CN110157923B - Method and device for zinc smelting in electric furnace and tail gas treatment and recycling - Google Patents

Method and device for zinc smelting in electric furnace and tail gas treatment and recycling Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110157923B
CN110157923B CN201910590354.9A CN201910590354A CN110157923B CN 110157923 B CN110157923 B CN 110157923B CN 201910590354 A CN201910590354 A CN 201910590354A CN 110157923 B CN110157923 B CN 110157923B
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tail gas
zinc
electric furnace
gas
separator
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CN110157923A (en
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王姝
凌连群
韩忠强
杨海亮
张金鹏
殷建为
刘尧
何昌斌
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China Tianchen Engineering Corp
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China Tianchen Engineering Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D50/00—Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D50/20—Combinations of devices covered by groups B01D45/00 and B01D46/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D7/00—Sublimation
    • B01D7/02—Crystallisation directly from the vapour phase
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
    • C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
    • C10L3/08—Production of synthetic natural gas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
    • C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
    • C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
    • C10L3/101—Removal of contaminants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
    • C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
    • C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
    • C10L3/101—Removal of contaminants
    • C10L3/106—Removal of contaminants of water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B19/00—Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide
    • C22B19/04—Obtaining zinc by distilling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a method and a device for treating and recycling electric furnace zinc smelting and tail gas, wherein a reaction product obtained by electric furnace zinc smelting is chilled by a chiller to obtain crude zinc and tail gas, and the tail gas sequentially passes through a cyclone separator, a bag-type dust remover, a tail gas buffer tank, a steam waste pot system, a water ring type compressor and a separator to realize further recovery and energy recovery and utilization of zinc particles. The method and the device for treating and recycling the tail gas in the electric furnace zinc metallurgy have the advantages of high product yield, low cost, energy conservation, emission reduction, high energy utilization rate and the like.

Description

Method and device for zinc smelting in electric furnace and tail gas treatment and recycling
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of zinc metallurgy and tail gas recycling, in particular to a method and a device for treating and recycling zinc metallurgy and tail gas in an electric furnace.
Background
In the modern industry, zinc has a non-grindable position. Zinc is not only a basic nonferrous metal raw material developed in the automobile industry, the chemical industry, the military industry and the like, but also a basic raw material closely related to the life of people. Zinc is currently the third largest nonferrous metal in the consumption of nonferrous metals, next to copper and aluminum. The zinc metal has good ductility, wear resistance and corrosion resistance, and can be made into an alloy with better physical and chemical properties with various metals.
The zinc industry in China mainly comprises three parts of mining, ore dressing and smelting. Since 1990, our country still depends on import except a small amount of special zinc materials, and the net export quantity of zinc concentrate, refined zinc and zinc alloy is increased at a high speed and is in a higher development situation.
The zinc industry is mineral processing industry, belongs to the traditional nonferrous metal preparation process, belongs to the traditional industry of high energy consumption, high emission and high pollution, and has great environmental pollution in the smelting process. The amount of zinc discharged to the atmosphere in 2017 in China is 289000 tons, of which about 30% comes from zinc smelting.
The traditional electric furnace zinc smelting method is to add zinc ore, reducing agent and additive into an electric furnace for heating, and the electric furnace outputs zinc steam at 1050-1200 ℃. And condensing zinc steam through a splash condenser to obtain crude zinc. The tail gas is directly discharged to the atmosphere after further removing solid particles by a dry method or a wet method.
Such a method has the following problems:
(1) the splash condenser condenses zinc vapor into solid/liquid zinc, which is easy to be blocked after long-time operation. The running stability is poor.
(2) A large amount of circulating water is required to be used at 1050-1200 ℃, a large amount of high-level heat value is wasted, and a large amount of electricity consumption and water consumption are increased.
(3) The splash cooler is a dividing wall type heat exchanger, the heat exchange efficiency is low, and the size of the cooler is huge due to the fact that the yield of zinc products is considerable. Increasing investment and occupation of land.
(4) The tail gas contains a large amount of combustible gases such as carbon monoxide with good heat value, but because the high-content zinc powder still contains the zinc powder, the heat cannot be directly utilized, the zinc powder can only be discharged on site, and the serious environmental pollution can be caused while the energy is wasted.
(5) After passing through the traditional electric furnace zinc smelting process, about 2% of zinc is discharged to the atmosphere through tail gas, and the waste is serious.
(6) When the wet method is adopted to remove the residual zinc in the tail gas, the residual zinc is recovered by flushing a scrubber, but the substance recovered by the scrubber is water blue powder, the main component of the water blue powder is zinc oxide, the water blue powder is required to be subjected to precipitation, salvage, pelletization and drying and then returned to a furnace for smelting, the repeated treatment process greatly increases the cost of electric furnace zinc smelting, the zinc recovery rate by the water flushing method only can reach 94%, the zinc content in the waste gas discharged after flushing is more, and the pollution to the air is serious by direct discharge; the water blue powder generated by water flushing needs a great deal of manpower and material resources to precipitate and then salvage, the salvaged water blue powder needs to be granulated and dried and then returned to the furnace for smelting, and the sewage generated by continuously returning to the furnace for smelting is large in quantity, so that the water blue powder is difficult to treat and the treatment cost is very high; the process of furnace return smelting is too complicated, a large amount of manpower and material resources are wasted, the consumption of electric energy is increased during furnace return smelting, and a part of zinc is discharged into the air during each furnace return smelting, so that the process is unfavorable for environmental protection, is unfavorable for energy conservation, cannot achieve the purpose of energy conservation and energy reduction, and does not completely meet the principle of energy conservation and emission reduction.
Disclosure of Invention
Compared with the existing zinc smelting process and tail gas treatment and recycling method, the process has the advantages that the system operation stability, the energy utilization rate and the zinc production yield can be improved, meanwhile, the sewage discharge can be reduced, the cost is reduced, the corresponding device can be used for newly-built electric furnace zinc smelting devices, the original electric furnace zinc smelting devices can be modified, and the practicability is high.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a method for treating and recycling zinc smelting and tail gas in an electric furnace comprises the following steps:
step 1: the raw materials undergo zinc smelting reaction in an electric furnace, and the obtained reaction product enters a chiller to be mixed and chilled with circulating gas to obtain mixed gas containing zinc particles;
step 2: the mixed gas containing zinc particles generated in the step 1 enters a cyclone separator and is subjected to solid-gas separation under the action of cyclone to obtain zinc particles and first tail gas;
step 3: the first tail gas generated in the step 2 enters a bag-type dust remover, and zinc particles and second tail gas are obtained through further filtration and separation;
step 4: the second tail gas generated in the step 3 enters a tail gas buffer tank, and zinc particles and third tail gas are obtained after full standing and sedimentation; the setting of tail gas buffer tank can make the zinc powder in the second tail gas f fully keep still on the one hand, and the zinc powder can separate and subside to equipment bottom, and on the other hand because electric furnace outlet pressure and flow fluctuation are great, set up the tail gas buffer tank and can protect upstream electric furnace operation not influenced, also can guarantee that inlet pressure and outlet pressure of follow-up tail gas booster system (mainly by compressor and separator constitution) are steady relatively simultaneously.
Step 5: the third tail gas obtained in the step 4 enters a steam waste boiler system to obtain steam and fourth tail gas; after the cyclone separator 2, the high-efficiency bag-type dust collector 3 and the tail gas buffer tank 4 are passed, the zinc powder content in the third tail gas is very low (less than 1%), at this time, sensible heat in the high-temperature tail gas can be fully converted into latent heat of water vapor through a vapor waste boiler system, so that the utilization of the heat value of the whole process is more reasonable, and byproduct vapor can be used or sold independently, and the economic benefit can be improved.
Step 6: the fourth tail gas generated in the step 5 enters a water ring type compressor, and pressurized tail gas is obtained through pressurization; the water ring type compressor improves the tail gas pressure, increases the convenience and flexibility of utilization of combustible gases such as CO, H2 and the like, and can freely determine the outlet pressure of the water ring type compressor according to the actual fuel gas pressure condition in actual operation.
Step 7: and (3) the pressurized tail gas obtained in the step (6) enters a separator, fuel gas and zinc-containing sewage are obtained through gas-liquid separation, one part of the fuel gas is led to a fuel gas pipe network, and the other part of the fuel gas flows into a chiller as circulating gas.
Further, the number of the bag-type dust collectors in the step 3 is at least 2, and when one bag-type dust collector stops working, the operation is switched to the other standby bag-type dust collector to continue working.
Further, the steam waste boiler system in the step 5 is at least provided with 2 waste boilers, the waste boilers are communicated in sequence, the third tail gas obtained in the step 4 enters the steam waste boiler system, and meanwhile, the waste boilers are supplemented with water to obtain tail gas byproduct steam of different grades. According to the by-product steam grade and overheat condition freely allocated in the whole factory condition, a plurality of waste pots can be arranged to efficiently utilize the heat in the tail gas.
Further, the bottom of the tail gas buffer tank in the step 4 is provided with a manhole, and when the system stops working, zinc particles are drawn out from the manhole of the tail gas buffer tank.
Furthermore, the volume of the tail gas buffer tank in the step 4 can meet the buffer time of 10-15 minutes of tail gas. The arrangement can enable the tail gas to fully stand still and settle in the buffer tank.
The utility model provides an electric stove zinc metallurgy and tail gas treatment recycling device, includes electric stove, chiller, cyclone, sack cleaner, tail gas buffer tank, steam waste pan system, water ring compressor and the separator of intercommunication in proper order, still includes fuel pipe network connecting tube, chiller and fuel pipe network connecting tube are linked together with the top of separator respectively.
Further, a first valve is arranged on a connecting passage of the separator and the chiller, and a second valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the fuel pipe network. The two paths of gas flow are respectively controlled by a first valve and a second valve.
Further, the separator is communicated with a water supplementing pipeline. When the water level of the separator is lower, water is supplemented into the separator through a water supplementing pipeline.
Further, the water cooler is communicated with the water ring type compressor and the separator respectively.
The pressurized tail gas obtained by the water ring compressor enters the separator to cause the water temperature in the separator to rise, and in the actual working process, part of water in the separator flows through the water cooler to return to the water ring compressor for tail gas pressurization, and the heat is taken out of the system through the water cooler.
The tail gas supercharging system composed of the water ring compressor and the separator has three main functions, one of which is: pressurizing the fourth tail gas entering the pressurizing system, and finally converting the tail gas into reusable fuel gas and recycle gas; the second step is: the working principle of the water ring type compressor is utilized, a water supply system is carried out while pressurization is carried out, residual micro zinc powder in tail gas is cleaned, gas-liquid-solid three-phase separation is finally completed in a separator, fuel gas is output from the top of the separator, and a small amount of waste water containing zinc particles is output from the bottom of the separator; the third is: and (3) fully transferring tail gas heat which cannot be finally utilized (tail gas which is produced after the steam waste boiler system and is about 100 ℃) into process water, and finally taking the tail gas heat out of the system through a water cooler.
The steam waste boiler system is arranged between the cyclone separator, the cloth bag dust remover, the tail gas buffer tank and other separating devices and the water ring type compressor, so that zinc particles in the tail gas can be prevented from remaining in the waste boiler to cause blockage or damage to the waste boiler, in addition, the temperature of the tail gas is greatly reduced after the tail gas passes through the steam waste boiler system, and the high-temperature tail gas is prevented from directly entering the tail gas pressurizing system to cause a large amount of circulating water loss while the energy utilization rate is improved.
Compared with the prior art, the method and the device for treating and recycling the zinc smelting and tail gas in the electric furnace have the advantages that:
(1) According to the method and the device for treating and recycling the electric furnace zinc smelting and the tail gas, zinc steam is rapidly condensed into solid zinc through the chilling mixer, so that the problem of blockage of a splash cooler in the traditional zinc smelting process can be solved, and better operation stability is provided; in addition, because a splash cooler is not adopted in the device, the total investment can be greatly reduced under the same yield.
(2) According to the method and the device for treating and recycling the zinc smelting and the tail gas of the electric furnace, provided by the invention, the high-position heat value of the electric furnace gas can be fully converted into the byproduct steam through the steam waste boiler system, and the byproduct steam can be personalized according to the steam grade of the whole plant, so that the operation elasticity is good, the energy utilization rate is high, the byproduct steam can be independently utilized and can be sold, and the economic benefit is good;
(3) The method and the device for treating and recycling the tail gas of the electric furnace zinc metallurgy can realize the full utilization of the tail gas of the zinc metallurgy, are used as fuel gas for self-use or sale, and have good economic benefit; meanwhile, the exhaust gas in the traditional process flow is directly discharged to the atmosphere, and the environment pollution caused by particulate matters and harmful gases is avoided.
(4) By adopting the novel electric furnace zinc smelting and tail gas treatment and recycling method and device provided by the invention, the zinc yield is improved by 5% compared with that of the traditional zinc smelting process, and the produced crude zinc is dry solid zinc powder which is easy to recycle;
(5) Compared with the traditional zinc smelting process, the novel electric furnace zinc smelting process provided by the invention can (1) reduce the zinc-containing sewage discharge amount (2) improve the content of the bluish powder in the sewage and (3) reduce the bluish powder amount under the same zinc yield. The traditional process can generate a large amount of sewage containing blue powder in the wet washing process, and the sewage is very labor and material consuming to use.
(6) The cooling method adopted by the novel electric furnace zinc smelting process provided by the invention is a chilling mixed cooling method, namely a large amount of low-temperature chilling gas is in contact with zinc steam for cooling, mass transfer and heat transfer are simultaneously carried out, chilled zinc steam can be rapidly cooled into crude product zinc with uniform particle size, and compared with the crude product zinc produced by a traditional splashing cooler, the crude product zinc has uniform particle size distribution and good shape, and is beneficial to downstream continuous purification.
(7) The novel electric furnace zinc smelting process device provided by the invention is simple and convenient to operate, safe and environment-friendly, and small in total occupied area. The method has very strong operability no matter for newly-built electric furnace zinc smelting devices or for modifying the original electric furnace zinc smelting devices.
(8) The novel electric furnace zinc smelting process provided by the invention has strong applicability to various electric furnaces, and the zinc smelting process provided by the invention can be applied to transformation without transformation and replacement of the electric furnace.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a flow chart of a process for smelting zinc in an electric furnace and treating and recycling tail gas according to an embodiment of the invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1-a chiller; a 2-cyclone separator; 3-a cloth bag dust remover; 4-a tail gas buffer tank; 5-water ring compressor; 6-a gas-liquid separator; 7-an electric furnace; 8-a steam waste boiler system; 9-a water supplementing pipeline; 10-a water cooler; 11-a fuel pipe network connecting pipeline; 12-a first valve; 13-a second valve; 14-a water supply pipeline;
a-a reaction product; b-circulating gas; c-a mixed gas containing zinc particles; d-zinc particles; e-first tail gas; f-a second tail gas; g-a third tail gas; h-circulating water; i-high grade steam; j-low grade steam; k-fourth tail gas; m-pressurized tail gas; n-clean fuel gas; p-high heating value fuel gas; q-zinc-containing sewage.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.
Examples:
as shown in figure 1, the novel electric furnace zinc smelting and tail gas treatment recycling method comprises an electric furnace 7, a chiller 1, a cyclone separator 2, a bag-type dust collector 3, a tail gas buffer tank 4, a steam waste boiler system 8, a water ring compressor 5 and a separator 6 which are sequentially communicated, and further comprises a fuel pipe network connecting pipeline 11, wherein the chiller 1 and the fuel pipe network connecting pipeline 11 are respectively communicated with the top of the separator 6, a first valve 12 is arranged on a connecting passage between the separator 6 and the chiller 1, and a second valve 13 is arranged on the fuel pipe network connecting pipeline 11. The separator 6 is in communication with a water replenishment line 9. The water cooler 10 is respectively communicated with the water ring type compressor 5 and the separator 6.
When zinc smelting and tail gas treatment recycling are carried out, firstly raw materials are subjected to zinc smelting reaction in an electric furnace 7 to obtain a reaction product a with the temperature of 1050-1200 ℃, wherein the reaction product a consists of zinc steam, CO, a small amount of CO2, CH4 and other gases, and the content of the zinc steam is about 75-80%. The reaction product a then enters a chiller 1 to be mixed and chilled with a large amount of circulating gas b, so that gaseous zinc in the reaction product a is rapidly cooled into zinc particles under the efficient cooling effect of the circulating gas b, and a mixed gas c containing the zinc particles is obtained;
the mixed gas c containing zinc particles enters the cyclone separator 2, more than 97% of the zinc particles are separated by cyclone action in the cyclone separator 2, the zinc particles d are discharged from the lower part of the cyclone separator 2, solid and dry crude zinc is obtained, and the first tail gas e containing a small amount of zinc particles (about 3%) is output from the top of the cyclone separator 2. Then the first tail gas e enters a bag-type dust remover 3, and zinc particles d and second tail gas f are obtained through further filtration and separation; for continuous operation of the system, 2 cloth bag type dust collectors 3 are arranged, and a 1-opening 1-standby design is adopted, when cloth bag cleaning is carried out, when one cloth bag type dust collector 3 stops working, the operation is switched to the other standby cloth bag type dust collector 3 to continue working.
Only about 1% of small-particle zinc powder remains in the second tail gas f obtained after separation by the bag-type dust collector 3, the second tail gas f enters a tail gas buffer tank 4, and zinc particles and third tail gas g are obtained after full standing and sedimentation; through abundant subsidence, little zinc granule subsides to tail gas buffer tank 4 bottom, and tail gas buffer tank 4 bottom is equipped with the manhole, when the system was stopped, can draw out zinc granule d from the manhole of tail gas buffer tank 4. The zinc particles d obtained by the cyclone 2, the bag house 3 and the off-gas buffer tank 4 were finally joined, and up to this point all the crude zinc produced in dry solid form had been produced, the crude zinc yield being 99%.
After zinc particles in the tail gas are further removed through the tail gas buffer tank 4, the obtained third tail gas g enters the steam waste boiler system 8, the steam waste boiler system 8 comprises 2 waste boiler systems which are sequentially communicated, and water is supplemented to the waste boiler through the water feeding pipeline 14 while the third tail gas g passes through the steam waste boiler system 8, so that high-grade steam i, low-grade steam j and fourth tail gas k are obtained;
the temperature of the fourth tail gas k after passing through the steam waste boiler system 8 is reduced to about 100 ℃, and the fourth tail gas k then enters the water ring compressor 5 for pressurization to obtain pressurized tail gas m; the pressurized tail gas m then enters the separator 6 for gas-liquid separation to obtain clean fuel gas n and zinc-containing sewage q, the fuel gas n is output from the top of the separator 6, and a small amount of zinc-containing sewage q is output from the bottom of the separator 6. The fuel gas n output from the top of the separator 6 is divided into two paths, one path is led to a fuel gas pipe network through a fuel gas pipe network connecting channel 11, the other path is led to the chiller 1 again as circulating gas b, and the flow rates of the two paths are respectively controlled by a second valve 13 and a first valve 12. Part of the water of the separator 6 flows through the water cooler 10 and returns to the water ring compressor 5, and finally the unavailable tail gas heat is fully transferred into the circulating water h and finally is taken out of the system through the water cooler 10.
The novel method and the device for treating and recycling the zinc smelting and the tail gas of the electric furnace can be applied to large-scale electric furnaces (5000 kW) or medium-and small-scale electric furnace devices (500-2500 kW).
Taking 500kW and 3000kW electric furnaces as examples, the comparison between the novel process and the traditional process is shown in Table 1:
the traditional process is to add zinc ore, reducing agent and additive into an electric furnace for heating, the electric furnace outputs zinc steam at 1050-1200 ℃, the zinc steam is condensed by a splash condenser to obtain crude zinc, the generated tail gas is flushed by a scrubber to further remove solid particles, and then the gas is directly discharged.
Table 1:
the above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. The method for treating and recycling the zinc smelting and tail gas in the electric furnace is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: the raw materials undergo zinc smelting reaction in an electric furnace, and the obtained reaction product enters a chiller to be mixed and chilled with circulating gas to obtain mixed gas containing zinc particles;
step 2: the mixed gas containing zinc particles generated in the step 1 enters a cyclone separator and is subjected to solid-gas separation under the action of cyclone to obtain zinc particles and first tail gas;
step 3: the first tail gas generated in the step 2 enters a bag-type dust remover, and zinc particles and second tail gas are obtained through filtration and separation;
step 4: the second tail gas generated in the step 3 enters a tail gas buffer tank, zinc particles and third tail gas are obtained after full standing and sedimentation, and the volume of the tail gas buffer tank can meet the buffer time of 10-15 minutes of the tail gas;
step 5: the third tail gas obtained in the step 4 enters a steam waste boiler system to obtain steam and fourth tail gas;
step 6: the fourth tail gas generated in the step 5 enters a water ring type compressor, and pressurized tail gas is obtained through pressurization;
step 7: and (3) the pressurized tail gas obtained in the step (6) enters a separator, fuel gas and zinc-containing sewage are obtained through gas-liquid separation, one part of the fuel gas is led to a fuel gas pipe network, and the other part of the fuel gas flows into a chiller as circulating gas.
2. The method for treating and recycling the zinc smelting and tail gas in the electric furnace according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and 3, switching to the other standby bag-type dust collectors to continue working when one bag-type dust collector stops working.
3. The method for treating and recycling the zinc smelting and tail gas in the electric furnace according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and 5, the steam waste boiler system is at least provided with 2 waste boilers, the waste boilers are communicated in sequence, the third tail gas obtained in the step 4 enters the steam waste boiler system, and meanwhile, the waste boilers are supplemented with water to obtain tail gas byproduct steam of different grades.
4. The method for treating and recycling the zinc smelting and tail gas in the electric furnace according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and 4, a manhole is arranged at the bottom of the tail gas buffer tank, and when the system stops working, zinc particles are drawn out from the manhole of the tail gas buffer tank.
5. An electric furnace zinc metallurgy and tail gas treatment recycling device used by the electric furnace zinc metallurgy and tail gas treatment recycling method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized in that: the device comprises an electric furnace, a chiller, a cyclone separator, a bag-type dust collector, a tail gas buffer tank, a steam waste boiler system, a water ring compressor and a separator which are sequentially communicated, and further comprises a fuel pipe network connecting pipeline, wherein the chiller and the fuel pipe network connecting pipeline are respectively communicated with the top of the separator;
a first valve is arranged on a connecting passage between the separator and the chiller, and a second valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the fuel pipe network;
the separator is communicated with the water supplementing pipeline;
the water cooler is respectively communicated with the water ring type compressor and the separator.
CN201910590354.9A 2019-07-02 2019-07-02 Method and device for zinc smelting in electric furnace and tail gas treatment and recycling Active CN110157923B (en)

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CN201910590354.9A CN110157923B (en) 2019-07-02 2019-07-02 Method and device for zinc smelting in electric furnace and tail gas treatment and recycling

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4200454A (en) * 1977-04-12 1980-04-29 Metallgesellschaft Ag Process for the volatilization of zinc and/or lead from metallurgical material
CN101492774A (en) * 2008-01-21 2009-07-29 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 Zinc metallurgy apparatus and process
CN102181663A (en) * 2011-04-27 2011-09-14 葫芦岛锌业股份有限公司 Method for producing zinc powder by treating zinc-containing miscellaneous material through electric furnace
CN106756096A (en) * 2016-12-01 2017-05-31 邓富洪 A kind of method of the waste gas recovery zinc powder that utilization electric furnace zinc smelting is produced
CN107475531A (en) * 2017-08-23 2017-12-15 邓富洪 A kind of system and method for reclaiming zinc powder
CN210314436U (en) * 2019-07-02 2020-04-14 中国天辰工程有限公司 Electric furnace zinc smelting and tail gas treatment and recycling device

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4200454A (en) * 1977-04-12 1980-04-29 Metallgesellschaft Ag Process for the volatilization of zinc and/or lead from metallurgical material
CN101492774A (en) * 2008-01-21 2009-07-29 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 Zinc metallurgy apparatus and process
CN102181663A (en) * 2011-04-27 2011-09-14 葫芦岛锌业股份有限公司 Method for producing zinc powder by treating zinc-containing miscellaneous material through electric furnace
CN106756096A (en) * 2016-12-01 2017-05-31 邓富洪 A kind of method of the waste gas recovery zinc powder that utilization electric furnace zinc smelting is produced
CN107475531A (en) * 2017-08-23 2017-12-15 邓富洪 A kind of system and method for reclaiming zinc powder
CN210314436U (en) * 2019-07-02 2020-04-14 中国天辰工程有限公司 Electric furnace zinc smelting and tail gas treatment and recycling device

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