CN110166390B - Amplitude modulation device and modulation method for low-frequency magnetic signal radiation of mechanical antenna - Google Patents

Amplitude modulation device and modulation method for low-frequency magnetic signal radiation of mechanical antenna Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110166390B
CN110166390B CN201910218470.8A CN201910218470A CN110166390B CN 110166390 B CN110166390 B CN 110166390B CN 201910218470 A CN201910218470 A CN 201910218470A CN 110166390 B CN110166390 B CN 110166390B
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modulator
modulation
amplitude
motor
low
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CN110166390A (en
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宋忠国
张多佳
席晓莉
刘江凡
赵雨辰
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Xian University of Technology
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Xian University of Technology
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/02Amplitude-modulated carrier systems, e.g. using on-off keying; Single sideband or vestigial sideband modulation
    • H04L27/04Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02DCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Abstract

The invention discloses an amplitude modulation device for low-frequency magnetic signal radiation of a mechanical antenna, which comprises a transmitting unit, a modulation unit and a receiving unit which are connected in sequence; the transmitting unit comprises a high-speed motor, and a columnar permanent magnet is sleeved on a rotating shaft of the high-speed motor; the modulation unit comprises a modulation motor, the modulation motor is connected with the modulator through a belt wheel structure, and the permanent magnet is embedded in the modulator; the receiving unit comprises a receiving host machine, the receiving host machine is connected with the mutually orthogonal coils through a lead, and the mutually orthogonal coils are connected with the modulator through electromagnetic signals. The modulation device adopts an independent mechanical device to drive the modulator to rotate, performs spatial intervention on the amplitude of electromagnetic waves radiated by the mechanical antenna, avoids frequent speed regulation action required by the rotation of the mechanical antenna, greatly reduces the requirement of a mechanical antenna system on a high-speed rotating driving source, and improves the engineering feasibility of the mechanical antenna as a low-frequency communication signal transmitting device.

Description

Amplitude modulation device and modulation method for low-frequency magnetic signal radiation of mechanical antenna
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of communication signal modulation, and particularly relates to an amplitude modulation device for low-frequency magnetic signal radiation of a mechanical antenna.
Background
The mechanical antenna is a new concept antenna, is different from a traditional antenna in a mode of generating signal radiation of an electromagnetic field based on high-frequency oscillation current, and generates an alternating electromagnetic field by driving a strong magnet to rotate at a high speed through a mechanical device so as to disturb a space medium and radiate electromagnetic waves outwards.
At present, one of the problems faced by mechanical antenna applications is: how to modulate the spatial electromagnetic waves it generates. The whole system is designed based on mechanical device driving, so that the working principle of the system is completely different from that of the traditional low-frequency band antenna, and the modulation mode of the system is also different from that of the traditional modulation mode. If the signal modulation is realized by adopting the method of adjusting the rotating speed of the mechanical antenna magnet, when the rotating magnet is heavy and has higher rotating speed, the energy consumption of frequent variable speed operation on the rotating magnet is high, the performance of a driving mechanical device is also highly required, and the engineering realization difficulty is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an amplitude modulation device for low-frequency magnetic signal radiation of a mechanical antenna, and solves the problems that the existing mechanical antenna has high performance requirements on a motor and is difficult to realize during signal modulation.
It is another object of the present invention to provide an amplitude modulation method for low frequency magnetic signal radiation of a mechanical antenna.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the amplitude modulation device for the low-frequency magnetic signal radiation of the mechanical antenna comprises a transmitting unit, a modulation unit and a receiving unit which are sequentially connected;
the transmitting unit comprises a high-speed motor, and a columnar permanent magnet is sleeved on a rotating shaft of the high-speed motor;
the modulation unit comprises a modulation motor, the modulation motor is connected with the modulator through a belt wheel structure, and the permanent magnet is embedded in the modulator;
the receiving unit comprises a receiving host machine, the receiving host machine is connected with the mutually orthogonal coils through a lead, and the mutually orthogonal coils are connected with the modulator through electromagnetic signals.
The present invention is also characterized in that,
the rotating shaft of the high-speed motor is also sleeved with a coupling.
The modulator is made of high-permeability material and is U-shaped.
The modulator is arranged in an inverted mode, one end of an opening of the modulator faces the emission unit, the permanent magnet is embedded into one end of the opening of the modulator, a rotating shaft is fixedly connected to one closed end of the modulator, and the rotating shaft is connected with the modulation motor through a belt wheel structure.
The permanent magnet, the modulator and the rotating shaft are located at coaxial positions.
The belt wheel structure comprises a belt wheel sleeved on a rotating shaft of the modulation motor, and the belt wheel is connected with the rotating shaft through a belt.
The invention also provides an amplitude modulation method for the low-frequency magnetic signal radiation of the mechanical antenna, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, starting a high-speed motor of an emission unit, wherein the high-speed motor rotates and drives a permanent magnet to rotate at a set angular rate, and the permanent magnet rotates to radiate electromagnetic waves with required frequency outwards;
step 2, starting a modulation motor of the modulation unit, driving a modulator to swing through a belt wheel, a belt and a rotating shaft, and influencing the amplitude of an electromagnetic wave signal radiated by the permanent magnet in a specific direction when the modulator is positioned at different postures relative to the permanent magnet;
and 3, setting that the modulator represents logic '0' when in a horizontal posture and represents logic '1' when in a vertical posture, driving the modulator to be in the horizontal and vertical postures alternately by using a modulation motor to complete the modulation of data on the radiation signal, and performing logic identification on mutually orthogonal coils of the receiving unit to a receiving host according to the characteristics of the electromagnetic wave intensity in different directions to complete data communication.
The step 3 specifically comprises the following steps:
setting the horizontal field component radiation signal as I, the vertical field component radiation signal as Q,
when the modulator is in a horizontal posture, the characteristics of the signals received by the receiving host in the receiving unit are as follows: the amplitude of the I path signal is weakened, and the amplitude of the Q path signal is enhanced; when the modulator is located at the vertical position, the characteristics of the signal received by the receiving host at this time are as follows: the amplitude of the I path signal is enhanced, and the amplitude of the Q path signal is weakened; when the modulator rotates to form an included angle theta with the horizontal direction, the characteristics of the signals received by the receiving host are as follows: the amplitude of the signal field component parallel to the modulator becomes weaker and the amplitude of the component perpendicular to the modulator is normal.
The beneficial effects of the invention are: the amplitude modulation device for the low-frequency magnetic signal radiation of the mechanical antenna is characterized in that an independent mechanical device is adopted to drive a high-magnetic-permeability material with a specific physical structure to rotate, the amplitude of electromagnetic waves radiated by the mechanical antenna is subjected to spatial intervention, and a receiving end receives signals in a circular polarization mode. The modulation method is convenient and controllable, the required special modulation device is easy to build, the amplitude modulation effect is ideal, the requirement of a mechanical antenna system on a high-speed rotating drive source is greatly reduced, and the engineering realization feasibility of the mechanical antenna as a low-frequency communication signal transmitting device is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an amplitude modulation device for low-frequency magnetic signal radiation of a mechanical antenna according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the amplitude modulation apparatus according to the present invention, in which the modulator is in a horizontal posture, fig. 2(a) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the modulator in a horizontal posture, and fig. 2(b) is a characteristic diagram of the amplitude of the quadrature received signal corresponding to the horizontal posture of the modulator;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the amplitude modulation apparatus according to the present invention, in which the modulator is in a vertical position, fig. 3(a) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the modulator in a vertical position, and fig. 3(b) is a characteristic diagram of the amplitude of the quadrature received signal corresponding to the modulator in a vertical position;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an angle θ between a modulator and the horizontal in the amplitude modulation apparatus of the present invention, where fig. 4(a) is a schematic diagram of a structure of the modulator and the horizontal, and fig. 4(b) is a characteristic diagram of an amplitude of a quadrature received signal corresponding to the angle θ between the modulator and the horizontal;
fig. 5 is a diagram of a result of numerical simulation of an amplitude modulation apparatus according to the present invention, where fig. 5-1-a is a waveform diagram of an orthogonal received signal when a modulator is in a horizontal posture, fig. 5-1-b is an amplitude characteristic diagram of an orthogonal received signal when a modulator is in a horizontal posture, fig. 5-2-a is a waveform diagram of an orthogonal received signal when a modulator is in a vertical posture, fig. 5-2-b is an amplitude characteristic diagram of an orthogonal received signal when a modulator is in a vertical posture, fig. 5-3-a is a waveform diagram of an orthogonal received signal when an angle between a modulator and a horizontal plane is θ, and fig. 5-3-b is an amplitude characteristic diagram of an orthogonal received signal when an angle between a modulator and a horizontal plane is θ;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a modulation apparatus in the embodiment;
fig. 7 is a characteristic diagram obtained in the implementation, in which fig. 7(a) is a characteristic diagram of the amplitude of the quadrature received signal when the modulator is in a horizontal posture, fig. 7(b) is a characteristic diagram of the amplitude of the quadrature received signal when the modulator is in a horizontal vertical posture, and fig. 7(c) is a characteristic diagram of the amplitude of the quadrature received signal when the angle between the modulator and the horizontal is θ.
In the figure, 1 is a high-speed motor, 2 is a coupler, 3 is a modulator, 4 is a permanent magnet, 5 is a modulation motor, 6 is a belt wheel, 7 is a mutual orthogonal coil, 8 is a receiving host, 9 is a belt, 10 is a rotating shaft, 11 is a coil a, 12 is a coil b, 13 is a guide rail.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention relates to an amplitude modulation device for low-frequency magnetic signal radiation of a mechanical antenna, which comprises a transmitting unit, a modulation unit and a receiving unit which are connected in sequence as shown in figure 1;
the transmitting unit comprises a high-speed motor 1, a columnar permanent magnet 4 is sleeved on a rotating shaft of the high-speed motor 1, and a coupler 2 is further sleeved on the rotating shaft of the high-speed motor 1.
The modulation unit comprises a modulation motor 5, the modulation motor 5 is connected with the modulator 3 through a belt wheel structure, and the permanent magnet 4 is embedded in the modulator 3; the belt wheel structure comprises a belt wheel 6 sleeved on a rotating shaft of the modulation motor 5, and the belt wheel 6 is connected with a rotating shaft 10 through a belt 9. The modulation motor 5 is a low-speed motor, so that the control is more accurate, the rotating speed of the modulation motor 5 can be far lower than that of the high-speed motor 1 used by the mechanical antenna, and the control on the physical quantities such as the rotating speed, the angle and the like at low speed is more accurate and easy to realize relative to the high-speed motor 1. The modulator 3 is made of a material having a high magnetic permeability and has a "U" shape. The modulator 3 is arranged in an inverted mode, one end of an opening of the modulator 3 faces the emitting unit, the permanent magnet 4 is embedded into one end of the opening of the modulator 3, a rotating shaft 10 is fixedly connected to one closed end of the modulator 3, and the rotating shaft 10 is connected with the modulation motor 5 through a belt wheel structure.
The permanent magnet 4, the modulator 3 and the rotary shaft 10 are located at coaxial positions.
The receiving unit comprises a receiving host machine 8, the receiving host machine 8 is connected with the mutually orthogonal coil 7 through a lead, and the mutually orthogonal coil 7 is connected with the modulator 3 through an electromagnetic signal. The orthogonal coil 7 is composed of a coil a11 and a coil b12 which are sleeved with each other, and planes formed by the coil a11 and the coil b12 are perpendicular to each other. The receiver main unit 8 includes an a/D converter connected to the mutually orthogonal coil 7 through a filter amplifier circuit.
An amplitude modulation method for low-frequency magnetic signal radiation of a mechanical antenna comprises the following steps:
step 1, starting a high-speed motor 1 of a transmitting unit, wherein the high-speed motor 1 rotates and drives a permanent magnet 4 to rotate at a set angular rate, the permanent magnet 4 rotates to radiate electromagnetic waves with required frequency outwards, and the mechanical rotation rate is the same as the frequency of the electromagnetic waves;
step 2, starting a modulation motor 5 of the modulation unit, driving a modulator 3 to swing by the modulation motor 5 through a belt wheel 6, a belt 9 and a rotating shaft 10, and influencing the amplitude of an electromagnetic wave signal radiated by a permanent magnet 4 in a specific direction when the modulator 3 is in different postures relative to the permanent magnet 4;
and 3, assuming that the modulator 3 represents a logic '0' when in a horizontal posture and represents a logic '1' when in a vertical posture, and the modulator 3 is driven by the modulation motor 5 to be in the horizontal and vertical postures alternately to complete the modulation of data on the radiation signal, wherein the mutually orthogonal coils 7 of the receiving unit perform logic identification to the receiving host 8 according to the characteristics of the electromagnetic wave intensity in different directions to complete data communication.
The step 3 specifically comprises the following steps: assuming that the horizontal field component radiation signal is I, the vertical field component radiation signal is Q, and the receiving unit receives the electromagnetic signal by the mutually orthogonal coil 7, as shown in fig. 2(a), when the modulator 3 is in the horizontal posture, there is an attenuation effect on the horizontal field component radiation signal I, and there is no influence on the vertical field component radiation signal Q, as shown in fig. 2(b), the signal characteristics received by the receiving host 8 in the receiving unit at this time are: the amplitude of the I path of signal is weakened, and the amplitude of the Q path of signal is enhanced;
as shown in fig. 3(a), when the modulator 3 is in the vertical posture, there is no influence on the horizontal field component radiation signal I and there is an attenuation effect on the vertical field component radiation signal Q. As shown in fig. 3(b), the characteristics of the signal received by the receiver 8 at this time are: the amplitude of the I path signal is enhanced, and the amplitude of the Q path signal is weakened; when the modulator 3 is rotated to make an angle θ with the horizontal direction as shown in fig. 4(a), there is an attenuation effect on the field component in the direction of the angle θ with the horizontal line, and as shown in fig. 4(b), the characteristics of the signal received by the receiver 8 are: the amplitude of the signal field component parallel to the modulator 3 becomes weak and the amplitude of the component perpendicular to the modulator 3 becomes normal.
A simulation model is established by adopting software COMSOL, a receiving point is placed at a position 10m away from a transmitting unit, an electromagnetic signal at the position point is extracted, and an amplitude characteristic diagram taking a vertical (Q) component as a horizontal axis and taking a horizontal component as a vertical axis is obtained according to time domain waveforms of the horizontal (I) component and the vertical (Q) component of the signals of the receiving point. 5-1-a, 5-2-a, and 5-3-a, which are waveforms of signals collected by the coil a11 and the coil b12 when the modulator is horizontal, vertical, and forms an angle θ with the horizontal, respectively; as shown in fig. 5-1-b, 5-2-b, and 5-3-b, which are amplitude characteristic diagrams of the orthogonal received signals collected when the modulator is horizontal, vertical, and has an angle θ with the horizontal, respectively. The following conclusions were made: the amplitude characteristic of the simulated received signal is related to the position of the modulation device, and communication data can be obtained according to the extracted characteristic.
Examples
As shown in fig. 6, which is an embodiment of the modulation device of the present invention, the high speed motor 1 is a mechanical antenna driving device, the modulator is used for driving the permanent magnet 4 to rotate, the modulation motor 5 is a driving device of the modulator 3 and is used for driving a structural body of the modulator 3 to rotate, in order to avoid the interference of the driving motor on signals in the radiation direction, modulation electrons are arranged in the direction deviating from the radiation axis, the modulator 3 is controlled by a belt 9 in a rotating way, a slide rail 3 is added, the distance between the modulation unit and the emission unit is conveniently adjusted, as shown in fig. 7(a), fig. 7(b) and fig. 7(c), which are amplitude characteristic diagrams of orthogonal received signals when the modulator is at an angle theta with respect to the horizontal, vertical and horizontal respectively, the modulation method of the present invention is verified, that is, the amplitude characteristic of the received signal is correlated with the orientation of the modulation device, and the communication data can be acquired according to the extracted characteristic.
The amplitude modulation device and the modulation method thereof have the advantages that:
1) the energy consumption is low; the high-speed motor 1 has high energy consumption when frequently changing speed, especially under the condition of large load inertia, and the modulation device of the invention removes the original frequent speed change; this modulation scheme is not really power hungry. The existing mechanical antenna mainly adopts a speed regulation mode to modulate signals for a single motor, so that the speed is frequently regulated, once the frequency of the signals to be transmitted is high, the rotating speed of the motor is high, and the requirement on the performance of the motor is high and the difficulty is high when the speed is accurately regulated;
2) the information is realized through the modulation motor 5, namely a low-speed motor, the control is more accurate, the rotating speed of the modulation motor 5 can be far lower than that of the high-speed motor 1 used by the mechanical antenna, and the control on physical quantities such as rotating speed, angle and the like at low speed is more accurate and easy to realize relative to the high-speed motor 1;
3) the communication speed is improved, the frequency modulation is realized by speed regulation, when the rotor part has large mass, the requirement of the speed regulation on the high-speed motor 1 is very high frequently, and the communication speed is limited by the frequency conversion response time of the high-speed motor 1; the amplitude modulation does not need to carry out frequency conversion on the high-speed motor 1, only angle control needs to be carried out on a modulation structure, when the rotating speed of the conventional motor is 3000rpm, the highest communication speed (which depends on the maximum rotating speed of the modulation motor) can reach about 3000bit/min to 50bit/s, the modulation speed is determined, the communication speed of the conventional motor adopting frequency modulation is far less than that, and low-frequency signals of the speed have good application prospect in underwater communication.

Claims (8)

1. The amplitude modulation device for the low-frequency magnetic signal radiation of the mechanical antenna is characterized by comprising a transmitting unit, a modulation unit and a receiving unit which are connected in sequence;
the transmitting unit comprises a high-speed motor (1), and a columnar permanent magnet (4) is sleeved on a rotating shaft of the high-speed motor (1);
the modulation unit comprises a modulation motor (5), the modulation motor (5) is connected with the modulator (3) through a belt wheel structure, and the permanent magnet (4) is embedded in the modulator (3);
the receiving unit comprises a receiving host (8), the receiving host (8) is connected with the mutually orthogonal coils (7) through a lead, and the mutually orthogonal coils (7) are connected with the modulator (3) through electromagnetic signals.
2. The amplitude modulation device for the low-frequency magnetic signal radiation of the mechanical antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that a shaft coupling (2) is further sleeved on the rotating shaft of the high-speed motor (1).
3. Amplitude modulation device for low-frequency magnetic signal radiation of mechanical antennas according to claim 2, characterized in that said modulator (3) is made of a material with high magnetic permeability and is "U" shaped.
4. The amplitude modulation device for the low-frequency magnetic signal radiation of the mechanical antenna according to claim 3, wherein the modulator (3) is arranged in an inverted manner, one open end of the modulator (3) faces the emission unit, the permanent magnet (4) is embedded into one open end of the modulator (3), a rotating shaft (10) is fixedly connected to one closed end of the modulator (3), and the rotating shaft (10) is connected with the modulation motor (5) through a belt wheel structure.
5. Amplitude modulation device for mechanical antenna low frequency magnetic signal radiation according to claim 4 characterized in that the permanent magnet (4), modulator (3) and rotation axis (10) are located in coaxial position.
6. The amplitude modulation device for the low-frequency magnetic signal radiation of the mechanical antenna is characterized in that the belt wheel structure comprises a belt wheel (6) sleeved on a rotating shaft of the modulation motor (5), and the belt wheel (6) is connected with the rotating shaft (10) through a belt (9).
7. The amplitude modulation method for the low-frequency magnetic signal radiation of the mechanical antenna is realized based on the amplitude modulation device for the low-frequency magnetic signal radiation of the mechanical antenna disclosed by claim 6, and is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, starting a high-speed motor (1) of a transmitting unit, wherein the high-speed motor (1) rotates and drives a permanent magnet (4) to rotate at a set angular rate, and the permanent magnet (4) rotates to radiate electromagnetic waves with required frequency outwards;
step 2, starting a modulation motor (5) of the modulation unit, driving a modulator (3) to swing by the modulation motor (5) through a belt wheel (6), a belt (9) and a rotating shaft (10), and influencing the amplitude of an electromagnetic wave signal radiated by the permanent magnet (4) in a specific direction when the modulator (3) is in different postures relative to the permanent magnet (4);
and 3, setting that the modulator (3) represents logic '0' when in a horizontal posture, and represents logic '1' when the modulator (3) is in a vertical posture, alternately driving the modulator (3) to be in the horizontal and vertical postures by the modulation motor (5) to complete the modulation of data on the radiation signal, and performing logic identification on mutually orthogonal coils (7) of the receiving unit to a receiving host (8) according to the characteristics of electromagnetic wave intensity in different directions to complete data communication.
8. The amplitude modulation method for low-frequency magnetic signal radiation of a mechanical antenna according to claim 7, wherein the step 3 is specifically:
setting the horizontal field component radiation signal as I, the vertical field component radiation signal as Q,
the electromagnetic signals are received by the receiving unit through the mutually orthogonal coils (7), and when the modulator (3) is in a horizontal posture, the characteristics of the signals received by the receiving host (8) in the receiving unit are as follows: the amplitude of the I path of signal is weakened, and the amplitude of the Q path of signal is enhanced; when the modulator (3) is positioned in a vertical posture, the characteristics of the signals received by the receiving host (8) are as follows: the amplitude of the I path signal is enhanced, and the amplitude of the Q path signal is weakened; when the modulator (3) rotates to form an included angle theta with the horizontal direction, the characteristics of the signals received by the receiving host (8) are as follows: the amplitude of the signal field component parallel to the modulator (3) becomes weak and the amplitude of the component perpendicular to the modulator (3) becomes normal.
CN201910218470.8A 2019-03-21 2019-03-21 Amplitude modulation device and modulation method for low-frequency magnetic signal radiation of mechanical antenna Expired - Fee Related CN110166390B (en)

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