CN110159423B - Four-stroke internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Four-stroke internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110159423B CN110159423B CN201910389471.9A CN201910389471A CN110159423B CN 110159423 B CN110159423 B CN 110159423B CN 201910389471 A CN201910389471 A CN 201910389471A CN 110159423 B CN110159423 B CN 110159423B
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002337 anti-port Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
- F01L3/20—Shapes or constructions of valve members, not provided for in preceding subgroups of this group
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
- F01N5/04—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using kinetic energy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B27/00—Use of kinetic or wave energy of charge in induction systems, or of combustion residues in exhaust systems, for improving quantity of charge or for increasing removal of combustion residues
- F02B27/04—Use of kinetic or wave energy of charge in induction systems, or of combustion residues in exhaust systems, for improving quantity of charge or for increasing removal of combustion residues in exhaust systems only, e.g. for sucking-off combustion gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B33/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps for charging or scavenging
- F02B33/02—Engines with reciprocating-piston pumps; Engines with crankcase pumps
- F02B33/04—Engines with reciprocating-piston pumps; Engines with crankcase pumps with simple crankcase pumps, i.e. with the rear face of a non-stepped working piston acting as sole pumping member in co-operation with the crankcase
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D11/00—Arrangements for, or adaptations to, non-automatic engine control initiation means, e.g. operator initiated
- F02D11/06—Arrangements for, or adaptations to, non-automatic engine control initiation means, e.g. operator initiated characterised by non-mechanical control linkages, e.g. fluid control linkages or by control linkages with power drive or assistance
- F02D11/08—Arrangements for, or adaptations to, non-automatic engine control initiation means, e.g. operator initiated characterised by non-mechanical control linkages, e.g. fluid control linkages or by control linkages with power drive or assistance of the pneumatic type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D9/00—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits
- F02D9/08—Throttle valves specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of such valves in conduits
- F02D9/12—Throttle valves specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of such valves in conduits having slidably-mounted valve members; having valve members movable longitudinally of conduit
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/18—Other cylinders
- F02F1/22—Other cylinders characterised by having ports in cylinder wall for scavenging or charging
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
- F16F15/04—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
- F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
- F02B2075/027—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle four
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of internal combustion engines, and particularly relates to a four-stroke internal combustion engine which comprises a cylinder body, a cylinder chamber, a crankshaft chamber, a cylinder air inlet, an air inlet valve, an exhaust valve, a first air inlet manifold, an exhaust manifold and a second air inlet manifold, wherein the first air inlet manifold is arranged at one end of the cylinder body, and the exhaust manifold is arranged at the other end of the cylinder body; the intake valve is communicated with a first intake manifold; a second air inlet manifold is arranged between the first air inlet manifold and the crankshaft chamber; the exhaust manifold is communicated with an exhaust valve; a cylinder air inlet is formed in the position, close to the cylinder chamber, of the crankshaft chamber; the device also comprises a power unit, an exhaust unit, a transmission unit and an air supplement unit, wherein the power unit is positioned in the exhaust manifold and is used for collecting the energy of the waste gas; the exhaust unit is positioned at the exhaust valve and used for accelerating the exhaust of the waste gas; the transmission unit is positioned on one side of the power unit and is used for power transmission of the power unit; the air supplementing unit is positioned in the second air inlet manifold and used for supplementing air into the crankshaft chamber.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of internal combustion engines, and particularly relates to a four-stroke internal combustion engine.
Background
The four-stroke internal combustion engine (engine) operates by taking in a mixture of fuel and air, compressing the mixture, expanding the gas generated by combustion to move a piston, and finally discharging the burnt exhaust gas, and the process is divided into four steps:
(one) intake stroke: the piston is down and the intake valve is opened, drawing a mixture of air and fuel (gasoline, etc.) into the cylinder.
(II) compression stroke: the intake valve is closed and the piston is up, compressing the mixture to make it smaller in volume.
(III) explosion stroke: the compressed mixed gas is ignited to make the gas burn and expand to push the piston downward (to do work).
(IV) exhaust stroke: at this point the exhaust valve opens and the piston is again up, expelling the combusted exhaust gases out of the cylinder.
The traditional four-stroke internal combustion engine (engine) has not changed much, and although the engine performance is improved and improved for many years, the defects of two action strokes inherent in the four-stroke internal combustion engine (engine) can not be completely improved or eliminated all the time.
Some technical schemes of four-stroke internal combustion engines also appear in the prior art, for example, a Chinese patent with application number 20008101698250 discloses a bidirectional air intake method and a device thereof for the four-stroke internal combustion engine; a two-way air intake method and device for four-stroke internal combustion engine includes cylinder with a cylinder chamber for introducing gas to carry out combustion explosion, an air inlet valve and an air outlet valve connected to the cylinder chamber; the crankshaft chamber is communicated with the cylinder chamber, the crankshaft chamber is provided with a crankshaft and a connecting rod which are connected, the connecting rod is connected with a piston, the piston moves in the cylinder chamber, and a cylinder air inlet is arranged on the crankshaft chamber and is adjacent to the cylinder chamber; the first intake manifold is communicated with the intake valve; an exhaust manifold is communicated with the exhaust valve; a second intake manifold is coupled to the crank chamber.
Although the technical scheme is used, the power and the performance of the four-stroke internal combustion engine are effectively improved, and the pollution emission can be reduced. However, the valve body control of such four-stroke internal combustion engines is complicated and the piston sealing device is subject to wear when the piston passes through the cylinder intake port, and for this reason, we propose a four-stroke internal combustion engine to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the four-stroke internal combustion engine, the power unit, the exhaust unit, the transmission unit and the air supply unit are adopted, the energy of waste gas can be effectively collected, the energy is saved, the emission of the waste gas is reduced, the exhaust stroke is more rapid and thorough, the control of the valve body is linked with the exhaust stroke, the complexity of electric control is reduced, the air flowing to the crankshaft chamber from the second air inlet manifold is opened only once, and the energy waste is reduced.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a four-stroke internal combustion engine comprises a cylinder body, a cylinder chamber, a crankshaft, a connecting rod, a piston, a cylinder air inlet, a spark plug, an air inlet valve, an exhaust valve, a first air inlet manifold, an exhaust manifold, a carburetor, a choke valve and a second air inlet manifold, wherein the first air inlet manifold is arranged at one end of the cylinder body, and the exhaust manifold is arranged at the other end of the cylinder body; the intake valve is communicated with a first intake manifold; a second air inlet manifold is arranged between the first air inlet manifold and the crankshaft chamber; the exhaust manifold is communicated with an exhaust valve; the cylinder body is provided with a cylinder chamber and a crankshaft chamber; a crankshaft is arranged in the crankshaft chamber and is hinged with the crankshaft chamber; one end of the crankshaft is hinged with the cylinder body, and the other end of the crankshaft is hinged with one end of the connecting rod; the other end of the connecting rod is hinged with the piston; the piston is connected in a sliding way in the cylinder chamber; a cylinder air inlet is formed in the position, close to the cylinder chamber, of the crankshaft chamber; a spark plug is arranged in the cylinder chamber; a carburetor and a choke valve are arranged at proper positions of the first air inlet manifold, and the carburetor and the choke valve are used for sucking fuel oil (such as gasoline) mixed in by air entering from the first air inlet manifold to form gas and gas (fuel mixed gas); the device also comprises a power unit, an exhaust unit, a transmission unit and an air supplement unit, wherein the power unit is positioned in the exhaust manifold and is used for collecting the energy of the waste gas; the exhaust unit is positioned at the exhaust valve and used for accelerating the exhaust of waste gas; the transmission unit is positioned on one side of the power unit and is used for power transmission of the power unit; the air supplementing unit is positioned in the second air inlet manifold and used for supplementing air to the crankshaft chamber;
the power unit comprises a power wind wheel and a driving shaft, and the driving shaft is rotatably connected to the cylinder body; the power wind wheel is fixedly connected with one end of the driving shaft; the exhaust unit comprises a driving bevel gear, a driven bevel gear and an exhaust wind wheel, and the driving bevel gear is fixedly connected with the driving shaft; the driven bevel gear is fixedly connected with the exhaust valve and is connected with the driving bevel gear through a gear pair; the exhaust wind wheel is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the exhaust valve; the transmission unit comprises a first belt wheel, a belt and a second belt wheel, and the first belt wheel is fixedly connected with the other end of the driving shaft; the second belt wheel is positioned in the second air inlet manifold and is rotationally connected with the second air inlet manifold, and the second belt wheel is a hollow wheel; the first belt wheel is connected with the second belt wheel through a belt; the air supplementing unit comprises a first valve plate, a second valve plate, a rotating plate, a top column, a folding rod, an air vent, a torsion spring, a rotating groove and a return spring, wherein the torsion spring is connected between the first valve plate and the second belt wheel, and one end of the first valve plate is provided with the top column, the air vent, the folding rod and the torsion spring; the folding rod is formed by hinging two sections of rods; the vent hole is positioned in the center of the first valve plate; the second valve plate is internally and symmetrically provided with rotating plates and rotating grooves; the rotation directions of the rotary grooves are consistent; the rotating plate is hinged with the second valve plate, and a return spring is connected between the rotating plate and the second valve plate.
When the engine works, in an intake stroke, the crankshaft drives the piston to move from the top dead center to the bottom dead center, the intake valve is opened, the mixed gas of gasoline and air is sucked into the cylinder body, and when the piston reaches the bottom dead center, the intake stroke is finished; after the intake stroke is finished, the piston reaches the bottom dead center, and the cylinder body is filled with a mixed gas of gasoline and air; the crankshaft continuously drives the piston to move from the bottom dead center to the top dead center, the intake valve and the exhaust valve are both closed, the mixed gas is compressed, the pressure and the temperature are increased until the piston reaches the top dead center, and the compression stroke is ended; the compression stroke is about to be finished, the piston reaches a certain moment before the top dead center, the high-voltage electricity provided by the ignition system acts on the spark plug, the spark plug jumps and ignites the mixed gas of the cylinder body, and the mixed gas rapidly burns and expands to do work because the running speed of the piston is extremely fast and rapidly crosses the top dead center, so that the piston is pushed to descend, the crankshaft is driven to output power, the crankshaft reaches the bottom dead center, and the power stroke is finished; after the power stroke is finished, the piston reaches a bottom dead center, the crankshaft drives the piston to move from the bottom dead center to an upper dead center, an exhaust valve is opened at the moment, and the combusted waste gas is discharged through the exhaust valve; when the waste gas passes through the exhaust manifold, the temperature of the waste gas is high and the waste gas has a certain speed, so the waste gas drives the power wind wheel to rotate, the power wind wheel drives the driving shaft to rotate, the exhaust valve rotates through the bevel gear pair, the exhaust wind wheel accelerates the exhaust of the waste gas in the cylinder chamber, and the exhaust efficiency and the exhaust effect of the waste gas are accelerated; the rotation of the driving shaft drives the first valve plate to rotate through the belt transmission consisting of the first belt wheel, the belt and the second belt wheel of the transmission unit, the folding rod on the first valve plate is thrown by centrifugal force to fold, and in the throwing process, the folding rod is screwed into the second valve plate rotating groove, so that the first valve plate drives the second valve plate to rotate together; when the folding rod is screwed into the rotary groove, the first valve plate moves towards the second valve plate, so that the ejection column ejects the rotary plate, and fresh air flows into the crank chamber; when the exhaust is finished, the power wind wheel stops rotating, so that the first valve plate slows down the rotation, the torsion spring drives the folding rod of the first valve plate to rotate out of the rotary groove of the second valve plate, the first valve plate is far away from the second valve plate, the ejection column does not eject the rotary plate any more, and the rotary plate is reset by the reset spring, so that the air does not flow into the crank chamber any more; after the exhaust is finished, the piston is positioned at the top dead center, and the next intake stroke is started; the power unit, the exhaust unit, the transmission unit and the air supply unit are adopted to effectively collect waste gas energy, save energy and reduce emission, the exhaust of waste gas can be more rapid and thorough, the valve body is controlled to be linked with the exhaust stroke, the complexity of electric control is reduced, the air flowing to the crankshaft chamber from the second air inlet manifold is only required to be opened once, and the energy waste is reduced.
Preferably, the ejection column is rotatably connected to the first valve plate, the ejection column can rotate along the axial lead of the ejection column, and the top of the ejection column is a wedge-shaped inclined plane; the rotating plate is provided with a spiral groove; the top column can rotate in the spiral groove. When the air flow guiding device works, when the ejection column jacks up the rotating plate, the wedge-shaped inclined plane of the ejection column is attached to the rotating plate, the rotation of the first valve plate can enable the wedge-shaped inclined plane of the ejection column to rotate along the spiral groove of the second valve plate, and after the ejection column completely jacks up the rotating plate, the wedge-shaped inclined plane of the ejection column forms a flow guiding layer, so that air flows into a crank chamber more smoothly without being blocked; when valve block speed slows down, the torsional spring will drive valve block antiport, and the fore-set will be along helicla flute antiport, and the inclined plane direction of fore-set will be unanimous with the incline direction who changes the board after stopping, and the atress is more even when making the fore-set jack-up commentaries on classics board once more, can not make and change the board and take place to deflect.
Preferably, the rotating plate is hinged with a guide plate; the guide plates are arc-shaped and are tightly attached to each other when not in work. When the air conditioner works, when the jacking column jacks up the rotating plate, the guide plate synchronously rotates along with the rotating plate, so that air flows through the second air inlet manifold smoothly without blockage, and further flows into the crankshaft chamber more smoothly without blockage; when the rotating plate is reset, the guide plates are attached to each other, the air tightness of the second valve plate is enhanced, and high-pressure gas which flows into the crank chamber and is formed in the air inlet process and the work doing process cannot easily flow back to the second air inlet manifold.
Preferably, the inner side of the guide plate is provided with a groove; an elastic membrane is fixedly connected in the groove. When the rotary plate is in work, after the rotary plate is reset, the guide plates can be attached to each other, the elastic membrane is compressed in the groove, so that the elastic membrane can fill gaps among the guide plates, the air tightness of the second valve plate is further enhanced, and high-pressure gas flowing into the crank chamber and formed after the air inlet process and the work doing process cannot easily flow back to the second air inlet manifold.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the four-stroke internal combustion engine, the power unit, the exhaust unit, the transmission unit and the air supply unit are adopted, waste gas energy can be effectively collected, energy is saved, emission is reduced, waste gas can be discharged more quickly and thoroughly, the valve body is controlled to be linked with the exhaust stroke, the complexity of electric control is reduced, air flowing to the crank chamber from the second air inlet manifold only needs to be opened once, and energy waste is reduced.
2. According to the four-stroke internal combustion engine, the wedge-shaped inclined plane of the top column forms the flow guide layer, so that air flows into a crankshaft chamber more smoothly without being blocked; after stopping, the direction of the inclined plane of the top column is consistent with the inclined direction of the rotating plate, so that the stress is more uniform when the top column jacks the rotating plate again, and the rotating plate cannot deflect; the guide plate ensures that air flows smoothly without obstruction when flowing through the second air inlet manifold, and further ensures that the air flows more smoothly without obstruction into the crankshaft chamber; when the rotating plate is reset, the guide plates are attached to each other, the elastic membrane fills gaps between the guide plates, the air tightness of the second valve plate is enhanced, and high-pressure gas flowing into the crank chamber and formed after an air inlet process and an acting process cannot easily flow back to the second air inlet manifold.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the rotating plate of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of a second valve plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of the invention at A in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of the invention at B in FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of the invention at C in FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a portion of the invention at D in FIG. 1;
in the figure: the cylinder comprises a cylinder body 1, a cylinder chamber 2, a crank chamber 3, a crank shaft 4, a connecting rod 5, a piston 6, a cylinder air inlet 7, an ignition plug 8, an inlet valve 9, an exhaust valve 10, a first inlet manifold 11, an exhaust manifold 12, a carburetor 13, a choke valve 14, a second inlet manifold 15, a power unit 16, a power wind wheel 161, a driving shaft 162, an exhaust unit 17, a driving bevel gear 171, a driven bevel gear 172, an exhaust wind wheel 173, a transmission unit 18, a first belt wheel 181 and a belt 182, the second belt wheel 183, the air replenishing unit 19, the first valve plate 191, the second valve plate 192, the spiral groove 1921, the rotating plate 193, the guide plate 1931, the groove 1932, the elastic membrane 1933, the top column 194, the folding rod 195, the vent hole 196, the torsion spring 197, the rotating groove 198, the buffer unit 20, the sliding block 201, the rotating rod 202, the baffle plate 203, the arc-shaped sliding groove 204, the vertical sliding groove 205, the scissor rod 206, the first air bag 207, the second air bag 208 and the oscillating rod 209.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation features, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described below with reference to the specific embodiments, and all directions of the invention are based on the figure 1.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the four-stroke internal combustion engine according to the present invention includes a cylinder body 1, a cylinder chamber 2, a crank chamber 3, a crank shaft 4, a connecting rod 5, a piston 6, a cylinder intake port 7, a spark plug 8, an intake valve 9, an exhaust valve 10, a first intake manifold 11, an exhaust manifold 12, a carburetor 13, a choke valve 14, and a second intake manifold 15, wherein the first intake manifold 11 is disposed at one end of the cylinder body 1, and the exhaust manifold 12 is disposed at the other end of the cylinder body 1; the intake valve 9 communicates with a first intake manifold 11; a second intake manifold 15 is arranged between the first intake manifold 11 and the crank chamber 3; the exhaust manifold 12 communicates with the exhaust valve 10; the cylinder body 1 is provided with a cylinder chamber 2 and a crankshaft chamber 3; a crankshaft 4 is arranged in the crankshaft chamber 3, and the crankshaft 4 is hinged with the crankshaft chamber 3; one end of the crankshaft 4 is hinged with the cylinder body 1, and the other end of the crankshaft 4 is hinged with one end of the connecting rod 5; the other end of the connecting rod 5 is hinged with a piston 6; the piston 6 is slidably connected in the cylinder chamber 2; a cylinder air inlet 7 is arranged at the position of the crankshaft chamber 3 close to the cylinder chamber 2; a spark plug 8 is arranged in the cylinder chamber 2; a carburetor 13 and a choke valve 14 are disposed at a proper position of the first intake manifold 11 for sucking the air entering from the first intake manifold 11 and mixing with fuel oil such as gasoline to form a gas and gas fuel mixture; the device also comprises a power unit 16, an exhaust unit 17, a transmission unit 18 and an air supply unit 19, wherein the power unit 16 is positioned in the exhaust manifold 12, and the power unit 16 is used for collecting the energy of the exhaust gas; the exhaust unit 17 is positioned at the exhaust valve 10, and the exhaust unit 17 is used for accelerating the exhaust of the exhaust gas; the transmission unit 18 is positioned at one side of the power unit 16, and the transmission unit 18 is used for power transmission of the power unit 16; the air supplementing unit 19 is positioned in the second air inlet manifold 15, and the air supplementing unit 19 is used for supplementing air into the crank chamber 3;
the power unit 16 comprises a power wind wheel 161 and a driving shaft 162, and the driving shaft 162 is rotatably connected to the cylinder body 1; the power wind wheel 161 is fixedly connected with one end of the driving shaft 162; the exhaust unit 17 comprises a driving bevel gear 171, a driven bevel gear 172 and an exhaust wind wheel 173, and the driving bevel gear 171 is fixedly connected with the driving shaft 162; the driven bevel gear 172 is fixedly connected with the exhaust valve 10, and the driven bevel gear 172 is connected with the driving bevel gear 171 through a gear pair; the exhaust wind wheel 173 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the exhaust valve 10; the transmission unit 18 comprises a first belt wheel 181, a belt 182 and a second belt wheel 183, and the first belt wheel 181 is fixedly connected with the other end of the driving shaft 162; the second belt wheel 183 is located in the second intake manifold 15, the second belt wheel 183 is rotatably connected with the second intake manifold 15, and the second belt wheel 183 is a hollow wheel; the first belt wheel 181 is connected with the second belt wheel 183 through a belt 182; the air supplementing unit 19 comprises a first valve plate 191, a second valve plate 192, a rotating plate 193, a top column 194, a folding rod 195, a vent hole 196, a torsion spring 197, a rotating groove 198 and a return spring, the torsion spring 197 is connected between the first valve plate 191 and the second belt wheel 183, and one end of the first valve plate 191 is provided with the top column 194, the vent hole 196, the folding rod 195 and the torsion spring 197; the folding rod 195 is formed by hinging two sections of rods; the vent hole 196 is positioned in the center of the first valve plate 191; the second valve plate 192 is internally and symmetrically provided with rotating plates 193, and the second valve plate 192 is provided with rotating grooves 198; the rotation directions of the rotary grooves 198 are consistent; the rotating plate 193 is hinged with the second valve plate 192, and a return spring is connected between the rotating plate 193 and the second valve plate 192.
During work, in an intake stroke, the crankshaft 4 drives the piston 6 to move from the top dead center to the bottom dead center, the intake valve 9 is opened, the mixed gas of gasoline and air is sucked into the cylinder body 1, and when the piston 6 reaches the bottom dead center, the intake stroke is finished; after the intake stroke is finished, the piston 6 reaches the bottom dead center, and the cylinder body 1 is filled with a mixture of gasoline and air; the crankshaft 4 continues to drive the piston 6 to move from the bottom dead center to the top dead center, the intake valve 9 and the exhaust valve 10 are both closed, the mixed gas is compressed, the pressure and the temperature are increased until the piston 6 reaches the top dead center, and the compression stroke is finished; the compression stroke is about to end, the piston 6 reaches a certain moment before the top dead center, the high-voltage electricity provided by the ignition system acts on the spark plug 8, the spark plug 8 jumps to ignite the mixed gas of the cylinder body 1, the mixed gas rapidly burns and expands to do work because the running speed of the piston 6 is extremely fast and rapidly crosses the top dead center, the piston 6 is pushed to descend to drive the crankshaft 4 to output power to reach the bottom dead center, and the power stroke is ended; after the power stroke is finished, the piston 6 reaches the bottom dead center, the crankshaft 4 drives the piston 6 to move from the bottom dead center to the top dead center, the exhaust valve 10 needs to be opened at the moment, and the burnt waste gas is discharged through the exhaust valve 10; when the exhaust gas passes through the exhaust manifold 12, the temperature of the exhaust gas is high and has a certain speed, so the exhaust gas drives the power wind wheel 161 to rotate, the power wind wheel 161 drives the driving shaft 162 to rotate, the exhaust valve 10 rotates through the bevel gear pair, the exhaust wind wheel 173 accelerates the exhaust gas discharged from the cylinder chamber 2, and the exhaust efficiency and effect of the exhaust gas are accelerated; the rotation of the driving shaft 162 drives the first valve plate 191 to rotate through the transmission of the belt 182 consisting of the first belt wheel 181, the belt 182 and the second belt wheel 183 of the transmission unit 18, the folding rod 195 on the first valve plate 191 is swung by centrifugal force to fold, and in the swinging process, the folding rod 195 is screwed into the rotary groove 198 of the second valve plate 192, so that the first valve plate 191 drives the second valve plate 192 to rotate together; when the folding rod 195 is screwed into the rotary groove 198, the first valve plate 191 moves towards the second valve plate 192, so that the top column 194 pushes up the rotary plate 193, and fresh air flows into the crank chamber 3; after the exhaust is finished, the power wind wheel 161 stops rotating, so that the first valve plate 191 slows down the rotation, the torsion spring 197 drives the folding rod 195 of the first valve plate 191 to rotate out of the rotary groove 198 of the second valve plate 192, the first valve plate 191 is far away from the second valve plate 192 at the moment, the top column 194 does not jack up the rotary plate 193 any more, and the rotary plate 193 is reset by the reset spring, so that the air does not flow into the crank chamber 3 any more; after the exhaust is finished, the piston 6 is positioned at the top dead center, and the next intake stroke is started; the power unit 16, the exhaust unit 17, the transmission unit 18 and the air supply unit 19 are adopted to effectively collect waste gas energy, save energy and reduce emission, exhaust of waste gas can be more rapid and thorough, the valve body is controlled to be linked with the exhaust stroke, the complexity of electric control is reduced, air flowing to the crank chamber 3 from the second air inlet manifold 15 only needs to be opened once, and energy waste is reduced.
As one embodiment, the four-stroke internal combustion engine is characterized in that the top pillar 194 is rotatably connected to the first valve plate 191, the top pillar 194 can rotate along the axial lead of the top pillar 194, and the top of the top pillar 194 is a wedge-shaped inclined plane; a spiral groove 1921 is formed in the rotating plate 193; the top post 194 is rotatable within a helical slot 1921. When the top pillar 194 jacks up the rotating plate 193 during operation, the wedge-shaped inclined surface of the top pillar 194 clings to the rotating plate 193, the first valve plate 191 rotates to enable the wedge-shaped inclined surface of the top pillar 194 to rotate along the spiral groove 1921 of the second valve plate 192, and after the top pillar 194 completely jacks up the rotating plate 193, the wedge-shaped inclined surface of the top pillar 194 forms a flow guide layer, so that air can flow into the crank chamber 3 more smoothly without blockage; when the speed of the first valve plate 191 is reduced, the torsion spring 197 drives the first valve plate 191 to rotate reversely, the ejection column 194 rotates reversely along the spiral groove 1921, the direction of the inclined surface of the ejection column 194 is consistent with the inclination direction of the rotating plate 193 after stopping, and therefore the force is more uniform when the ejection column 194 ejects the rotating plate 193 again, and the rotating plate 193 cannot deflect.
In one embodiment, the rotating plate 193 is hinged with a baffle 1931; the guide plates 1931 are arc-shaped, and the guide plates 1931 are tightly attached to each other when not in work. When the top pillar 194 jacks up the rotating plate 193 in operation, the guide plate 1931 also synchronously rotates along with the rotating plate 193, so that air flows smoothly through the second air inlet manifold 15, and further flows into the crank chamber 3 more smoothly without blockage; when the rotating plate 193 is reset, the guide plates 1931 are tightly attached to each other, so that the air tightness of the second valve plate 192 is enhanced, and high-pressure gas flowing into the crank chamber 3 and formed after the air inlet process and the work applying process cannot easily flow back to the second air inlet manifold 15.
As one embodiment, the invention provides a four-stroke internal combustion engine, wherein a groove 1932 is formed inside a guide plate 1931; an elastic membrane 1933 is fixedly connected in the groove 1932. During operation, after the commentaries on classics board 193 resets, guide plate 1931 can hug closely each other, and elastic membrane 1933 will be compressed from recess 1932 in to elastic membrane 1933 will fill the space between guide plate 1931, has further strengthened the gas tightness of No. two valve blocks 192, and the high-pressure gas that makes to flow into crank chamber 3 and form after process of admitting air and the work process can not lightly flow back to second air intake manifold 15.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are given by way of illustration of the principles of the present invention, and that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (3)
1. A four-stroke internal combustion engine comprises a cylinder body (1), a cylinder chamber (2), a crankshaft chamber (3), a crankshaft (4), a connecting rod (5), a piston (6), a cylinder air inlet (7), a spark plug (8), an air inlet valve (9), an exhaust valve (10), a first air inlet manifold (11), an exhaust manifold (12), a carburetor (13), a choke valve (14) and a second air inlet manifold (15), wherein the first air inlet manifold (11) is arranged at one end of the cylinder body (1), and the exhaust manifold (12) is arranged at the other end of the cylinder body (1); the intake valve (9) is communicated with a first intake manifold (11); a second intake manifold (15) is arranged between the first intake manifold (11) and the crank chamber (3); the exhaust manifold (12) is communicated with an exhaust valve (10); the cylinder body (1) is provided with a cylinder chamber (2) and a crankshaft chamber (3); a crankshaft (4) is arranged in the crankshaft chamber (3), and the crankshaft (4) is hinged with the crankshaft chamber (3); one end of the crankshaft (4) is hinged with the cylinder body (1), and the other end of the crankshaft (4) is hinged with one end of the connecting rod (5); the other end of the connecting rod (5) is hinged with the piston (6); the piston (6) is connected in a sliding way in the cylinder chamber (2); a cylinder air inlet (7) is formed in the position, close to the cylinder chamber (2), of the crankshaft chamber (3); a spark plug (8) is arranged in the cylinder chamber (2); a carburetor (13) and a choke valve (14) are arranged at a proper position of the first air inlet manifold (11) and are used for sucking air entering from the first air inlet manifold (11) and mixing fuel oil into the air to form fuel gas and gas; the method is characterized in that: the device is characterized by also comprising a power unit (16), an exhaust unit (17), a transmission unit (18) and an air supply unit (19), wherein the power unit (16) is positioned in the exhaust manifold (12), and the power unit (16) is used for collecting the energy of the exhaust gas; the exhaust unit (17) is positioned at the exhaust valve (10), and the exhaust unit (17) is used for accelerating the exhaust of the exhaust gas; the transmission unit (18) is positioned on one side of the power unit (16), and the transmission unit (18) is used for power transmission of the power unit (16); the gas supplementing unit (19) is positioned in the second air inlet manifold (15), and the gas supplementing unit (19) is used for supplementing gas into the crank chamber (3);
the power unit (16) comprises a power wind wheel (161) and a driving shaft (162), and the driving shaft (162) is rotatably connected to the cylinder body (1); the power wind wheel (161) is fixedly connected with one end of the driving shaft (162); the exhaust unit (17) comprises a driving bevel gear (171), a driven bevel gear (172) and an exhaust wind wheel (173), and the driving bevel gear (171) is fixedly connected with the driving shaft (162); the driven bevel gear (172) is fixedly connected with the exhaust valve (10), and the driven bevel gear (172) is connected with the driving bevel gear (171) through a gear pair; the exhaust wind wheel (173) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the exhaust valve (10); the transmission unit (18) comprises a first belt wheel (181), a belt (182) and a second belt wheel (183), and the first belt wheel (181) is fixedly connected with the other end of the driving shaft (162); the second belt wheel (183) is positioned in the second air inlet manifold (15), the second belt wheel (183) is rotatably connected with the second air inlet manifold (15), and the second belt wheel (183) is a hollow wheel; the first belt wheel (181) is connected with the second belt wheel (183) through a belt (182); the air supplementing unit (19) comprises a first valve plate (191), a second valve plate (192), a rotating plate (193), a top column (194), a folding rod (195), a vent hole (196), a torsion spring (197), a rotating groove (198) and a return spring, wherein the torsion spring (197) is connected between the first valve plate (191) and the second belt wheel (183), and one end of the first valve plate (191) is provided with the top column (194), the vent hole (196), the folding rod (195) and the torsion spring (197); the folding rod (195) is formed by hinging two sections of rods; the vent hole (196) is positioned in the center of the first valve plate (191); the second valve plate (192) is internally and symmetrically provided with rotating plates (193), and the second valve plate (192) is provided with a rotating groove (198); the rotation directions of the rotary grooves (198) are consistent; the rotating plate (193) is hinged with the second valve plate (192), and a return spring is connected between the rotating plate (193) and the second valve plate (192);
in the intake stroke, the crankshaft (4) drives the piston (6) to move from the top dead center to the bottom dead center, the intake valve (9) is opened, the mixture of gasoline and air is sucked into the cylinder body (1), and when the piston (6) reaches the bottom dead center, the intake stroke is finished; after the intake stroke is finished, the piston (6) reaches the bottom dead center, and the cylinder body (1) is filled with a mixture of gasoline and air; the crankshaft (4) continues to drive the piston (6) to move from the bottom dead center to the top dead center, the intake valve (9) and the exhaust valve (10) are both closed, the mixed gas is compressed, the pressure and the temperature are increased until the piston (6) reaches the top dead center, and the compression stroke is finished; the compression stroke is about to end, the piston (6) reaches a certain moment before the top dead center, high-voltage electricity provided by the ignition system acts on the spark plug (8), the spark plug (8) jumps to ignite the mixed gas of the cylinder body (1), the mixed gas rapidly passes the top dead center because of the extremely fast running speed of the piston (6), and simultaneously the mixed gas rapidly burns and expands to do work, pushes the piston (6) to move downwards, drives the crankshaft (4) to output power, reaches the bottom dead center, and the power stroke is ended; after the power stroke is finished, the piston (6) reaches a bottom dead center, the crankshaft (4) drives the piston (6) to move from the bottom dead center to an upper dead center, at the moment, the exhaust valve (10) is opened, and the combusted waste gas is discharged through the exhaust valve (10); when the waste gas passes through the exhaust manifold (12), the temperature of the waste gas is high and has a certain speed, so the waste gas drives the power wind wheel (161) to rotate, the power wind wheel (161) drives the driving shaft (162) to rotate, the exhaust valve (10) rotates through the bevel gear pair, the exhaust wind wheel (173) accelerates the exhaust gas discharged from the cylinder chamber (2), and the exhaust efficiency and effect of the waste gas are accelerated; the rotation of the driving shaft (162) drives the first valve plate (191) to rotate through the transmission of the belt (182) consisting of the first belt wheel (181), the belt (182) and the second belt wheel (183) of the transmission unit (18), the folding rod (195) on the first valve plate (191) is swung by centrifugal force to fold, and in the swinging process, the folding rod (195) is screwed into the rotary groove (198) of the second valve plate (192), so that the first valve plate (191) drives the second valve plate (192) to rotate together; when the folding rod (195) is screwed into the rotary groove (198), the first valve plate (191) moves towards the second valve plate (192), so that the ejection column (194) ejects the rotary plate (193), and fresh air flows into the crank chamber (3); after the exhaust is finished, the power wind wheel (161) stops rotating, so that the first valve plate (191) slows down the rotation, the torsion spring (197) drives the folding rod (195) of the first valve plate (191) to rotate out of the rotary groove (198) of the second valve plate (192), the first valve plate (191) is far away from the second valve plate (192), the ejection column (194) does not eject the rotary plate (193) any more, and the rotary plate (193) is reset by the reset spring, so that the air does not flow into the crank chamber (3); the exhaust is finished, the piston (6) is positioned at the top dead center, and the next intake stroke is started; the power unit (16), the exhaust unit (17), the transmission unit (18) and the air supply unit (19) are adopted, so that the waste gas energy can be effectively collected, the energy is saved, the emission is reduced, the waste gas can be discharged more quickly and thoroughly, the valve body is controlled to be linked with the exhaust stroke, the complexity of electric control is reduced, the air flowing to the crank chamber (3) from the second air inlet manifold (15) only needs to be opened once, and the energy waste is reduced;
the top column (194) is rotatably connected to the first valve plate (191), the top column (194) can rotate along the axial lead of the top column (194), and the top of the top column (194) is a wedge-shaped inclined plane; a spiral groove (1921) is arranged on the rotating plate (193); the top column (194) can rotate in the spiral groove (1921);
when the top column (194) jacks up the rotating plate (193), the wedge-shaped inclined plane of the top column (194) is attached to the rotating plate (193), the rotation of the first valve plate (191) can enable the wedge-shaped inclined plane of the top column (194) to rotate along the spiral groove (1921) of the second valve plate (192), and after the top column (194) completely jacks up the rotating plate (193), the wedge-shaped inclined plane of the top column (194) forms a flow guide layer, so that air can flow into the crank chamber (3) more smoothly without blockage; when the speed of the first valve plate (191) is reduced, the torsion spring (197) drives the first valve plate (191) to rotate reversely, the ejection column (194) rotates reversely along the spiral groove (1921), the slope direction of the ejection column (194) is consistent with the slope direction of the rotating plate (193) after stopping, the stress is more uniform when the ejection column (194) jacks up the rotating plate (193) again, and the rotating plate (193) cannot deflect.
2. A four-stroke internal combustion engine as recited in claim 1, wherein: the rotating plate (193) is hinged with a deflector (1931); the guide plate (1931) is arc-shaped, and the guide plates (1931) are tightly attached to each other when not in work.
3. A four-stroke internal combustion engine as set forth in claim 2 wherein: a groove (1932) is formed in the inner side of the guide plate (1931); an elastic membrane (1933) is fixedly connected in the groove (1932).
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| CN201910389471.9A CN110159423B (en) | 2019-05-10 | 2019-05-10 | Four-stroke internal combustion engine |
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| CN201910389471.9A CN110159423B (en) | 2019-05-10 | 2019-05-10 | Four-stroke internal combustion engine |
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| CN101684744A (en) * | 2008-09-28 | 2010-03-31 | 周泮敖 | Four-stroke internal combustion engine bidirectional air inlet method and device thereof |
| CN204900010U (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2015-12-23 | 周海燕 | Take rotation type to supply exhaust system's engine |
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| DE102017003856A1 (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2018-10-25 | Matthias Wagner | New operating concept for operating a 2-stroke internal combustion engine |
| CN109184900A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-01-11 | 苏州帕瓦麦斯动力有限公司 | A kind of engine-driven gearing |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2528748B (en) * | 2014-06-03 | 2016-08-17 | Pattakos Manousos | Asymmetric transfer and intake in two-strokes |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101684744A (en) * | 2008-09-28 | 2010-03-31 | 周泮敖 | Four-stroke internal combustion engine bidirectional air inlet method and device thereof |
| CN204900010U (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2015-12-23 | 周海燕 | Take rotation type to supply exhaust system's engine |
| CN204900055U (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2015-12-23 | 曹建峰 | Jar heat dissipation engine in jar that keeps warm outward |
| DE102017003856A1 (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2018-10-25 | Matthias Wagner | New operating concept for operating a 2-stroke internal combustion engine |
| CN109184900A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-01-11 | 苏州帕瓦麦斯动力有限公司 | A kind of engine-driven gearing |
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