CN110157905B - Ion type rare earth ore partition liquid injection method based on resource reserves - Google Patents
Ion type rare earth ore partition liquid injection method based on resource reserves Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to optimization of an ore leaching agent liquid injection technology in the exploitation of ionic rare earth ores, in particular to a zonal liquid injection method of ionic rare earth ores based on resource reserves. The invention comprises the following steps: obtaining ore body data; calculating ore body resources in units; calculating unit consumption of the mineral leaching agent; calculating a resource quantity partition interval difference value; the units are combined into a liquid injection partition; and injecting liquid for six steps. The invention can change the current mining situation of 'extensive type' ore body and 'one pot end' excessive leaching which does not depend on the characteristics of the ore body area, and can also change the unscientific liquid injection mode of 'up and down firstly' and 'depending on the experience of workers' during liquid injection. The dynamic regulation and control of the usage amount of the mineral leaching agent can be carried out according to the amount of resources in different areas of the same ore body, so that the consumption of raw and auxiliary materials can be reduced, the leaching rate is improved (the leaching rate is improved by 4.21 percent in an embodiment), the usage amount of the mineral leaching agent can be controlled, the environmental pollution is reduced, and a reliable basis is provided for digital mines.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to optimization of an ore leaching agent liquid injection technology in the exploitation of ionic rare earth ores, in particular to a zonal liquid injection method of ionic rare earth ores based on resource reserves.
Background
The ionic rare earth ore is a precious mineral resource existing on clay minerals in an ion adsorption state. When the clay mineral with the rare earth ions adsorbed thereon meets the electrolyte solution, the rare earth ions can be exchanged by the ions with more active chemical properties in the electrolyte solution. This property of ionic rare earths has prompted the formation, development and advancement of their mineral leaching processes. The contradiction between the daily increase of rare earth demand and the daily decrease of resource reserves and the balanced development requirements of resource acquisition and environmental protection force the continuous development and progress of the ionic rare earth mining process.
The ionic rare earth ore is a strategic resource in China. In the past, its extensive, predatory mode of mining was undesirable and non-sustainable, and its extraction process had to be tightly centered around two important goals, high efficiency and greenness. At present, in-situ ore leaching and heap ore leaching of partial-pressure covered mines commonly used in ionic rare earth mines are carried out, and the implementation process of the ore leaching process is determined by experience. For example, the in-situ leaching and liquid injection steps are carried out according to the three-first principle of 'top-bottom-first', 'concentration-first-then-thin' and 'liquid-first-then-water', the dosage of the leaching agent cannot be adjusted according to the difference of resource reserves of the unit area of an ore body, the dosage of the leaching agent in the partial area of the whole ore body is excessive, and the ammonia nitrogen in the ore soil exceeds the standard; the use amount of the mineral leaching agent in partial areas is insufficient, so that the rare earth resources are not fully exploited, and the resource loss is caused. In order to improve the resource leaching rate, the injection amount of the mineral leaching agent is increased, so that the production cost is increased; on the other hand, the residual quantity of the mineral leaching agent is increased, and the environmental pollution is further aggravated. Therefore, further optimization research on the ion type rare earth leaching liquid injection process is needed, and an ion type rare earth leaching agent partition liquid injection optimization process is provided, so that the recovery of mine rare earth resources is improved, and the environmental pollution is reduced.
The current ionic rare earth mine leaching agent dosage is summarized by the word of 'unit consumption', namely the leaching agent dosage which needs to be consumed by leaching the rare earth in unit mass, so that the leaching agent dosage and the liquid injection time can be obtained only by knowing the resource reserves owned by the unit area of an ore body. The method provides a research direction for solving the problem of insufficient leaching and transitional leaching of the ionic rare earth ore and reasonably controlling the dosage of the leaching agent, namely the dosage of the leaching agent in the mining process is determined according to the actual condition of the resource reserves in the unit area of the ore body.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a partitioned liquid injection method of ionic rare earth ore based on resource reserves, which realizes the aims of optimizing liquid injection, improving leaching rate, reducing the usage of a leaching agent and reducing environmental pollution in the mining of the ionic rare earth ore.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a resource storage amount based ionic rare earth ore partition liquid injection method comprises the following steps:
step one, obtaining ore body data
Testing the topography and the landform of an ore body, carrying out prospecting on the ore body to obtain the coordinates and the grade distribution condition of a prospecting hole, calculating the average grade, and testing the saturation permeability coefficient K and the porosity ratio e of the ore body;
secondly, calculating ore body resources in units
The unit area is set as follows: 1m multiplied by 1m to 20m multiplied by 20m, dividing the mining area into a plurality of units, and respectively calculating the resource reserves and the actual coordinate values of the units;
step three, calculating the unit consumption beta of the mineral leaching agent
Preparing field ores into ore samples, carrying out a column leaching test, taking 5 ore samples of 10kg, preparing ore columns according to an ore body pore ratio e, preparing ore leaching agent solutions according to unit consumption beta of 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 respectively, then injecting liquid, continuously injecting top water after the ore leaching agents are injected, collecting a mother liquid every 50ml, testing the concentration of rare earth, calculating the leaching rate of five ore columns, and making a trend curve of the leaching rate and the unit consumption; selecting an engineering prediction leaching rate to obtain the unit consumption beta of the leaching agent under the condition of the leaching rate, wherein the unit consumption beta refers to the amount of the leaching agent required to be consumed by leaching the rare earth per unit mass;
step four, calculating the difference value of the resource reserve partition interval
Calculating the injection strength Q according to a formula (1) according to the saturated permeability coefficient K of an ore body, wherein a is a coefficient and takes a value of 0.2-0.8, and a resource reserve partition interval difference value delta M is calculated according to a formula (2), wherein C is the concentration of an ore leaching agent, beta is the unit consumption of the ore leaching agent, and S is the unit area;
Q＝a*K (1)
step five, combining the units into a liquid injection partition
With maximum resource reserve M in a unitmaxAs a starting point, dividing liquid injection partitions i to [ M ] by taking Delta M as a resource reserve partition interval difference valuemax-i*ΔM，Mmax-(i-1)*ΔM]Taking natural numbers of 1, 2, 3 and … as the partition number, and combining all units into liquid injection partitions according to resource reserves;
step six, injecting liquid
And (4) according to the liquid injection subareas divided in the step five, sequentially opening liquid injection holes of all areas for liquid injection according to unit consumption of the mineral leaching agent, solution concentration of the mineral leaching agent and liquid injection strength, and injecting top water after the mineral leaching agent is injected, wherein the liquid injection is stopped until the concentration of the rare earth in the mother liquor reaches the value of no recovery.
The concentration of the mineral leaching agent solution is 10 g/L-30 g/L.
The pH of the top water is 4.5-5.
The predicted leaching rate of the engineering is 85-95%.
The concentration of rare earth without recovery value in the mother liquor is less than or equal to 0.1 g/L.
The invention can change the current mining situation of 'extensive type' ore body and 'one pot end' excessive leaching which does not depend on the characteristics of the ore body area, and can also change the unscientific liquid injection mode of 'up and down firstly' and 'depending on the experience of workers' during liquid injection. The dynamic regulation and control of the usage amount of the mineral leaching agent can be carried out according to the amount of resources in different areas of the same ore body, so that the consumption of raw and auxiliary materials can be reduced, the leaching rate is improved (the leaching rate is improved by 4.21 percent in an embodiment), the usage amount of the mineral leaching agent can be controlled, the environmental pollution is reduced, and a reliable basis is provided for digital mines.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a contour diagram of No. IV ore body in a certain rare earth mining area in the embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the unit consumption of the leaching agent and the leaching rate in the column leaching test in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
On the premise that places with large resource reserves need more usage amount of the mineral leaching agent, and places with small resource reserves can add less mineral leaching agent, the unit consumption of the mineral leaching agent is obtained according to laboratory tests, and the resource reserves which can be processed in unit time are determined by combining the concentration of the mineral leaching agent, the liquid injection strength of ore bodies and the like, and are used as resource reserve partition interval difference values; according to the raw ore prospecting result, an ore body is divided into a plurality of units, the units with similar resource reserves are combined into a plurality of liquid injection partitions by taking the difference value of resource reserve partition intervals as the basis, simultaneous liquid injection is realized for the same liquid injection partition, and liquid injection is sequentially performed for different liquid injection partitions according to the resource reserves, so that the aims of optimizing liquid injection for mining the ionic rare earth ore, improving the leaching rate and reducing the usage amount of a leaching agent and environmental pollution are fulfilled.
The invention is applied to carry out undisclosed experiments in a certain rare earth mining area, and the specific implementation steps are as follows:
step one, obtaining ore body data
As shown in figure 1, the topographic topography of the No. IV ore body is tested to obtain the topographic contour line of the ore body, areas numbered as Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4, Y5, Y6, Y7 and Y8 in figure 1 are subjected to prospecting to obtain the coordinate and grade distribution condition, the average grade of the rare earth is calculated to be 0.041%, the saturation permeability of the ore body is measured to be 0.5m/d, and the void ratio of the ore body is measured to be 0.79.
Secondly, calculating ore body resources in units
The ore body is divided into units according to 6m multiplied by 6m, and the resource reserves and the actual coordinate values of each unit are respectively calculated, which is shown in an attached table 1.
Step three, calculating unit consumption of ore leaching agent
Taking ore on site to prepare an ore sample with 0.041% of raw ore grade, carrying out a column leaching test, taking 5 ore samples of 10kg, preparing ore columns according to a porosity ratio of 0.79, preparing 0.82L, 1.23L, 1.64L, 2.05L and 2.46L of 20g/L of an ammonium sulfate solution of a leaching agent according to unit consumption (mass ratio of ammonium sulfate to rare earth) of 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 respectively, carrying out liquid injection, continuously injecting top water with pH of 5 after the completion of the injection of the leaching agent, collecting a mother liquid every 50ml, testing the concentration of the rare earth, calculating leaching rates of five ore columns to be respectively 50.16%, 75.02%, 86.07%, 90.78% and 92.13%, and making a trend curve of leaching rate and unit consumption, which is shown in figure 2. The estimated leaching rate of the selected project is 85%, and the unit consumption of the leaching agent under the condition of obtaining the leaching rate is 8.
Step four, calculating the difference value of the resource reserve partition interval
According to the formula (1), the saturation permeability coefficient K of an ore body is 0.5m/d, a is 0.4, the injection strength Q is 0.2m/d, the injection concentration C of an ammonium sulfate solution as an ore leaching agent is 20g/L, the unit consumption beta of the ammonium sulfate solution as the ore leaching agent is 8g/g, and the unit area S is 36m2And the resource storage partition interval difference value delta M is calculated according to the formula (2) and is 18 kg/block.
Step five, combining the units into a liquid injection partition
With the unit number 49 as the starting point, the resource reserve at this time is 258.2 kg/block, the priming partition is divided by the resource reserve partition interval difference of 18 kg/block, and the units are combined into each priming partition, and the results are shown in attached table 2.
Step six, injecting liquid
According to the area divided by the fifth step, according to the unit consumption of the ammonium sulfate solution as the mineral leaching agent of 8, the concentration of the ammonium sulfate solution of 20g/L and the injection strength of 0.2m/d, newly opening an injection hole for injection, after the injection of the ammonium sulfate solution as the mineral leaching agent is finished, injecting top water with the pH value of 5, and stopping the injection until the concentration of the rare earth in the mother liquor reaches 0.1 g/L. And counting the concentration of the mother liquor to obtain the leaching rate of the IV ore body of 89.45%.
And (3) comparing the results: the No. III ore body in the same mining area adopts the prior art, and the liquid injection is carried out sequentially from top to bottom according to the unit consumption of the ammonium sulfate solution as an ore leaching agent of 8 percent, the concentration of the ammonium sulfate of 20g/L and the liquid injection strength of 0.2m/d, and the leaching rate of the No. III ore body is counted to be 85.24 percent. The IV ore body is injected according to the invention, the leaching rate of the IV ore body is 89.45% through statistics, and the leaching rate is improved by 4.21% compared with the prior art under the condition that the unit consumption of the leaching agent is the same.
Attached table 1: IV ore body resource unit distribution condition table, X is longitude and Y is latitude
Attached table 2: IV ore body partition condition table
Claims (5)
1. An ion type rare earth ore partition liquid injection method based on resource reserves is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, obtaining ore body data
Testing the topography and the landform of an ore body, carrying out prospecting on the ore body to obtain the coordinates and the grade distribution condition of a prospecting hole, calculating the average grade, and testing the saturation permeability coefficient K and the porosity ratio e of the ore body;
secondly, calculating ore body resources in units
The unit area is set as follows: 1m multiplied by 1m to 20m multiplied by 20m, dividing the mining area into a plurality of units, and respectively calculating the resource reserves and the actual coordinate values of the units;
step three, calculating the unit consumption beta of the mineral leaching agent
Preparing field ores into ore samples, carrying out a column leaching test, taking 5 ore samples of 10kg, preparing ore columns according to an ore body pore ratio e, preparing ore leaching agent solutions according to unit consumption beta of 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 respectively, then injecting liquid, continuously injecting top water after the ore leaching agents are injected, collecting a mother liquid every 50ml, testing the concentration of rare earth, calculating the leaching rate of five ore columns, and making a trend curve of the leaching rate and the unit consumption; selecting an engineering prediction leaching rate to obtain the unit consumption beta of the leaching agent under the condition of the leaching rate, wherein the unit consumption beta refers to the amount of the leaching agent required to be consumed by leaching the rare earth per unit mass;
step four, calculating the difference value of the resource reserve partition interval
Calculating the injection strength Q according to a formula (1) according to the saturated permeability coefficient K of an ore body, wherein a is a coefficient and takes a value of 0.2-0.8, and a resource reserve partition interval difference value delta M is calculated according to a formula (2), wherein C is the concentration of an ore leaching agent, beta is the unit consumption of the ore leaching agent, and S is the unit area;
Q＝a*K (1)
step five, combining the units into a liquid injection partition
With maximum resource reserve M in a unitmaxAs a starting point, dividing liquid injection partitions i to [ M ] by taking Delta M as a resource reserve partition interval difference valuemax-i*ΔM，Mmax-(i-1)*ΔM]Taking natural numbers of 1, 2, 3 and … as the partition number, and combining all units into liquid injection partitions according to resource reserves;
step six, injecting liquid
And (4) according to the liquid injection subareas divided in the step five, sequentially opening liquid injection holes of all areas for liquid injection according to unit consumption of the mineral leaching agent, solution concentration of the mineral leaching agent and liquid injection strength, and injecting top water after the mineral leaching agent is injected, wherein the liquid injection is stopped until the concentration of the rare earth in the mother liquor reaches the value of no recovery.
2. The method for zonal injection of ionic rare earth ore according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the concentration of the mineral leaching agent solution is 10 g/L-30 g/L.
3. The method for zonal injection of ionic rare earth ore according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the pH of the top water is 4.5-5.
4. The method for zonal injection of ionic rare earth ore according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the predicted leaching rate of the engineering is 85-95%.
5. The method for zonal injection of ionic rare earth ore according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the concentration of rare earth without recovery value in the mother liquor is less than or equal to 0.1 g/L.
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