CN110151204A - Wearable non-intrusion type bladder capacity monitoring alarm - Google Patents
Wearable non-intrusion type bladder capacity monitoring alarm Download PDFInfo
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- CN110151204A CN110151204A CN201910545923.8A CN201910545923A CN110151204A CN 110151204 A CN110151204 A CN 110151204A CN 201910545923 A CN201910545923 A CN 201910545923A CN 110151204 A CN110151204 A CN 110151204A
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002847 impedance measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013178 mathematical model Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000027939 micturition Effects 0.000 abstract description 23
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 238000011871 bio-impedance analysis Methods 0.000 description 9
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/05—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves
- A61B5/053—Measuring electrical impedance or conductance of a portion of the body
- A61B5/0535—Impedance plethysmography
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/20—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons for measuring urological functions restricted to the evaluation of the urinary system
- A61B5/202—Assessing bladder functions, e.g. incontinence assessment
- A61B5/204—Determining bladder volume
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of medical instrument technology, specially wearable non-intrusion type bladder capacity monitoring alarm.The upper seat in the plane of monitoring acquisition device and real-time display including bladder bio-electrical impedance；The monitoring acquisition device of bladder impedance is used for real-time collection and continual collection patient bladder bio-impedance, judges whether patient reaches bladder capacity threshold value, including conducting wire and disposable electrode, high-precision impedance transducer, control and transmission mainboard；High-precision impedance transducer and control and transmission mainboard are small in size, light, do not influence the normal life of patient.Upper seat in the plane by real time monitoring master control borad by serial ports send back come bladder impedance value, realize bladder bio-impedance real-time, continuous monitoring, convenient for health care professional progress impedance calibration and impedance threshold setting.The device helps to improve the quality of life of bladder urethral dysfunction patient, and patient is helped to restore automatic micturition.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the field of medical instrument technology, and in particular to the monitoring, alarming of wearable non-intrusion type bladder capacity fills
It sets.
Background technique
Cause the urine storage of bladder, micturition centre impaired cerebral injury (such as: cerebral apoplexy), the retention of urine easily occurs, urine loses
The patient for prohibiting the even bladder urethral dysfunctions such as vesical perforation clinically often takes folder to close urinary catheter timing releasing and urinates training bladder
(aim at and extract catheter early, restore automatic micturition function).Due to the Urinary functional test of current mainstream
(cystometry) check can Accurate Determining bladder pressure and capacity, provided for low urinary tract function impaired patients detailed, objective, complete
The data in face, but patient need to be given to urodynamics test room, and inspection fee is higher, it cannot continuously monitor.Therefore it is treating
In often lack accurate bladder pressure, capacity foundation.Therefore find it is a kind of portable, can real-time monitoring bladder capacity, energy
The monitoring means that prompt patient puts urine enough in time can effectively help to treat and improve the quality of life of patient.
Bladder is the organ for storing urine, and the bladder capacity of adult is between 350-500mL, when the urine volume of storage is more than
500mL can generate feeling of pain because of the bladder wall overtension.The normal operation of motor function and sensory function is that bladder can exercise just
The premise of Chang Gongneng.The urination and urine storage activity of bladder be unable to do without the support of motor function, and the expansion of the bladder wall generates feeling of pain
It is the physiological foundation that sensory function makes body generation urine intention.Obstacle, which occurs, for bladder sensation function and motor function can all influence patient
Normal voiding, gradually tended to be mature for the treatment of dyskinesia at present, promoted the quality of life of patient also at
In order to treat the important need of vesical dysfunction, patient is helped to overcome the forfeiture due to sensory function that cannot urinate and make in time
At just seeming more important the problems such as vesical perforation.
In summary, existing issue includes: 1, and supply and demand ratio is uneven, and existing Rehabilitation System and scheme cannot expire completely
The sufficient market demand；2, hospital's existing device higher cost and portability is poor, the cost is relatively high for time, space and money；3,
Patient lacks the guidance for restoring automatic micturition consciousness.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of non-intruding, it is portable, can real-time monitoring bladder capacity, prompt patient in time
The bladder capacity monitoring alarm of urination.The device is non-hazardous to human body, input current in 1mA hereinafter, frequency 50kHz with
Under, and the normal activity of people is not influenced.
Bladder capacity monitoring alarm provided by the invention, comprising: the monitoring acquisition device of bladder bio-electrical impedance and
The upper seat in the plane of real-time display；Wherein, the monitoring acquisition device of the bladder bio-electrical impedance is used for real-time collection and continual collection patient wing
Guang bio-impedance judges whether patient reaches bladder capacity threshold value, including disposable electrode, conducting wire, AD5933 impedance transformation
Device, Arduino Uno R3 control and transmission mainboard；AD5933 impedance transducer is outer by conducting wire and disposable electrode acquisition
The impedance information of section load, and data are transmitted by I2C agreement and Arduino Uno R3 mainboard；By being compiled to master control borad
The available final impedance value of process control, and realize the monitoring and alarm of bladder capacity；The upper seat in the plane is in real time, continuously
Bladder impedance value is monitored, and completes the setting of impedance calibration and impedance threshold.
In the present invention, based on Bioelectrical impedance analysis principle (Bioelectrical impedance analysis,
BIA), a small current or voltage is inputted into target object by being fixed on the electrode of body surface, detect based on the feedback signal
The electrical impedance and its variation of the target object.
In the present invention, hardware components are using AD5933 high-precision impedance transformation chip, Arduino Uno R3 as master control
Plate using disposable electrode and conducting wire to detected part input stimulus, then acquires the signal of return.
In the present invention, impedance measurement is realized using AD5933, this measurement method is substantially a kind of flexible measurement method,
I.e. in the case where variable to be measured is difficult to situation measured directly, the measurement of associated easy survey variable is carried out, and survey variable according to easy
With the mathematical relationship between variable to be measured, founding mathematical models realize variable to be measured with various mathematical computations and estimation method
Measurement.AD5933 is a high-precision impedance transducer system scheme, and electrical schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 2.On piece collection
At the analog-digital converter (ADC) of frequency generator and 12,1MSPS.It is motivated with the signal that frequency generator generates external negative
Impedance is carried, the response signal of external impedance is sampled by piece ADC, then carries out discrete Fourier transform by piece DSP
(DFT) it handles.DFT algorithm returns to real part (R) data word and imaginary part (I) data word on each frequency.Calibrate it
It is easy to calculate the impedance amplitude and relative phase of each scan frequency point afterwards.Calculating is existed using real and imaginary parts content of registers
It is completed outside piece, content of registers is read from serial I2C-interface.The data in each register of AD5933 are read by master control borad,
It may be implemented to include the functions such as impedance information is extracted, impedance gain is calculated, frequency scanned.Its impedance measurement range 1k Ω extremely
Between 10M Ω.Impedance measurement error is less than 0.1%, and phase absolute error is less than 0.7 °.
In the present invention, AD5933 impedance transducer, which is connected by I2C agreement with master control borad, realizes data exchange.Control
AD5933 be by support serial interface protocol I2C bus completes, AD5933 as one by main control device control from
Equipment is connected in bus.AD5933 has 7 bit-serial bus from address.After equipment is powered, the universal serial bus of default
Location is 0001101 (0x0D).The timing diagram of the general read-write operation of I2C interface is as shown in Figure 3.
Control program is provided in the present invention, in master control borad, for completing frequency scanning setting, impedance gain calculates, real
The functions such as border impedance value calculating, real-time display, alarm.Real value and dummy values are stored in after AD5933 impedance transducer DFT transform
Number in register needs to be converted into actual impedance value according to calibrating resistance, and is also to pass through master compared with threshold resistance
The program controlled in plate is completed.Including following Processing Algorithm:
(1) initialization program Setup ()
This program needs that scan frequency is arranged in advance, calculates the gain coefficient of impedance according to the PGA gain of selection, and leads to
It crosses I2C agreement and AD5933 impedance transducer suggests data connection；Arduino included library<Wire.h>contains I2C agreement
Establish program, can directly quote Wire.begin () function；Initializing set is by Setup () letter in main () function
Number is realized, primary, computing impedance gain coefficient, subsequently into loop body need to be only executed when powering on；Program resets first
AD5933, if program is currently running, can interrupt scanning, but not cover preliminary sweep frequency register content, but need
Initialization scan frequency order frequency scans to restart；
Setup () function is first carried out once in each measurement Shi Douhui that starts, to obtain the initial of entire measurement process
It is worth and carries out impedance calibration, gets information about for convenience of debugging and in the detection circumstance of initialization, what each needs initialized
Step is all made of judgement sentence, if initialization failure, direct interrupt routine；Its flow chart is as shown in Figure 4；
(2) impedance computation program Loop ()
The calculating of the design middle impedance value is completed in Loop () function, and program enters circulation after completing initialization process
Body program, until power-off；The real value and dummy values obtained after reading DFT transform in the real value of AD5933 and dummy values register, into
After line amplitude calculates, practical survey can be calculated according to the impedance gain coefficient that external calibrating resistance obtains in Setup () function
The impedance value of amount；Impedance value is obtained every time to require to be compared with default impedance value, when measured value is less than or equal to preset value,
Show that bladder capacity has reached preset capacity (subject person of being subject to experiences bladder capacity when obvious urination desire)；It is flowed
Journey figure is as shown in Figure 5；
The measurement impedance computation formula of the Frequency point are as follows:
The characteristics of present apparatus:
1, the present apparatus is used to whether real-time monitoring patient bladder capacity reaches the numerical value for needing to urinate, and restores certainly to patient
Help is realized in main urination；
2, the present apparatus passes through the bladder capacity information of in-vitro measurements bladder impedance value indirect gain patient, prompts patient row
Urine, and existing research means are largely required to patient's body implanted device.The present invention is in accuracy not as good as plant in vivo
Enter the means of pressure sensor, but the monitoring of bladder capacity can not need especially accurate data, it is only necessary to which measurement error exists
Patient can be prompted to urinate in time in tolerance interval；
3, the present apparatus establishes the relationship of bladder capacity Yu bladder impedance by the electrophysiological characteristics of bladder, can accomplish that bladder holds
Measure early warning；
4, the present apparatus is light portable, can be in the case where not influencing patient's normal life in real time by wearable design
Uninterrupted monitoring bladder impedance.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is apparatus module block diagram.
Fig. 2 is AD5933 impedance transducer electrical schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the timing diagram of the general read-write operation of I2C interface.
Fig. 4 is initialization program block diagram.
Fig. 5 is impedance computation program chart.
Fig. 6 is the bipolar electrode method and four electrode method for impedance measurement.
Fig. 7 is AD5933 work flow diagram.
Fig. 8 is that AD5933 receives byte command sequence.
Fig. 9 is that the measurement result of impedance measurement system illustrates.
Specific embodiment
Interference is generated to measurement to reduce the variation of electrode position, by electrode to being fixed on 10cm under navel, positive and negative two
Electrode spacing navel middle line is at 8cm.The calibration of progress impedance gain coefficient, bladder electrical impedance are all needed before each measurement starts
For value in 2k Ω or so, calibrating resistance should select 1k Ω.In initialization program, after the both ends VOUT connect calibrating resistance, to string
Mouth input letter p starts to calibrate, and passes impedance gain value back by serial ports after the completion of calibration, then starts formally to survey after inputting alphabetical p
Amount.Gain coefficient can be shown by serial ports after calibration.
The present invention is based on Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), Bioelectrical impedance analysis (Bioelectrical
Impedance analysis, BIA) it is a kind of raw using the electrical characteristics and its changing rule of biological tissue and organ extraction human body
Reason, the medicine detection technique of pathological condition.Electrode by being fixed on body surface inputted into target object a small electric current or
Voltage can detect the electrical impedance and its variation of the target object based on the feedback signal.With it is noninvasive it is harmless, easy to operate, at
The features such as this is cheap.BIA is widely used in the physiology ginseng of the detection of human body constituent, blood flow detection, breast cancer detection etc.
In number estimation.The bio-electrical impedance of subject can be used for calculating body composition and assessment clinical disease.When constant current I passes through one
When being connected to subject's body surface to electrode, electrical impedance Z can be calculated according to the voltage V generated in body surface, be shown below.
Bio-electrical impedance is the complicated amount determined by the amplitude and phase angle of the various features of biological tissue.The real part of Z be by
The resistance R that body moisture determines, imaginary part are the reactance X that the capacitor generated by cell membrane determinesC。
Z, R, XCRelationship provided by following equation.Wherein θ is phase angle, and L is length, and A is the cross-sectional area that electric current passes through,
ρ is resistivity.
Z=R+jXc
Use the volume V of the body composition of Bioelectrical impedance analysisb, can be calculated by following equation.
It can be used for biological impedance there are two types of mode, two electrodes and four electrodes be respectively adopted.Bipolar electrode method is from phase
Signal is inputted and received with electrode, and the input and receiving of signal are completed by a pair of electrodes respectively in four electrode method.Such as Fig. 6 institute
Show.
The function and workflow of software and hardware will be introduced respectively below.
1, AD5933 workflow and register functions
AD5933 impedance transducer issues sinusoidal excitation by voltage output pin VOUT, and pumping signal passes through product to be tested,
After amplification filtering and digital analog converter sampling, start DFT conversion, final impedance value needs calculating by master control borad
Out.Sinusoidal scanning signal is generated from direct digital synthesiser (DDS), during being completed to analog-to-digital conversion, the choosing of calibrating resistance R
It takes and determines input voltage value, PGA gain can be arranged by software, be set as PGA × 1 here.Input the voltage of converter
Calculation formula is as follows:
VAD=Vout×(R/Z)×PGA
Voltage value VAD, can not be too small no more than the maximum voltage of converter, this is that converter work is online
Property amplification obtain guarantee.DFT calculating can be carried out during each scan frequency point, wherein X (f) is energy of the signal in Frequency point
Amount, x (n) are ADC output, and cos (n) and sin (n) are the sampling test vectors for the Frequency point f that DDS kernel provides.As a result distinguish
It is stored in real value and its calculation formula of dummy values register such as following formula, workflow is as shown in Figure 7.
The register of AD5933 impedance transducer mainly has 8 classes, is control register, initial frequency register, frequency respectively
Rate increment register, incremental number register, settling time periodicity register, status register, temperature data register, real value
With dummy values register.Their address and function is as shown in table 1.It is posted in the design by using control register, initial frequency
Storage, status register, real value and dummy values register complete impedance measurement.
16 control registers (register address 0x80 and 0x81) be used for AD5933 control, execute frequency scanning,
The functions such as section device are closed, 2~table 4 is shown in Table.
Initial frequency register (register address 0x82,0x83,0x84) is 24 frequency initial sweep point numbers.Example
Such as use 30kHz that the hexadecimal value in initial frequency register need to be written using 16MHz clock as initial sweep frequency
See below formula:
Register 0x82 need to be written in value 0x0F, register 0x83 is written into value 0x5C, register is written into value 0x28
0x84。
For status register (register address 0x8F) for determining whether corresponding function is completed, what is used here is D1 data
Position is set to 1 when AD5933 completes impedance measurement, indicates that real value and dummy values have stored in register.Receiving starting frequency
This data is also to reset after rate scanning and repositioning information, is specifically shown in Table 5.
16 real values and dummy values register (register address 0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97) are only in status register
It is just effective when D1 Data Position 1, indicate that current Frequency point is effective.
2, impedance computation
It first has to calculate DFT amplitude, calculation formula is as follows, and R is stored in the real number in register 0x94 and 0x95, and I is
The imaginary number being stored in 0x96 and 0x97.
Gain coefficient is calculated by connecing the known impedance between VIN and VOUT, by DFT amplitude multiplied by gain coefficient side
The impedance can be found out.
3, AD5933 reads function
Since the design relates only to the read functions of AD5933, therefore mainly introduces AD5933 and receive byte function.?
In AD5933, receives byte protocol and be used to read single byte of data from a register address, which, which has passed through, sets
Set address pointer and practical work is first arranged.In this operation, host receives a byte by slave, and command sequence is as shown in Figure 8.
(1) host is in SDA superset initial conditions.
(2) host sends 7 slave addresses and reads position (height).
(3) slave with appropriate address is in SDA superset response.
(4) host receives one data word section.
(5) host does not reply (slave needs to check whether host receives data) in SDA superset.
(6) host is in SDA superset stop condition, and processing terminate.
4, master control borad programming
Programming, the language used and C language and C++ class are carried out seemingly using the IDE that Arduino is carried, and user does not have to
Understand its circuit theory in depth, it is only necessary to which programming can be completed by being written and read for register.
(1) initialization program
This program needs that scan frequency is arranged in advance, calculates the gain coefficient of impedance according to the PGA gain of selection, and leads to
It crosses I2C agreement and AD5933 impedance transducer suggests data connection.Arduino included library<Wire.h>contains I2C agreement
Establish program, can directly quote Wire.begin () function.Initializing set is by Setup () letter in main () function
Number is realized, primary, computing impedance gain coefficient, subsequently into loop body need to be only executed when powering on.Program resets first
AD5933, if program is currently running, can interrupt scanning, but not cover preliminary sweep frequency register content, but need
Initialization scan frequency order frequency scans to restart.
Setup () function is first carried out once in each measurement Shi Douhui that starts, to obtain the initial of entire measurement process
It is worth and carries out impedance calibration, gets information about for convenience of debugging and in the detection circumstance of initialization, what each needs initialized
Step is all made of judgement sentence, if initialization failure, direct interrupt routine.Its flow chart is as shown in Figure 4.
This planning of experiments uses 10kHz sample frequency, and clock is 16MHz, and after following formula calculates, value 0x05 write-in is posted
Storage 0x82, is written register 0x83 for value 0x1E, and register 0x84 is written in value 0XB8.
Data after AD5933 is sampled and does DFT calculating are stored in real value and dummy values register, can pass through master control
Plate reads the data of the two registers, and final impedance value is calculated according to impedance gain coefficient, impedance gain coefficient
Calculation method is as follows:
Assuming that the calibration impedance value Z of accessCalibration=200k Ω requires to be calibrated before starting measurement every time,
Different calibration impedance accesses will calculate different impedance gain coefficients.Setting PGA gain=× 1, Current Voltage amplification
Device gain resistor=200k Ω, scan frequency 30kHz pass through real value and dummy values register after the DFT of AD5933 is calculated
The content of reading are as follows: real value register 0xF064=-3996 (decimal system)；Dummy values register 0x227E=+8830 (decimal system).
Then:
(2) impedance computation program
The calculating of the design middle impedance value is completed in Loop () function, and program enters circulation after completing initialization process
Body program, until power-off.The real value and dummy values obtained after reading DFT transform in the real value of AD5933 and dummy values register, into
After line amplitude calculates, practical survey can be calculated according to the impedance gain coefficient that external calibrating resistance obtains in Setup () function
The impedance value of amount.Impedance value is obtained every time to require to be compared with default impedance value, when measured value is less than or equal to preset value,
Show that bladder capacity has reached preset capacity (subject person of being subject to experiences bladder capacity when obvious urination desire).Program
Process is as shown in Figure 5.
The measurement impedance computation formula of the Frequency point are as follows:
Test result:
3 urination cycles are continuously monitored using impedance measurement system, and (with bladder drained of urine state to begin, subject person is experienced
Urination is a measurement period after to obvious urine intention), impedance data of every five minutes records.For verifying when impedance value rises it
The influence whether impedance variations (usually between 100 Ω to 200 Ω) of bladder will receive measurement error afterwards, concatenates a calibration
For the resistance of 20k Ω, measuring actual value is 19.978k Ω, and subtracting concatenation impedance value again later can be obtained practical bladder impedance value.
Design philosophy of the invention is to replace bladder capacity as measurement target using bladder impedance, it is thus necessary to determine that one opposite
Accurate impedance threshold prompts testee's urination as detection signal.The measurement result of impedance measurement system as shown in figure 9, by
People is surveyed respectively at the 105th minute, 245 minutes, experiences within 385 minutes obvious urination desire.
It keeps electrode position constant, continues to monitor after urination, obtain continuous impedance value.Image is observed, discovery is when tested
When people's urination desire gradually becomes strong, the change rate of bladder impedance is gradually decreased, and impedance value all occurs significantly after urination every time
Rise (> 100 Ω), and finds that impedance value immediately begins to decline in detection later.Impedance value reaches after rising after urination every time
To value be all not quite similar, there are several to more than ten ohm of difference, the numerical value of the difference before and after urination impedance value change
Within 10%, thus it is speculated that be due to being influenced there is also caused by less urine left, or by measurement error in bladder after urination.
Cause to jump in synchronization measured value to exclude movement and the variation of body posture of body, the author does
Confirmatory experiment, first measuring a certain moment bladder impedance value is 21.423k Ω, removes conducting wire later, keeps electrode position not
Become, walks about in the room 30 seconds, and measured with identical body posture, measure impedance value；Then change sitting posture (volume abdomen),
Impedance value is measured, compare this 3 measurement result discoveries: bladder impedance value hardly happens change after subject person move on a small quantity
Change；And a small amount of variation has occurred when subject person obtains when body posture changes, variation range is between the Ω of 0 Ω~15.Therefore exclude because
The impedance measurement error of a small amount of movement and generation.With the mean value of the last one impedance value measured before three urinations for critical resistance
Anti-, setting urination early warning, value is that 21.340k Ω (subtracts the 19.978k Ω resistance of concatenation, obtaining critical impedance is 1.362k
Ω), 21.340k Ω is added in software design as pre-warning signal, selection tests identical subject person with a upper section, works as resistance
Resist and interrupt measurement when dropping to the critical impedance value, issue warning information, subject person also has obvious desire of urinating at this time.
It can be found that it is smaller and smaller in the bladder change in impedance value rate for the obvious urination desire moment occur close to subject person, if
The impedance critical value (21.336k Ω) obtained using first measurement period is as impedance threshold, then second measurement week
In phase, bladder impedance and not up to impedance threshold when urination desire occurs in subject person, although there is the reason of this result
The subjective change for urinating desire, the measurement error of impedance detection system or subject person body posture that may be subject person can also
The period critical impedance measured value can be caused bigger than normal.Therefore suggest choosing value bigger than normal in the setting of impedance threshold, to make up
This error can regard the mean value of 3 critical impedance values as impedance threshold plus 10 Ω (+10 Ω of 21.340k Ω).
1 register address of table and function
Table 2 controls register data bit function (D15 to D12)
| D15 | D14 | D13 | D12 | Function |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Without operation |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | It is initialized with initial frequency |
| 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | Initiation culture scanning |
| 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | Increasing frequency |
| 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Repetition rate |
| 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Without operation |
| 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | Measure temperature |
| 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | Battery saving mode |
| 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | Standby mode |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Without operation |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | Without operation |
Table 3 controls register data bit function (D10 to D9)
| D10 | D9 | Range number | Output voltage range |
| 0 | 0 | 1 | Representative value 2.0V p-p |
| 0 | 1 | 4 | Representative value 200mV p-p |
| 1 | 0 | 3 | Representative value 400V p-p |
| 1 | 1 | 2 | Representative value 1.0V p-p |
Table 4 controls register data bit function (D11, D8 to D0)
| Position | Description |
| D11 | Without operation |
| D8 | PGA gain；0=× 5,1=× 1 |
| D7 | Retain, sets 0 |
| D6 | Retain, sets 0 |
| D5 | Retain, sets 0 |
| D4 | It resets |
| D3 | External system clock sets 1 |
| D2 | Internal system time clock sets 0 |
| D1 | Retain, sets 0 |
| D0 | Retain, sets 0 |
5 status register data position state of table
| Control word | Function |
| 0000 0001 | Temperature measurement is effective |
| 0000 0010 | Real value/dummy values are effective |
| 0000 0100 | Frequency scanning is completed |
| 0000 1000 | Retain |
| 0001 0000 | Retain |
| 0010 0000 | Retain |
| 0100 0000 | Retain |
| 1000 0000 | Retain |
。
Claims (6)
1. a kind of wearing non-intrusion type bladder capacity monitoring alarm characterized by comprising bladder bio-electrical impedance
Monitor the upper seat in the plane of acquisition device and real-time display；Wherein, the monitoring acquisition device of the bladder bio-electrical impedance is for real-time
Continuous acquisition patient's bladder bio-impedance judges whether patient reaches bladder capacity threshold value, including disposable electrode, conducting wire,
AD5933 impedance transducer, Arduino Uno R3 control and transmission mainboard；AD5933 impedance transducer passes through conducting wire and one
The impedance information of secondary property electrode acquisition external loading, and data are transmitted by I2C agreement and Arduino Uno R3 mainboard；Pass through
The available final impedance value of control is programmed to master control borad, and realizes the monitoring and alarm of bladder capacity；The upper machine
The setting of impedance calibration and impedance threshold is completed for real-time, continuous monitoring bladder impedance value in position.
2. wearing non-intrusion type bladder capacity monitoring alarm according to claim 1, which is characterized in that based on biology
Impedance analysis principle, the electrode by being fixed on body surface inputs a small current or voltage into target object, according to anti-
Feedback signal detects the electrical impedance and its variation of the target object.
3. wearing non-intrusion type bladder capacity monitoring alarm according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described
AD5933 impedance transducer is used for impedance measurement, and this measurement is a kind of hard measurement, i.e., is difficult in variable to be measured measured directly
In the case of, the measurement of associated easy survey variable is carried out, and according to the easy mathematical relationship surveyed between variable and variable to be measured, build
Vertical mathematical model realizes the measurement of variable to be measured with various mathematical computations and estimation method；AD5933 impedance transducer, piece
The analog-digital converter (ADC) of upper integrated frequency generator and 12,1MSPS；It is motivated by the signal of frequency generator generation outer
The response signal of section load impedance, external impedance is sampled by piece ADC, then carries out DFT processing by piece DSP；DFT is calculated
Method returns to real part (R) data word and imaginary part (I) data word on each frequency；Each scan frequency is calculated after calibration
The impedance amplitude and relative phase of point；It calculates and is completed outside piece using real and imaginary parts content of registers, content of registers is from string
Row I2C interface is read；The data in each register of AD5933 are read by master control borad, realize to include that impedance information is extracted, hindered
Anti- gain calculates, frequency scans function；Its impedance measurement range is between 1k Ω to 10M Ω；Impedance measurement error less than 0.1%,
Phase absolute error is less than 0.7 °.
4. wearing non-intrusion type bladder capacity monitoring alarm according to claim 1,2 or 3, which is characterized in that institute
State AD5933 impedance transducer by I2C agreement be connected with master control borad realization data exchange；It is serial by supporting to control AD5933
The I2C bus of interface protocol is completed, and AD5933 is connected in bus as the slave equipment by main control device control.
5. wearing non-intrusion type bladder capacity monitoring alarm according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the control
Mainboard is provided with control program, for complete frequency scanning setting, impedance gain calculating, real impedance values calculating, real-time display,
Alarm various functions；The number in real value and dummy values register is stored in after AD5933 impedance transducer DFT transform according to school
Quasi- resistance is converted into actual impedance value, and is also to be completed compared with threshold resistance by the control program in master control borad.
6. wearing non-intrusion type bladder capacity monitoring alarm according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the control
The control program of mainboard processed, including following Processing Algorithm:
(1) initialization program Setup ()
Preset scan frequency, calculate the gain coefficient of impedance according to the PGA gain of selection, and by I2C agreement with
AD5933 impedance transducer suggests data connection；What Arduino included library<Wire.h>contained I2C agreement establishes program,
Wire.begin () function can directly be quoted；Initializing set is by Setup () the function realization in main () function, only
Primary, computing impedance gain coefficient, subsequently into loop body need to be executed when powering on；Program resets AD5933 first, if journey
Sequence is currently running, then interrupt scanning, will not cover preliminary sweep frequency register content, but need initialization scan frequency order
To restart frequency scanning；
Setup () function every time start measure Shi Douhui be first carried out once, with obtain entire measurement process initial value and
The step of progress impedance calibration gets information about for convenience of debugging and in the detection circumstance of initialization, each initialization is adopted
With sentence is judged, if initialization failure, direct interrupt routine；
(2) impedance computation program Loop ()
The calculating of impedance value is completed in Loop () function, and program enters loop body program after completing initialization process, until
Power-off；From the real value and dummy values obtained after DFT transform is read in the real value of AD5933 and dummy values register, amplitude calculating is carried out
Afterwards, the impedance value of actual measurement is calculated according to the impedance gain coefficient that external calibrating resistance obtains in Setup () function；
It obtains impedance value every time to be all compared with default impedance value, when measured value is less than or equal to preset value, shows bladder capacity
Through having reached preset capacity；
The measurement impedance computation formula of the Frequency point are as follows:。
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113081499A (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2021-07-09 | 百润(中国)有限公司 | Intelligent nursing adult diaper |
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