampling points [ x (q + N +1), x (q + N +2) … x (q +2N)]；
Q +1 moment W after window sliding1The sampling points are updated to [ x (q +2), x (q +3) … x (q + N +1)]，W2The sampling points are updated to [ x (q + N +2), x (q + N +3) … x (q +2N +1)]；
Iteratively calculating two window energies E1And E2：
Obtaining an energy quotient: v (q) ═ E2(q)/E1(q)；
Setting an energy quotient detection threshold VTIf the energy quotient V (q) > V at this momentTEntering the step (3) of frequency detection, otherwise, performing a cyclic updating detection process according to the subsequent sampling value in the step (2);
step (3) receiving node djAnd (3) carrying out frequency detection confirmation on the frame synchronization signal:
let the frame synchronization signal duration be T and the sweep start-stop frequencies be f1And fhThe receiving node has a sampling rate of FsThe received signals after the preliminary energy detection are recorded as x in time sequence1xgapx2xgap…xmxgap…xM](ii) a Taking M sets of equally spaced signals xmPerforming FFT to obtain frequency domain value XmAccording to the frequency domain result X of the M groups of sampling signalsmCarrying out frequency confirmation; each set of signals contains K sampling points, i.e. xm＝{xm(0),xm(1),…xm(K-1)}，Xm＝{Xm(0),Xm(1),…Xm(K-1) with a time interval T between two adjacent sets of sampling signalsPAt this time MK/Fs+(M-1)Tp＜T，K＜＜FsT；
For the m-th group signal xmFFT result of (X)mFirst, find out the maximum value P of frequency domainmAnd its corresponding frequency fmWhile calculating the mean value P of the in-band noisemn(ii) a From the signal frequency domain energy PmMean value of noise energy PmnObtaining the frequency detection result R of the mth group of signals by the frequency difference between the adjacent two groups of sampling signalsmWhen R ismIf the signal frequency of the sampling group is 1, the detection is successful, otherwise, the detection is failed; when there is over
If the group signal meets the frequency detection condition, the signal arrival detection is judged to be successful, namely:
wherein G isTFor the frequency detection threshold, Δ f ═ f (f)h-fl)Tpthe/T is the frequency difference between two adjacent groups of sampling signals;
after the detection is successful, the receiving node low-power-consumption on-duty equipment wakes up the main system to enable the node to enter a working state; otherwise, judging that the received signal is not the frame synchronization signal, failing to detect the signal arrival, and returning to the step (2).
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| CN111190365B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2021-04-06 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Two-stage wake-up circuit for underwater acoustic communication and wake-up method thereof |
| CN114184848B (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2023-09-26 | 中国科学院国家空间科学中心 | Goertzel algorithm-based satellite-borne VHF transient signal point-by-point scanning real-time processing method |
| CN114221714B (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2023-11-07 | 宜昌测试技术研究所 | High-reliability low-power-consumption underwater sound equipment value more system control method |
| CN114584163B (en) * | 2022-05-05 | 2022-07-29 | 中国地质大学（北京） | Threshold-adaptive underwater communication node wake-up signal detection method |
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