CN110153382B - Online alloy melting and matching method and device - Google Patents

Online alloy melting and matching method and device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110153382B
CN110153382B CN201910513397.7A CN201910513397A CN110153382B CN 110153382 B CN110153382 B CN 110153382B CN 201910513397 A CN201910513397 A CN 201910513397A CN 110153382 B CN110153382 B CN 110153382B
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wire
alloy
launder
aluminum liquid
guide pipe
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CN110153382A (en
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张佼
孙宝德
刘涛
东青
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
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Publication of CN110153382A publication Critical patent/CN110153382A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2019/112402 priority patent/WO2020248461A1/en
Priority to US17/288,030 priority patent/US20210310101A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D1/00—Treatment of fused masses in the ladle or the supply runners before casting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D1/00—Treatment of fused masses in the ladle or the supply runners before casting
    • B22D1/007—Treatment of the fused masses in the supply runners
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/001—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of specific alloys
    • B22D11/003—Aluminium alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D35/00—Equipment for conveying molten metal into beds or moulds
    • B22D35/04—Equipment for conveying molten metal into beds or moulds into moulds, e.g. base plates, runners
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/005—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like with heating or cooling means
    • B22D41/01—Heating means
    • B22D41/015—Heating means with external heating, i.e. the heat source not being a part of the ladle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D7/00—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals
    • B22D7/005—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals from non-ferrous metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/10—Alloys based on aluminium with zinc as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
    • B22D11/108—Feeding additives, powders, or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D21/00—Casting non-ferrous metals or metallic compounds so far as their metallurgical properties are of importance for the casting procedure; Selection of compositions therefor
    • B22D21/002—Castings of light metals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D21/00—Casting non-ferrous metals or metallic compounds so far as their metallurgical properties are of importance for the casting procedure; Selection of compositions therefor
    • B22D21/002—Castings of light metals
    • B22D21/005—Castings of light metals with high melting point, e.g. Be 1280 degrees C, Ti 1725 degrees C
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D21/00—Casting non-ferrous metals or metallic compounds so far as their metallurgical properties are of importance for the casting procedure; Selection of compositions therefor
    • B22D21/002—Castings of light metals
    • B22D21/007—Castings of light metals with low melting point, e.g. Al 659 degrees C, Mg 650 degrees C

Abstract

An on-line alloy smelting and distributing method and its equipment features that the alloying metal to be added is prepared into wire material, the wire feeding speed for alloy with specific component is calculated according to the flow rate of raw aluminium liquid in launder, and the wire material is continuously and stably fed into the launder of raw aluminium liquid during continuous casting to form alloy distribution in real time. The method can avoid the specific gravity segregation caused by long-time standing of the melt, obviously improve the alloying efficiency and simultaneously realize the preparation of the gradient material.

Description

Online alloy melting and matching method and device
Technical Field
The invention relates to a technology in the field of alloy manufacturing, in particular to an online alloy melting and matching method and device.
Background
Aluminum alloys usually contain a plurality of alloying elements, and corresponding alloying components are required to be added to the original aluminum liquid in the preparation process. The addition form of the alloy component can be pure metal (such as Mg, Zn, Cu, Si and the like) or intermediate alloy (such as Al-Fe, Al-Ni, Al-Zr, Al-Sr and the like). In actual production, the casting process is often started after all the alloy is added to a holding furnace and melted and left to stand. The main problem is that because of different densities of different types of added elements, the alloy elements are easy to generate specific gravity segregation in a large-scale holding furnace after being added, for example, Cu and Zn elements with higher densities can be enriched at the lower part of the holding furnace, and Mg, Li and other elements with lower densities can be enriched at the upper part of the holding furnace, and the melt needs to be stirred with higher strength to keep uniform. Even so, still appear easily that the chemical composition is not up to standard, the inhomogeneous phenomenon of composition leads to the melting and joining alloy quality unqualified.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an online alloy melting and matching method and device aiming at the problems that specific gravity segregation and element distribution are easy to occur in the existing large-scale heat preservation furnace melting and matching alloy, and the method and device can avoid the specific gravity segregation caused by long-time standing of a melt, remarkably improve the alloying efficiency and simultaneously realize the preparation of a gradient material.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to an online alloy melting and matching method, which is characterized in that alloying metal to be added is prepared into wires in advance, the wire feeding speed required by alloy with specific components is calculated and configured according to the flow of primary aluminum liquid in a launder, the wires are continuously and stably injected into the launder of the primary aluminum liquid according to the wire feeding speed in the continuous ingot casting process, and the alloy configuration is formed in real time.
The wire is an alloy wire or a pure metal wire.
The wire feeding speed is based on the flow velocity V of the aluminum liquid in the launderlDetermining the wire feed speed VSilkI.e. VSilk＝kVlK is a fixed constant, generally k is 5-10, the flow rate unit is m/s, and the wire feeding speed unit is cm/s.
The real-time forming is as follows: in order to quickly dissolve the wire material into the primary aluminum liquid, the alloying metal to be added is melted by a high-frequency instantaneous heating mode while the wire material is fed, and the alloying metal is guided to enter the aluminum liquid and then quickly mixed to reach the required concentration of the alloying element.
The alloying metal refers to: master alloys or pure metals for alloying pure aluminum, such as Al-Mn, Al-Fe, Al-Cr, Cu, Zn, etc.
The invention relates to a device for realizing the method, which comprises the following steps: aluminium liquid chute and set up wherein at least one stand pipe that has wire drive feed unit, wherein: the wire feeding device is arranged at the input end of the guide pipe and is connected with the motion control device to adjust the leading-in speed of the wires, and the output end of the guide pipe is provided with the temperature control device to adjust the temperature of the wires when the wires enter the aluminum liquid flow groove.
The guide pipe is in a hollow bent pipe shape, wires are arranged in the guide pipe, and the bending direction of the guide pipe is the same as the flow direction of aluminum liquid in the aluminum liquid flow groove.
The depth of the guide pipe in the molten aluminum launder is determined according to the depth of the launder, and is preferably 1/2-2/3 of the depth of the launder.
The motion control device comprises: motion controller module and drive module, execution module and the feedback sensor module that links to each other with it respectively, wherein: the driving module converts the control command from the motion controller into a current or voltage control level, and the feedback sensor module outputs the position of the execution module to the motion controller.
The temperature control device comprises: electronic temperature transmitter module, electronic potential difference meter module, electric controller module and silicon controlled rectifier voltage regulator module, wherein: the temperature variation is measured by a thermocouple, converted into a standard signal of a type meter by an electric temperature transmitter, namely a direct current signal below 10mA, transmitted to an electronic potentiometer for recording, and simultaneously transmitted to an electric controller, and the controller outputs the direct current signal below 10mA to a silicon controlled voltage regulator according to the size and the direction of deviation and after operation of a preset control rule, and adjusts alternating voltage to realize automatic control.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the apparatus of the present invention;
in the figure: 1 wire feeder, 2 wires, 3 ceramic guide tubes, 4 high-frequency induction coils, 5 chutes, 6 motion control devices, 7 temperature control devices, 8 molten drops and 9 primary aluminum liquid.
Detailed Description
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the in-line alloy melting and assembling method according to the present embodiment includes: the multiple groups of guide tubes 3 are provided with wire feeders 1, the output ends of the guide tubes 3 are arranged in the launder 5, the output end of each guide tube 3 is provided with a high-frequency induction coil 4 connected with a temperature control device 7, the wire feeders 1 are connected with a motion control device 6 to control the speed of wires 2 entering the launder 5, and the output ends of the guide tubes 3 are heated by the high-frequency induction coils 4 to melt the wires 2 into molten drops 8 and lead the molten drops into primary aluminum liquid 9.
The guide pipe 3 is immersed in the primary aluminum liquid 9.
In the alloying process, the primary aluminum liquid has a speed VL(< 3m/s) flow steadily in the launders, the diameters to be added being d1、d2、d3(<30mm) alloy wire material is respectively fed through a wire feeding deviceVelocity VFilament 1、VFilament 2、VFilament 3(<5m/s) into a ceramic guide tube, the wire feeding speed is related to the concentration level of the element in the cast ingot to be prepared, and the wire feeding speed is controlled by a motion control device. The alloy wires move downwards in the ceramic guide tube under the push of the wire feeding device, and the local areas corresponding to the heating of the high-frequency induction coils are respectively controlled to reach the temperature T by the temperature control device1、T2、T3(>The melting point of the alloy wire) to rapidly melt the alloy wire to form molten drops, and the formed molten drops continuously enter the primary aluminum liquid along the ceramic guide tube and finish the alloying and the distribution homogenization along with the movement of the primary aluminum liquid.
The guide pipe 3 with the wire feeding device 1 can be determined according to the quantity of elements required to be added, multiple groups of guide pipes can simultaneously complete the on-line alloying of multiple alloy elements, and after the alloying is completed, the alloy melt can enter a casting device for casting to form an ingot.
This example carries out the preparation of an Al-Mg-Si alloy by means of the above-described apparatus: controlling the primary aluminum liquid to stably flow in a launder at the speed of 0.22m/s, and respectively feeding pure magnesium wires with the diameter of 1.8mm and Al-20Si alloy wires with the diameter of 3.0mm into a ceramic guide pipe through a wire feeding device at the speeds of 1.8cm/s and 2.6 cm/s. The alloy wire moves downwards in the ceramic guide tube under the pushing of the wire feeding device, the temperature control device respectively controls the high-frequency induction coil to heat the corresponding local area to 700 ℃ and 720 ℃ so that the alloy wire is rapidly melted to form molten drops, the formed molten drops continuously enter the primary aluminum liquid along the ceramic guide tube, and the alloying and the distribution homogenization are completed along with the movement of the primary aluminum liquid. And the alloy melt enters a casting device for casting to form an Al-Mg-Si alloy cast ingot.
Example 2
This example carries out the preparation of an Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy with a composition gradient by means of the above-described apparatus: controlling the primary aluminum liquid to stably flow in a launder at the speed of 0.28m/s, and respectively feeding pure zinc wires with the diameter of 4.0mm, pure magnesium wires with the diameter of 1.8mm and Al-20Cu alloy wires with the diameter of 1.5mm into a ceramic guide pipe at the speeds of 2.2cm/s, 2.5cm/s and 1.8mm/s through a wire feeding device. The alloy wire moves downwards in the ceramic guide tube under the pushing of the wire feeding device, the temperature control device respectively controls the local areas corresponding to the heating of the high-frequency induction coil to 460 ℃, 700 ℃ and 740 ℃, so that the alloy wire is rapidly melted to form molten drops, the formed molten drops continuously enter the primary aluminum liquid along the ceramic guide tube, and the alloying and the distribution homogenization are completed along with the movement of the primary aluminum liquid. And feeding the alloy melt into a casting device for casting to form an Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy cast ingot. The wire feeding speed of the pure zinc wire is uniformly reduced in the preparation process (the wire feeding speed is reduced by 0.1cm/s every 5 minutes), and the wire feeding speed of the pure zinc wire is reduced to 1.0cm/s after the casting is finished. Tests show that the zinc content of the prepared alloy is 6.5% at the head part of the ingot and 3% at the tail part of the ingot, and the zinc content of the alloy is changed from the head part to the tail part of the ingot in a gradient and uniform manner.
The foregoing embodiments may be modified in many different ways by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims and all changes that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.

Claims (1)

1. An alloy melting and matching method based on an online alloy melting and matching device is characterized in that the melting and matching device comprises: aluminium liquid chute and set up wherein at least one stand pipe that has wire drive feed unit, wherein: the wire feeding device is arranged at the input end of the guide pipe and is connected with the motion control device to adjust the leading-in speed of the wires, and the output end of the guide pipe is provided with a temperature control device to adjust the temperature of the wires when the wires enter the molten aluminum launder;
the guide pipe is in a hollow bent pipe shape, wires are arranged in the guide pipe, and the bending direction of the guide pipe is the same as the flow direction of aluminum liquid in the aluminum liquid flow groove; the guide pipe is positioned at 1/2-2/3 of the depth launder in the aluminum liquid launder;
the temperature control device comprises: electronic temperature transmitter module, electronic potential difference meter module, electric controller module and silicon controlled rectifier voltage regulator module, wherein: the temperature change is measured by a thermocouple, and a direct current signal below 0-10 mA converted into a standard signal of a model meter by an electric temperature transmitter is respectively output to an electronic potentiometer and an electric controller, and the electric controller outputs a direct current signal below 0-10 mA to a silicon controlled voltage regulator to adjust alternating voltage after operation according to a preset control rule according to the size and the direction of deviation, so that automatic control is realized;
the online alloy melting and matching device also comprises a high-frequency induction coil connected with the temperature control device, and the high-frequency induction coil melts the alloying metal wire in a high-frequency instantaneous heating mode;
the melting and matching method comprises the steps of preparing an alloy to be added into a wire in advance, calculating the wire feeding speed required by the alloy with a specific component according to the flow of a primary aluminum liquid in a launder, continuously and stably injecting the wire into the launder of the primary aluminum liquid according to the wire feeding speed in the continuous ingot casting process, and forming the alloy configuration in real time;
the real-time forming is as follows: in order to quickly dissolve the wire material into the primary aluminum liquid, the alloying metal wire is melted by a high-frequency instantaneous heating mode while feeding the wire material, so that the alloying metal wire is guided to enter the aluminum liquid and then is quickly mixed to reach the required concentration of the alloying element;
the alloying metal wire is Al-Mn, Al-Fe and Al-Cr;
the wire feeding speed is based on the flow velocity V of the aluminum liquid in the launder1Determining the wire feed speed VSilkI.e. VSilk＝kV1K is a fixed constant;
the gradient material was prepared by reducing the wire feed speed by 0.1m/s every 5min during the preparation.
CN201910513397.7A 2019-06-14 2019-06-14 Online alloy melting and matching method and device Active CN110153382B (en)

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CN201910513397.7A CN110153382B (en) 2019-06-14 2019-06-14 Online alloy melting and matching method and device
PCT/CN2019/112402 WO2020248461A1 (en) 2019-06-14 2019-10-22 Online alloy melting and fusing method and device
US17/288,030 US20210310101A1 (en) 2019-06-14 2019-10-22 Method and apparatus for synchronously melting and preparing alloy

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CN110153382B (en) * 2019-06-14 2022-02-08 上海交通大学 Online alloy melting and matching method and device

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