CN110144736B - Breathable and moisture-absorbing automobile interior material and production process thereof - Google Patents
Breathable and moisture-absorbing automobile interior material and production process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110144736B CN110144736B CN201910468028.0A CN201910468028A CN110144736B CN 110144736 B CN110144736 B CN 110144736B CN 201910468028 A CN201910468028 A CN 201910468028A CN 110144736 B CN110144736 B CN 110144736B
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0043—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by their foraminous structure; Characteristics of the foamed layer or of cellular layers
- D06N3/005—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by their foraminous structure; Characteristics of the foamed layer or of cellular layers obtained by blowing or swelling agent
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0056—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the compounding ingredients of the macro-molecular coating
- D06N3/0061—Organic fillers or organic fibrous fillers, e.g. ground leather waste, wood bark, cork powder, vegetable flour; Other organic compounding ingredients; Post-treatment with organic compounds
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0056—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the compounding ingredients of the macro-molecular coating
- D06N3/0065—Organic pigments, e.g. dyes, brighteners
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/007—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by mechanical or physical treatments
- D06N3/0077—Embossing; Pressing of the surface; Tumbling and crumbling; Cracking; Cooling; Heating, e.g. mirror finish
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/007—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by mechanical or physical treatments
- D06N3/0084—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by mechanical or physical treatments by electrical processes, e.g. potentials, corona discharge, electrophoresis, electrolytic
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/12—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins
- D06N3/14—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyurethanes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/54—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using solvents, e.g. supercritical solvents or ionic liquids
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Abstract
The invention discloses a breathable and moisture-absorbing automobile interior material and a production process thereof. According to the invention, the thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer is used as the substrate main body, the foaming agent is used for extrusion foaming, and the soluble pore-foaming agent is added for impregnation pore-forming, so that the breathable and moisture-absorbing automobile interior material with a microporous structure can be prepared, the microporous structures have good connectivity, the breathable and moisture-absorbing performance of the material is effectively improved, the breathable and moisture-absorbing automobile interior material is low in VOC content, has the texture similar to real leather, and the touch feeling of the skin is more ideal. The invention has no three wastes in the whole production process and is environment-friendly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobile interior materials, in particular to a breathable and moisture-absorbing automobile interior material and a production process thereof.
Background
In the use process of the automotive interior products, a large amount of peculiar smells including benzene, formaldehyde, acetone, xylene and the like are easily generated, a certain damage is caused to the human body, and the automotive interior products do not meet the requirement of environmental protection; in addition, the products are airtight and hygroscopic, and the driver and passengers feel stuffy feeling when riding. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the material composition and production process of the current automotive interior material, so that the automotive interior material has the characteristics of no toxicity, low VOC content, good moisture absorption and air permeability and the like, the production process is ensured to be environment-friendly, and no three wastes are generated in the whole process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the breathable and moisture-absorbing automobile interior material and the production process thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the breathable and moisture-absorbing automobile interior material comprises a surface layer and a foaming layer, wherein the surface layer comprises the following components in parts by weight:
100 parts of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer
0.1-5 parts of montan wax
Pore-foaming agent 2-20 parts
The foaming layer comprises the following components in parts by weight:
according to the invention, the thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer is used as a substrate main body, a soluble pore-foaming agent is added for impregnation pore-forming, and a foaming agent extrusion foaming technology is combined, so that the breathable and moisture-absorbing automobile interior material with a microporous structure can be prepared.
Preferably, the pore-forming agent comprises at least one of potassium chloride, lithium chloride, hydroxypropyl cellulose, and polyvinylpyrrolidone.
The invention can select the supercritical carbon dioxide for physical foaming and also can select the chemical foaming agent for chemical foaming. Preferably, the foaming agent comprises at least one of supercritical carbon dioxide, a sodium bicarbonate foaming agent, an azodicarbonamide foaming agent and an amino foaming agent.
Preferably, the sodium bicarbonate foaming agent is Hydrocerol 2060.
According to the invention, the foaming agent is selected for extrusion foaming, and meanwhile, the soluble pore-forming agent is added, the proper dosage is optimized, and the pore-forming agent is separated out by adopting an impregnation method to form a 1-2 mu m micropore structure, so that the production process is safe and environment-friendly, no toxic or harmful gas is generated, and the improvement of the air permeability and the moisture absorption of the automotive interior material is facilitated. Compared with the interior material prepared by singly adopting impregnation pore-forming or foaming of a foaming agent, the interior material prepared by adopting the impregnation pore-forming combined foaming agent extrusion technology has better connectivity in the microporous structure, and the air permeability and the moisture absorption performance of the material are obviously improved.
Preferably, the thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer comprises at least one of a thermoplastic aliphatic polyether polyurethane elastomer, a thermoplastic aromatic polyester polyurethane elastomer.
Preferably, the thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer comprises a thermoplastic aromatic polyether polyurethane elastomer and a thermoplastic aromatic polyester polyurethane elastomer, the weight ratio of the thermoplastic aromatic polyether polyurethane elastomer to the thermoplastic aromatic polyester polyurethane elastomer is 40-70:30-60, and the prepared interior material has good mechanical properties.
Preferably, the surface layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.2-1.2 parts of foaming agent. When the amount of the foaming agent in the surface layer is controlled to be 0.2-1.2 parts, the prepared interior material has good air permeability and moisture absorption performance, high tensile strength and peel strength, and excellent abrasion resistance and heat resistance.
According to the invention, according to the actual use requirement of the automobile interior material, a coloring master batch can be added to obtain the required color, and preferably, the surface layer further comprises the following components in parts by weight:
1-20 parts of coloring master batch
The foaming layer also comprises the following components in parts by weight:
1-20 parts of coloring master batch.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the breathable and moisture-absorbing automobile interior material, which comprises the steps of weighing the raw materials of the components in proportion, uniformly mixing, injecting the raw materials into a multi-layer co-extrusion extruder, extruding, stretching to form a film, foaming by adopting a foaming agent, compounding base cloth, carrying out surface treatment, embossing, dipping, pore forming and drying to obtain the breathable and moisture-absorbing automobile interior material.
Preferably, the method for preparing the breathable and moisture-absorbing automobile interior material comprises the following steps:
(1) an extrusion process: metering and uniformly mixing all component raw materials through a screw servo metering device, adding the component raw materials into a feed inlet of a double-layer co-extrusion machine, adding the component raw materials of a surface layer into a first extruder of the double-layer co-extrusion machine, adding the component raw materials of a foaming layer into a second extruder of the double-layer co-extrusion machine, adding supercritical carbon dioxide into the middle section of the second extruder through a high-pressure injection pump, mixing the materials, heating through a die orifice to foam to obtain a foaming layer, performing melt compounding with the surface layer in a double-layer die head, drawing out and flattening through three rollers, and performing hot melt compounding with base cloth to obtain a foaming base material containing micropores;
(2) a surface modification procedure: treating the surface of the base material by using a plasma surface treatment or corona treatment mode, and coating a waterborne polyurethane surface coating agent to obtain the base material with required gloss;
(3) and (3) embossing and forming: heating the surface of the base material subjected to surface treatment to 160-200 ℃, forming textures on the surface of the base material through an embossing roller, and cooling and shaping to obtain the base material with the required textures;
(4) dipping and pore forming: and (4) dipping and extruding the base material obtained in the step (3) for multiple times to form micropores with the diameter of 1-2 mu m on the surface of the base material, and drying to obtain the breathable and moisture-absorbing automobile interior material.
Preferably, the step (4) further includes a step of distilling the impregnated wastewater to recover and utilize the pore-forming agent.
Preferably, in the step (4), the impregnation temperature is 50-120 ℃, so that pore-forming agents in the surface layer and the foaming layer are dissolved out, a communicated microporous structure is formed, and the air permeability and moisture absorption performance of the material are improved.
When the supercritical carbon dioxide is adopted for extrusion foaming, the carbon dioxide generated in the recycling industry can be utilized for foaming, so that the emission of greenhouse gases is reduced, the pore-foaming agent is recycled, and the production process of the invention has no three wastes and reduces the environmental pollution.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer is used as the substrate main body, the foaming agent is used for extrusion foaming, and the soluble pore-foaming agent is added for impregnation pore-forming, so that the breathable and moisture-absorbing automobile interior material with a microporous structure can be prepared, the microporous structures have good connectivity, the breathable and moisture-absorbing performance of the material is effectively improved, the breathable and moisture-absorbing automobile interior material is low in VOC content, has the texture similar to real leather, and the touch feeling of the skin is more ideal. The invention has no three wastes in the whole production process and is environment-friendly.
Detailed Description
To better illustrate the objects, aspects and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In the examples, the experimental methods used were all conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the materials, reagents and the like used were commercially available without otherwise specified.
Example 1
The breathable and moisture-absorbing automobile interior material comprises a surface layer and a foaming layer, wherein the surface layer comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the foaming layer comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the preparation method of the breathable and moisture-absorbing automobile interior material comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the formula, metering by a servo screw metering device, uniformly mixing, adding into a feed inlet of a double-layer co-extrusion extruder, wherein a material of a surface layer is added into a first extruder of the double-layer co-extrusion extruder, a material except supercritical carbon dioxide in a foaming layer is added into a second extruder of the double-layer co-extrusion extruder, the processing temperature of the extruder is 160 ℃, the supercritical carbon dioxide is injected into the middle section of the second extruder of the double-layer co-extrusion extruder through a high-pressure injection pump, the injection pressure is more than 7.29MPa, the temperature is 31 ℃, a pressure drop of 0.05-3.5GPa is formed at a die orifice, so that foaming layers with different foaming pore diameters are obtained, the foaming layers and the surface layer are thermally fused into a double-layer structure through a die head, the surface of a substrate is leveled through a three-roller machine, the substrate is thermally fused and compounded with base cloth, a foaming substrate containing micropores is obtained, and the coiled material is obtained by rolling;
(2) carrying out surface corona treatment on the coiled material obtained in the step (1), wherein the discharge power is more than 15kW, the surface dyne value is more than 46, then treating the water-based surface modification coating on the surface by using a 100-150-mesh roller, and drying in a drying oven at 110 ℃ to obtain the coiled material which is subjected to surface treatment and has the required gloss;
(3) heating the coiled material to 180 ℃ on an embossing machine, and carrying out embossing molding by using a pattern roller to obtain the coiled material with genuine leather texture and required textures;
(4) and (2) passing the embossed coiled material through a water immersion tank, wherein the water temperature is 80 ℃, extruding excessive water from the immersed coiled material through a rubber roller, immersing the coiled material into the water immersion tank again, immersing the coiled material in the water immersion tank for 3-6 times in such a way, leaching out the pore-forming agent polyvinylpyrrolidone in the base material to obtain the breathable micropores with the pore diameter of 1-2 mu m, drying the microporous material in a 100 ℃ drying oven, packaging, checking and warehousing, and sending the polyvinylpyrrolidone solution generated by immersion to a negative pressure distillation tower for evaporation and recovery.
Example 2
The breathable and moisture-absorbing automobile interior material comprises a surface layer and a foaming layer, wherein the surface layer comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the foaming layer comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the preparation method of the breathable and moisture-absorbing automobile interior material comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the formula, metering by a servo screw metering device, uniformly mixing, adding into a feed inlet of a double-layer co-extrusion extruder, wherein a material of a surface layer is added into a first extruder of the double-layer co-extrusion extruder, a material except supercritical carbon dioxide in a foaming layer is added into a second extruder of the double-layer co-extrusion extruder, the processing temperature of the extruder is 160 ℃, the supercritical carbon dioxide is injected into the middle section of the second extruder of the double-layer co-extrusion extruder through a high-pressure injection pump, the injection pressure is more than 7.29MPa, the temperature is 31 ℃, a pressure drop of 0.05-3.5GPa is formed at a die orifice, so that foaming layers with different foaming pore diameters are obtained, the foaming layers and the surface layer are thermally fused into a double-layer structure through a die head, the surface of a substrate is leveled through a three-roller machine, the substrate is thermally fused and compounded with base cloth, a foaming substrate containing micropores is obtained, and the coiled material is obtained by rolling;
(2) carrying out surface corona treatment on the coiled material obtained in the step (1), wherein the discharge power is more than 15kW, the surface dyne value is more than 46, then treating the water-based surface modification coating on the surface by using a 100-150-mesh roller, and drying in a drying oven at 110 ℃ to obtain the coiled material which is subjected to surface treatment and has the required gloss;
(3) heating the coiled material to 180 ℃ on an embossing machine, and carrying out embossing molding by using a pattern roller to obtain the coiled material with genuine leather texture and required textures;
(4) passing the embossed coiled material through a water immersion tank, wherein the water temperature is 80 ℃, extruding excessive water from the immersed coiled material through a rubber roller, immersing the coiled material into the water immersion tank again, immersing the coiled material in the water immersion tank for 3-6 times, then leaching out pore-forming agent polyvinylpyrrolidone in the base material to obtain air-permeable micropores with the aperture of 1-2 mu m, drying the micropores in a 100 ℃ drying oven, packaging, checking and warehousing, and sending a polyvinylpyrrolidone solution generated by immersion to a negative pressure distillation tower for evaporation and recovery.
Example 3
The breathable and moisture-absorbing automobile interior material comprises a surface layer and a foaming layer, wherein the surface layer comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the foaming layer comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the preparation method of the breathable and moisture-absorbing automobile interior material comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the formula, metering by a servo screw metering device, uniformly mixing, adding into a feed inlet of a double-layer co-extrusion extruder, wherein a material of a surface layer is added into a first extruder of the double-layer co-extrusion extruder, a material except supercritical carbon dioxide in a foaming layer is added into a second extruder of the double-layer co-extrusion extruder, the processing temperature of the extruder is 160 ℃, the supercritical carbon dioxide is injected into the middle section of the second extruder of the double-layer co-extrusion extruder through a high-pressure injection pump, the injection pressure is more than 7.29MPa, the temperature is 31 ℃, a pressure drop of 0.05-3.5GPa is formed at a die orifice, so that foaming layers with different foaming pore diameters are obtained, the foaming layers and the surface layer are thermally fused into a double-layer structure through a die head, the surface of a substrate is leveled through a three-roller machine, the substrate is thermally fused and compounded with base cloth, a foaming substrate containing micropores is obtained, and the coiled material is obtained by rolling;
(2) carrying out surface corona treatment on the coiled material obtained in the step (1), wherein the discharge power is more than 15kW, the surface dyne value is more than 46, then treating the water-based surface modification coating on the surface by using a 100-150-mesh roller, and drying in a drying oven at 110 ℃ to obtain the coiled material which is subjected to surface treatment and has the required gloss;
(3) heating the coiled material to 180 ℃ on an embossing machine, and carrying out embossing molding by using a pattern roller to obtain the coiled material with genuine leather texture and required textures;
(4) and (2) passing the embossed coiled material through a water immersion tank, wherein the water temperature is 80 ℃, extruding excessive water from the immersed coiled material through a rubber roller, immersing the coiled material into the water immersion tank again, immersing the coiled material in the water immersion tank for 3-6 times in such a way, leaching out the pore-forming agent polyvinylpyrrolidone in the base material to obtain the breathable micropores with the pore diameter of 1-2 mu m, drying the microporous material in a 100 ℃ drying oven, packaging, checking and warehousing, and sending the polyvinylpyrrolidone solution generated by immersion to a negative pressure distillation tower for evaporation and recovery.
Example 4
The breathable and moisture-absorbing automobile interior material comprises a surface layer and a foaming layer, wherein the surface layer comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the foaming layer comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the preparation method of the breathable and moisture-absorbing automobile interior material comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the formula, metering by a servo screw metering device, uniformly mixing, adding into a feed inlet of a double-layer co-extrusion extruder, adding a material of a surface layer into a first extruder of the double-layer co-extrusion extruder, adding a material except supercritical carbon dioxide in a foaming layer into a second extruder of the double-layer co-extrusion extruder, wherein the processing temperature of the extruder is 150 ℃, injecting supercritical carbon dioxide into the middle section of the second extruder of the double-layer co-extrusion extruder by a high-pressure injection pump, the injection pressure is more than 7.29MPa, the temperature is 31 ℃, and a pressure drop of 0.05-3.5GPa is formed at a die orifice, so that foaming layers with different foaming pore diameters are obtained, the foaming layers and the surface layer are thermally melted and compounded into a double-layer structure by a die head, the surface of a substrate is leveled by a three-roller machine, the substrate is thermally melted and compounded with base cloth, a foaming substrate containing micropores is obtained, and the coiled material is obtained by rolling;
(2) carrying out surface corona treatment on the coiled material obtained in the step (1), wherein the discharge power is more than 15kW, the surface dyne value is more than 46, then treating the water-based surface modification coating on the surface by using a 100-150-mesh roller, and drying in a drying oven at 100 ℃ to obtain the coiled material which is subjected to surface treatment and has the required gloss;
(3) heating the coiled material to 160 ℃ on an embossing machine, and embossing and forming by a pattern roller to obtain the coiled material with genuine leather texture and required texture;
(4) and (3) passing the embossed coiled material through a water immersion tank, wherein the water temperature is 120 ℃, extruding excessive water from the immersed coiled material through a rubber roller, immersing the coiled material into the water immersion tank again, immersing the coiled material in the water immersion tank for 3-6 times in the manner, leaching out a pore-forming agent potassium chloride in the base material to obtain a breathable micropore with the pore diameter of 1-2 mu m, drying the microporous material in a 100 ℃ drying oven, packaging, checking and warehousing, and sending a potassium chloride solution generated by immersion to a negative pressure distillation tower for evaporation and recovery.
Example 5
The breathable and moisture-absorbing automobile interior material comprises a surface layer and a foaming layer, wherein the surface layer comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the foaming layer comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the preparation method of the breathable and moisture-absorbing automobile interior material comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the formula, metering by a servo screw metering device, uniformly mixing, adding into a feed inlet of a double-layer co-extrusion extruder, adding a material of a surface layer into a first extruder of the double-layer co-extrusion extruder, adding a material except supercritical carbon dioxide in a foaming layer into a second extruder of the double-layer co-extrusion extruder, wherein the processing temperature of the extruder is 160 ℃, injecting supercritical carbon dioxide into the middle section of the second extruder of the double-layer co-extrusion extruder by a high-pressure injection pump, the injection pressure is more than 7.29MPa, the temperature is 31 ℃, and a pressure drop of 0.05-3.5GPa is formed at a die orifice, so that foaming layers with different foaming pore diameters are obtained, the foaming layers and the surface layer are thermally melted and compounded into a double-layer structure by a die head, the surface of a substrate is leveled by a three-roller machine, the substrate is thermally melted and compounded with base cloth, a foaming substrate containing micropores is obtained, and the coiled material is obtained by rolling;
(2) carrying out surface corona treatment on the coiled material obtained in the step (1), wherein the discharge power is more than 15kW, the surface dyne value is more than 46, then treating the water-based surface modification coating on the surface by using a 100-150-mesh roller, and drying in a drying oven at 100 ℃ to obtain the coiled material which is subjected to surface treatment and has the required gloss;
(3) heating the coiled material to 180 ℃ on an embossing machine, and carrying out embossing molding by using a pattern roller to obtain the coiled material with genuine leather texture and required textures;
(4) and (3) passing the embossed coiled material through a water immersion tank, wherein the water temperature is 70 ℃, extruding excessive water from the immersed coiled material through a rubber roller, immersing the coiled material into the water immersion tank again, immersing the coiled material in the water immersion tank for 3-6 times in the manner, leaching out a pore-forming agent potassium chloride in the base material to obtain a breathable micropore with the pore diameter of 1-2 mu m, drying the microporous material in a 100 ℃ drying oven, packaging, checking and warehousing, and sending a potassium chloride solution generated by immersion to a negative pressure distillation tower for evaporation and recovery.
Example 6
The breathable and moisture-absorbing automobile interior material comprises a surface layer and a foaming layer, wherein the surface layer comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the foaming layer comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the preparation method of the breathable and moisture-absorbing automobile interior material comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the formula, metering by a servo screw metering device, uniformly mixing, adding into a feed inlet of a double-layer co-extrusion extruder, adding a material of a surface layer into a first extruder of the double-layer co-extrusion extruder, adding a material except supercritical carbon dioxide in a foaming layer into a second extruder of the double-layer co-extrusion extruder, wherein the processing temperature of the extruder is 190 ℃, injecting supercritical carbon dioxide into the middle section of the second extruder of the double-layer co-extrusion extruder by a high-pressure injection pump, the injection pressure is more than 7.29MPa, the temperature is 31 ℃, and a pressure drop of 0.05-3.5GPa is formed at a die orifice, so that foaming layers with different foaming pore diameters are obtained, the foaming layers and the surface layer are thermally melted and compounded into a double-layer structure by a die head, the surface of a substrate is leveled by a three-roller machine, the substrate is thermally melted and compounded with base cloth, a foaming substrate containing micropores is obtained, and the coiled material is obtained by rolling;
(2) performing surface corona treatment on the coiled material obtained in the step (1), wherein the discharge power is more than 15kW, the surface dyne value is more than 46, then treating the water-based surface modification coating on the surface by using a 100-150-mesh roller, and drying in a drying oven at 120 ℃ to obtain the coiled material which is subjected to surface treatment and has the required gloss;
(3) heating the coiled material to 200 ℃ on an embossing machine, and embossing and forming by a pattern roller to obtain the coiled material with genuine leather texture and required texture;
(4) and (3) passing the embossed coiled material through a water immersion tank, wherein the water temperature is 50 ℃, extruding excessive water from the immersed coiled material through a rubber roller, immersing the coiled material into the water immersion tank again, immersing the coiled material in the water immersion tank for 3-6 times in the manner, leaching out a pore-forming agent potassium chloride in the base material to obtain a breathable micropore with the pore diameter of 1-2 mu m, drying the microporous material in a 100 ℃ drying oven, packaging, checking and warehousing, and sending a potassium chloride solution generated by immersion to a negative pressure distillation tower for evaporation and recovery.
Comparative example 1
The breathable and hygroscopic automotive interior material of this comparative example and the preparation method thereof were substantially the same as in example 1 except that this comparative example did not contain a porogen.
Comparative example 2
The breathable, moisture-absorbing automotive interior material of this comparative example and the preparation method thereof were substantially the same as in example 1, except that this comparative example did not contain supercritical carbon dioxide.
The interior materials of examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were subjected to performance tests using the PVC automotive interior material as a control group, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the results in table 1, the breathable and moisture-absorbing automobile interior material prepared according to the present invention has higher tensile strength, peel strength, and breathable and moisture-absorbing properties than the PVC automobile interior material. Compared with the interior material prepared by adopting a dipping pore-forming method or a supercritical carbon dioxide foaming method, the interior material prepared by adopting the dipping pore-forming and supercritical carbon dioxide foaming technology has the advantages that the mechanical property is reduced, but the air permeability and the moisture absorption performance are obviously improved. The automotive interior material disclosed by the invention is low in VOC content, free of toxic and harmful gases, safe and environment-friendly, has the texture similar to real leather, and can be used for replacing real leather in automotive interior.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The breathable and moisture-absorbing automobile interior material is characterized by comprising a surface layer and a foaming layer, wherein the surface layer comprises the following components in parts by weight:
100 parts of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer
0.1-5 parts of montan wax
Pore-foaming agent 2-20 parts
The foaming layer comprises the following components in parts by weight:
100 parts of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer
0.1-5 parts of montan wax
Pore-foaming agent 2-20 parts
0.1-2.5 parts of foaming agent;
the pore-foaming agent is a soluble pore-foaming agent and comprises at least one of potassium chloride, lithium chloride, hydroxypropyl cellulose and polyvinylpyrrolidone;
the foaming agent is supercritical carbon dioxide, or the foaming agent is a mixture of supercritical carbon dioxide and a sodium bicarbonate foaming agent.
2. The breathable, absorbent automotive interior trim material of claim 1, wherein the thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer comprises at least one of a thermoplastic aliphatic polyether polyurethane elastomer, a thermoplastic aromatic polyether polyurethane elastomer, and a thermoplastic aromatic polyester polyurethane elastomer.
3. The breathable, moisture-absorbing automotive interior trim material of claim 2, wherein the thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer comprises a thermoplastic aromatic polyether polyurethane elastomer and a thermoplastic aromatic polyester polyurethane elastomer, and the weight ratio of the thermoplastic aromatic polyether polyurethane elastomer to the thermoplastic aromatic polyester polyurethane elastomer is 40-70: 30-60.
4. The breathable, absorbent automotive interior trim material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the facing layer further comprises the following components in parts by weight:
1-20 parts of coloring master batch
The foaming layer also comprises the following components in parts by weight:
1-20 parts of coloring master batch.
5. The production process of the breathable and moisture-absorbing automobile interior material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the raw materials of the components are weighed according to a certain proportion, mixed uniformly, injected into a multi-layer co-extrusion extruder, extruded and stretched to form a film, foamed by a foaming agent, compounded with a base fabric, subjected to surface treatment, embossing molding, impregnated hole forming and dried to obtain the breathable and moisture-absorbing automobile interior material.
6. The process for producing a breathable, moisture-absorbing automotive interior material according to claim 5, comprising the steps of:
(1) an extrusion process: metering and uniformly mixing all component raw materials through a screw servo metering device, adding the component raw materials into a feed inlet of a double-layer co-extrusion machine, adding the component raw materials of a surface layer into a first extruder of the double-layer co-extrusion machine, adding the component raw materials of a foaming layer into a second extruder of the double-layer co-extrusion machine, adding supercritical carbon dioxide into the middle section of the second extruder through a high-pressure injection pump, mixing the materials, heating through a die orifice to foam to obtain a foaming layer, performing melt compounding with the surface layer in a double-layer die head, drawing out and flattening through three rollers, and performing hot melt compounding with base cloth to obtain a foaming base material containing micropores;
(2) a surface modification procedure: treating the surface of the base material by using a plasma surface treatment or corona treatment mode, and coating a waterborne polyurethane surface coating agent to obtain the base material with required gloss;
(3) and (3) embossing and forming: heating the surface of the base material subjected to surface treatment to 160-200 ℃, forming textures on the surface of the base material through an embossing roller, and cooling and shaping to obtain the base material with the required textures;
(4) dipping and pore forming: and (4) dipping and extruding the base material obtained in the step (3) for multiple times to form 1-2 mu m micropores on the surface of the base material, and drying to obtain the breathable and moisture-absorbing automotive interior material.
7. The process for producing breathable and moisture-absorbing automobile interior material according to claim 6, wherein the step (4) further comprises the step of distilling the impregnated wastewater to recycle the pore-forming agent.
8. The process for producing a breathable and moisture-absorbing automobile interior material according to claim 7, wherein the impregnation temperature in the step (4) is 50 to 120 ℃.
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| CN101982604A (en) * | 2010-11-01 | 2011-03-02 | 张瑜 | Water-proof air-permeable polyurethane synthetic leather and preparation method thereof |
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