CN110161460A - Focus accurate positioning method based on the networking of microseism space - Google Patents
Focus accurate positioning method based on the networking of microseism space Download PDFInfo
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- CN110161460A CN110161460A CN201910575683.6A CN201910575683A CN110161460A CN 110161460 A CN110161460 A CN 110161460A CN 201910575683 A CN201910575683 A CN 201910575683A CN 110161460 A CN110161460 A CN 110161460A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/14—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object using acoustic emission techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/44—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
- G01S5/18—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using ultrasonic, sonic, or infrasonic waves
- G01S5/22—Position of source determined by co-ordinating a plurality of position lines defined by path-difference measurements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/028—Material parameters
- G01N2291/0289—Internal structure, e.g. defects, grain size, texture
Abstract
Focus accurate positioning method based on the networking of microseism space, comprising the following steps: paste multiple acoustic emission sensors on object under test surface with binder；Measuring targets, which apply external force, makes it generate acoustic emission signal, and faint acoustic emission signal is transferred to acoustic emission preamplifier by acoustic emission sensor；Signal is then transferred to sound emission oscillograph by coaxial cable by acoustic emission preamplifier；Internal memory is recorded in the document form of sound emission oscillograph；The operation of follow-up data resolver carries out processing analysis to the acoustic emission waveform data information of acquisition from the focus calibrating procedure write, and calculates focus coordinate (X, Y, Z), sound wave explosion time point T, sound wave relative energyA e With trueness error r.The present invention passes through the hypocentral location of the acoustie emission event of the continuous approaching to reality of the corresponding linear optimization of numerical analysis, and the precision of available acquired results.And the method is compiled as program, there is fabulous practical value.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to acoustic emission test technical fields, and in particular to a kind of focus based on the networking of microseism space is accurately fixed
Position method.
Background technique
Using the localization method of the sound emission time difference be widely used in aviation, ocean, structure detection, navigation, industrial process,
The fields such as human or animal's sound source localization, mechanical detection, nuclear blast, subterranean tunnel, mining and earthquake.Many researchers ask this
Topic is studied and has been discussed, many relevant localization methods have been developed, and is most wide at present using the method that time difference iteration positions
General one of the method used.What many methods were usually handled velocity of wave as datum, it is difficult to consider at any time with spatial variations
Influence of the velocity of wave to positioning accuracy.In the detection of acoustic emission source numerous types or acoustic emission signal complexity, if sound emission
Characteristic signal be in frequency dispersion section, and characteristic frequency is uncertain and variation frequently, just can not use pre-determined speed at this time
Degree is to carry out location Calculation.Assuming that under the precondition of speed same (or use average speed), according to signal frequency and speed
The theoretical formula of degree derives that speed is a kind of selection, but since practical frequency, the corresponding relationship of speed and theoretical formula are inclined
Difference is larger, and the practicability of this method is not strong.
Summary of the invention
It is accurate to provide a kind of focus based on the networking of microseism space in order to solve shortcoming in the prior art by the present invention
Localization method, this method regard focus coordinate (X, Y, Z) and sound wave explosion time point (T) as unknown number, pass through numerical analysis
The hypocentral location of the acoustie emission event of the continuous approaching to reality of corresponding linear optimization, and the precision of available acquired results.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: the focus based on the networking of microseism space is accurate
Localization method includes the following steps,
Step 1 pastes multiple acoustic emission sensors on object under test surface with binder, then by acoustic emission sensor,
Acoustic emission preamplifier, sound emission oscillograph successively use coaxial cable to be connected to follow-up data resolver；
Step 2, measuring targets, which apply external force, makes it generate acoustic emission signal, and acoustic emission sensor receives acoustic emission signal,
Then faint acoustic emission signal is transferred to acoustic emission preamplifier by coaxial cable；
Step 3, from acoustic emission preamplifier amplifies the faint acoustic emission signal detected from acoustic emission sensor
Reason, while unwanted signal is filtered, signal-to-noise ratio is improved, signal is then transferred to sound emission oscillography by coaxial cable
Device；
Step 4, sound emission oscillograph pass through adjustment signal trigger condition according to the environmental noise and other influence factors at scene
To obtain preferably stablizing waveform；And internal memory is recorded with the document form of A@~.wdt in acoustic emission signal；
A@~.wdt file that sound emission oscillograph transmits is converted to A@~.csv by step 5, follow-up data resolver, is obtained
Acoustic emission wave graphic data, acoustic emission waveform data include signal onset time, signal amplitude；Then it runs from the focus calibration write
Program carries out processing analysis to the acoustic emission waveform data information of acquisition, calculates focus coordinate (X, Y, Z), sound wave explosion time
Point T, sound wave relative energyA eWith trueness error r.
It is characterized by: from the focus calibrating procedure write, calculating process in step 5 are as follows:
(1) input respectively in the focus calibrating procedure write certainly: file is read and input path；The shape information of object under test；
Demarcate dimension: 2 dimensions or 3 dimensions；The number and coordinate of acoustic emission sensor；
(2) different location of measuring targets is tapped, and beating position coordinate is input in focus calibrating procedure, is then passed through
Follow-up data resolver analysis meter calculates the mean propagation velocity of the P wave in object under test；
(3) assume () be focus coordinate (X、Y、Z ) approximation, object under test is divided into N number of isometric
Block；Take N=8 for the first time, it is assumed that i-th piece of coordinate be (), it is assumed that there is K acoustic emission sensor, j-th
Acoustic emission sensor coordinate be (X j、Y j、Z j) time point for receiving signal is, thenFor with i-th piece of j-th of sound emission
The sound wave explosion time point that sensor calculates:
(1)
The average sound wave explosion time point T calculated by all acoustic emission sensorsiIt is indicated by equation (2)；So, equation
(3) assume that sound wave occurs at i-th piece, the standard deviation S i of i-th piece of sound wave explosion time point,
(2)
(3)
When Si takes the smallest value, acoustic emission source is in i-th of piecemeal；Whether computational accuracy is up to standard, and then i-th point up to standard of precision
Block coordinate () be () initial value；Precision is not up to standard, continues i-th of piecemeal
It is divided into N number of isometric block to repeat above-mentioned calculating process, until meeting required precision；
(4)It isApproximation；Respectively represent their difference；
=(4)
(5) it enables
Then (5)
(6) assumeForExact value, and handled using least square method, following institute
Show；Residual errorForm can be written as follow:
(6)
(7)
It is necessary to meet following condition by least residual quadratic sum S:
(8)
The residual sum of squares (RSS) S of equation (8) can be expressed as follows with inner product:
(9)
Then by solving equation (6), acquisition following equation:
(10)
Equation (10) are substituted into equation (6) and are expressed as determinant, then:
(11)
Differential can be denoted as by solving equation (11)；It can count simultaneously
Calculating focus coordinate () and sound wave explosion time point T；The exact value being calculatedIt is iteration
The approximation of calculating；
(7) sound emission seismic source energyA 0 Range can be obtained from the amplitude peak of acoustic emission waveform:
(12)
Lj: the distance between sound emission focus and j-th of acoustic emission sensor
K: the quantity of acoustic emission sensor
Aj: the amplitude peak of the waveform obtained from j-th of acoustic emission sensor
Sound emission seismic source energy is calculated using formula (12), relative energyA eIt is provided by equation (13):
(13)
(8) it is calculated in step (6)Exact value, their standard variance difference
It is expressed as, their measured value can be expressed as weight；Weight
It is provided with the relationship of standard variance by equation (14):
(14)
Exact valueAccuracy can be indicated by following two error: standard deviation, trueness error r；
Standard deviation can pass through the standard variance in processing (14) equationTo obtain；
Trueness error is calculated using least square method, and trueness error (r > 0) and the relationship of standard deviation are provided by following formula:
R=0.6745 σ (15)
Standard varianceAverage value be expressed as
(16)
Wherein,VIt is the residual error v of measured value and calculated value in equation (6)i；Denominator is freedom degree；
X, the trueness error of Y, Z, T areIt is as follows:
(17)。
By adopting the above technical scheme, the present invention has following features and advantage compared with routine techniques:
1. the effect of acoustic emission sensor is the acoustic emission signal generated due to receiving to destroy rupture because occurring inside sample material；
2. the function of acoustic emission preamplifier be to from sensor detecting to faint acoustic emission signal amplify from
Reason, while unwanted signal is filtered, signal-to-noise ratio is improved in this way, and signal is then transferred to sound emission by coaxial cable
Oscillograph；
3. the internal memory of sound emission oscillograph can obtain (A@~.wdt) file for recording acoustic emission signal.It can be with
According to influence factors such as the environmental noises tested every time, obtain preferably stablizing waveform by adjustment signal trigger condition；
4. (A@~.wdt) file that follow-up data resolver can transmit sound emission oscillograph is converted to (A@~.csv),
Then acoustic emission wave graphic data, including signal onset time, signal amplitude for obtaining from oscillograph etc. are run from the focus mark write
Determine program (Location.sln), calculates focus coordinate (X, Y, Z), sound wave explosion time point T, sound wave relative energyA eAnd essence
Spend error r.
In conclusion the present invention proposes a kind of focus accurate positioning method based on the networking of microseism space, by focus coordinate
(X, Y, Z) and sound wave explosion time point (T) are used as unknown number, pass through the continuous approaching to reality of the corresponding linear optimization of numerical analysis
Acoustie emission event hypocentral location, and the precision of available acquired results.And the method is compiled as program, is had
Fabulous practical value.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is structural schematic diagram of the invention.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the focus accurate positioning method of the invention based on the networking of microseism space, includes the following steps,
Step 1 pastes multiple acoustic emission sensors 2 on 1 surface of object under test with binder, then by voice sending sensor
Device 2, acoustic emission preamplifier 3, sound emission oscillograph 4 and follow-up data resolver 5 are successively connected to using coaxial cable；
Step 2, measuring targets 1, which apply external force, makes it generate acoustic emission signal, and acoustic emission sensor 2 receives sound emission letter
Number, faint acoustic emission signal is then transferred to acoustic emission preamplifier 3 by coaxial cable；
Step 3, acoustic emission preamplifier 3 amplify the faint acoustic emission signal detected from acoustic emission sensor 2
Processing, while unwanted signal is filtered, signal-to-noise ratio is improved, signal is then transferred to sound emission oscillography by coaxial cable
Device 4；
Step 4, sound emission oscillograph 4 pass through adjustment signal trigger condition according to the environmental noise and other influence factors at scene
To obtain preferably stablizing waveform；And internal memory is recorded with the document form of A@~.wdt in acoustic emission signal；
A@~.wdt file that sound emission oscillograph 4 transmits is converted to A@~.csv, obtained by step 5, follow-up data resolver 5
Acoustic emission wave graphic data is obtained, acoustic emission waveform data include signal onset time, signal amplitude；Then it runs from the focus mark write
Determine program and processing analysis is carried out to the acoustic emission waveform data information of acquisition, when calculating focus coordinate (X, Y, Z), sound wave outburst
Between point T, sound wave relative energyA eWith trueness error r.
It is characterized by: from the focus calibrating procedure write, calculating process in step 5 are as follows:
(1) input respectively in the focus calibrating procedure write certainly: file is read and input path；The shape information of object under test 1；
Demarcate dimension: 2 dimensions or 3 dimensions；The number and coordinate of acoustic emission sensor 2；
(2) different location of measuring targets 1 is tapped, and beating position coordinate is input in focus calibrating procedure, is then led to
Later continue 5 analysis meter of data parser and calculate the mean propagation velocity of the P wave in object under test 1；
(3) assume () be focus coordinate (X、Y、Z ) approximation, object under test 1 is divided into N number of isometric
Block；Take N=8 for the first time, it is assumed that i-th piece of coordinate be (), it is assumed that there is K acoustic emission sensor 2, j-th
2 coordinate of acoustic emission sensor be (X j、Y j、Z j) time point for receiving signal is, thenFor with i-th piece of j-th of sound emission
The sound wave explosion time point that sensor 2 calculates:
(1)
The average sound wave explosion time point T calculated by all acoustic emission sensors 2iIt is indicated by equation (2)；So, equation
(3) assume that sound wave occurs at i-th piece, the standard deviation S i of i-th piece of sound wave explosion time point,
(2)
(3)
When Si takes the smallest value, acoustic emission source is in i-th of piecemeal；Whether computational accuracy is up to standard, and then i-th point up to standard of precision
Block coordinate () be () initial value；Precision is not up to standard, continues i-th of piecemeal
It is divided into N number of isometric block to repeat above-mentioned calculating process, until meeting required precision；
(4)It isApproximation；Respectively represent their difference；
=(4)
(5) it enables
Then (5)
(6) assumeForExact value, and handled using least square method, following institute
Show；Residual errorForm can be written as follow:
(6)
(7)
It is necessary to meet following condition by least residual quadratic sum S:
(8)
The residual sum of squares (RSS) S of equation (8) can be expressed as follows with inner product:
(9)
Then by solving equation (6), acquisition following equation:
(10)
Equation (10) are substituted into equation (6) and are expressed as determinant, then:
(11)
Differential can be denoted as by solving equation (11)；It can count simultaneously
Calculating focus coordinate () and sound wave explosion time point T；The exact value being calculatedIt is iteration
The approximation of calculating；
(7) sound emission seismic source energyA 0 Range can be obtained from the amplitude peak of acoustic emission waveform:
(12)
Lj: the distance between sound emission focus and j-th of acoustic emission sensor 2
K: the quantity of acoustic emission sensor 2
Aj: the amplitude peak of the waveform obtained from j-th of acoustic emission sensor 2
Sound emission seismic source energy is calculated using formula (12), relative energyA eIt is provided by equation (13):
(13)
(8) it is calculated in step (6)Exact value, their standard variance difference
It is expressed as, their measured value can be expressed as weight；Weight and standard
The relationship of variance is provided by equation (14):
(14)
The accuracy of exact value can be indicated by following two error: standard deviation, trueness error r；Accuracy can pass through place
Manage the standard variance in (14) equationTo obtain；Trueness error uses least square method
It calculates, trueness error (r > 0) and the relationship of standard deviation provide by following formula:
R=0.6745 σ (15)
Standard varianceAverage value be expressed as
(16)
Wherein,VIt is the residual error v of measured value and calculated value in equation (6)i；Denominator is freedom degree；
X, the trueness error of Y, Z, T areIt is as follows:
(17)。
The present embodiment not makes any form of restriction shape of the invention, material, structure etc., all according to this hair
Bright technical spirit any simple modification, equivalent change and modification to the above embodiments, belong to the technology of the present invention side
The protection scope of case.
Claims (2)
1. the focus accurate positioning method based on the networking of microseism space, it is characterised in that: include the following steps,
Step 1 pastes multiple acoustic emission sensors on object under test surface with binder, then by acoustic emission sensor,
Acoustic emission preamplifier, sound emission oscillograph successively use coaxial cable to be connected to follow-up data resolver；
Step 2, measuring targets, which apply external force, makes it generate acoustic emission signal, and acoustic emission sensor receives acoustic emission signal,
Then faint acoustic emission signal is transferred to acoustic emission preamplifier by coaxial cable；
Step 3, from acoustic emission preamplifier amplifies the faint acoustic emission signal detected from acoustic emission sensor
Reason, while unwanted signal is filtered, signal-to-noise ratio is improved, signal is then transferred to sound emission oscillography by coaxial cable
Device；
Step 4, sound emission oscillograph pass through adjustment signal trigger condition according to the environmental noise and other influence factors at scene
To obtain preferably stablizing waveform；And internal memory is recorded with the document form of A@~.wdt in acoustic emission signal；
A@~.wdt file that sound emission oscillograph transmits is converted to A@~.csv by step 5, follow-up data resolver, is obtained
Acoustic emission wave graphic data, acoustic emission waveform data include signal onset time, signal amplitude；Then it runs from the focus calibration write
Program carries out processing analysis to the acoustic emission waveform data information of acquisition, calculates focus coordinate (X, Y, Z), sound wave explosion time
Point T, sound wave relative energyA e With trueness error r.
2. the focus accurate positioning method according to claim 1 based on the networking of microseism space, it is characterised in that: step 5
In from the focus calibrating procedure write, calculating process are as follows:
(1) input respectively in the focus calibrating procedure write certainly: file is read and input path；The shape information of object under test；
Demarcate dimension: 2 dimensions or 3 dimensions；The number and coordinate of acoustic emission sensor；
(2) different location of measuring targets is tapped, and beating position coordinate is input in focus calibrating procedure, is then passed through
Follow-up data resolver analysis meter calculates the mean propagation velocity of the P wave in object under test；
(3) assume () be focus coordinate (X、Y、Z ) approximation, object under test is divided into N number of isometric
Block takes N=8 for the first time, it is assumed that i-th piece of coordinate be ()；Assuming that have K acoustic emission sensor, j-th of sound
Emission sensor coordinate be (X j、Y j、Z j) time point for receiving signal isThenFor with i-th piece of j-th of sound emission
The sound wave explosion time point that sensor calculates:
(1)
The average sound wave explosion time point T calculated by all acoustic emission sensorsiIt is indicated by equation (2)；So, equation (3)
Assume that sound wave occurs at i-th piece, the standard deviation S i of i-th piece of sound wave explosion time point,
(2)
(3)
When Si takes the smallest value, acoustic emission source is in i-th of piecemeal；Whether computational accuracy is up to standard, and then i-th point up to standard of precision
Block coordinate () be () initial value；Precision is not up to standard, continues i-th of piecemeal
It is divided into N number of isometric block to repeat above-mentioned calculating process, until meeting required precision；
(4)It isApproximation；Respectively represent their difference；
=(4)
(5) it enables
Then (5)
(6) assumeForExact value, and handled using least square method, following institute
Show；Residual errorForm can be written as follow:
(6)
(7)
It is necessary to meet following condition by least residual quadratic sum S:
. (8)
The residual sum of squares (RSS) S of equation (8) can be expressed as follows with inner product:
(9)
Then by solving equation (6), acquisition following equation:
(10)
Equation (10) are substituted into equation (6) and are expressed as determinant, then:
(11)
Differential can be denoted as by solving equation (11)；It can count simultaneously
Calculating focus coordinate () and sound wave explosion time point T；The exact value being calculatedIt is iteration
The approximation of calculating；
(7) sound emission seismic source energyA 0 Range can be obtained from the amplitude peak of acoustic emission waveform:
(12)
Lj: the distance between sound emission focus and j-th of acoustic emission sensor
K: the quantity of acoustic emission sensor
Aj: the amplitude peak of the waveform obtained from j-th of acoustic emission sensor
Sound emission seismic source energy is calculated using formula (12), relative energyA e It is provided by equation (13):
(13).
(8) it is calculated in step (6)Exact value, their standard variance point
It is not expressed as, their measured value can be expressed as weight；Power
The relationship of weight and standard variance is provided by equation (14):
(14)
Exact valueAccuracy can be indicated by following two error: standard deviation, precision miss
Poor r；Standard deviation can pass through the standard variance in processing (14) equationTo obtain
?；Trueness error is calculated using least square method, and trueness error (r > 0) and the relationship of standard deviation are given by following formula
Out:
R=0.6745 σ (15)
Standard varianceAverage value be expressed as
(16)
Wherein,VIt is the residual error v of measured value and calculated value in equation (6)i；Denominator is freedom degree；
X, the trueness error of Y, Z, T areIt is as follows:
(17) 。
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| CN111141830A (en) * | 2019-12-28 | 2020-05-12 | 西安交通大学 | Micro-nano coupling optical fiber sensor-based linear positioning system and method |
| CN111221034A (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2020-06-02 | 山东黄金矿业股份有限公司新城金矿 | Mine micro seismic source positioning method and simulation inspection system |
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| CN111221034A (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2020-06-02 | 山东黄金矿业股份有限公司新城金矿 | Mine micro seismic source positioning method and simulation inspection system |
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