CN110155339B

CN110155339B - Fastening system for fastening a component at a track in a vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN110155339B
Application number: CN201910117462.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赫尔曼·本廷; 里克·巴森; 亚历山大·霍恩; 克里斯蒂娜·伊费; 马文·布鲁恩
Original assignee: Airbus Operations GmbH
Current assignee: Airbus Operations GmbH
Priority date: 2018-02-16
Filing date: 2019-02-15
Publication date: 2023-05-23
Anticipated expiration: 2039-02-15
Also published as: DE102018103514A1; US11187256B2; CN110155339A; US20190257331A1

Abstract

A fastening system for fastening a component at a track in a vehicle has: a support element having a support surface, an opening and a first radial toothing, which is arranged in an interior space connected to the opening and which is delimited on two mutually opposite radial sections in the interior space; and an elongated anchor element having a longitudinal axis, a first end, a second end disposed opposite the first end along the longitudinal axis, and a second radial tooth constrained to two mutually opposite radial segments. The opening of the support element and the first radial toothing correspond to an anchor element configuration such that the anchor element can be introduced into the opening without resistance about the longitudinal axis in the first rotational position and an engagement is produced between the first radial toothing and the second radial toothing in the second rotational position. At the first end of the anchoring element at least one form-fitting means is arranged which can be introduced into the opening profile of the rail in order to produce and release a form-fitting connection with the undercut of the rail.

Description

Fastening system for fastening a component at a track in a vehicle

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a fastening system for fastening an assembly at a track in a vehicle, a vehicle cabin having at least one track and at least one assembly part fastened at the track by means of such a fastening system, a vehicle having such a vehicle cabin and a method for fastening an assembly part at a track in a vehicle.

Technical Field

Many components are typically present in a vehicle, such as a passenger aircraft. In addition to passenger seats, these components may also include compartments as a grid (monument) or hybrid modular construction in the form of a toilet, a galley, a storage compartment. In general, the structure of the vehicle body is equipped with a plurality of holders, which can carry or fix the respective compartments. In addition to the use of holders arranged at the sides of the fuselage structure, holders are also known which can be connected to rails arranged in the floor.

DE 10 2009 028 533 A1 and DE 10 2009 028 534 A1 show fastening systems for guiding and releasable fastening modules at guiding rails in an aircraft.

Disclosure of Invention

It may be advantageous to achieve a simplified and flexible mounting of the assembly components within the carrier, which still results in at least as good force conduction between the carrier structure and the assembly components as in conventional methods and devices.

The object of the present invention is therefore to create a fastening system for fastening a component at a track in a vehicle, which can be implemented as quickly, precisely and conveniently as possible.

This object is achieved by a fastening system having the features of the present invention. Preferred embodiments and embodiments can be seen from the following description.

A fastening system for fastening a component at a track in a vehicle is proposed, the fastening system having: a support element having a support surface, an opening, and a first radial tooth arranged in an interior space connected to the opening and bounded on two mutually opposite radial segments in the interior space; and an elongated anchor element having a longitudinal axis, a first end, a second end arranged opposite the first end along the longitudinal axis, and a second radial tooth constrained on two mutually opposite radial segments, wherein the opening of the support element and the first radial tooth correspond to the anchor element configuration such that the anchor element can be introduced into the opening without resistance about the longitudinal axis in a first rotational position and an engagement is produced between the first radial tooth and the second radial tooth in a second rotational position, and wherein at least one form-fitting means is arranged at the first end of the anchor element, which form-fitting means can be introduced into the opening profile of the rail in order to produce and release a form-fitting connection with the undercut of the rail.

The fastening system of the invention thus essentially has two co-acting elements. The elongate anchor element can be easily inserted into the support element and connected thereto by rotation about its longitudinal axis. As will be explained in further detail below, the support element may be fully variably coupled to the anchor element along the longitudinal axis. At the same time, the anchoring element can be connected to the rail in a form-fitting manner by means of form-fitting means, as desired. The support element can be arranged to be connected simultaneously with the assembly part to be fixed and for abutment against the upper side of the rail concerned. The fastening of the assembly parts to the rail can be produced very flexibly and simply by the design of the invention without the need to arrange fixing pre-set fastening points at itself.

The support element is arranged to be placed on the upper side of the rail concerned. By this placement, forces directed towards the track can be introduced into the track. If the rail is arranged, for example, in the floor of the cabin, forces running in the vertical direction can be introduced by this placement. These forces may be in particular gravitational or inertial forces. If a substantially horizontally running rail is provided at the wall structure or the like, even horizontal forces can thus be received by the support element depending on the exact position.

The anchoring element is understood to be a pin, a bolt, a rod or a plate-like object having an elongated shape, which has teeth only at two mutually opposite sections of the profile cross section. The toothed sections run parallel to the longitudinal axis of the anchor element and are arranged at the radially outer edge of the profile cross section.

The profile cross section is understood in this sense as a surface running perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the anchoring element. The cross section of the anchoring element may in particular be based on a circular shape which is flattened on two mutually opposite sides, i.e. has two flattened side walls. The circumferential region of the profile cross section lying between the side walls can have a second toothing, whereas the two described side walls do not have a toothing. The two radial teeth are designed in the form of grooves which may look approximately like threads, but preferably do not have a thread pitch here.

The opening, the first radial toothing and the second radial toothing are designed such that the anchoring element can be introduced into the opening or into the interior space of the supporting element in a certain rotational position about its longitudinal axis. This first rotational position may be referred to as an insertion position. The toothed sections of the inner space and the anchoring element are staggered with respect to each other in this insertion position and the second radial teeth are moved past the non-toothed sections of the inner space when inserted. The second radial tooth is engaged with the first radial tooth only by subsequently rotating the anchoring element about its longitudinal axis.

By arranging the form-fitting means at the anchor element, a loadable connection between the anchor element and the rail is additionally selectively created. In producing the form fit, at least one form feature, which may in particular comprise an undercut of the rail, is gripped lingually by the support element and the form fit means. By means of this form fit, it is possible to avoid: the anchoring element may be detached from the rail from a cavity of the rail defined on at least one side by the undercut. And is additionally locked in the opposite direction by the support element. The form-fitting means allow flexible coupling to the rail in question, since no fixed fastening points have to be provided to which the assembly part is to be fastened. Instead it is sufficient to position the assembly at the rail and then flexibly fix it (and in the grid of the rail where appropriate).

By means of these radial teeth, it is additionally possible to variably position the support element and the anchoring element relative to one another along the longitudinal axis. The engagement of the teeth in this position is achieved by positioning the assembly parts and simply rotating the two parts relative to each other and providing a durable connection independent of the actual position. It is thus possible not only to take account of the wall sections of different thickness or other features of the assembly components involved, but also to compensate very simply for tolerances occurring during manufacture or installation.

In summary, a very flexible and loadable system is created by the fastening system of the invention in order to fasten the assembled parts at the track without providing rigid fastening points.

In this connection, it is furthermore noted that the track may in particular be embodied as a floor track. Such a floor Rail may correspond to, for example, the "Douglas Rail" which is common in aircraft construction, which has an elongate extension and is generally composed of a flat, band-shaped base on which two cantilevers which are spaced apart from one another and are separated from one another by a slot lie, which cantilevers enclose a flat cavity with the base. The slots are additionally traversed by grid openings distributed along the floor rail at a predetermined distance from each other (typically 1 inch), which extend through the cantilever arms. Grille openings are commonly used to: the mushroom-shaped locking element of the holding means arranged on the cantilever arm is introduced into the cavity, offset between two mutually adjacent grid openings into a smaller locally spaced tapering region with the two cantilever arms and then clamped by the force action with the cantilever arms. The floor rail is mechanically connected with the carrying structure of the transport means such that loads can be introduced from the floor rail into the structure of the transport means. The protrusions may match said grating and said grating openings of the floor rail, where they should be fastened.

The fastening system preferably also has fixing means in order to fix the relative position between the anchoring element and the support element. The securing means may be used in particular to prevent rotation of the anchoring element. This can be achieved by a number of different devices allowing the anchoring element to be fixed at the structurally fixed part or at the supporting element. The structurally fixed part may be, for example, the bottom or wall of the assembly, a compartment receiving the assembly or the rail itself. The fastening means may be embodied in particular by a securing pin, cotter pin, snap-in element or the like.

In an advantageous embodiment, the support element has a support surface at which at least one projection is arranged, which projection is formed to form a positive fit with the opening contour of the rail. By means of a form fit, the position of the support element at the track is fixed in at least one dimension. In particular in the case of the floor rail described above, it can be provided that the projections are correspondingly designed with circular grid openings, so that the support elements are prevented from being offset in two dimensions. The holding of the support element can be reliably prevented here independently of the actual clamping force present.

It is particularly preferred that two projections are arranged at mutually opposite sides of the support surface, which projections are formed to engage with two mutually spaced apart grid openings in the opening profile of the rail. In particular for the case of floor rails with grid openings spaced apart from one another, it can be proposed to use two symmetrically arranged projections in order to avoid clamping. Such a projection may be between circular or have at least circular sections for flush engagement into the grille opening. If the two protrusions are inserted into the grid openings of the rail, the support surface is located in the middle between the protrusions and can introduce forces into the rail centrally and symmetrically with respect to the protrusions.

The support element may have an annular sleeve in which the opening is arranged. Such an embodiment of the support element with an annular sleeve allows a very simple integration of the support element at or into the assembly part to be fastened. For example, such annular sleeves may be inserted into correspondingly shaped openings in the wall or bottom surfaces of the assembled components. It can also be provided that the annular sleeve is provided with an external thread and that the external thread is screwed into an opening with a corresponding internal thread in the wall or bottom surface of the assembly part. Optionally, the annular sleeve may have an extension along the longitudinal axis that allows for additional threading of the mating nut. In addition, the manufacture of such components is relatively simple and the size of the support surface may be selected depending on the size of the annular sleeve.

The form-fitting means may also have two engagement elements arranged opposite each other, which follow the second tooth along the longitudinal axis of the anchoring element. The joining element may be embodied as a foot or a cone with rounded corners, for example. It will be appreciated that the engagement elements correspond to the design of the cavities of the rail, thereby creating a form fit there. The engagement element is sized so that it can be inserted into the cavity of the rail through the open contour of the rail. If again based on the floor rail shown above, it is possible that the engagement element is inserted into its cavity through the central slot of the floor rail. The shape of the form-fitting means formed by the two engagement elements can thus be designed to be essentially elongate. The engagement element preferably lies in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. The two engagement elements are offset from each other by 180 ° in the plane. The width of the engagement element should be slightly smaller than the width of the central slit. The overall length of the form-fitting device should furthermore be slightly smaller than the width of the cavity of the rail. By rotating the anchoring element, in particular by 90 °, the engagement element is rotated from an orientation parallel to the longitudinal extension of the rail or the central slit located therein to an orientation transverse to the central slit or the total extension. The joining element should furthermore be shaped such that, in the rotated orientation, the contour of the hollow space of the rail, which contour is formed perpendicular to the longitudinal extension, is filled as far as possible. In combination with the support element, the tongue thus engages the shape feature of the rail from the surroundings.

The maximum radial extension of the positive-locking means preferably corresponds at most to the maximum radial extension of the second radial toothing. It is thereby easily possible for the anchor element to be moved through the support element into the track with the assembled component already positioned.

At the second end of the anchor element means for guiding rotation of the anchor element around its longitudinal axis may be arranged. This may be in particular a tool receiving profile. The rotation of the anchoring element can thereby be performed without the means necessary for this being permanently arranged at the anchoring element. In particular, slots, quadrilateral profiles, hexagonal profiles and the like can be provided as projections or recesses.

The anchoring element may have a profile cross section which is based on a circle and has two flattened side walls arranged opposite to each other, wherein the second toothing is arranged on the circumferential side only at the region between the flattened side walls. The anchoring element may thus generally have a flat shape, wherein teeth are arranged at the longitudinal edges, the circumferential profile of which teeth lies on a circular track. The thickness of the anchoring element and thus the thickness of the second radial tooth may be adapted to the expected load.

The fastening means may be a rod which is connected to the anchoring element in a pivotable manner about an axis, the rod having a connecting element at the end facing away from the anchoring element, the connecting element being intended to be connected to the assembly part or to a structural fastening point. The rod can then even be used to rotate the anchoring element in such a way that the anchoring element grips and moves with the said opposite end around the longitudinal axis of the anchoring element. The second rotational position may be occupied and held by moving the connecting element to the provided connection point.

As an alternative, the fixing device may also have an elongate body which can be inserted into the opening of the support element when the anchor element is in the second rotational position. Rotation safety can thus be achieved very simply and efficiently.

A substantially cylindrical, non-toothed section may be arranged between the positive-locking means and the second radial toothing. The second radial toothing acts according to the above on elements arranged outside the cavity of the track. It should furthermore be possible to rotate the anchoring element around its longitudinal axis without hindrance. It is therefore proposed that, in order to simplify the handling and tensioning of the anchoring element, a columnar region is provided which serves as a connection between the toothed portion of the anchoring element and the form-fitting means.

The invention also relates to a vehicle cabin having at least one rail and at least one assembly part fastened at the at least one rail by means of the fastening system explained above.

The rail may be a floor rail which is integrated in the cabin floor and has an opening contour pointing into the cabin.

The invention furthermore relates to a vehicle having a vehicle cabin with the above-mentioned features.

The vehicle is preferably an aircraft. The assembly can be implemented, for example, in the form of a square lattice.

Finally, the invention relates to a method for mounting a component at a fuselage structure in a vehicle, said method having the following steps: providing the assembly part, positioning the assembly part on or at a track in a compartment of the vehicle, arranging a support element at the assembly part, inserting an anchor element into the track through the support element, and rotating the anchor element by 90 °.

The support element may additionally be arranged before positioning the assembly.

Drawings

Other features, advantages and application possibilities of the invention emerge from the following description of the embodiments and the figures. All of the described and/or illustrated features themselves and in any combination form the subject matter of the present invention, irrespective of their relation in separate embodiments or in the embodiments to which they refer. In the drawings, the same reference numerals have been used to designate the same or similar objects.

Fig. 1 shows a three-dimensional illustration of the fastening system of the present invention.

Fig. 2 shows the anchoring element in a side view.

Fig. 3 shows a top view of the support element.

Fig. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of the support element.

Fig. 5 shows the insertion of the fastening system into the component to be fastened and the floor rail.

Fig. 6 shows the locking of the fastening system in a sectional view.

Fig. 7 shows in cross-section the locking fastening system at a different track position compared to fig. 6.

Fig. 8 shows an aircraft with a cabin having a floor rail and assembly components fastened thereto.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 shows a three-dimensional illustration of a fastening system 2. The fastening system 2 essentially consists of an anchor element 4 and a support element 6. The general form of the anchoring element 4 can be seen particularly well in fig. 1, which has a longitudinal axis 8, a first toothed section 10 and a second toothed section 12, which are arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis 8 and spaced apart from the longitudinal axis in mutually opposite regions of the anchoring element 4.

At the first end 14, a form-fitting means 16 is arranged, which has two engagement means 18 arranged opposite to each other in a symmetrical shape. The position of the engagement means in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 8 corresponds to the position of the

toothed regions

10 and 12. At a second end 20 arranged opposite the first end 14, means 22 are arranged for introducing a rotation of the anchoring element 4 in the form of a tool receiving profile. The tool receiving profile may be, for example, a hexagonal profile. In the illustration, the hexagonal profile is embodied as a protrusion. However, it is also conceivable to implement recesses having such or similar contours.

The support element 6 is defined in particular by an annular sleeve 24 having an opening 37 through which the anchoring element 4 extends. The exact design of the annular sleeve 24 will be explained in more detail in the figures that follow. As can be seen in fig. 1, two projections 26 are arranged on one side of the annular sleeve 24, which projections can engage with grid openings of a rail, which is shown further below. At the side of the annular sleeve 24 facing the projection 26, a support surface 28 is provided, by means of which the support element 6 is placed on the rail in question.

Fig. 2 shows the anchoring element 4 in a side view. The two

toothed segments

10 and 12 can be distinguished particularly well in this case. The two

toothed segments

10 and 12 have the second radial teeth 30 described below and mentioned above. Characterized in that the radial teeth have a groove-like structure like a thread, which has individual threads or grooves but does not have a pitch along the longitudinal axis 8. Theoretically, the profile cross section of the anchoring element 4 is based on a circular shape, wherein a flattened side wall 32 is provided, which does not contain the second radial teeth 30.

It can be seen that the form-fitting means 16 are here in the form of two engagement elements 18, which are embodied as legs offset by 180 ° about the longitudinal axis 8 of the anchoring element 4. Between the form-fitting means 16 and the

toothed segments

10 and 12, there is provided a substantially cylindrical segment 32, which forms the connection between the regions mentioned. The anchoring element 4 is preferably embodied in one piece and is made in particular of a metallic material.

Fig. 3 shows a top view of the support element 6. The annular sleeve 24 is shown here with a first radial toothing 36 located at two mutually opposite regions of the inner space 38 of the support element 6 adjoining the opening 37. Between these two areas of the first radial toothing, there is an assembly formed by two mutually

opposite interspaces

40 and 42, which enables the passage of the anchoring element 4 without resistance. The anchoring element 4 is thus inserted through the annular sleeve 24, wherein the second radial teeth 30 of the

toothed segments

10 and 12 engage with the first radial teeth 36 of the annular sleeve 24 after rotation by 90 ° about the longitudinal axis 8 of the anchoring element 4. Due to the grooves of the first tooth 36 and the second tooth 30 which are arranged parallel to one another, a movement along the longitudinal axis 8 is no longer possible in this second rotational position.

For illustration, a cross-sectional illustration of the support element 6 and the first tooth 36 located therein is shown in fig. 4.

Fig. 5 shows the application of the fastening system 2 and the actual flow. A seat track 44 is shown having an upper flange 46, a lower flange 48 and a tab 50 therebetween. On the upper side of the upper flange 46 is arranged a seat rail profile with a cantilever arm 52 which encloses a cavity 54 with the upper flange 46. A possible opening profile 56 is shown in a reduced detail view a. This opening profile has a plurality of grille openings 58 which are traversed by a central slit 60. Such a track 44, also known as a "douglas track", can be found in aircraft cabins common today.

The anchor element 4 can be inserted into the cavity 54 of the seat rail 44 by means of a support element 6, for example, which is arranged in the bottom surface 62 of the assembly part. The orientation of the anchoring element 4 or the form-fitting means 16 matches the central slit 60 when inserted. Furthermore, the orientation of the support element 6 is oriented in the same way, so that the projections 26 are inserted into two mutually spaced-apart grid openings 58 of the seat rail 44. If the support element 6 is thus correspondingly positioned on the seat rail 44 and the projection 26 snaps into the grid opening 58, the anchor element 4 can be introduced into the cavity 54 of the seat rail 44 by a factor of 6 by way of the support element, in order to be subsequently rotated. For this purpose, the device 5 is arranged at the anchoring element 4. The device is embodied by way of example as a ribbed knob (geriffelter Knauf). Of course, other fixed or removable variants are also contemplated.

Furthermore, a fastening device 64 is shown in detail view B, which is arranged at the anchor element 4 and has a rod 66 and a connecting element 68 in the form of a snap element. The rod 66 can be arranged in an articulated manner at the anchoring element 4 such that the connecting element 68 can be displaced perpendicularly to the bottom surface 62 at least to a known extent. The connecting element 68 can be snapped into a corresponding opening 70 of the bottom surface 62 with the anchor element 4 rotated. Rotation of the anchoring element about its vertical longitudinal axis 8 can thereby be precluded. Furthermore, the second rotational position can be positioned very simply by moving the lever 66 and subsequently inserting the connecting element 68.

This is shown in particular in fig. 6. The connecting element 68 has been inserted into the opening 70. Furthermore, the engagement elements of the form-fitting device 16 fill the cavity 54 such that the anchoring elements can no longer be disengaged from the rails 44. In this position, the first tooth 36 and the second tooth 30 are also engaged with each other, thereby maintaining the set position of the support element 6.

Fig. 7 shows a cross-sectional view as in fig. 6, but in another position of the track 44. Here, the projections 26 can be seen, which form-fit with the rails 44.

Fig. 8 finally shows a transport vehicle (72) equipped with a cabin (74) in which the assembly parts are fastened at the cabin floor in the seat rail 44 by means of the fastening system 2 of the invention.

It may be additionally noted that "having" does not exclude other elements or steps and "a" or "an" does not exclude a plurality. It is furthermore pointed out that it is possible to use a combination of the features already described with reference to one of the embodiments described above and also other features of the further embodiments described above. Reference numerals in the claims shall not be regarded as limiting.

Claims

1. A fastening system (2) for fastening a component at a track (44) in a carrier (72), the fastening system having:

-a support element (6) having a support surface (28), an opening (37) and a first radial toothing (36) arranged in an inner space (38) connected to the opening (37) and limited on two mutually opposite areas of the inner space (38), and

an elongated anchoring element (4) having a longitudinal axis (8), a first end (14), a second end (20) arranged opposite to the first end (14) along the longitudinal axis (8), and a second radial tooth (30) constrained on two mutually opposite radial segments,

wherein the opening (37) and the first radial toothing (36) of the support element (6) correspond to the anchoring element (4) configuration in such a way that the anchoring element (4) can be introduced into the opening (37) without resistance about the longitudinal axis (8) in a first rotational position and an engagement is produced between the first radial toothing (36) and the second radial toothing (30) in a second rotational position, and

wherein at least one form-fitting means (16) is arranged at the first end (14) of the anchoring element (4), which form-fitting means can be introduced into an opening contour (56) of the rail (44) in order to produce and release a form-fitting connection with an undercut of the rail (44).

2. Fastening system (2) according to claim 1,

the fastening system furthermore has a fixing device (64) for fixing the relative position between the anchoring element (4) and the supporting element (6).

3. Fastening system (2) according to claim 1 or 2,

wherein the support element (6) has a support surface (28) at which at least one projection (26) is arranged, which is formed to form a positive fit with an opening contour (56) of the rail (44).

4. A fastening system (2) according to claim 3,

wherein two protrusions (26) are arranged at mutually opposite sides of the support surface (28), which protrusions are formed to engage with two mutually spaced apart grid openings (58) in the opening profile (56) of the rail (44).

5. Fastening system (2) according to claim 1 or 2,

wherein the support element (6) has an annular sleeve (24) in which the opening (37) is arranged.

6. Fastening system (2) according to claim 1 or 2,

wherein the form-fitting means (16) has two engagement elements (18) arranged opposite each other, which follow the second radial toothing (30) along the longitudinal axis (8) of the anchoring element (4).

7. Fastening system (2) according to claim 1 or 2,

wherein at the second end (20) of the anchor element (4) means (22) for guiding the rotation of the anchor element (4) around its longitudinal axis (8) are arranged.

8. Fastening system (2) according to claim 2,

wherein the fastening device (64) is a rod (66) which is connected to the anchoring element (4) in a pivotable manner about an axis (8) and which has a connecting element (68) at the end facing away from the anchoring element (4) for connection to an assembly part or a structural fastening point.

9. Fastening system (2) according to claim 1 or 2,

wherein a substantially cylindrical, non-toothed section (34) is arranged between the form-fitting means (16) and the second radial toothing (30).

10. Vehicle cabin having at least one rail and at least one assembly part fastened thereto by means of a fastening system (2) according to one of claims 1 to 9.

11. The vehicle bay of claim 10, wherein the rail is a floor rail integrated in the bay floor and having an opening profile directed into the bay.

12. A vehicle (72) having a vehicle cabin (74) according to claim 10 or 11.

13. The vehicle (72) according to claim 12, wherein the vehicle (72) is an aircraft (72).

14. Method for mounting an assembly at a track in a vehicle having a fastening system (2) according to one of claims 1 to 9, the method having the steps of:

-providing a first part of the assembly member,

positioning the assembly part at a track (44) in a compartment (74) of the vehicle,

arranging a support element (6) at the assembly part,

-inserting an anchoring element (4) into the track (44) through the support element (6), and

-rotating the anchoring element (4) by 90 °.

15. The method according to claim 14,

wherein the support element (6) is arranged before positioning the assembly.