CN110157920A - A kind of method of smelting of big specification pure nickel ingot casting - Google Patents

A kind of method of smelting of big specification pure nickel ingot casting Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110157920A
CN110157920A CN201910470798.9A CN201910470798A CN110157920A CN 110157920 A CN110157920 A CN 110157920A CN 201910470798 A CN201910470798 A CN 201910470798A CN 110157920 A CN110157920 A CN 110157920A
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China
Prior art keywords
nickel
pure nickel
ingot casting
smelting
finished product
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CN201910470798.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
丁五洲
杨哲
程伟
杨晗
杨永石
丁清华
杨晓荣
李冬梅
白红军
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BAOJI TITANIUM INDUSTRY Co Ltd
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BAOJI TITANIUM INDUSTRY Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201910470798.9A priority Critical patent/CN110157920A/en
Publication of CN110157920A publication Critical patent/CN110157920A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
    • C22B23/02—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by dry processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
    • C22B9/16—Remelting metals
    • C22B9/18—Electroslag remelting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/023—Alloys based on nickel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
    • C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of method of smelting of big specification pure nickel ingot casting: including: that raw material and additive for smelting are carried out ingredient by corresponding parts by weight, raw material includes electrolytic nickel and pure nickel reclaimed materials；Additive for smelting includes: graphite, titanium corner and nickel magnesium alloy；Vacuum induction melting is carried out to electrolytic nickel, pure nickel reclaimed materials and additive for smelting using vaccum sensitive stove, obtains the first semi-finished product pure nickel ingot casting；Sawing is carried out to the riser of the first semi-finished product pure nickel ingot casting, and is toasted in resistance furnace, the second semi-finished product pure nickel ingot casting is obtained；Electroslag melting is carried out to the second semi-finished product pure nickel ingot casting using electroslag melting slag charge, riser and bottom is cut away after cooling, obtains finished product pure nickel ingot casting；Electroslag melting slag charge includes: fluorite, aluminium oxide, calcium oxide and magnesia；Electroslag melting slag charge is subjected to ingredient by corresponding weight proportion；By this method of smelting, the problems such as intrinsic shrinkage cavity of other method of smelting is deep, the amount of stripping off the skin is big is efficiently solved, yield rate is improved.

Description

A kind of method of smelting of big specification pure nickel ingot casting
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal material technical field of smelting, and in particular to a kind of method of smelting of big specification pure nickel ingot casting.
Background technique
Pure nickel has the properties such as good plasticity, corrosion resistance and magnetic property, therefore be primarily used to aircraft, radar etc. Various military industrial manufacturing enterprises.There are the maximum pure nickel plate in the whole world, stick, silk and forging demand gap in China, and China's economic is quick in addition Development, for example big aircraft programs of some column heavy constructions of implementation, Chang'e's project, nuclear power developing plan, ocean engineering etc., these are all Huge demand is provided for Chinese nickel industry development.
The method of smelting of currently used pure nickel ingot casting it is more mature have vacuum induction melting, vacuum induction melting+vacuum Consumable remelting, vacuum induction melting is although at low cost, process is short, but its finished product shrinkage cavity is deep, substance is small, can not effectively go Except nonmetal inclusion, cause following process difficulty excessive, and yield rate is lower, and vacuum induction melting+vacuum consumable remelting compared with Better than process for vacuum induction smelting, its finished product ingot shape is big, and shrinkage cavity is shallow, but its finished product amount of stripping off the skin is big, yield rate is low, and It cannot be removed effectively nonmetal inclusion.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of meltings of big specification pure nickel ingot casting Method.The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of method of smelting of big specification pure nickel ingot casting, comprising:
Step 1: raw material and additive for smelting being subjected to ingredient by following weight parts, wherein the raw material includes electrolytic nickel With pure nickel reclaimed materials；The additive for smelting includes: graphite, titanium corner and nickel magnesium alloy；The parts by weight of the electrolytic nickel are as follows: 50~100；The parts by weight of the pure nickel reclaimed materials are as follows: 0~50；The parts by weight of the graphite are as follows: 0.01~0.10, the titanium side The parts by weight at angle are 0.02~0.10；The parts by weight of the nickel magnesium alloy are as follows: 0.03~0.10；
Step 2: the electrolytic nickel, the pure nickel reclaimed materials and the additive for smelting being carried out using vaccum sensitive stove Vacuum induction melting obtains semi-finished product pure nickel ingot casting；
Step 3: sawing being carried out to the riser of the first semi-finished product pure nickel ingot casting, and is toasted in resistance furnace, is obtained To the second semi-finished product pure nickel ingot casting；
Step 4: electroslag melting being carried out to the second semi-finished product pure nickel ingot casting using electroslag melting slag charge, is cut away after cooling Riser and bottom obtain the big specification pure nickel ingot casting；Wherein, the electroslag melting slag charge includes: fluorite, aluminium oxide, oxidation Calcium and magnesia；The weight proportion of the electroslag melting slag charge are as follows: fluorite: 50~70%；Aluminium oxide: 10~30%；Oxidation Calcium: 10~20%；Magnesia: 0~10%.
In one embodiment of the invention, step 2 includes:
Step 2.1: the electrolytic nickel being divided into first part and second part, by electrolytic nickel described in first part described Heated in vaccum sensitive stove, when be molten into electrolysis nickel solution after, sequentially added in the electrolysis nickel solution graphite, Electrolytic nickel described in the titanium corner, the pure nickel reclaimed materials and second part, starts to carry out heating melting, until the vacuum Material in induction furnace all melts, and obtains the first liquid metal；
Step 2.2: first liquid metal being refined, and is added into first liquid metal after refining The nickel magnesium alloy, and stirring melts the nickel magnesium alloy, obtains the second liquid metal；
Step 2.3: heating up to the vaccum sensitive stove, when temperature reaches 1520~1550 DEG C, to second liquid State metal is poured, and the first semi-finished product pure nickel ingot casting is obtained.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1, the method for smelting of the pure nickel ingot casting is easy to operate, chemical component is easy to control, and strong to adaptability to raw material, is conducive to Control manufacturing cost；
2, this method of smelting of the invention can effectively remove nonmetal inclusion and impurity member in pure nickel ingot casting The degree of purity of element, ingot casting is high；
3, the pure nickel ingot surface quality that this method of smelting of the invention obtains is good, without stripping off the skin, while obtained contracting Hole is minimum, efficiently solves the problems such as intrinsic shrinkage cavity of other method of smelting is deep, the amount of stripping off the skin is big, improves yield rate；
4, this method of smelting of the invention can effectively eliminate be mingled with, be loose, stomata, greatly improve thermoplasticity, And since column crystal exposure will not be made without stripping off the skin, so being not in the fission of ingot casting, splitting phenomenon end to end；
5, for this method of smelting of the invention pure nickel ingot casting produced during following process, surface quality is good, The amount of repairing a die is seldom, and phenomena such as inevitable peeling of other melting modes, hole also seldom occurs in the thin sheet surface of production, so Subsequent rolling can substantially be shortened the construction period using bigger deflection without exception.
The present invention is described in further details below with reference to accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of examining report of the method for smelting of pure nickel ingot casting provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Further detailed description is done to the present invention combined with specific embodiments below, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to This.
Embodiment 1
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of method of smelting of big specification pure nickel ingot casting, specifically includes the following steps:
Step: 1: raw material and additive for smelting are subjected to ingredient by following weight parts, wherein raw material includes electrolytic nickel and pure Nickel reclaimed materials；Additive for smelting includes: graphite, titanium corner and nickel magnesium alloy；The parts by weight of electrolytic nickel are as follows: 60；Pure nickel recycling The parts by weight of material are as follows: 40；The parts by weight of graphite are as follows: 0.01, the parts by weight of titanium corner are 0.02；The parts by weight of nickel magnesium alloy are as follows: 0.10。
Before carrying out ingredient, first raw material and additive for smelting are pre-processed respectively, wherein to electrolytic nickel surface Greasy dirt and dust handled, then the electrolytic nickel being disposed is sheared, wherein the length L of shearing≤ Electrolytic nickel after having sheared is put into spare in barrel by 200mm, width B≤100mm.
Pure nickel reclaimed materials includes cold corner, hot corner, plane milling bits, riser and water bucket remelting material etc., by pure nickel reclaimed materials Nonmetal inclusion, greasy dirt and the dust processing on surface completely, are put into spare in charging basket.
Graphite requires to be crushed to spherical powder, diameter of phi≤1.0mm, and is removed to the other impurities on its surface； Titanium corner requires thickness H≤3mm, width B≤30mm, length L≤60mm, and greasy dirt to titanium corner surfaces and oxide skin into Row removal；Nickel magnesium alloy is also crushed as requested, if being broken into cube, it is required that thickness H≤50mm, width B≤ 50mm, length L≤50mm, if being broken into sphere, it is required that diameter of phi≤50mm, and to the metal inclusion on nickel magnesium alloy surface into Row removal.
By the processing to above-mentioned these raw materials and additive for smelting, be conducive to the operation of subsequent vacuum induction melting into Row.
The proportion of raw material and additive for smelting specifically refers to table 1, according to the vaccum sensitive stove of different capabilities, obtain The specification of one semi-finished product ingot casting is not also identical, and the embodiment of the present invention uses 2T vaccum sensitive stove, obtains Φ 400~480 × L specification The first semi-finished product ingot casting, the adding proportion of this raw material and additive for smelting, which is conducive to obtain chemical component to comply with standard, to be wanted It asks, the semi-finished product pure nickel ingot casting that impurity content is low.
The different vaccum sensitive stove raw materials of table 1, ratio of adjuvant and semi-finished product specification
Step 2: it is molten that vacuum induction being carried out to electrolytic nickel, pure nickel reclaimed materials and additive for smelting using vaccum sensitive stove Refining, obtains the first semi-finished product pure nickel ingot casting.
Further, step 2 can with the following steps are included:
Step 2.1: crucible is placed in vaccum sensitive stove, and electrolytic nickel is divided into first part and second part, first by A part of electrolytic nickel is packed into crucible, after heating makes it be molten into electrolysis nickel solution, be sequentially loaded into electrolysis nickel solution graphite, Titanium corner and pure nickel reclaimed materials, are reloaded into second part electrolytic nickel；Then vaccum sensitive stove is vacuumized, works as vacuum degree Melting is started to warm up when≤5Pa, after all fusing and liquid level are clarified until all materials in crucible, obtains the first liquid gold Belong to.
It should be noted that according to the different type of furnaces according to different temperature increasing schedules slowly by the power of vaccum sensitive stove Optimum smelting power is risen to, is vaccum sensitive stove maximum power value by optimum smelting power setting in a specific embodiment 1/2~1/3.
Wherein, the content of first part's electrolytic nickel is the 10~20% of all electrolysis nickel contents, and second part electrolytic nickel is Remaining all electrolytic nickels, graphite, which is placed among first part's electrolytic nickel and second part electrolytic nickel, to be advantageous in that: stone Ink is good deoxidier, due to will cause solution boiling when graphite deoxidation, can be effectively removed simultaneously to nitrogen, hydrogen, by stone Ink is packed among electrolytic nickel, and deoxidation effect is best, has both avoided graphite and the direct contact damage crucible of crucible, has in turn avoided stone Ink is evacuated at the top and takes away, and deoxidation effect is caused to decline；
Titanium corner has good desulfurization effect, and can refine crystal grain, it is ensured that has when electrolytic nickel melts good Desulfurization effect；Certain pure nickel raw material can be extracted from pure nickel reclaimed materials, to reduce production cost；By using this Shove charge method can greatly improve shove charge melting efficiency.
It should be noted that in embodiments of the present invention, the ingredient of titanium corner is pure titanium, trade mark TA2.
Step 2.2: the first liquid metal being refined, the time of refining and the type of furnace of vaccum sensitive stove are related, and 2T is true The refining time of empty induction furnace is 40~60min, and specific refining time is bound with the vacuum values of vaccum sensitive stove, i.e., very Refining terminates when reciprocal of duty cycle is less than or equal to 5Pa；Nickel magnesium is added into crucible by the feeding port of vaccum sensitive stove after refining Alloy is simultaneously stirred, and is terminated stirring after nickel magnesium alloy is completely melt, is obtained the second liquid metal.
Step 2.3: heating up to vaccum sensitive stove, when temperature rises to 1520~1550 DEG C, utilize casting mold Second liquid metal solution is poured, comes out of the stove after then cooling down 20~40min, obtains the first semi-finished product pure nickel ingot casting.
It should be noted that the specification of semi-finished product set in the specification of casting mold and table 1 is identical, for different capabilities The corresponding semi-finished product specification of vaccum sensitive stove, select corresponding casting mold specification, and in the step, to vacuum degree, heating The setting of the parameters such as speed, refining and pouring temperature, be conducive to that production department's gas content is low, impurity content is low the first half at Product ingot casting.
Step 3: sawing being carried out to the riser of the first semi-finished product pure nickel ingot casting, and is toasted in resistance furnace, obtains the Two semi-finished product pure nickel ingot castings.
Sawing is carried out to the first semi-finished product pure nickel ingot riser first, sawing amount is using ingot casting riser lowest part as benchmark line, really The sawing face of guarantor is smooth so as to subsequent operation；Again with steel brush by graphite, nonmetallic folder existing for the first semi-finished product pure nickel ingot casting surface It is miscellaneous etc. clean out after, be put into baking in resistance furnace, obtain the second semi-finished product pure nickel ingot casting；Wherein, baking temperature be 100~ 300 DEG C, baking time t >=4h, the process eliminate influence product quality impurity, be conducive to subsequent electroslag melting it is smooth into Row.
Step 4: electroslag melting being carried out to the second semi-finished product pure nickel ingot casting using electroslag melting slag charge, cuts away riser after cooling And bottom, obtain finished product pure nickel ingot casting.
Electroslag melting is carried out to the second semi-finished product pure nickel ingot casting using electroslag refining furnace, it is pure according to the second different semi-finished product Size, the weight of nickel ingot casting, the electroslag refining furnace and crystallizer for selecting specification of different sizes, the diameter of consutrode and crystallization Device diameter ratio is between 0.5~0.8, and in the embodiment of the present invention, the specification of crystallizer is 550~570 × L of Φ, takes the crystallizer to be 550 × L of Φ, in the embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of consutrode is 440mm；The weldering of consutrode group uses argon arc welding, according to same One trade mark, same batch, same specification carry out a group weldering, and every consutrode is end to end, complete welding.
It should be noted that the consutrode is the second obtained semi-finished product pure nickel ingot casting.
It should be noted that since the second semi-finished product pure nickel ingot casting is to carry out the riser of the first semi-finished product pure nickel ingot casting Excision, and baking also will not influence the volume of ingot casting substantially, therefore, the diameter of the second semi-finished product pure nickel ingot casting and the first half at The diameter of product pure nickel ingot casting can consider identical.
Wherein, electroslag melting slag charge includes: fluorite, aluminium oxide, calcium oxide and magnesia；Electroslag melting slag charge weight is matched Than are as follows: fluorite: 65%, aluminium oxide: 10%, calcium oxide: 15%, magnesia: 10%, slag charge gross weight is consutrode total weight 3~5%, in embodiments of the present invention, slag charge gross weight is 125Kg.
Wherein, granularity requirements≤5 of fluorite~10mm, relevant chemical component detect execution standard YB/T5217；Oxygen Change granularity requirements≤0.5mm of aluminium, relevant chemical component detects execution standard YB/T274；The diameter of phi requirement of calcium oxide Between 10~20mm, related chemical constituents detect execution standard YB/T042；Magnesia is specially fused magnesite, related Chemical component detects execution standard YB/T5266.
Wherein, electroslag melting voltage is related with the diameter of crystallizer, its calculation formula is:
VMelting=0.5DKnot+ 20~45V
In formula, VMeltingFor electroslag melting voltage；DKnotFor crystallizer diameter；In this formula, DKnotUnit be cm.
Wherein, electroslag melting electric current is related with the diameter of consutrode, its calculation formula is:
IMelting=AFrom×(56/DFrom- 0.05)
In formula, IMeltingFor electroslag melting electric current；AFromFor the cross-sectional area of consutrode；In this formula, AFromUnit be mm2；DFrom Unit be mm.
In embodiments of the present invention, electroslag melting voltage is 60V, and electroslag melting electric current is 11743A.
The consutrode being welded is installed in crystallizer, according to above-mentioned technological parameter carry out slugging, slag making, remelting with And feeding, after ingot casting to be obtained is cooling, sawing is carried out to its riser and bottom, the defective position of finished product ingot casting surface is made Reconditioning is carried out with angle grinder；Finished product pure nickel ingot casting is obtained, and the head-tail of finished product pure nickel ingot casting is sampled, carries out chemical component survey Fixed, chemical component meets client or the next procedure that can be transferred to of relevant criterion requirement carries out following process.
Embodiment 2
The embodiment of the present invention carries out the melting of big specification pure nickel ingot casting by taking 2T vaccum sensitive stove and 3T electroslag refining furnace as an example Method explanation, specifically includes the following steps:
Step 1: raw material and additive for smelting are subjected to ingredient by following weight parts, wherein raw material includes electrolytic nickel and pure Nickel reclaimed materials；Additive for smelting includes: graphite, titanium corner and nickel magnesium alloy；The parts by weight of electrolytic nickel are as follows: 50；Pure nickel recycling The parts by weight of material are as follows: 50；The parts by weight of graphite are as follows: 0.015, the parts by weight of titanium corner are 0.10；The parts by weight of nickel magnesium alloy are as follows: 0.03。
Before carrying out ingredient, first raw material and additive for smelting are pre-processed respectively, wherein to electrolytic nickel surface Greasy dirt and dust handled, then the electrolytic nickel being disposed is sheared, wherein the length L of shearing≤ Electrolytic nickel after having sheared is put into spare in barrel by 200mm, width B≤100mm.
Pure nickel reclaimed materials includes cold corner, hot corner, plane milling bits, riser and water bucket remelting material etc., by pure nickel reclaimed materials Nonmetal inclusion, greasy dirt and the dust processing on surface completely, are put into spare in charging basket.
Wherein, graphite requires to be crushed to spherical powder, diameter of phi≤1.0mm, and carries out to the other impurities on its surface Removal；Titanium corner requires thickness H≤3mm, width B≤30mm, length L≤60mm, and to the greasy dirt and oxygen of titanium corner surfaces Change skin to be removed；Nickel magnesium alloy is also crushed as requested, if being broken into cube, it is required that thickness H≤50mm, width B≤50mm, length L≤50mm, if being broken into sphere, it is required that diameter of phi≤50mm, and to the metal clip on nickel magnesium alloy surface It is miscellaneous to be removed.
By the processing to above-mentioned these raw materials and additive for smelting, be conducive to the operation of subsequent vacuum induction melting into Row.
The proportion of raw material and additive for smelting specifically refers to table 2, and the adding proportion of this raw material and auxiliary material is conducive to It is met the requirements of the standard to chemical component, the semi-finished product pure nickel ingot casting that impurity content is low.
2 2T vaccum sensitive stove raw material of table, ratio of adjuvant and semi-finished product specification
Step 2: it is molten that vacuum induction being carried out to electrolytic nickel, pure nickel reclaimed materials and additive for smelting using vaccum sensitive stove Refining, obtains the first semi-finished product pure nickel ingot casting.
Further, step 2 can with the following steps are included:
Step 2.1: crucible is placed in vaccum sensitive stove, and electrolytic nickel is divided into first part and second part, first by A part of electrolytic nickel is packed into crucible, after heating makes it be molten into electrolysis nickel solution, be sequentially loaded into electrolysis nickel solution graphite, Titanium corner and pure nickel reclaimed materials, are reloaded into second part electrolytic nickel；Then vaccum sensitive stove is vacuumized, works as vacuum degree To start to warm up melting when 5Pa, the power of vaccum sensitive stove is risen to 400 according to the power transmission system of 100kw/30min~ 500kw obtains the first liquid metal after all fusing and liquid level are clarified until all materials in crucible.
Wherein, the content of first part's electrolytic nickel is the 10~20% of all electrolysis nickel contents, and second part electrolytic nickel is Remaining all electrolytic nickels, being arranged so that is advantageous in that: graphite is good deoxidier, molten due to will cause when graphite deoxidation Liquid boiling can simultaneously effectively remove nitrogen, hydrogen, graphite is packed among electrolytic nickel, deoxidation effect is best, both avoids Graphite and the direct contact damage crucible of crucible in turn avoid graphite and are evacuated at the top to take away, cause under deoxidation effect Drop；
Titanium corner has good desulfurization effect, and can refine crystal grain, it is ensured that has when electrolytic nickel melts good Desulfurization effect；Certain pure nickel raw material can be extracted from pure nickel reclaimed materials, to reduce production cost；By using this Shove charge method can greatly improve shove charge melting efficiency.
Step 2.2: the first liquid metal being refined, refining terminates after refining 60min；By true after refining Nickel magnesium alloy is added into crucible and is stirred for the feeding port of empty induction furnace, terminates to stir after nickel magnesium alloy is completely melt It mixes, obtains the second liquid metal.
Step 2.3: heating up to vaccum sensitive stove, when temperature rises to 1550 DEG C, using casting mold to second Liquid metal solution is poured, and is come out of the stove after then cooling down 30min, is obtained the first semi-finished product pure nickel ingot casting.
It should be noted that the specification of semi-finished product set in the specification of casting mold and table 2 is identical, and in the step, Setting to parameters such as vacuum degree, heating rate, refining and pouring temperatures, is conducive to that production department's gas content is low, impurity contains Measure the first low semi-finished product ingot casting.
Step 3: sawing being carried out to the riser of the first semi-finished product pure nickel ingot casting, and is toasted in resistance furnace, obtains the Two semi-finished product pure nickel ingot castings.
Sawing is carried out to the first semi-finished product pure nickel ingot riser first, sawing amount is using ingot casting riser lowest part as benchmark line, really The sawing face of guarantor is smooth so as to subsequent operation；Again with steel brush by graphite, nonmetallic folder existing for the first semi-finished product pure nickel ingot casting surface It is miscellaneous etc. clean out after, be put into baking in resistance furnace, obtain the second semi-finished product pure nickel ingot casting；Wherein, baking temperature is 200 DEG C, Baking time is 6h, which, which eliminates, influences the impurity that product only came, and is conducive to going on smoothly for subsequent electroslag melting.
Step 4: the second semi-finished product pure nickel ingot casting being subjected to electroslag melting, riser and bottom is cut away after cooling, is advised greatly Lattice pure nickel ingot casting.
Using electroslag refining furnace to the second semi-finished product pure nickel ingot casting carry out electroslag melting, using 3T electroslag refining furnace and Φ 570 × L crystallizer carries out electroslag melting, and consutrode diameter is 400mm, weight 3500kg, consutrode and crystallizer Diameter ratio be 0.70, consutrode group weldering use argon arc welding, carry out group according to the same trade mark, same batch, same specification Weldering, every consutrode is end to end, completes welding.
It should be noted that the consutrode is the second obtained semi-finished product pure nickel ingot casting.
It should be noted that since the second semi-finished product pure nickel ingot casting is to carry out the riser of the first semi-finished product pure nickel ingot casting Excision, and baking also will not influence the volume of ingot casting substantially, therefore, the diameter of the second semi-finished product pure nickel ingot casting and the first half at The diameter of product pure nickel ingot casting can consider identical.
Wherein, electroslag melting slag charge includes: fluorite, aluminium oxide, calcium oxide and magnesia；Electroslag melting slag charge weight is matched Than are as follows: fluorite: 70%, aluminium oxide: 15%, calcium oxide: 10%, magnesia: 5%, slag charge gross weight is 130kg.
Wherein, electroslag melting voltage is 60V, and electroslag melting electric current is 11304A.
Wherein, granularity requirements≤5 of fluorite~10mm, relevant chemical component detect execution standard YB/T5217；Oxygen Change granularity requirements≤0.5mm of aluminium, relevant chemical component detects execution standard YB/T274；The diameter of phi requirement of calcium oxide Between 10~20mm, related chemical constituents detect execution standard YB/T042；Magnesia is specially fused magnesite, related Chemical component detects execution standard YB/T5266.
The consutrode being welded is installed in crystallizer, according to above-mentioned technological parameter carry out slugging, slag making, remelting with And feeding, after ingot casting to be obtained is cooling, sawing is carried out to its riser and bottom, the defective position of finished product ingot casting surface is made Reconditioning is carried out with angle grinder；Obtain big specification pure nickel ingot casting, and the head-tail of big specification pure nickel ingot casting sampled, carry out chemistry at Divide measurement, chemical component meets client or the next procedure that can be transferred to of relevant criterion requirement carries out following process.
To the mechanical property of the chemical component of the big specification pure nickel ingot casting of production, brilliant picture, nonmetal inclusion and rolled plate It can be carried out detection, chemical component detection case is as shown in table 3:
The chemical component of the finished product pure nickel ingot casting of the different trades mark of table 3 detects table
Through Xibu Metal Material Co., Ltd.'s physical and chemical inspection center to the nonmetallic of obtained big specification pure nickel ingot casting Field trash is detected, by the testing result of Fig. 1 it is found that the grain size of pure nickel ingot casting is detected as 7.0 grades, nonmetallic folder detection Primary carbide meets 1 grade of a.
By detecting to this product physicochemical property, chemical component, nonmetal inclusion, grain size meet related mark Alignment request, especially nonmetal inclusion detected value belong to highest level in examination criteria, it was demonstrated that are obtained by this method big Nonmetal inclusion content is very low in specification pure nickel ingot casting.
In the description of the present invention, term " first ", " second " are used for description purposes only, and should not be understood as instruction or dark Show relative importance or implicitly indicates the quantity of indicated technical characteristic.The feature of " first ", " second " is defined as a result, It can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.In the description of the present invention, " several " are meant that two It is a or more than two, unless otherwise specifically defined.
The embodiment of the present invention by this method of smelting, can achieve it is following the utility model has the advantages that
1, this method of smelting of the invention can effectively remove nonmetal inclusion and impurity member in pure nickel ingot casting The degree of purity of element, ingot casting is high；
2, the pure nickel ingot surface quality that this method of smelting of the invention obtains is good, without stripping off the skin, while obtained contracting Hole is minimum, efficiently solves the problems such as intrinsic shrinkage cavity of other method of smelting is deep, the amount of stripping off the skin is big, improves yield rate；
3, this method of smelting of the invention can effectively eliminate be mingled with, be loose, stomata, greatly improve thermoplasticity, And since column crystal exposure will not be made without stripping off the skin, so being not in the fission of ingot casting, splitting phenomenon end to end；
4, for this method of smelting of the invention pure nickel ingot casting produced during following process, surface quality is good, The amount of repairing a die is seldom, and phenomena such as inevitable peeling of other melting modes, hole also seldom occurs in the thin sheet surface of production, so Subsequent rolling can substantially be shortened the construction period using bigger deflection without exception.
The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be said that Specific implementation of the invention is only limited to these instructions.For those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs, exist Under the premise of not departing from present inventive concept, a number of simple deductions or replacements can also be made, all shall be regarded as belonging to of the invention Protection scope.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of method of smelting of big specification pure nickel ingot casting characterized by comprising
Step 1: raw material and additive for smelting are subjected to ingredient by following weight parts, wherein the raw material includes electrolytic nickel and pure Nickel reclaimed materials；The additive for smelting includes: graphite, titanium corner and nickel magnesium alloy；The parts by weight of the electrolytic nickel are as follows: 50~ 100；The parts by weight of the pure nickel reclaimed materials are as follows: 0~50；The parts by weight of the graphite are as follows: 0.01~0.10, the titanium corner Parts by weight are 0.02~0.10；The parts by weight of the nickel magnesium alloy are as follows: 0.03~0.10；
Step 2: vacuum being carried out to the electrolytic nickel, the pure nickel reclaimed materials and the additive for smelting using vaccum sensitive stove Induction melting obtains the first semi-finished product pure nickel ingot casting；
Step 3: sawing being carried out to the riser of the first semi-finished product pure nickel ingot casting, and is toasted in resistance furnace, obtains the Two semi-finished product pure nickel ingot castings；
Step 4: electroslag melting being carried out to the second semi-finished product pure nickel ingot casting using electroslag melting slag charge, cuts away riser after cooling And bottom, obtain the big specification pure nickel ingot casting；Wherein, the electroslag melting slag charge include: fluorite, aluminium oxide, calcium oxide with And magnesia；The weight proportion of the electroslag melting slag charge are as follows: fluorite: 50~70%；Aluminium oxide: 10~30%；Calcium oxide: 10 ~20%；Magnesia: 0~10%.
2. the method for smelting of big specification pure nickel ingot casting according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step 2 includes:
Step 2.1: the electrolytic nickel being divided into first part and second part, by electrolytic nickel described in first part in the vacuum It is heated in induction furnace, after being molten into electrolysis nickel solution, the graphite, described is sequentially added in the electrolysis nickel solution Electrolytic nickel described in titanium corner, the pure nickel reclaimed materials and second part, starts to carry out heating melting, until the vacuum induction Material in furnace all melts, and obtains the first liquid metal；
Step 2.2: first liquid metal being refined, and into first liquid metal after refining described in addition Nickel magnesium alloy, and stirring melts the nickel magnesium alloy, obtains the second liquid metal；
Step 2.3: heating up to the vaccum sensitive stove, when temperature reaches 1520~1550 DEG C, to the second liquid gold Belong to material to be poured, obtains the first semi-finished product pure nickel ingot casting.
CN201910470798.9A 2019-05-31 2019-05-31 A kind of method of smelting of big specification pure nickel ingot casting Pending CN110157920A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113293317A (en) * 2021-05-08 2021-08-24 宝钛集团有限公司 Preparation method of pure nickel plate with high cold formability

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102839299A (en) * 2012-08-17 2012-12-26 宝鸡海吉钛镍有限公司 Preparation method for pure nickel hollow blank for extruding pipe billet
CN105200267A (en) * 2014-06-11 2015-12-30 丹阳市凯鑫合金材料有限公司 Pure nickel N6 for lithium battery rivets and production method thereof

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102839299A (en) * 2012-08-17 2012-12-26 宝鸡海吉钛镍有限公司 Preparation method for pure nickel hollow blank for extruding pipe billet
CN105200267A (en) * 2014-06-11 2015-12-30 丹阳市凯鑫合金材料有限公司 Pure nickel N6 for lithium battery rivets and production method thereof

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113293317A (en) * 2021-05-08 2021-08-24 宝钛集团有限公司 Preparation method of pure nickel plate with high cold formability

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