CN110149043B - Pump-up voltage detection and discharge circuit - Google Patents
Pump-up voltage detection and discharge circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN110149043B CN110149043B CN201910421418.2A CN201910421418A CN110149043B CN 110149043 B CN110149043 B CN 110149043B CN 201910421418 A CN201910421418 A CN 201910421418A CN 110149043 B CN110149043 B CN 110149043B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
- H02M1/322—Means for rapidly discharging a capacitor of the converter for protecting electrical components or for preventing electrical shock
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pump-up voltage detection and discharge circuit, which changes the conventional pump-up voltage detection and discharge circuit and designs a novel pump-up voltage detection and discharge circuit, wherein the circuit can stably and quickly detect the power voltage and can filter unstable interference in a power supply, and an AD conversion chip transmits a voltage signal to a single chip microcomputer and controls the single chip microcomputer to output a PWM signal to control the MOS tube to be switched off, so that the pump-up voltage is quickly discharged, and the stability of the conventional pump-up voltage detection and discharge circuit is greatly enhanced. The invention relates to a pump-generated voltage detection and discharge circuit which comprises a single chip microcomputer U4, a voltage sampling circuit, an optical coupling isolation circuit and a voltage discharge circuit. The circuit has the characteristics of high voltage sampling precision, high long-time working stability, simple circuit structure, isolation function and simple circuit maintenance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a pump-up voltage detection and discharge circuit, which is mainly used for detecting and discharging pump-up voltage generated by sudden stop or reversal of a motor of an electric forklift powered by a storage battery.
Background
In a variable-frequency speed regulation system, when a motor suddenly stops suddenly or rotates reversely, the motor is in a regenerative braking state, electric energy regenerated by the motor is subjected to full-wave rectification by a freewheeling diode and then fed back to a direct-current circuit, the electric energy cannot be fed back to a power grid, the direct-current voltage at two ends of a filter capacitor is increased, namely, a pumping voltage is generated, the safe operation of the motor can be seriously threatened, and the permanent damage of a power device can be caused.
The pump-up voltage is inevitably generated in the braking process of the motor, the traditional processing method is composed of a voltage sampling circuit, a Schmidt comparator and a driving circuit, and the pump-up voltage has the following defects: 1. the Schmitt comparator circuit is too complex, and the upper and lower threshold voltages of the Schmitt comparator circuit need to be obtained through complicated calculation; 2. the whole circuit is not isolated from the pump-generated voltage, so that the pump-generated voltage can interfere with the whole circuit; 3. the drive circuit can only control the complete conduction and the disconnection of the MOS tube, and can not control the partial conduction and the disconnection of the MOS tube.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to change a conventional pump-up voltage detection and discharge circuit, and designs a novel pump-up voltage detection and discharge circuit which can stably and quickly detect the power voltage, can filter unstable interference in a power supply, transmits a voltage signal to a single chip microcomputer through an AD conversion chip and controls the single chip microcomputer to output a PWM signal to control the MOS tube to be switched on and off, so that the pump-up voltage is quickly discharged, and the stability of the conventional pump-up voltage detection and discharge circuit is greatly enhanced.
The invention relates to a pump-generated voltage detection and discharge circuit, which comprises a single chip microcomputer U4, a voltage sampling circuit, an optical coupling isolation circuit and a voltage discharge circuit; the model of the singlechip U4 is STM32F103C8T 6;
the voltage sampling circuit comprises an operational amplifier U3, a voltage sampling chip U2, a first voltage-dividing resistor R8, a second voltage-dividing resistor R9, an impedance matching resistor R7, a first filter capacitor C1 and a second diode D2.
One end of the first voltage-dividing resistor R8 is connected to the power supply VBUS and the cathode of the second diode D2, the other end of the first voltage-dividing resistor R8 is connected to the second voltage-dividing resistor R9 and the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U3, and the other end of the second voltage-dividing resistor R9 is connected to the ground AGND and the anode of the second diode D2; the positive power supply end of the operational amplifier U3 is connected with a power supply VCC, the negative power supply end is connected with AGND, and the inverting input end is connected with the output end; one end of an impedance matching resistor R7 is connected with the output end of an operational amplifier U3, the other end of the impedance matching resistor R is connected with one end of a first filter capacitor C1 and the positive phase input end of an AD sampling chip U2, the other end of the first filter capacitor C1 is connected with ground AGND, the positive power end of the AD sampling chip is connected with a power supply 5V, the negative power end and the reverse phase input end are connected with ground AGND, the reference voltage input end is connected with a power supply REF, the clock signal input end is connected with a 16 pin of an optical coupling isolation chip U1, the chip selection signal input end is connected with a 14 pin of an optical coupling isolation chip U1, and the voltage signal output end.
The optical coupling isolation circuit comprises an optical coupling isolation chip U1, a fast optical coupling isolation chip U5, a first pull-up resistor R1, a second pull-up resistor R2, a third pull-up resistor R3, a fourth pull-up resistor R4, a fifth pull-up resistor R5, a sixth pull-up resistor R6, an eleventh pull-up resistor R11, a tenth current-limiting resistor R10, a twelfth current-limiting resistor R12, a thirteenth voltage-dividing resistor R13, a fourteenth voltage-dividing resistor R14, a first diode D1, a third diode NPN D3, a fourth diode D4 and a triode Q1. The model of the optical coupling isolation chip U1 is: TLP290-4, the model of the fast optocoupler isolation chip U5 is: HCPL-3120.
One end of a fourth pull-up resistor R4 is connected with a power supply 5V, the other end of the fourth pull-up resistor R4 is connected with a 16 pin of the optical coupling isolation chip U1, one end of a fifth pull-up resistor R5 is connected with the power supply 5V, the other end of the fifth pull-up resistor R5 is connected with a 14 pin of the optical coupling isolation chip U1, one end of a sixth pull-up resistor R6 is connected with the power supply 5V, and the other end of the sixth pull-up resistor R6 is connected with a 5 pin; one end of a first pull-up resistor R1 is connected with a power supply 3.3V and the cathode of a first diode D1, the other end of the first pull-up resistor R2 is connected with a pin 1 of an optical coupling isolation chip U1, one end of a second pull-up resistor R2 is connected with the power supply 3.3V and the cathode of the first diode D1, the other end of the second pull-up resistor R1 is connected with a pin 3 of the optical coupling isolation chip U1, one end of a third pull-up resistor R3 is connected with the power supply 3.3V and the cathode of the first diode D1, the other end of the third pull-up resistor R3 is connected with a pin 12 of the optical coupling isolation chip U1 and a pin PA7 of the single chip microcomputer, the anode of the first diode D1 is connected with a ground DGND and a pin 11 of the optical coupling isolation chip U1, a pin 13 and a pin 15 of the optical coupling isolation chip U1 are connected with a ground AGND, a pin 2 is connected; one end of an eleventh pull-up resistor R11 is connected with a pin 2 of the optocoupler isolation chip U5, the other end of the eleventh pull-up resistor R11 is connected with a power supply 3.3V and one end of a tenth current-limiting resistor R10, the other end of the tenth current-limiting resistor R10 is connected with the anode of a third light-emitting diode D3, the cathode of the third light-emitting diode D3 is connected with a pin 3 of the optocoupler isolation chip U5 and the collector of a triode Q1, the emitter of the triode Q1 is connected with the ground DGND, the base of the triode Q1 is connected with one end of a twelfth current-limiting resistor R12, and the other end of the twelfth current-limiting resistor R12 is connected with a pin; an anode of the fourth diode D4 is connected with a power supply VCC, a cathode is connected with an 8 pin of the optocoupler isolation chip U5, pins 6 and 7 of the optocoupler isolation chip U5 are connected and connected with one end of a thirteenth voltage-dividing resistor R13, the other end of the thirteenth voltage-dividing resistor R13 is connected with one end of a fourteenth voltage-dividing resistor R14, and the other end of the fourteenth voltage-dividing resistor R14 is connected with a 5 pin of the optocoupler isolation chip U5 and a ground DGND; 1 pin and 4 pins of the optical coupling isolation chip U5 are overhead;
the bleeder circuit comprises a bleeder resistor R15, a second filter capacitor C2, a fifth diode D5, a double diode D6 and a MOS transistor Q2.
One end of the second filter capacitor C2 is connected to the anode of the fifth diode D5, the source of the MOS transistor Q2, and the ground AGND, the other end is connected to the cathode of the fifth diode D5, the gate of the MOS transistor Q2, and the other end of the thirteenth voltage-dividing resistor R13, the drain of the MOS transistor Q2 is connected to the anode of the double diode D6 and one end of the bleeder resistor R15, and the other end of the bleeder resistor R15 is connected to the cathode of the double diode D6 and the power supply VBUS.
According to the invention, voltage sampling is carried out by two precise resistors, the divided voltage is input into the voltage follower, the voltage follower can improve input impedance, the anti-interference capability is improved, the output impedance of a signal source is reduced, the AD conversion precision is ensured, the output of the voltage follower is connected to the positive phase input end of an AD conversion chip, the chip adopts SPI communication, the singlechip sends a communication signal to the AD conversion chip through an optical coupling isolation chip, so that the AD conversion chip is controlled to transmit the sampled voltage value back to the singlechip, and according to the obtained sampled voltage value, the singlechip is controlled to output PWM signals with different duty ratios to control partial conduction of an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube, so that the pumped voltage is discharged. The circuit has the characteristics of high voltage sampling precision, high long-time working stability, simple circuit structure, isolation function and simple circuit maintenance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of the present invention;
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the invention comprises a single chip microcomputer U4, a voltage sampling circuit, an optical coupling isolation circuit and a voltage relief circuit; the model of the singlechip U4 is STM32F103C8T 6;
the voltage sampling circuit comprises an operational amplifier U3, a voltage sampling chip U2, voltage division resistors R8 and R9, an impedance matching resistor R7, a filter capacitor C1 and a diode D2.
Wherein, one end of a voltage dividing resistor R8 is connected with a power supply VBUS and the cathode of a diode D2, the other end of the voltage dividing resistor R8 is connected with a voltage dividing resistor R9 and the positive phase input end of an operational amplifier U3, the other end of the voltage dividing resistor R9 is connected with the ground AGND and the anode of a diode D2, the positive power end of the operational amplifier U3 is connected with a power supply VCC, the negative power end is connected with the ground AGND, the reverse phase input end is connected with the output end, one end of an impedance matching resistor R7 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U3, the other end is connected with a filter capacitor C1 and the positive phase input end of an AD sampling chip U2, the other end of a filter capacitor C1 is connected with the ground AGND, the positive power end of the AD sampling chip is connected with the power supply 5V, the negative power end is connected with the reverse phase input end which is connected with the ground AGND, the reference voltage, and the voltage signal output end is connected with the 6 pins of the optical coupling isolation chip U1.
The optical coupling isolation circuit comprises an optical coupling isolation chip U1, a quick optical coupling isolation chip U5, pull-up resistors R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R11, current-limiting resistors R10 and R12, voltage-dividing resistors R13 and R14, diodes D1, D3 and D4, and an NPN triode Q1.
Wherein one end of R4 is connected with 5V of power supply, another end is connected with 16 pins of the optical coupling isolation chip U1, one end of R5 is connected with 5V of power supply, another end is connected with 14 pins of the optical coupling isolation chip U1, one end of R6 is connected with 5V of power supply, another end is connected with 5 pins of the optical coupling isolation chip U1, one end of R1 is connected with 3.3V of power supply and cathode of diode D1, another end is connected with 1 pin of the optical coupling isolation chip U1, one end of R2 is connected with 3.3V of power supply and cathode of diode D1, another end is connected with 3 pins of the optical coupling isolation chip U1, one end of R3 is connected with 3.3V of power supply and cathode of diode D1, another end is connected with 12 pins of the optical coupling isolation chip U1 and PA DG 7 pins of the single chip, anode of diode D1 is connected with ground ND and 11 pins of the optical coupling isolation chip U1, 13 and 15 pins of the optical coupling isolation chip U1 are connected with, the 2 pin is connected with a PA9 pin of the singlechip, the 3 pin is connected with a PA8 pin of the singlechip, one end of an R11 pin is connected with a 2 pin of an optical coupling isolation chip U5, the other end of the R11 pin is connected with a power supply 3.3V, R10, the other end of the R10 pin is connected with an anode of a light-emitting diode D3, a cathode of the light-emitting diode D3 pin is connected with a 3 pin of the optical coupling isolation chip U5 and a collector of a triode Q1, an emitter of a triode Q1 is connected with a ground DGND, a base of a triode Q1 is connected with a resistor R12, the other end of the R12 pin is connected with a PA6 pin of the singlechip, an anode of a diode D4 pin is connected with a power supply VCC, a cathode is connected with an 8 pin of the optical coupling isolation chip U5, a6 pin and a7 pin of the optical coupling isolation chip are connected with one end of R13, the other end of.
The bleeder circuit comprises a resistor R15, a capacitor C2, a diode D5, a double diode D6 and a MOS transistor Q1.
One end of the C4 is connected to the anode of the diode D5, the source of the MOS transistor Q1, and ground AGND, the other end is connected to the cathode of the diode D5, the gate of the MOS transistor D5, and the common end of R13 and R14, the drain of the MOS transistor Q1 is connected to the anode of the double diode D6 and the bleeder resistor R15, and the other end of the bleeder circuit is connected to the cathode of the double diode D6 and the power supply VBUS.
The working process is as follows:
in the invention, the diodes D1 and D2 mainly play a role in protection and prevent the reverse connection of the power supply. The voltage sampling carries out the partial pressure through two precision resistance, voltage input after will dividing is to the voltage follower in, the voltage follower can improve input impedance, increase the interference killing feature, reduce the output impedance of signal source, the purpose is in order not to increase sampling time, guarantee AD conversion precision, the normal phase input end to AD conversion chip is connected into with the output of voltage follower again, AD conversion chip's reference voltage adopts 2.5V, the reverse phase input end is then ground AGND, this chip adopts SPI communication, the singlechip is through opto-coupler isolation chip for AD conversion chip send communication signal, thereby control AD conversion chip for the voltage value of singlechip passback sampling, according to the sampling voltage value that obtains, the part that the control singlechip exported different duty ratio PWM signal and controlled the MOS pipe switches on, thereby discharge pumping voltage. The light emitting diode D3 mainly plays a role in signal indication, the single chip microcomputer outputs PWM signals with different duty ratios, and the brightness of the D3 also changes obviously. The parallel connection of R14 and C2 can enhance the anti-interference capability of the circuit, and the voltage regulator tube D5 is used for preventing the grid voltage of the MOS tube Q1 from exceeding the upper limit value. The circuit has the characteristics of high voltage sampling precision, high long-time working stability, simple circuit structure, isolation function and simple circuit maintenance.
Claims (1)
1. A pump-up voltage detection and discharge circuit comprises a single chip microcomputer U4, a voltage sampling circuit, an optical coupling isolation circuit and a voltage discharge circuit; the model of the singlechip U4 is STM32F103C8T 6; the method is characterized in that:
the voltage sampling circuit comprises an operational amplifier U3, a voltage sampling chip U2, a first voltage-dividing resistor R8, a second voltage-dividing resistor R9, an impedance matching resistor R7, a first filter capacitor C1 and a second diode D2;
one end of the first voltage-dividing resistor R8 is connected to the power supply VBUS and the cathode of the second diode D2, the other end of the first voltage-dividing resistor R8 is connected to one end of the second voltage-dividing resistor R9 and the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U3, and the other end of the second voltage-dividing resistor R9 is connected to ground AGND and the anode of the second diode D2; the positive power supply end of the operational amplifier U3 is connected with a power supply VCC, the negative power supply end is connected with AGND, and the inverting input end is connected with the output end; one end of an impedance matching resistor R7 is connected with the output end of an operational amplifier U3, the other end of the impedance matching resistor R7 is connected with one end of a first filter capacitor C1 and the positive phase input end of a voltage sampling chip U2, the other end of the first filter capacitor C1 is connected with ground AGND, the positive power end of the voltage sampling chip U2 is connected with a power supply 5V, the negative power end and the reverse phase input end are connected with ground AGND, the reference voltage input end is connected with a power supply REF, the clock signal input end is connected with a pin 16 of an optical coupling isolation chip U1, the chip selection signal input end is connected with a pin 14 of the optical coupling isolation chip U1, and the voltage signal;
the optical coupling isolation circuit comprises an optical coupling isolation chip U1, a quick optical coupling isolation chip U5, a first pull-up resistor R1, a second pull-up resistor R2, a third pull-up resistor R3, a fourth pull-up resistor R4, a fifth pull-up resistor R5, a sixth pull-up resistor R6, an eleventh pull-up resistor R11, a tenth current-limiting resistor R10, a twelfth current-limiting resistor R12, a thirteenth voltage-dividing resistor R13, a fourteenth voltage-dividing resistor R14, a first diode D1, a third light-emitting diode NPN D3, a fourth diode D4 and a triode Q1; the model of the optical coupling isolation chip U1 is: TLP290-4, the model of the fast optocoupler isolation chip U5 is: HCPL-3120;
one end of a fourth pull-up resistor R4 is connected with a power supply 5V, the other end of the fourth pull-up resistor R4 is connected with a 16 pin of the optical coupling isolation chip U1, one end of a fifth pull-up resistor R5 is connected with the power supply 5V, the other end of the fifth pull-up resistor R5 is connected with a 14 pin of the optical coupling isolation chip U1, one end of a sixth pull-up resistor R6 is connected with the power supply 5V, and the other end of the sixth pull-up resistor R6 is connected with a 5 pin; one end of a first pull-up resistor R1 is connected with a power supply 3.3V and the cathode of a first diode D1, the other end of the first pull-up resistor R1 is connected with a pin 1 of an optical coupling isolation chip U1, one end of a second pull-up resistor R2 is connected with the power supply 3.3V and the cathode of a first diode D1, the other end of the second pull-up resistor R2 is connected with a pin 3 of the optical coupling isolation chip U1, one end of a third pull-up resistor R3 is connected with the power supply 3.3V and the cathode of a first diode D1, the other end of the third pull-up resistor R3 is connected with a pin 12 of the optical coupling isolation chip U1 and a pin PA7 of a singlechip U4, the anode of the first diode D1 is connected with a ground DGND and a pin 11 of the optical coupling isolation chip U1, a pin 13 and a pin 15 of the optical coupling isolation chip U38 are connected with a ground AGND, a pin 2 is connected with a pin 9 of the singlechip U; one end of an eleventh pull-up resistor R11 is connected with a pin 2 of the optocoupler isolation chip U5, the other end of the eleventh pull-up resistor R11 is connected with a power supply 3.3V, and one end of a tenth current-limiting resistor R10, the other end of the tenth current-limiting resistor R10 is connected with an anode of a third light-emitting diode D3, a cathode of the third light-emitting diode D3 is connected with a pin 3 of the optocoupler isolation chip U5 and a collector of an NPN triode Q1, an emitter of the NPN triode Q1 is connected with a ground DGND, a base of the NPN triode Q1 is connected with one end of a twelfth current-limiting resistor R12, and the other end of the twelfth current-limiting resistor R12 is connected with a; an anode of the fourth diode D4 is connected with a power supply VCC, a cathode is connected with an 8 pin of the optocoupler isolation chip U5, pins 6 and 7 of the optocoupler isolation chip U5 are connected and connected with one end of a thirteenth voltage-dividing resistor R13, the other end of the thirteenth voltage-dividing resistor R13 is connected with one end of a fourteenth voltage-dividing resistor R14, and the other end of the fourteenth voltage-dividing resistor R14 is connected with a 5 pin of the optocoupler isolation chip U5 and a ground DGND; 1 pin and 4 pins of the optical coupling isolation chip U5 are overhead;
the bleeder circuit comprises a bleeder resistor R15, a second filter capacitor C2, a fifth diode D5, a double diode D6 and a MOS transistor Q2;
one end of the second filter capacitor C2 is connected to the anode of the fifth diode D5, the source of the MOS transistor Q2, and the ground AGND, the other end is connected to the cathode of the fifth diode D5, the gate of the MOS transistor Q2, and the other end of the thirteenth voltage-dividing resistor R13, the drain of the MOS transistor Q2 is connected to the anode of the double diode D6 and one end of the bleeder resistor R15, and the other end of the bleeder resistor R15 is connected to the cathode of the double diode D6 and the power supply VBUS.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910421418.2A CN110149043B (en) | 2019-05-21 | 2019-05-21 | Pump-up voltage detection and discharge circuit |
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| CN201910421418.2A CN110149043B (en) | 2019-05-21 | 2019-05-21 | Pump-up voltage detection and discharge circuit |
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| CN110149043A CN110149043A (en) | 2019-08-20 |
| CN110149043B true CN110149043B (en) | 2020-05-26 |
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| CN110568799A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2019-12-13 | 山东米科思机械设备有限公司 | Intelligent oiling circuit board of oil-free sealing stirrer |
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