CN110145407B - Device based on ship diesel engine waste heat power generation and sea water desalination - Google Patents
Device based on ship diesel engine waste heat power generation and sea water desalination Download PDFInfo
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- CN110145407B CN110145407B CN201910469759.7A CN201910469759A CN110145407B CN 110145407 B CN110145407 B CN 110145407B CN 201910469759 A CN201910469759 A CN 201910469759A CN 110145407 B CN110145407 B CN 110145407B
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- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 148
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N alstonine Natural products C1=CC2=C3C=CC=CC3=NC2=C2N1C[C@H]1[C@H](C)OC=C(C(=O)OC)[C@H]1C2 WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010819 recyclable waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011555 saturated liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013526 supercooled liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/043—Details
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/16—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using waste heat from other processes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
- F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G5/00—Profiting from waste heat of combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of marine diesel engines, in particular to a device for generating power based on waste heat of a marine diesel engine and desalting seawater. The apparatus of the present application comprises: the waste heat generator set comprises an expander, a generator, a condenser, a working medium pump, a gas temperature regulator and an evaporator; the seawater desalination unit comprises a multi-heat-source heat exchanger and a distilled seawater desalination device; the system comprises a gas temperature regulator, a booster air pipeline, an evaporator, a jacket cooling water pipeline and an evaporation coil pipeline, wherein the booster air pipeline of the ship diesel engine is connected with a second input end pipeline of the gas temperature regulator, a flue gas pipeline of the ship diesel engine is connected with a second input end pipeline of the evaporator, and the jacket cooling water of the ship diesel engine is connected with the evaporation coil pipeline of the distilled seawater desalting device. This application can the recoverable three kinds of waste heat sources of make full use of boats and ships diesel engine, this application divides twice, and the flue gas waste heat and the pressurized air waste heat of step nature utilization boats and ships diesel engine improve boats and ships diesel engine's waste heat utilization efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of marine diesel engines, in particular to a device for generating power based on waste heat of a marine diesel engine and desalting seawater.
Background
Based on the current large-scale ship diesel engine, the ship diesel engine usually only utilizes less than half of the input energy, and the energy not utilized by the ship diesel engine comprises: the energy of the flue gas, the energy of the pressurized air and the energy of the jacket cylinder cooling water, so the energy left by the marine diesel engine is taken away by the discharged flue gas, the jacket cylinder cooling water and the pressurized air, which not only causes huge energy waste, but also causes thermal pollution to the environment. If the three parts of waste heat can be recovered, the utilization rate of fuel oil can be improved, and the current green concept of energy conservation and emission reduction is responded.
At present, no device and method for comprehensively utilizing waste heat of flue gas, pressurized air and sleeve cylinder cooling water exist, and heat of a diesel engine is wasted.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a device based on ship diesel engine waste heat power generation and sea water desalination for the ship diesel engine can fully utilize the waste heat of these triplexs of flue gas, pressurized air, cover jar cooling water, and has realized the cascade utilization of flue gas, pressurized air waste heat, has realized ORC electricity generation and low temperature single-effect distillation sea water desalination.
In view of this, this application provides based on boats and ships diesel engine cogeneration and sea water desalination's device, the device includes:
the waste heat generator set comprises an expander, a generator, a condenser, a working medium pump, a gas temperature regulator and an evaporator;
the expander is connected with the generator, the output end of the expander is connected with the first input end pipeline of the condenser, the first output end of the condenser is connected with the input end pipeline of the working medium pump, the output end of the working medium pump is connected with the first input end pipeline of the gas temperature regulator, the first output end of the gas temperature regulator is connected with the first input end pipeline of the evaporator, and the first output end of the evaporator is connected with the input end pipeline of the expander;
the seawater desalination unit comprises a multi-heat-source heat exchanger and a distilled seawater desalination device;
a second output end of the gas temperature regulator is connected with a first input end of the multi-heat-source heat exchanger through a pipeline, a second output end of the evaporator is connected with a second input end of the multi-heat-source heat exchanger through a pipeline, an output end of the multi-heat-source heat exchanger is connected with a liquid distributor pipeline of the distilled seawater desalting device, and a third input end of the multi-heat-source heat exchanger is connected with a first seawater leading-in pipe;
the system comprises a gas temperature regulator, a booster air pipeline, an evaporator, a jacket cooling water pipeline and an evaporation coil pipeline, wherein the booster air pipeline of the ship diesel engine is connected with a second input end pipeline of the gas temperature regulator, a flue gas pipeline of the ship diesel engine is connected with a second input end pipeline of the evaporator, and the jacket cooling water of the ship diesel engine is connected with the evaporation coil pipeline of the distilled seawater desalting device.
The waste heat generator set adopts Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC for short), and utilizes the characteristic of low boiling point of Organic working medium, the Organic working medium is heated under the condition of low temperature, namely, the Organic working medium is evaporated, and the working medium is vaporized to obtain higher steam pressure to push an expansion machine to do work, so that low-grade heat energy is converted into high-grade mechanical energy and electric energy. The structure of the ORC of the present application includes: the expander is connected with the generator, the output end of the expander is connected with the first input end pipeline of the condenser, the first output end of the condenser is connected with the input end pipeline of the working medium pump, the output end of the working medium pump is connected with the first input end pipeline of the gas temperature regulator, the first output end of the gas temperature regulator is connected with the first input end pipeline of the evaporator, and the first output end of the evaporator is connected with the input end pipeline of the expander. Seawater enters a gas temperature regulator through a working medium pump, pressurized air of a ship diesel engine enters the gas temperature regulator, heat exchange is carried out in the gas temperature regulator, the gas temperature regulator is used for improving the temperature of the seawater entering the gas temperature regulator, the seawater enters an evaporator for heating after absorbing the waste heat of the pressurized air, and the seawater is heated into high-pressure steam in the evaporator (state point a); the high-pressure steam enters the expansion machine to do work to become low-pressure steam (state point b) to drive the generator to generate electric energy; the expanded low-pressure steam enters a condenser and is cooled into low-temperature low-pressure fluid (state point c); the low-temperature low-pressure fluid enters the gas temperature regulator and the evaporator again after being boosted by the working medium pump (state point d), and is heated to reach a saturated liquid state, a saturated gas state and an overheated gas state (state point a), so that the whole cycle is completed.
Preferably, the distilled seawater desalting device comprises a fresh water tank, a filter screen, a condensing chamber, a liquid distributor, an evaporation chamber and a water ejector;
a condensing coil is arranged in the condensing chamber, and an evaporating coil is arranged in the evaporating chamber;
the condensing chamber is communicated with the evaporating chamber through the filter screen;
the liquid distributor is arranged at the top of the evaporation coil, and a liquid outlet of the liquid distributor is aligned with the evaporation coil;
the water injector is connected with the evaporation chamber;
the fresh water tank is connected with a water outlet pipeline of the condensing chamber.
Preferably, the device further comprises a concentrated brine tank connected with the water outlet pipe of the evaporation chamber.
Preferably, the condensing coil is a bent spiral condensing tube, and the evaporating coil is a bent spiral evaporating tube.
Preferably, the input end of the condensing coil is connected with the low-temperature seawater pipeline, and the output end of the condensing coil is connected with the high-temperature seawater pipeline.
Preferably, the gas temperature regulator is a preheater or a heater.
The preheater can be a heating surface which preheats air entering the evaporator or the multi-heat-source heat exchanger to a certain temperature by utilizing flue gas or pressurized air through internal cooling fins. The heat exchanger is used for improving the heat exchange performance after entering an evaporator or a multi-heat-source heat exchanger and reducing the energy consumption.
Preferably, the device further comprises a first seawater pump, and the first seawater pump is connected with the first seawater inlet pipe.
Preferably, the device further comprises a second seawater import pipe, a condenser export pipe and a second seawater pump, wherein the second seawater import pipe is connected with a second input end pipeline of the condenser; the condenser delivery pipe is connected with the second output end of the condenser, and the second seawater pump is connected with the second seawater inlet pipe.
Preferably, the device further comprises a liquid storage tank, and the liquid storage tank is connected with a pipeline between the first output end of the condenser and the input end of the working medium pump.
Preferably, the device further comprises a heat regenerator, a first input end of the heat regenerator is connected with an output end pipeline of the expansion machine, a first output end of the heat regenerator is connected with a first input end pipeline of the condenser, a second input end of the heat regenerator is connected with the working medium pump pipeline, and a second output end of the heat regenerator is connected with a first input end pipeline of the gas temperature regulator.
The heat regenerator is characterized in that cold fluid and hot fluid alternately flow through the same runner space, and the fluid realizes heat exchange through direct contact with the heat regenerative filler. From the perspective of the heat exchanger, the heat regenerator has the advantages of simple and compact structure, high heat exchange efficiency and the like because the filler has large volumetric heat capacity, large heat exchange area and small on-way resistance, and meanwhile, because cold fluid and hot fluid alternately flow through the same runner space, the cold gas can be sublimated and taken away from solid-phase substances deposited on the surface of the filler in the hot blowing period when passing through the heat regenerator, so that the self-cleaning characteristic of the heat regenerator is achieved. From the viewpoint of the thermodynamic efficiency of the system, the heat regeneration process implemented by the heat regenerator can often improve the thermal efficiency of the system.
On the way of ship ocean voyage, personnel and equipment on the ship all need a large amount of fresh water, if the fresh water that only leans on ship self to carry is the fresh water demand that can not satisfy boats and ships far away, the load of the boats and ships that has not only increased, easily breed the bacterium in the fresh water storage process moreover. The waste heat of the ship diesel engine can be utilized to prepare fresh water, so that the fuel utilization rate is improved, and the fresh water requirement of the ship is met. Compared with the prior art, the device can utilize the waste heat of the marine diesel engine to generate electricity and also can utilize the waste heat of the jacket cylinder cooling water to desalt the sea water, thereby improving the energy utilization rate and reducing the cost.
According to the technical scheme, the embodiment of the application has the following advantages:
in the embodiment of the application, a device based on marine diesel engine waste heat power generation and seawater desalination is provided, the device based on marine diesel engine waste heat power generation and seawater desalination is designed, and the supercharged air heat of the marine diesel engine, the flue gas heat of the marine diesel engine and the heat of the sleeve cylinder cooling water of the marine diesel engine are comprehensively utilized. The seawater is used as a working medium, the seawater enters a gas temperature regulator through a working medium pump, pressurized air of a ship diesel engine enters the gas temperature regulator, heat exchange is carried out in the gas temperature regulator, the gas temperature regulator is used for improving the temperature of the seawater entering the gas temperature regulator, the heat of the pressurized air is transferred to the seawater passing through the gas temperature regulator in the gas temperature regulator, and the supercooled seawater is heated by waste heat from the pressurized air; a flue gas pipeline of a ship diesel engine enters the interior of an evaporator 8, heat exchange is carried out in the evaporator, and the evaporator is used for increasing the temperature of seawater entering the interior of the evaporator so as to generate high-temperature and high-pressure seawater steam; gaseous high-temperature and high-pressure seawater steam enters the expansion machine, the expansion machine drives the generator to generate electric energy used on the ship, and the gas temperature regulator and the evaporator can recycle the waste heat of the flue gas and the pressurized air for the first time. Meanwhile, the seawater desalination unit of the application utilizes the low-temperature single-effect distillation seawater desalination principle, the low-temperature seawater is input into the multi-heat-source heat exchanger for preheating, the second output end of the gas temperature regulator is connected with the first input end of the multi-heat-source heat exchanger through a pipeline, the second output end of the evaporator is connected with the second input end of the multi-heat-source heat exchanger through a pipeline, the waste heat of the flue gas and the pressurized air can be recycled for the second time through the multi-heat-source heat exchanger to preheat the seawater, the temperature of material water entering a liquid distributor of the distilled seawater desalination device is increased, sleeve cylinder cooling water of the ship diesel engine enters an evaporation coil of the distilled seawater desalination device, the sleeve cylinder cooling water heats the preheated seawater in the distilled seawater desalination device, and generated steam is condensed into fresh water in a condensation chamber of the distilled seawater desalination device to finish the distilled seawater desalination process.
The embodiment of the application makes full use of three recyclable waste heat sources of the ship diesel engine, and the waste heat sources are not used for recycling one of flue gas waste heat, pressurized air, cylinder jacket cooling water and the like of the ship diesel engine; the method has the advantages that the flue gas waste heat and the pressurized air waste heat of the marine diesel engine are utilized in a gradient manner twice, and the waste heat utilization efficiency of the marine diesel engine is improved; the waste heat of the flue gas and the pressurized air is recycled for the second time through the multi-heat-source heat exchanger to preheat the seawater, so that the temperature of material water entering a liquid distributor of the distilled seawater desalination device is increased, the internal space of an evaporation chamber of the distilled seawater desalination device is effectively utilized, the size of equipment is reduced, and the occupied area is saved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a working principle of a device for power generation and seawater desalination based on waste heat of a marine diesel engine according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of another device for power generation and seawater desalination based on the waste heat of a marine diesel engine according to an embodiment of the present invention;
the system comprises an expander 1, a generator 1-1, a condenser 3, a second seawater pump 4, a liquid storage tank 5, a working medium pump 6, a gas temperature regulator 7, an evaporator 8, a multi-heat-source heat exchanger 9, a first seawater pump 10, a fresh water tank 11, a filter screen 12, a condensation chamber 13, a liquid distributor 14, an evaporation chamber 15, a water injector 16, a strong brine discharge pipe 17, an input end 18 of the condensation coil, an output end 19 of the condensation coil, an evaporation coil 20, a condensation coil 21, a flue gas pipeline A, a pressurized air pipeline B and jacketed cylinder cooling water C, wherein the expander, the generator, the condenser, the working medium pump, a preheater, a heater, the evaporator 8, the multi-heat-source heat exchanger, the filter screen, the condensation chamber, the liquid distributor, the evaporation chamber and the water injector are all conventional common equipment.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the embodiments in the present application.
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred devices or elements must have specific orientations, be configured in specific orientations, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. Specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
It should be understood that, the present application is applied to the field of cogeneration and seawater desalination of ships, please refer to fig. 1-2, fig. 1 is a schematic view of a working principle of a device for cogeneration and seawater desalination based on a ship diesel engine according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 2 is a schematic view of a working principle of another device for cogeneration and seawater desalination based on a ship diesel engine according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1-2, fig. 1 includes a cogeneration unit including an expander 1, a generator 1-1, a condenser 3, a working medium pump 6, a gas temperature regulator 7 and an evaporator 8; the expansion machine 1 is connected with the generator 1-1, the output end of the expansion machine 1 is connected with the first input end pipeline of the condenser 3, the first output end of the condenser 3 is connected with the input end pipeline of the working medium pump 6, the output end of the working medium pump 6 is connected with the first input end pipeline of the gas temperature regulator 7, the first output end of the gas temperature regulator 7 is connected with the first input end pipeline of the evaporator 8, and the first output end of the evaporator 8 is connected with the input end pipeline of the expansion machine 1; the seawater desalination unit comprises a multi-heat-source heat exchanger 9 and a distilled seawater desalination device; a second output end of the gas temperature regulator 7 is connected with a first input end of the multi-heat-source heat exchanger 9 through a pipeline, a second output end of the evaporator 8 is connected with a second input end of the multi-heat-source heat exchanger 9 through a pipeline, an output end of the multi-heat-source heat exchanger 9 is connected with a liquid distributor 14 of the distilled seawater desalination device through a pipeline, and a third input end of the multi-heat-source heat exchanger 9 is connected with a first seawater inlet pipe 10-1; the supercharged air pipeline B of the marine diesel engine is connected with a second input end pipeline of the gas temperature regulator 7, the flue gas pipeline A of the marine diesel engine is connected with a second input end pipeline of the evaporator 8, and the jacketed cylinder cooling water C of the marine diesel engine is connected with an evaporation coil 20 pipeline of the distilled seawater desalting device.
The application designs a device based on marine diesel engine waste heat power generation and sea water desalination, comprehensively utilizes the supercharged air heat of the marine diesel engine, the flue gas heat of the marine diesel engine and the heat of the sleeve cylinder cooling water of the marine diesel engine. The seawater is used as a working medium, the seawater enters a gas temperature regulator 7 through a working medium pump 6, pressurized air of a ship diesel engine enters the gas temperature regulator 7, heat exchange is carried out in the gas temperature regulator 7, the gas temperature regulator 7 is used for improving the temperature of the seawater entering the gas temperature regulator 7, the heat of the pressurized air is transferred to the seawater passing through the gas temperature regulator in the gas temperature regulator 7, and the supercooled seawater is heated by waste heat from the pressurized air; a flue gas pipeline of a ship diesel engine enters the interior of an evaporator 8, heat exchange is carried out in the evaporator 8, and the evaporator 8 is used for increasing the temperature of seawater entering the evaporator 8 so as to generate high-temperature and high-pressure seawater steam; gaseous high-temperature and high-pressure seawater steam enters the expansion machine 1, the expansion machine 1 drives the generator 1-1 to generate electric energy used on a ship, and the gas temperature regulator 7 and the evaporator 8 can recycle the waste heat of flue gas and pressurized air for the first time. Meanwhile, the seawater desalination unit of the application utilizes the low-temperature single-effect distillation seawater desalination principle, low-temperature seawater is input into the multi-heat-source heat exchanger 9 for preheating, the second output end of the gas temperature regulator 7 is connected with the first input end of the multi-heat-source heat exchanger 9 through a pipeline, the second output end of the evaporator 8 is connected with the second input end of the multi-heat-source heat exchanger 9 through a pipeline, the waste heat of the flue gas and the pressurized air can be recycled for the second time through the multi-heat-source heat exchanger 9 to preheat the seawater, the temperature of material water entering a liquid distributor of the distilled seawater desalination device is increased, sleeve cylinder cooling water of the ship diesel engine enters an evaporation coil of the distilled seawater desalination device, the sleeve cylinder cooling water heats the preheated seawater in the distilled seawater desalination device, and generated steam is condensed into fresh water in a condensation chamber of the distilled seawater desalination device to finish the distilled seawater desalination process.
The embodiment of the application makes full use of three recyclable waste heat sources of the ship diesel engine, and the waste heat sources are not used for recycling one of flue gas waste heat, pressurized air, cylinder jacket cooling water and the like of the ship diesel engine; the method and the device have the advantages that the flue gas waste heat and the pressurized air waste heat of the marine diesel engine are utilized in a stepped manner twice, so that the waste heat utilization efficiency of the marine diesel engine is improved; the waste heat of the flue gas and the pressurized air is recycled for the second time through the multi-heat-source heat exchanger to preheat the seawater, so that the temperature of material water entering a liquid distributor of the distilled seawater desalination device is increased, the internal space of an evaporation chamber of the distilled seawater desalination device is effectively utilized, the size of equipment is reduced, and the occupied area is saved.
Specifically, the multi-heat-source heat exchanger is an existing heat exchanger and is a device for transferring partial heat of hot fluid to cold fluid, and the multi-heat-source heat exchanger is a heat exchanger capable of receiving various hot fluids.
For convenience of understanding, please refer to fig. 1-2, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an operating principle of a device for generating power by using waste heat of a marine diesel engine and desalinating seawater according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an operating principle of another device for generating power by using waste heat of a marine diesel engine and desalinating seawater according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1-2, specifically: the distillation seawater desalination device of the device comprises a fresh water tank 11, a filter screen 12, a condensation chamber 13, a liquid distributor 14, an evaporation chamber 15 and a water ejector 16; a condensing coil 21 is arranged in the condensing chamber 13, and an evaporating coil 20 is arranged in the evaporating chamber 15; the condensing chamber 13 is communicated with the evaporating chamber 15 through a filter screen 12; the liquid distributor 14 is arranged at the top of the evaporation coil 20, and a liquid outlet of the liquid distributor 14 is aligned with the evaporation coil 20; the water injector 16 is connected with the evaporation chamber 15; the fresh water tank 11 is connected with a water outlet pipeline of the condensing chamber 13. In the low-temperature single-effect distillation seawater desalination system of the embodiment, the jacket cooling water heats the preheated seawater in the evaporation chamber 15, the generated steam is condensed into fresh water in the condensing coil 21 through the filter screen 12, and the fresh water is drained to the fresh water tank 11 through the fresh water pipeline; the condensing coil 21 is connected to a seawater pipeline, and cools the steam using seawater as a cooling medium to condense the steam into fresh water. The embodiment also comprises a first seawater pump 10, wherein the first seawater pump 10 is connected with a first seawater inlet pipe 10-1, the first seawater pump 10 pumps seawater at the bottom of the cabin into the multi-heat-source heat exchanger 9 through the first seawater inlet pipe 10-1 for preheating, and the preheated seawater enters the evaporation chamber 15; the jacket cooling water C heats the preheated seawater in the evaporation chamber 15, the generated steam is condensed into fresh water in the condensing coil 21 through the filter screen 12, the condensing coil 21 is connected with the seawater pipeline, and the seawater is used as a cooling medium to cool the steam, so that the steam is condensed into fresh water. The fresh water is drained to the fresh water tank 11 through the fresh water pipeline; the upper part of the evaporation chamber 15 is provided with a water injector 16, and the water injector 16 maintains the vacuum degree in the evaporation chamber 15; the lower part of the evaporation chamber 15 is connected with a strong brine discharge pipe 17 to be discharged out of the ship.
Further, the present embodiment further includes a concentrated brine tank, and the concentrated brine tank is connected to the water outlet of the evaporation chamber 15 through a concentrated brine discharge pipe 17.
In order to make the condensation effect and the evaporation effect of the condensation chamber 13 and the evaporation chamber 15 better, the condensation coil 21 is a bent spiral condensation pipe, the evaporation coil 22 is a bent spiral evaporation pipe, the length of the pipeline is increased in the effective space, and the condensation effect and the evaporation effect are improved.
In order to make full use of the ocean resources, the input end 18 of the condensing coil is connected with the low-temperature seawater pipeline, and the output end 19 of the condensing coil is connected with the high-temperature seawater pipeline. The seawater is used as cooling medium to cool the steam, so that the steam is condensed into fresh water.
Specifically, the gas temperature regulator 7 of this embodiment may be a preheater or a heater, or may be a device having a function of a preheater or a heater, where the preheater or the heater is a conventional device, and the structure thereof is not repeated in this application.
Specifically, expander 1 of this embodiment is a turboexpander, and expander 1 can also be the same or similar expander with turboexpander function, and the turboexpander is current device commonly used, and this application does not need to describe its structure one by one.
Further, the present embodiment further includes a second seawater inlet pipe (not shown), a condenser outlet pipe (not shown), and a second seawater pump 4, where the second seawater inlet pipe is connected to a second input end pipeline of the condenser 3; the condenser delivery pipe is connected with the second output end of the condenser 3, and the second seawater pump 4 is connected with the second seawater inlet pipe. The second seawater pump 4 is used for pumping seawater into the condenser 3 through a second seawater inlet pipe, and redundant seawater or seawater unsuitable for ORC power generation with organic working media can be led out through a condenser outlet pipe.
Further, this embodiment still includes liquid reserve tank 5, and the pipe connection between the first output of liquid reserve tank 5 and condenser 3 and the input of working medium pump 6. The liquid storage tank is used for storing working media such as seawater, and the seawater can enter the gas temperature regulator 7 after being pressurized by the working media pump 6.
Further, in order to make the effect of the diesel engine waste heat power generation system of the organic rankine cycle higher, the embodiment of the present application further includes a heat regenerator 2, for easy understanding, please refer to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of another device for generating power and desalinating seawater based on the waste heat of the marine diesel engine according to the embodiment of the present invention, an expander 1 is connected to a generator 1-1, a first input end of the heat regenerator 2 is connected to an output end pipeline of the expander 1, a first output end of the heat regenerator 2 is connected to a first input end pipeline of a condenser 3, a first output end of the condenser 3 is connected to an input end pipeline of a working medium pump 6 through a liquid storage tank 5, a second seawater introducing pipe is connected to a second input end pipeline of the condenser 3, a condenser outlet pipe is connected to a second output end of the condenser 3, and a second seawater pump 4 is connected to a second seawater introducing pipe, the second input end of the heat regenerator 2 is connected with the working medium pump 6 through a pipeline, the second output end of the heat regenerator 2 is connected with the first input end of the gas temperature regulator 7 through a pipeline, the first output end of the gas temperature regulator 7 is connected with the first input end of the evaporator 8 through a pipeline, and the first output end of the evaporator 8 is connected with the input end of the expander 1 through a pipeline. Seawater is conveyed into the condenser 3 through the second seawater pump 4, and steam in the condenser 3 is cooled into supercooled liquid; the seawater in the liquid storage tank 5 is pressurized by a working medium pump 6 and then enters the heat regenerator 2, and then enters the gas temperature regulator 7, wherein the gas temperature regulator 7 is used for increasing the temperature of the seawater entering the evaporator 8; in the gas temperature regulator 7, the supercooled seawater is heated by the waste heat from the pressurized air; in the evaporator 8, the preheated seawater is heated by the waste heat from the flue gas to generate high-temperature and high-pressure seawater steam; the gaseous high temperature and high pressure seawater vapor enters the expander 1 to drive a generator for generating electrical energy for shipboard use.
In addition, besides seawater can be used as the organic working medium of the diesel engine waste heat power generation system of the organic Rankine cycle, appropriate liquid can be used as the organic working medium, and detailed description is omitted in the present application.
The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and the like in the description of the application and the above-described figures, if any, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the application described herein are, for example, capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
It should be understood that in the present application, "at least one" means one or more, "a plurality" means two or more. "and/or" for describing an association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there may be three relationships, e.g., "a and/or B" may indicate: only A, only B and both A and B are present, wherein A and B may be singular or plural. The character "/" generally indicates that the former and latter associated objects are in an "or" relationship. "at least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single item(s) or plural items. For example, at least one (one) of a, b, or c, may represent: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", wherein a, b, c may be single or plural.
The above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. Device based on boats and ships diesel engine waste heat power generation and sea water desalination, its characterized in that includes:
the waste heat generator set comprises an expander, a generator, a condenser, a working medium pump, a gas temperature regulator and an evaporator;
the expander is connected with the generator, the output end of the expander is connected with the first input end pipeline of the condenser, the first output end of the condenser is connected with the input end pipeline of the working medium pump, the output end of the working medium pump is connected with the first input end pipeline of the gas temperature regulator, the first output end of the gas temperature regulator is connected with the first input end pipeline of the evaporator, and the first output end of the evaporator is connected with the input end pipeline of the expander;
the seawater desalination unit comprises a multi-heat-source heat exchanger and a distilled seawater desalination device;
a second output end of the gas temperature regulator is connected with a first input end of the multi-heat-source heat exchanger through a pipeline, a second output end of the evaporator is connected with a second input end of the multi-heat-source heat exchanger through a pipeline, an output end of the multi-heat-source heat exchanger is connected with a liquid distributor pipeline of the distilled seawater desalting device, and a third input end of the multi-heat-source heat exchanger is connected with a first seawater leading-in pipe;
the system comprises a gas temperature regulator, a pressurization air pipeline, a flue gas pipeline, a sleeve cylinder cooling water pipeline and an evaporation coil pipe pipeline, wherein the pressurization air pipeline of the ship diesel engine is connected with a second input end pipeline of the gas temperature regulator; the distilled seawater desalting device comprises a fresh water tank, a filter screen, a condensing chamber, a liquid distributor, an evaporation chamber and a water ejector;
a condensing coil is arranged in the condensing chamber, and an evaporating coil is arranged in the evaporating chamber;
the condensing chamber is communicated with the evaporating chamber through the filter screen;
the liquid distributor is arranged at the top of the evaporation coil, and a liquid outlet of the liquid distributor is aligned with the evaporation coil;
the water injector is connected with the evaporation chamber;
the fresh water tank is connected with a water outlet pipeline of the condensing chamber.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a concentrated brine tank connected to an outlet conduit of the evaporation chamber.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the condenser coil is a curved serpentine condenser tube and the evaporator coil is a curved serpentine evaporator tube.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the input end of the condensing coil is connected to a low temperature seawater conduit and the output end of the condensing coil is connected to a high temperature seawater conduit.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the gas temperature regulator is a preheater or a heater.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a first seawater pump connected to the first seawater intake conduit.
7. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a second seawater intake pipe, a condenser delivery pipe, and a second seawater pump, the second seawater intake pipe being connected to a second input end of the condenser; the condenser delivery pipe is connected with the second output end of the condenser, and the second seawater pump is connected with the second seawater inlet pipe.
8. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a reservoir connected to a conduit between the first output of the condenser and the input of the working fluid pump.
9. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising a regenerator, wherein a first input of the regenerator is piped to an output of the expander, a first output of the regenerator is piped to a first input of the condenser, a second input of the regenerator is piped to the working medium pump, and a second output of the regenerator is piped to a first input of the gas temperature regulator.
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| CN201910469759.7A CN110145407B (en) | 2019-05-31 | 2019-05-31 | Device based on ship diesel engine waste heat power generation and sea water desalination |
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| CN111997751B (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2021-07-23 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Utilize generator cooling system of marine diesel engine bypass waste gas |
| CN112814754B (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-11-23 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Contact type evaporator and application system and method thereof |
| CN113187572A (en) * | 2021-06-03 | 2021-07-30 | 上海海事大学 | Marine multi-evaporator organic Rankine cycle system |
| CN113503195B (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2022-12-23 | 上海海事大学 | Ship waste heat utilization cogeneration device and use method thereof |
| CN114060135B (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2023-12-08 | 大连海事大学 | Optimization method and system based on high-temperature fresh water cooling system of ship host |
| CN114132474B (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2023-10-10 | 江苏海事职业技术学院 | Ship power cabin cooling system for cooling by utilizing seawater serial flow |
| CN115448399A (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2022-12-09 | 浙江工业大学 | Refrigeration pure water system based on engine waste heat utilization and process thereof |
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