CN110163982A - A kind of virtual fireworks analogy method of immersion based on Sketch Searching and controlled shape - Google Patents
A kind of virtual fireworks analogy method of immersion based on Sketch Searching and controlled shape Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000004422 calculation algorithm Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003064 k means clustering Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F18/00—Pattern recognition
- G06F18/20—Analysing
- G06F18/23—Clustering techniques
- G06F18/232—Non-hierarchical techniques
- G06F18/2321—Non-hierarchical techniques using statistics or function optimisation, e.g. modelling of probability density functions
- G06F18/23213—Non-hierarchical techniques using statistics or function optimisation, e.g. modelling of probability density functions with fixed number of clusters, e.g. K-means clustering
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T15/00—3D [Three Dimensional] image rendering
- G06T15/04—Texture mapping
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T19/00—Manipulating 3D models or images for computer graphics
- G06T19/20—Editing of 3D images, e.g. changing shapes or colours, aligning objects or positioning parts
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- G06T3/067—
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of virtual fireworks analogy methods of immersion based on Sketch Searching and controlled shape, comprising: (1) in client, user draws the sketch for wanting ornamental model in virtual scene, inputs as system；(2) in server end, using model retrieval method, the 3D fireworks model most like with the sketch of drafting is retrieved, as 3D results model；(3) cluster mass center is chosen, forms intermediate shape, the first order blast process of analog transmissions point to intermediate shape after cluster mass center convergence；(4) the sampling vertex position and texture coordinate for the 3D results model that storing step (2) obtains, the second level blast process of simulation intermediate shape to final shape.The method of the present invention allows user to be immersed in virtual scene, and Freehandhand-drawing, which is produced, wants ornamental fireworks shape, and server carries out processing simulation fireworks multistage explosion, makes the lifelike visual effect of user experience.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to computer graphics and technical field of virtual reality, more particularly to one kind based on Sketch Searching and
The virtual fireworks model method of the immersion of controlled shape.
Background technique
The simulation of fireworks at present, use is all particIe system, and particIe system is to simulate one in three dimensional computer graphics
The technology of a little specific bloomings, the technology are simulated using a large amount of fettucelle, 3D model or other graphic primitives
Irregular blooming, with the object that simple element construction is complicated.By development in twenties years, particIe system was extensive
Ground be used to simulate fire, dirt, cloud, mist, the complexity such as cigarette, water flow, explosive spark, meteor trail, object without obvious smooth surface
Body.
The usual position of particIe system in three dimensions and movement are controlled by transmitter.Transmitter is mainly by one group
Represented by particle behavior parameter and position in three dimensions.Particle behavior parameter may include particle formation speed (i.e.
Particles per unit time generate number), particle initial velocity vector (such as when being moved to what direction), particle age
(by how long particle is buried in oblivion), particle color, the variation in particle life cycle and other parameters etc..Using big
Probable value rather than the fuzzy parameter of absolute value occupy all or are mostly very normal, some parameter definitions central value
And the variation allowed.Typical particIe system, which updates circulation, can be divided into simulation and two different stages of rendering, each
Circulation executes each frame animation.
It is all simulation fireworks blast process, or the fireworks explosion of simulation specific shape in existing fireworks analogy method
Process, such as the patent document that Authorization Notice No. is CN101276480B disclose a kind of computer for generating given shape firework
Analogy method, user can input the threedimensional model of expression specific shape or the index information of threedimensional model, service in client
Device end forms the shape for the threedimensional model specified to user to explosion, finally disappears using particIe system simulation fireworks lift-off process
The individual character animation file of the Computer dynamic simulation process of mistake, generation can both be emailed to user, can also lead to
Multimedia message is crossed to be sent on the mobile phone of user.
It is disclosed in the patent document that application publication number is CN109461205A a kind of from the three-dimensional fireworks of fireworks video reconstruction
Method train a model depth learning model using the powerful nonlinear fitting ability of neural network, mentioned from video
The feature for taking fireworks constructs rendering fireworks model similar with original video using particIe system from given two-dimensional video.
Universal with computer graphics and virtual unit, requirement of the user for virtual world is higher and higher, user
Often it is intended not only to view rare to see in appreciating on ordinary days in virtual world, it is also desirable to virtual unit and virtual ring can be passed through
Object in border is interacted.
Currently, a kind of new-type medium of the virtual reality as prevalence, is widely used to the side such as educational training, Entertainment
Face.In virtual environment, user wishes to operate virtual objects as in true environment: learner can be according to individual character table
It attempts to complete different task in present virtual environment or completes task by different modes；Entertainer can intuitively contact sports ground
Scape, with game role interactive communication.
However in existing fireworks analogy method, there is no that can allow user's operation virtual objects, make entertainer more intuitive
Ground contacts scene of game, the fireworks model being highly immersed in virtual world, therefore, by the simulation of traditional phenomenon and virtually existing
It is combined together in fact, there is outstanding meaning.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of virtual fireworks simulation sides of the immersion based on Sketch Searching and controlled shape
Method, fireworks analogy method through the invention, user can be immersed in virtual scene, voluntarily draw and want ornamental fireworks shape
Shape simulates the 3D fireworks mould shapes with complex outline.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of virtual fireworks analogy method of immersion based on Sketch Searching and controlled shape, comprising:
(1) in client, user draws the sketch for wanting ornamental model in virtual scene, inputs as system；
(2) in server end, using model retrieval method, the 3D fireworks model most like with the sketch of drafting is retrieved,
As 3D results model；
(3) cluster mass center is chosen based on K-means clustering algorithm, forms intermediate shape, simulation hair after cluster mass center convergence
First order blast process of the exit point to intermediate shape；
(4) the point sampling algorithm based on Gaussian curvature, the sampling vertex position for the 3D results model that storing step (2) obtains
And texture coordinate, the second level blast process of simulation intermediate shape to final shape.
In the method for the present invention, user's skeletonizing in virtual scene after server end handles sketch, is retrieved
Most like 3D fireworks model in model library extracts the shape and texture information of 3D fireworks model, simulates fireworks from being emitted to
Between shape complete secondary detonation then from intermediate shape to the accurate shape for being retrieved 3D fireworks model.The method of the present invention can make
User interacts with virtual reality, according to user's voluntarily skeletonizing shape, simulates user and wants ornamental fireworks shape, not only
Simple 3D fireworks mould shapes can be simulated, the 3D fireworks mould shapes with complex outline can also be simulated.
In step (1), the wearable immersive VR equipment of user, hand held controller draws sketch.
User can directly operate virtual objects, and entertainer can more intuitively contact scene of game, highly be immersed in void
Fireworks model in the quasi- world.In step (2), the pattern search method specifically:
(2.1) 2D line drawing figure group will be generated on each view direction of each 3D fireworks model in database, utilize filter
Wave device extracts the feature of 2D line drawing figure group, and 2D line drawing figure group is encoded to topography's descriptor；
(2.2) by K-means clustering algorithm, a visual dictionary (visual vocabulary), clustering algorithm are constructed
Obtained in each cluster mass center represent a visual vocabulary (visual word), the topography of each 2D line drawing figure is retouched
It states symbol to be quantified, determines the histogram of visual vocabulary (visual words) frequency of occurrences, be stored in for online query
In inverted index；
(2.3) after user submits sketch, server end extracts topography's descriptor of sketch, is quantified, and encodes
For the histogram of visual vocabulary (visual words) frequency of occurrences, visual vocabulary is determined using Tf-idf weighting function
The weight of (visual words)；
(2.4) by the histogram of the visual vocabulary of sketch (visual words) frequency of occurrences, with the 3D in inverted index
The histogram of visual vocabulary (visual words) frequency of occurrences on each view direction of fireworks model compares, and retrieves
Most like 3D fireworks model.
Further, unified on the sphere of 3D fireworks model in order to simplify the pipeline of 2D line drawing group in step (2.1)
102 viewpoints are equably selected, from selected 102 viewpoint directions, by 3D fireworks model projection into line drawing figure, generate 2D
Line drawing figure group.
In step (3), the first order blast process specifically:
Using K-means clustering algorithm, it is assumed that N is the quantity for reaching the required particle of final destination, randomly selects F
Mass center calculates each particle to the distance of F mass center, the set apart from nearest mass center is divided, according to as initial mass center
The set of acquisition recalculates mass center, then calculates each particle to the distance of new mass center, divides the set apart from nearest mass center,
It is calculated repeatedly until result convergence, obtains final cluster mass center, form intermediate shape, particIe system is several with 3D results model
What center is launch point, discharges and falls on corresponding cluster mass center, the first time for completing launch point to intermediate shape exploded
Journey.
In step (4), the second level blast process specifically:
Using the point sampling algorithm of the Gaussian curvature with the discrete vertex of 3D object, various discrete vertex is built into triangle
Grid calculates the Gaussian curvature on the vertex on triangular mesh, and further according to the difference of the absolute value of Gaussian curvature, setting is corresponding
Grade determines the quantity of the point of stochastical sampling in the adjacent triangle region on vertex, records position and the line of these sampled points
Coordinate is managed, final destination and texture information, i.e., final fireworks shape and color as the explosion of the final second level；
The intermediate shape that second level explosion is exploded using the first order is whole with the sampled point that Gaussian curvature algorithm obtains as starting point
Point completes second level explosion.
In the sampling process of texture information, for texture mapping collected from 3D results model to each sampling
Point, the present invention obtain sampled point using the point sampling algorithm of Gaussian curvature, recycle bilinear interpolation algorithm to obtain more acurrate, detailed
Thin colouring information.
The colouring information that will be obtained in texture information sampling process is set as the color of particle during the second level is exploded, from
And the grain effect of the 3D fireworks model retrieved is restored during simulating fireworks.
The method of the present invention can allow user to wear virtual reality device, be immersed in virtual scene, and hand held controller is drawn
Sketch is drawn out and wants ornamental fireworks shape, after server end handles sketch, retrieves most like in model library
3D fireworks model returns to 3D results model, extracts the shape and texture information of 3D results model, simulation fireworks are from being emitted to centre
Shape, then from intermediate shape to the accurate shape for being retrieved 3D results model, complete the multistage explosion such as second level even three-level.This
Inventive method can not only simulate naive model, can also simulate the model with complex outline, keep user experience life-like
Visual effect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the overall flow figure of the method for the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the pseudocode that first order blast analogue initial velocity vector calculates；
Fig. 3 is Voronoi area figure；
Fig. 4 is the division methods schematic diagram of acute triangle in A (v) discrete calculation method；
Fig. 5 is the division methods schematic diagram of obtuse triangle in A (v) discrete calculation method.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing and a specific embodiment of the invention is described further.
As shown in Figures 1 to 5, in server end, using line drawing Rendering, by the 3D fireworks model in data from each
2D line drawing figure group is generated on view direction, and in order to simplify pipeline, 102 views are selected to uniformity on 3D fireworks model sphere
Point, from 102 viewpoint directions by 3D fireworks model projection into 2D line drawing figure group.Then, 2D line drawing is extracted by filter
2D line drawing figure group is encoded to topography's descriptor by the feature of figure group.By the poly- algorithm of K-means, a visual word is constructed
Allusion quotation (visual vocabulary), each cluster mass center obtained in clustering algorithm represent a visual vocabulary (visual
Word), topography's descriptor of each 2D line drawing figure is quantified, determines that frequency occurs in visual vocabulary (visual words)
The histogram of rate is stored in the inverted index for online query.In the present embodiment, filter selects Gobar filter.
In client, user wears immersive VR equipment, and hand held controller draws out the grass for wanting ornamental model
Figure is inputted as system.Server end extracts topography's descriptor of sketch after the sketch for receiving client's submission, carries out
Quantization, is encoded to the histogram of visual vocabulary (visual words) frequency of occurrences, determines vision using Tf-idf weighting function
The weight of vocabulary (visual words).
By the histogram of visual vocabulary (visual words) frequency of occurrences of sketch, with the 3D fireworks mould in inverted index
The histogram of visual vocabulary (visual words) frequency of occurrences of type compares, and retrieves most like 3D fireworks model.
Using K-means clustering algorithm, final cluster mass center is obtained, these cluster mass centers restrain to form intermediate shape,
ParticIe system discharges and falls on corresponding cluster mass center, complete launch point using the geometric center of 3D results model as launch point
To the first time blast process of intermediate shape.
K-means clustering algorithm in the present invention is as follows:
1. randomly choosing F initial mass centers from N number of particle；
2. calculating it for existing each particle and arriving the distance of each mass center, and be divided to nearest mass center
Set；
3. recalculating mass center according to acquired set；
4. repeating step 2 and step 3, until new mass center is equal with a upper mass center or is less than specified threshold, that is, cluster
Mass center convergence, end of clustering；
Where it is assumed that N indicates the number of particles of final destination, F indicates the quantity of the mass center randomly selected.
First order explosion is realized by simple grain subsystem, and the particIe system is since aerial launch point, along certain
Track discharges and falls on corresponding cluster mass center.
First order explosion is with the progress of following track:
Wherein, mcenter is launch point, i.e. the geometric center of 3D results model, if being at the beginning of the first order is exploded
0, viFor the initial velocity vector of particle i,For position of the particle i in time t.
The initial velocity vector v of particle ii, being calculated by the pseudocode in Fig. 2, wherein and g is acceleration of gravity,
Centroid [i] is the target position of particle i, diFor the distance vector of from mcenter to centroid [i], mcenter is hair
Exit point, ls are the duration of explosion.
After completing first order explosion, using the point sampling algorithm of the Gaussian curvature with the discrete vertex of 3D object, calculate
The Gaussian curvature on the vertex on triangular mesh.
In the present invention, the point sampling algorithm of the Gaussian curvature with the discrete vertex of 3D object is as follows:
Curved surface is mapped to unit sphere, the corresponding relationship between the point on the point and sphere on curved surface is set, it is referred to as high
This mapping, Gaussian curvature K is two principal curvatures κ on surface at certain point1And κ2Product, geometric interpretation refers to the face of sphere
Long-pending or surface regional area the limit；
The positive value and negative value of given Gaussian curvature define the surface texture at a little in which can be convenient；The table of Gaussian curvature K > 0
Show that elliptical point, K < 0 indicate that hyperbola point, K=0 indicate plane or parabola point；In addition, Gaussian curvature is the own quantity of curved surface,
It is only related with the first fundamental type of curved surface, unrelated with the selection of axis and parametrization；Therefore, on input triangular mesh
Each vertex, calculate its discrete Gaussian curvature；Based on curvature value obtained, selected in the range of triangular mesh corresponding
The sampled point of quantity, being formed includes certain vertex；
As shown in figure 3, due to Voronoi method for estimate triangular mesh surface various curvature be it is optimal, because
This selects Voronoi method to solve the computational problem of discrete vertex Gaussian curvature, and basic thought is to be considered as smooth surface
The limit or linear approximation of grid cluster；The measurement on each vertex is considered as the average degree in a small neighbourhood on triangular mesh
Amount, referred to as Voronoi area；
Pass throughDiscrete differential geometry obtain the Gauss of discrete form
Curvature, wherein v is center vertex, viFor each vertex on triangular mesh,θiIt indicates and v adjacent triangle
The summation of corresponding angle, A (v) are the areas of Voronoi area adjacent with v.
As shown in Figures 4 and 5, for different types of triangular mesh, A (v) is calculated with different methods:
1. connecting its heart with two sides midpoint for acute triangle, in addition to the side opposite with v, and one is obtained
A new region Aacute(v)；
2. will be connect respectively with the midpoint of other two sides with the midpoint of obtuse angle opposite side, and obtain for obtuse triangle
Obtain a new region Aobtuse(v)。
After the Gaussian curvature for calculating the vertex on triangular mesh, further according to the difference of the absolute value of Gaussian curvature, if
Respective level is set, the quantity of the point of stochastical sampling in the adjacent triangle region on vertex is determined, records the position of these sampled points
It sets and texture coordinate, to carry out texture mapping in particIe system.The position of sampled point and texture coordinate, as final second
The final destination of grade explosion and texture information, i.e., final fireworks shape and color.
In the extraction of texture information, after Gaussian curvature point sampling algorithm, bilinear interpolation algorithm is reused to obtain
More acurrate, detailed texture information is obtained, and sets texture information obtained to the priming color of particle；The second level explosion with
The intermediate shape of first order explosion is starting point, and the sampled point obtained using Gaussian curvature algorithm completes second level explosion as terminal.This
Invention is not limited to secondary detonation, it can be achieved that the multistage explosion such as three-level, level Four.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of virtual fireworks analogy method of immersion based on Sketch Searching and controlled shape, comprising:
(1) in client, user draws the sketch for wanting ornamental model in virtual scene, inputs as system；
(2) in server end, using model retrieval method, the 3D fireworks model most like with the sketch of drafting is retrieved, by it
As 3D results model；
(3) cluster mass center is chosen based on K-means clustering algorithm, forms intermediate shape, analog transmissions point after cluster mass center convergence
To the first order blast process of intermediate shape；
(4) the point sampling algorithm based on Gaussian curvature, the sampling vertex position and line of the 3D results model that storing step (2) obtains
Manage coordinate, the second level blast process of simulation intermediate shape to final shape.
2. the virtual fireworks analogy method of the immersion according to claim 1 based on Sketch Searching and controlled shape, special
Sign is, in step (1), user wears immersive VR equipment, and hand held controller draws sketch.
3. the virtual fireworks analogy method of the immersion according to claim 1 based on Sketch Searching and controlled shape, special
Sign is, in step (2), the pattern search method specifically:
(2.1) 2D line drawing figure group will be generated on each view direction of each 3D fireworks model in database, utilize filter
The feature for extracting 2D line drawing figure group, is encoded to topography's descriptor for 2D line drawing figure group；
(2.2) by K-means clustering algorithm, a visual dictionary, each cluster mass center generation obtained in clustering algorithm are constructed
One visual vocabulary of table, quantifies topography's descriptor of each 2D line drawing figure, determines the visual vocabulary frequency of occurrences
Histogram is stored in the inverted index for online query；
(2.3) after user submits sketch, server end extracts topography's descriptor of sketch, is quantified, is encoded to view
The histogram for feeling the vocabulary frequency of occurrences, the weight of visual vocabulary is determined using Tf-idf weighting function；
(2.4) each view side by the histogram of the visual vocabulary frequency of occurrences of sketch, with the 3D fireworks model in inverted index
The histogram of the upward visual vocabulary frequency of occurrences compares, and retrieves most like 3D fireworks model.
4. the virtual fireworks analogy method of the immersion according to claim 3 based on Sketch Searching and controlled shape, special
Sign is, in step (2.1), selects 102 viewpoints to uniformity on the sphere of the 3D fireworks model, from selected
The 3D fireworks model projection is generated 2D line drawing figure group by 102 viewpoint directions selected into line drawing figure.
5. the virtual fireworks analogy method of the immersion according to claim 1 based on Sketch Searching and controlled shape, special
Sign is, in step (3), the first order blast process specifically:
Using K-means clustering algorithm, it is assumed that N is the quantity for reaching the required particle of final destination, randomly selects F mass center
As initial mass center, each particle is calculated to the distance of F mass center, divides the set apart from nearest mass center, according to having obtained
Set recalculate mass center, then calculate each particle to the distance of new mass center, divide set apart from nearest mass center, repeatedly
It calculates until result convergence, obtains final cluster mass center, form intermediate shape, most like 3D of the particIe system to retrieve
The geometric center of fireworks model is launch point, discharges and falls on corresponding cluster mass center, completes launch point and arrive intermediate shape
First time blast process.
6. the virtual fireworks analogy method of the immersion according to claim 1 based on Sketch Searching and controlled shape, special
Sign is, in step (4), the second level blast process specifically:
Using the point sampling algorithm of the Gaussian curvature with the discrete vertex of 3D object, various discrete vertex is built into network of triangle
Lattice calculate the Gaussian curvature on the vertex on triangular mesh, further according to the difference of the absolute value of Gaussian curvature, setting is corresponding etc.
Grade determines the quantity of the point of stochastical sampling in the adjacent triangle region on vertex, records position and the texture of these sampled points
Coordinate, final destination and texture information, i.e., final fireworks shape and color as the explosion of the final second level；
The second level intermediate shape exploded using the first order of explosion as starting point, the sampled point obtained using Gaussian curvature algorithm as terminal,
Complete second level explosion.
7. the virtual fireworks analogy method of the immersion according to claim 6 based on Sketch Searching and controlled shape, special
Sign is, in the sampling process of texture information, obtains sampled point using the point sampling algorithm of Gaussian curvature, recycles bilinearity
Interpolation algorithm obtains colouring information.
8. the virtual fireworks analogy method of the immersion according to claim 7 based on Sketch Searching and controlled shape, special
Sign is that the colouring information that will be obtained in texture information sampling process is set as the color of particle during the second level is exploded.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112529997A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-03-19 | 北京字跳网络技术有限公司 | Firework visual effect generation method, video generation method and electronic equipment |
| CN112529997B (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2022-08-09 | 北京字跳网络技术有限公司 | Firework visual effect generation method, video generation method and electronic equipment |
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