CN110151764A - 吡咯喹啉醌在缓解脂多糖诱导的动物细胞和肠道炎症上的应用 - Google Patents

吡咯喹啉醌在缓解脂多糖诱导的动物细胞和肠道炎症上的应用 Download PDF

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CN110151764A
CN110151764A CN201910554679.1A CN201910554679A CN110151764A CN 110151764 A CN110151764 A CN 110151764A CN 201910554679 A CN201910554679 A CN 201910554679A CN 110151764 A CN110151764 A CN 110151764A
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赵丽红
张建云
马秋刚
郑雅文
郭永鹏
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China Agricultural University
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Abstract

本发明提供一种缓解脂多糖(LPS)诱导的动物细胞和肠道炎症反应的免疫调节剂及其应用，所述的免疫调节剂为吡咯喹啉醌(Pyrroloquinoline quinone，简称PQQ)。本发明首次将PQQ用于缓解LPS诱导的巨噬细胞和动物机体的炎性损伤上。本发明还提供了一种缓解动物细胞和肠道炎性损伤的饲料添加剂的配制方法及其在动物生产中的应用。PQQ作为一种免疫调节型饲料添加剂，可有效缓解有害微生物诱导的动物细胞和肠道炎性损伤，提高机体的抗氧化机能。在畜牧生产中推进该类免疫调节型饲料添加剂的应用将有利于提高动物机体的免疫功能和抗氧化功能，降低疫病发生，提高畜禽养殖者的经济效益。

Description

吡咯喹啉醌在缓解脂多糖诱导的动物细胞和肠道炎症上的 应用
技术领域
本发明属于畜牧生产技术领域，主要涉及一种缓解脂多糖(LPS)诱导的动物细胞和肠道炎症的免疫调节剂及其应用。
背景技术
吡咯喹啉醌(pyrroloquinoline quinone，PQQ)是甲醇脱氢酶的辅酶，是继黄素核苷酸和烟酰胺核苷酸之后，在膜束缚的细菌脱氢酶中发现的第3种辅基，如果得到世界卫生组织的认定，这将成为第14种维生素。PQQ类似水溶性B族维生素，几乎存在于所有的食品中，含量约3.65～61.0ng/g。缺乏这种物质的实验小鼠会出现繁殖能力低下等现象，因而推测它对人类也有相同的影响。人体内脏、睾丸和体液中都存在PQQ，脾脏含量最高，达到5.9ng/g。人乳中PQQ及其衍生物总含量高达140～180ng/mL，比一般食物含量多几十倍，说明该物质对新生婴幼儿的生长发育可能起到至关重要的作用。
该化合物最先是从细菌中分出来的，随后在动、植物体内也被发现。其不仅参与催化生物体内氧化还原反应，而且还具有一些特殊的生物活性和生理功能。喂食不含PQQ日粮的老鼠生长不良，不能繁殖，并成为骨关节炎，而当添加PQQ时，观察到正常的生长反应(John et al.,1989)。研究还发现PQQ有缓解神经退行性疾病的潜力。目前PQQ的研究大多集中在动物处于适宜的生长环境下，验证在常规日粮中添加是否具有改善动物生长性能和提高抗氧化能力等方面。对于在外源应激源诱导的动物免疫应激状态下，PQQ是否对动物具有抗炎的作用未有研究报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有技术的不足，从动物细胞和肠道两方面免疫炎性反应出发，提供一种新型具有抑制机体炎症反应的免疫调节剂或饲料添加剂，主要活性成分为吡咯喹啉醌(PQQ)，用于缓解LPS诱导的动物细胞和肠道炎性损伤，改善机体抗氧化功能。
为达到上述目的，本发明采用了下列技术方案：本方案中的新型免疫调节剂吡咯喹啉醌(PQQ)用于缓解LPS诱导的家禽巨噬细胞的炎症反应，可显著降低细胞NO的产生和iNOS的表达水平，显著降低细胞炎性因子(IL-1B,IL-6,IL-10和TNF-α)的表达水平。
本发明的另一目的在于将吡咯喹啉醌和维生素E、二丁基羟基甲苯(BHT)、水飞蓟素及米糠按一定比例混合，制成一种新型免疫调节型饲料添加剂，用于缓解由LPS诱导的动物肠道炎性损伤。
以上所述的各养分对于提高动物免疫和抗氧化功能，维持肠道结构完整性具有重要的作用。
吡咯喹啉醌：是一种氧化还原酶辅基，参与生物体内氧化还原反应，能有效地清除体内的自由基，减少自由基对机体的伤害，提高机体免疫功能、防治肝损伤。
维生素E：作为一种重要的脂溶性维生素，通过定位于细胞内与自由基结合保护细胞器膜免受攻击，与维生素C具有协同作用。
二丁基羟基甲苯(BHT)：稳定性高，抗氧化能力强，能有效地延缓植物油的氧化酸败。
水飞蓟素：保护肝脏细胞免受毒性物质侵害，尤其是酒精及环境污染物(农药、重金属等)入侵损害肝脏；具有强力的抗氧化功能，能保护肝脏细胞免受自由基破坏；促进蛋白质的合成，加快细胞更新，使已受损的肝脏细胞自行修复。
本发明的一种缓解肉鸡由LPS诱导的肠道炎性损伤的免疫调节剂，其在饲料中的添加量为0.1千克/吨。
通过肉鸡试验验证本发明的新型免疫调节型饲料添加剂的作用效果，将288只AA肉公鸡随机分到4个处理组，分别为对照组(Con)、PQQ组(1mg/kg)、LPS组(0.5mg/kg BW)、LPS+PQQ组(0.5mg/kg BW+1mg/kg)，每个处理6个重复，每个重复12只。结果表明，免疫调节型饲料添加剂显著降低LPS诱导的肉鸡肠粘膜炎性因子(IL-1β,IL-6和TNF-α)的表达量，改善肠粘膜组织形态；同时增强肉鸡肝脏抗氧化功能(T-SOD和CAT)。
本发明的有益效果是，本发明从动物细胞和肠道两方面炎性损伤出发，选用天然的免疫调节剂PQQ为原料，验证其对动物细胞的免疫调节作用；同时采用合理的组分配比制备新型免疫调节添加剂，其对于脂多糖引起的动物肠道炎性损伤、结构破坏以及生长抑制具有较好的缓解作用。本发明的添加剂成分具有安全、营养的特点，不会吸附饲料中微量营养物质，能够提高养殖效率。
附图说明
图1 PQQ对LPS诱导的家禽巨噬细胞HD11 NO产生的影响；
图2 PQQ对LPS诱导的家禽巨噬细胞HD11 iNOS表达的影响；
图3 PQQ对LPS诱导的家禽巨噬细胞HD11 IL-B表达的影响；
图4 PQQ对LPS诱导的家禽巨噬细胞HD11 IL-6表达的影响；
图5 PQQ对LPS诱导的家禽巨噬细胞HD11 IL-10表达的影响；
图6 PQQ对LPS诱导的家禽巨噬细胞HD11 TNF-α表达的影响。
具体实施方式
以下实施例用于说明本发明，但不用来限制本发明的范围。若未特别指明，实施例中所用的技术手段为本领域技术人员所熟知的常规手段。
实施例1 PQQ在缓解LPS诱导的巨噬细胞炎性方面的应用
用5μM PQQ预处理家禽巨噬细胞(HD11)12h，再用100ng/mL LPS细胞12h后，分别检测细胞NO的产生和iNOS的表达水平，及细胞炎性因子(IL-1B,IL-6,IL-10和TNF-α)的表达水平。结果表明：PQQ可显著降低巨噬细胞NO的产生和iNOS的表达水平，显著降低细胞炎性因子(IL-1B,IL-6,IL-10和TNF-α)的表达水平，如图1-6。
实施例2一种缓解动物肠道炎性损伤的免疫调节型饲料添加剂，其组分和质量百分比为：PQQ：1％、维生素E：0.5％、BHT：0.6％、水飞蓟素：0.4％、米糠：97.5％。
实施例3一种缓解动物肠道炎性损伤的免疫调节型饲料添加剂，其组分和质量百分比为：PQQ：0.8％、维生素E：0.7％、BHT：0.8％、水飞蓟素：0.2％、米糠：97.5％。
实施例4一种缓解动物肠道炎性损伤的免疫调节型饲料添加剂，其组分和质量百分比为：PQQ：0.5％、维生素E：0.8％、BHT：0.8％、水飞蓟素：0.3％、米糠：97.6％。
实施例5 PQQ在缓解LPS诱导的肉鸡肠道炎性损伤方面的应用
为了验证本发明的应用效果，该发明在中国农业大学涿州动物试验基地进行应用效果试验，具体实施方案如下：
将288只AA肉公鸡随机分到4个处理，分别为对照组(Con)、PQQ组(1mg/kg)、LPS组(0.5mg/kg BW)、LPS+PQQ组(0.5mg/kg BW+1mg/kg)。每个处理6个重复，每个重复12只鸡。试验鸡只养到第16、18、20d，早上8点分别注射LPS和生理盐水。于21d，42d，每个处理随机选取2只鸡，屠宰取肠粘膜和肠道样品，测定肠道形态和肠粘膜炎性因子表达量。结果表明，PQQ显著降低LPS诱导的肉鸡肠粘膜炎性因子(IL-1B,IL-6,IL-10和TNF-α)的表达量(表1)，改善肠粘膜组织形态(表2)。
表1 PQQ对LPS诱导的肉鸡肠粘膜炎性因子mRNA表达量的影响
表2 PQQ对LPS诱导的肉鸡肠道组织形态的影响
实施例6 PQQ在缓解LPS诱导的肉鸡全身炎性损伤方面的应用
为了验证本发明的应用效果，该发明在中国农业大学涿州动物试验基地进行应用效果试验，具体实施方案如下：
将288只AA肉公鸡随机分到4个处理，分别为对照组(Con)、PQQ组(1mg/kg)、LPS组(0.5mg/kg BW)、LPS+PQQ组(0.5mg/kg BW+1mg/kg)。每个处理6个重复，每个重复12只鸡。试验鸡只养到第16、18、20d，早上8点分别注射LPS和生理盐水。于注射LPS 2h、21d、42d，每个处理随机选取2只鸡，翅静脉采血，测定血清中炎性因子含量。结果表明，PQQ显著降低LPS诱导的肉鸡血清炎性因子(IL-1B,IL-6和TNF-α)的表达量(表3)。
表3 PQQ对LPS诱导的肉鸡肠血清炎性因子含量的影响
实施例7 PQQ在缓解LPS诱导的肉鸡肝脏抗氧化功能的影响
为了验证本发明的应用效果，该发明在中国农业大学涿州动物试验基地进行应用效果试验，具体实施方案如下：
将288只AA肉公鸡随机分到4个处理，分别为对照组(Con)、PQQ组(1mg/kg)、LPS组(0.5mg/kg BW)、LPS+PQQ组(0.5mg/kg BW+1mg/kg)。每个处理6个重复，每个重复12只鸡。试验鸡只养到第16、18、20d，早上8点分别注射LPS和生理盐水。试验第21d、42d，每个处理随机选取2只鸡，处死，取肝脏样品，检测肝脏抗氧化指标。试验结果表明，PQQ显著增加LPS引起的肉鸡肝脏抗氧化功能(T-SOD和CAT)(表4)。
表4 PQQ对LPS诱导的肉鸡肝脏抗氧化指标的影响
应用结果显示：本发明的一种缓解LPS诱导的肉鸡肠道炎性反应的免疫调节剂，有效缓解了脂多糖引起的肉鸡肠道炎性损伤，改善肠道形态结构，提高肝脏抗氧化功能，提高动物肠道和机体健康。
上述讨论和实施案例仅供说明本发明具体实施方案，绝非限制其实际范围，本发明的保护范围以权利要求保护范围为准。

Claims (7)

1.一种免疫调节剂在缓解LPS诱导的巨噬细胞炎症反应上的应用，所述的免疫调节剂为吡咯喹啉醌PQQ。
2.权利要求1所述的免疫调节剂PQQ的作用在于，该免疫调节剂可缓解由LPS诱导的动物巨噬细胞的炎性反应，降低细胞NO的产生和iNOS的表达水平，同时可以降低细胞炎性因子IL-1B,IL-6,IL-10和TNF-α的表达水平。
3.一种缓解动物肠道炎症反应的免疫调节型饲料添加剂，其特征在于，该添加剂主要由权利要求1所述的免疫调节剂PQQ组成，同时还含有维生素E、二丁基羟基甲苯、水飞蓟素及载体米糠；各组分的质量百分比含量为：PQQ：0.5％-1％、维生素E：0.3％-0.8％、BHT：0.5％-0.8％、水飞蓟素：0.2％-0.4％、米糠：97％-98.5％。
4.权利要求1和权利要求3所述的免疫调节型饲料添加剂在缓解由LPS诱导的动物肠道炎症反应上的应用，其在肉鸡饲料中的添加量为0.05-0.1千克/吨。
5.权利要求1和权利要求3所述的免疫调节型饲料添加剂在缓解由各种病原菌引起的动物炎症反应上的应用，其在肉鸡、蛋鸡、雏鸭、育肥猪、肉牛、奶牛饲料中的添加量为0.01-0.2千克/吨。
6.权利要求1和权利要求3所述的免疫调节型饲料添加剂同时具有抗氧化功能，可用于缓解多种因素引起的动物氧化应激，其在肉鸡、蛋鸡、雏鸭、育肥猪、肉牛、奶牛饲料中的添加量为0.01-0.1千克/吨。
7.根据权利要求1-6中任何一项权利要求所述的应用，其特征在于：所述吡咯喹啉醌是通过微生物发酵制成的。
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