CN110143032B - Method for covering concave-convex surface substrate by using PVC film and application - Google Patents

Method for covering concave-convex surface substrate by using PVC film and application Download PDF

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CN110143032B
CN110143032B CN201910119947.7A CN201910119947A CN110143032B CN 110143032 B CN110143032 B CN 110143032B CN 201910119947 A CN201910119947 A CN 201910119947A CN 110143032 B CN110143032 B CN 110143032B
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pvc film
film
concave
pvc
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CN110143032A (en
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王林卓
刘志坤
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Jiangshan Oupai Door Industry Co ltd
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Jiangshan Oupai Door Industry Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/04—Punching, slitting or perforating
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/70—Door leaves
    • E06B3/7001—Coverings therefor; Door leaves imitating traditional raised panel doors, e.g. engraved or embossed surfaces, with trim strips applied to the surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/04—Punching, slitting or perforating
    • B32B2038/047—Perforating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2327/00—Polyvinylhalogenides
    • B32B2327/06—PVC, i.e. polyvinylchloride

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a method for cladding a concave-convex surface substrate by using a PVC film and application thereof. The method comprises the following steps: s1: selecting a qualified PVC film, wherein the selection method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: respectively cutting out multiple samples from each PVC film, and testing the elastic extension value eta of each sample of each PVC film in the transverse direction, the 45-degree off-axis direction and the longitudinal directionHorizontal bar、ηDeflection、ηLongitudinal direction(ii) a Step two: calculating the surface area S of the coated concave-convex surface substrate, and measuring the projected area S of the coated concave-convex surface substrate0The elastic extension limit value eta of the film satisfying the production requirement is calculated according to the following formulaPole(s)：
Figure DDA0001971530790000011
Step three: selecting the value of elastic extension etaHorizontal bar、ηDeflection、ηLongitudinal directionAre all greater than etaPole(s)The PVC film of (1) as a conformable material for the facing; s2: and determining the temperature and pressure of the coating film, and coating the PVC film selected in the S1 on the surface of the concave-convex substrate under the temperature and pressure conditions. The PVC film cladding method can eliminate the quality problems of floating, pattern distortion at the top end of a convex surface, whitening, sinking and shrinking at a concave surface and the like of the PVC film after cladding on the concave-convex surface base material.

Description

Method for covering concave-convex surface substrate by using PVC film and application
Technical Field
The invention relates to a PVC film cladding technology, in particular to a method for cladding a concave-convex surface substrate by using a PVC film.
Background
In order to make the furniture surface look glossy and patterned, a PVC film is covered on the surface of the furniture product, and the process engineering is called PVC film cladding. At present, the technology basically heats and softens a flat PVC film through a positive pressure machine, a negative pressure machine or a vacuum plastic sucking machine, then uses vacuum suction force generated by a vacuum pump to suck the softened PVC film on the surface of concave-convex base materials such as furniture and the like, and forms the PVC film after cooling.
However, the surface of the concave-convex substrate is not flat but has some three-dimensional shapes or patterns, so that some coating quality problems often occur in the PVC coating. When the door plate is coated with the PVC film, the problems of floating, pattern distortion and sinking shrinkage easily occur on the PVC film 3 at the convex and concave surfaces of the three-dimensional shapes. Referring to fig. 1A, at the corner 11 on both sides of the protrusion 1, the PVC film 3 has a floating phenomenon, that is, the PVC film 3 that should be adhered to the corner 11 originally floats. As shown in fig. 1A, the PVC film 3 has problems in that the pattern of the PVC film is deformed, distorted, and whitened at the top 12 of the boss 1. As shown in fig. 1B, the PVC film 3 has a problem of sink-shrinkage at the bottom 21 of the concave portion 2. These problems all affect the beauty of the product, reduce the purchasing desire of the consumer, and cause the product to be unqualified until being scrapped.
Therefore, the invention aims to solve three technical problems in the PVC film cladding process: floating problem, pattern distortion and sink shrinkage.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for cladding a concave-convex surface substrate by using a PVC film, which solves the problems of floating, pattern distortion and residual shrinkage easily occurring when cladding the surface of the concave-convex substrate with a three-dimensional pattern or a shape in the traditional PVC film cladding process.
The technical scheme of the invention comprises the following steps:
a method of facing a concavo-convex surface substrate with a PVC film, comprising:
s1, selecting a qualified PVC film, wherein the selection method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: respectively cutting out multiple samples from each PVC film, and testing the elastic extension value eta of each sample of each PVC film in the transverse direction, the 45-degree off-axis direction and the longitudinal directionHorizontal bar、ηDeflection、ηLongitudinal direction；
Step two: calculating the surface area S of the coated concave-convex surface substrate, and measuring the projected area S of the coated concave-convex surface substrate0The elastic extension limit value eta of the film satisfying the production requirement is calculated according to the following formulaPole(s)：
Figure GDA0002114573890000021
Step three: selecting the value of elastic extension etaHorizontal bar、ηDeflection、ηLongitudinal directionAre all greater than etaPole(s)The PVC film of (1) as a conformable material for the facing;
and S2, determining the temperature and pressure of the film, and coating the PVC film selected in the S1 on the surface of the concave-convex base material under the temperature and pressure conditions.
According to the technical scheme of the invention, in the step (r), each sample of each PVC film is tested with an elastic extension value eta in the transverse direction, the 45-degree off-axis direction and the longitudinal directionHorizontal bar、ηDeflection、ηLongitudinal directionThe method comprises the following steps:
wherein, test ηLongitudinal directionWhen, to the area A0The specimen (2) is elongated in the longitudinal direction, and when the specimen reaches the yield stress of the specimen, the elongation is stopped, and the area A of the specimen after the rebound and shrinkage is recorded so as not to be changed1And then:
Figure GDA0002114573890000022
wherein, test ηHorizontal barWhen, to the area A0The specimen (2) is stretched in the width direction, and when the yield stress of the specimen is reached, the stretching is stopped, and the area A of the specimen after the rebound shrinkage is recorded to be constant2And then:
Figure GDA0002114573890000023
wherein, test ηDeflectionWhen, to the area A0The specimen (2) was stretched in a direction inclined at 45 DEG, and when the yield stress of the specimen was reached, the stretching was stopped, and the area A of the specimen after the rebound shrinkage was constant was recorded3And then:
Figure GDA0002114573890000024
preferably, since vinyl chloride monomer has a difference in local polymerization degree in the polymerization stage, the film has a certain difference in performance at a local position due to a forming process such as calendering. Aiming at the influence factor, the invention reduces the system error caused by the difference of the membrane performance stability by carrying out multi-point and multi-position sampling, repeated sampling for many times and calculating the average value as the test result of the elastic extension value on each PVC membrane.
According to the technical scheme of the invention, the stretching speed in the step (i) is 10 +/-5 mm/min.
According to the technical scheme of the invention, the yield stress in the step (i) is the maximum stress exerted in the PVC sample material, and the yield stress reaching the sample is determined by the time before pattern distortion or slight whitening of the sample does not occur in the stretching process. At this time, the appearance of the PVC sample is not affected by excessive deformation and pattern distortion.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the method for determining the temperature and pressure of the coating film includes:
determining the temperature t and the pressure Px of the coating according to the following formula, wherein the actual coating pressure Px is less than sigma, preferably close to but less than sigma, such as Px is 0.8-0.95 sigma;
tensile strength
Figure GDA0002114573890000031
Wherein: a is a characteristic constant relating to the material, U0The activation energy (KJ/mol) of the bond breaking process is shown, R is Boltzmann constant, gamma is a characteristic constant related to a material, t is temperature and has the unit of DEG C, and the tensile strength (tensile strength) is a critical value of the transition of the uniform plastic deformation to the local concentrated plastic deformation of the PVC film and has the unit of MPa.
The tensile strength is the maximum bearing capacity of the PVC film under a static tensile condition and represents the resistance of the maximum uniform plastic deformation of the material, the deformation of a tensile sample is uniform and consistent before the tensile sample bears the maximum tensile stress, but after the maximum tensile stress is exceeded, the PVC starts to have necking phenomenon, namely concentrated deformation is generated, and the root cause of pattern distortion and whitening is also generated.
According to the technical scheme of the invention, in the step S2, when the thickness specification of the PVC film is 0.14-0.20 mm, the film coating temperature is 160-220 ℃, and the mould pressing is 0.35-0.45 Mpa.
According to the technical scheme of the invention, in the step S2, the temperature and pressure conditions of the coating film are as follows: when the thickness specification of the used PVC film is 0.14 mm-0.20 mm, the PVC plastic film is heated for 15S at the temperature of 170 ℃ in summer and heated for 15S at the temperature of 200 ℃ in winter; the vacuum pressure was set at-0.08 MPa for 7S, and the molding pressure was set at 0.4MPa for 60S.
According to the process conditions, the covering surface of the PVC film reaches 99.2 percent of production qualification rate, and is a group of generally applicable pressure and temperature parameters.
Considering the difference of factors such as production environment, production equipment, PVC film and the like in various places, the invention can carry out adjustment within a certain range according to the parameter setting, and generally comprises three methods: (1) adjusting the pressure of the blister; (2) adjusting the temperature of the blister; (3) the heating and pressing time in the plastic suction process is adjusted.
According to the technical scheme of the invention, in step S2, a concave surface model is arranged on the concave-convex substrate surface of the coated surface, a superfine PVC film with the diameter less than or equal to 0.45mm is adopted to prick the hole, and air is exhausted by virtue of a pinhole, so that the problem of residual shrinkage at the concave surface of the concave-convex substrate surface is solved.
After pricking the holes of the PVC film, the original hole diameter can not be observed by naked eyes after the plastic suction treatment, so that the appearance quality can not be influenced, and the problem of residual shrinkage of the PVC film is solved.
The invention also relates to a method for cladding the concave-convex surface base material by using the PVC film, and an application of the method in the PVC film cladding process of the door plate.
The invention has the technical effects that:
according to the invention, the qualified PVC film is selected according to the surface modeling characteristics of the concave-convex base material of the covered surface, so that the PVC film has an elastic extension value meeting the requirement, and the problems of floating and pattern distortion of the PVC film on the surface of the concave-convex base material are relieved and reduced.
In some embodiments, the invention also provides a determination method for determining the temperature and the laminating pressure in the laminating process so as to minimize the problems of appearance damage caused by pattern distortion, whitening and local concentrated severe deformation of the PVC laminating film.
In some embodiments, the present invention also provides a set of coating process temperature and pressure conditions that have general applicability to achieve a 99.2% production pass rate for PVC coating.
In some embodiments, the invention also provides a method for reducing the residual shrinkage of the PVC film at the concave surface of the concave-convex substrate surface, which comprises the steps of pricking a pinhole with the diameter less than or equal to 0.45mm at the position corresponding to the concave surface on the PVC film, exhausting air by using the pinhole, enabling the appearance quality of a product after plastic suction to meet the requirement of beauty, enabling the product not to have flaws observed by naked eyes, and solving the residual shrinkage problem of the PVC film. For the unsmooth substrate exhaust of punching, prick the hole on the PVC membrane and exhaust obviously more simply high-efficient, the trompil worker has more selections and cheap, and the aperture also can be more tiny.
The aspects and features of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
Fig. 1A and 1B are schematic views illustrating technical problems in the conventional PVC film coating.
Fig. 2 is a picture showing the technical effect of coating a PVC film on a door panel according to the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
According to the intensive research and analysis of the inventor, the main reasons for generating the floating phenomenon are that when the PVC covering surface is carried out on the concave-convex base material surface, the pressure or vacuum adsorption is not enough, the ductility of the PVC film is poor (the performance of the PVC film material is caused and the process temperature is not reasonable), and the PVC film generates elastic shrinkage after covering surface, so that the floating is generated. The problems of pattern distortion and whitening are caused mainly because the elastic ductility of PVC is not enough, the external force action is greater than the elastic interval of the film, so that the PVC generates serious local concentrated plastic deformation, and the pattern printed on the surface of the PVC is distorted and partially whitened. The main reason for generating the residual shrinkage at the concave surface is that air in the closed space formed by the concave surface and the PVC film cannot be discharged, and air bubbles are generated. Therefore, the solution idea provided by the invention is as follows: select appropriate PVC membrane, the elastic shrinkage that the considered membrane tectorial membrane appears controls appropriate tectorial membrane pressure and temperature, makes the ductility of membrane and the three-dimensional molding design phase-match on unsmooth substrate surface, and at the tectorial membrane in-process, the control stress is tensile does not exceed the elasticity interval of PVC membrane, under the prerequisite that does not influence product quality outward appearance, corresponds concave surface molding department and sets up the exhaust hole.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for coating a concave-convex surface substrate with a PVC film, comprising:
s1, selecting a qualified PVC film, wherein the selection method comprises the following steps (I) to (III).
The method comprises the following steps: respectively cutting out multiple samples from each PVC film, and testing the elastic extension value eta of each sample of each PVC film in the transverse direction, the 45-degree off-axis direction and the longitudinal directionHorizontal bar、ηDeflection、ηLongitudinal direction. For example, the elastic extension value eta of a certain PVC filmHorizontal bar、ηDeflection、ηLongitudinal directionThe test procedure of (1) is as follows:
sample preparation: in GB/T1040.3-2006 specification, the 1B dumbbell shape is provided, and the area of a sample is 500mm2: the gauge length is 50mm +/-0.5 mm, and the width of the narrow parallel part is 10mm +/-0.2 mm. 3 sets of samples were prepared according to this method, one set being taken in each of the three directions, transverse, 45 off-axis and longitudinal, with 5 adjacent 1B dumbbell samples in each set.
Test conditions of the test specimen: the adjusting time is not less than 4h in the standard environment with the temperature of 23 ℃ plus or minus 2 ℃ and the humidity of 50 percent plus or minus 10 percent and the normal deviation range.
And (3) size measurement: the width and thickness of each sample were measured and the initial distance (gauge length) was measured. The width is accurate to 0.1mm, the thickness is accurate to 0.02mm, and the gauge length is accurate to 0.1 mm. The maximum and minimum values of width and thickness of each specimen were recorded and were guaranteed to be within the tolerance of the corresponding material standard. The arithmetic mean of the width and thickness of each specimen was calculated for use in other calculations, with the test results retaining three significant digits.
The testing process comprises the following steps: the sample is placed in the holder, taking care to align the long axis of the sample with the axis of the tester. When using a clamp centering pin, to obtain accurate centering, the sample should be tightened slightly before tightening the clamp and then the clamp should be clamped smoothly and firmly to prevent slippage of the sample. The test speed (no load) is 10 +/-5 mm/min, the load (tensile force, N) borne by the sample with the peak stress (elastic limit or yield point) and the corresponding stable and unchangeable marked line spacing and width of the sample after shrinkage are recorded, and the operation preferably adopts an automatic recording system capable of obtaining a complete stress/strain curve.
And (3) testing results: the test data was calculated using the following formula:
test ηLongitudinal directionWhen, to the area A0The sample (2) is stretched in the longitudinal direction, and when the peak stress of the sample is reached, the stretching is stopped, the length and width of the sample after rebound and shrinkage are recorded and the area A is calculated1The longitudinal tensile elastic extension value is as follows:
Figure GDA0002114573890000051
test ηHorizontal barWhen, to the area A0The sample (2) is stretched in the width direction, and when the peak stress of the sample is reached, the stretching is stopped, the length and width of the sample after rebound and shrinkage are recorded and are constant, and the area A is calculated2The transverse stretching elastic extension value is as follows:
Figure GDA0002114573890000052
test ηDeflectionWhen, to the area A0The specimen (2) was stretched in a direction inclined at 45 DEG, and when the peak stress of the specimen was reached, the stretching was stopped, and the area A of the specimen after the rebound and shrinkage was constant was recorded3Then 45 ° off-axis tensile elastic extension value:
Figure GDA0002114573890000061
wherein, because each group takes 5 samples in the transverse direction, 45 degrees off-axis direction and longitudinal direction, 5 calculated values can be respectively obtained in each direction, and the 5 calculated values are averaged to obtain the elastic extension value etaHorizontal bar、ηDeflection、ηLongitudinal directionThe test value of (1). The values of elastic extension η in these different directions will be given belowHorizontal bar、ηDeflection、ηLongitudinal directionThe test value of (2) is used as a reference to determine whether the PVC film meets the production requirements. Wherein the elastic extension value in the 45-degree off-axis direction corresponds to the stretching elastic deformation capacity of the curve modeling.
Wherein the elastic extension value eta of the test sampleHorizontal bar、ηDeflection、ηLongitudinal directionThe tensile speed of the tester is 10 + -5 mm/min, at which the test specimen can be kept in a relatively reasonable reaction time from a normal state to a yield state, the tensile strength of the PVC film test specimen is kept stable and the elongation at break can be kept at an average value, and the tensile strength determines when the peak stress of the test specimen is reached, so that the tensile speed of 10 + -5 mm/min is the most reasonable choice when testing the elastic elongation value of the test specimen.
Preferably, since vinyl chloride monomer has a difference in local polymerization degree in the polymerization stage, the film has a certain difference in performance at a local position due to a forming process such as calendering. Aiming at the influence factor, multi-point and multi-position sampling, repeated sampling for many times and average value calculation are needed to be carried out on each PVC membrane to serve as a test result of an elastic extension value, so that system errors caused by the difference of membrane performance stability are reduced. Thus, the 5 samples in each set in three different directions, transverse, 45 off-axis, and longitudinal, are preferably taken from different locations or sites on a sheet of PVC film.
Step two: calculating the surface area S of the coated concave-convex surface substrate, and measuring the projected area S of the coated concave-convex surface substrate0The elastic extension limit value eta of the film satisfying the production requirement is calculated according to the following formulaPole(s)：
Figure GDA0002114573890000062
S is the surface area of the substrate covered by the PVC film and can be calculated from the length of the cross-sectional curve line of the milled shape and the length of the milled shape to be retained, for example, when the length of the cross-sectional curve line of the milled shape is measured using a tape 35.36mm and the length of the milled shape to be retained is measured as L, S is 35.36. L mm2And if the projection length of the section curve line segment of the milling shape is 34.00mm, the plane projection area S corresponding to the milling shape0＝34.00·L mm2The rate of change of the milled figure relative to the projection plane is 4.06%, i.e. the elastic extension limit ηPole(s)The content was 4.06%.
In addition to the above-described method of calculating the surface area of the uneven surface substrate having a three-dimensional configuration on the surface, the surface area S of the coating film such as a door panel may be measured by other methods.
Step three: selecting the value of elastic extension etaHorizontal bar、ηDeflection、ηLongitudinal directionAre all greater than etaPole(s)As a conformable material for the facing.
When selecting whether the PVC film for cladding meets the requirements, the conditions are as follows: when the test result of the step (i)' longitudinal stretching elastic extension value etaLongitudinal direction"," transverse direction stretch elastic extension value ηHorizontal bar"45 degree off-axis stretching elastic extension value eta corresponding to curve-shaped elastic stretchingDeflection"all above the elastic extension limit η of the facingPole(s)And meanwhile, the PVC film is a qualified covering film and can be used in the next covering process.
And S2, determining the temperature and pressure of the film, and coating the PVC film selected in the S1 on the surface of the concave-convex base material under the temperature and pressure conditions.
Under the prerequisite that the elastic stretch value of the PVC membrane of selecting and the molding demand phase-match on unsmooth substrate surface, according to mechanical properties, the temperature characteristic of PVC material, combine actual tectorial membrane production pressure and temperature to the defective rate that the product appears floating phenomenon is less than 1% as the basis of solving the floating problem.
Preferably, when determining the specific process parameters of the coating, the present invention specifically determines the temperature condition t and the pressure Px of the coating in step S2 according to the following formulas, specifically, the actual coating pressure Px < σ when coating is performed, and σ is the tensile strength of a PVC film at the temperature t:
tensile strength
Figure GDA0002114573890000071
Wherein: a is a characteristic constant relating to the material, U0The activation energy (KJ/mol) of the bond breaking process is shown, R is Boltzmann constant, gamma is a characteristic constant related to a material, t is temperature and has the unit of DEG C, and the tensile strength (tensile strength) is a critical value of the transition of the uniform plastic deformation to the local concentrated plastic deformation of the PVC film and has the unit of MPa.
Under the above conditions, Px < sigma, the PVC film can be kept to have a complete appearance, the pattern fidelity is high, and the whitening phenomenon does not occur even if the PVC film is in uniform plastic deformation rather than severe "local concentrated" deformation, because the pattern distortion is caused. However, the coating pressure cannot be too low, and if the PVC coating is applied to the surface of the uneven substrate, the pressure or vacuum adsorption is insufficient, which may cause a problem of floating. Therefore, it is preferable that Px is close to σ but smaller than σ in the actual coating treatment, and Px is 0.8 to 0.95 σ, for example.
According to the principle of determining the temperature and pressure of the film coating, the invention provides a group of film coating pressure and temperature conditions with general applicability, namely: when the thickness specification of the used PVC film is 0.14 mm-0.20 mm, the PVC plastic film is heated for 15S at the temperature of 170 ℃ in summer and heated for 15S at the temperature of 200 ℃ in winter; the vacuum pressure was set at-0.08 MPa for 7S, and the molding pressure was set at 0.4MPa for 60S. According to the process conditions, the covering surface of the PVC film reaches 99.2 percent of production percent of pass, and the expected purpose that the reject ratio of the covering surface product with the floating phenomenon is less than 1 percent is met.
According to the thought and the method, Jiangshan European department of door industry, Inc., the method of the invention is applied to the PVC film covering process of the door panel. Through calculation and analysis, the PVC film selected in the production is a plastic-absorbing film with elastic extension values eta transverse, eta partial and eta longitudinal of more than or equal to 7.21 percent (if golden pomelo is selected) and the thickness specification of 0.15-0.16 mm. The use equipment comprises the following steps: TM2680-C type vacuum profile hot press, Shandong Taian Zhanhong Wood industry machinery Co. The conditions of the plastic suction and film covering are as follows: heating at 200 ℃ for 15S; the vacuum pressure was set at-0.08 MPa for 7S, and the molding pressure was set at 0.4MPa for 60S.
The products before and after the door plate is subjected to PVC film coating treatment are shown in figure 2. The left side is before the uncoated side, and the right side is the photograph placed in the warehouse for 5 days after the coating is completed. Wherein, the part circled by the ellipse of the picture of figure 2, the concave surface molding department is easy to bleed and sinks the position of shrink, when the plastic uptake tectorial membrane, adopts the diameter 0.45mm superfine to prick the hole to covering in this concave surface molding's PVC membrane, realizes the exhaust with the help of the pinhole, has solved the concave surface department of unsmooth surface substrate and has produced the problem of sinking and shrinking, and the surface can not see the pinhole flaw with the naked eye. For the unsmooth surface substrate exhaust of punching, prick the hole on the PVC membrane and exhaust obviously more simply high-efficient, the trompil worker has more choices and cheap, and the aperture also can be more tiny. Referring to the circled part of the picture in fig. 2, after the door panel is placed for 5 days, the whitening phenomenon does not occur at the top of the convex modeling, and the floating problem does not exist at the corner of the convex modeling, so that the film coating effect is very ideal.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A method for cladding a concave-convex surface substrate by using a PVC film is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: selecting a qualified PVC film, wherein the selection method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: respectively cutting out multiple samples from each PVC film, and testing the elastic extension value eta of each sample of each PVC film in the transverse direction, the 45-degree off-axis direction and the longitudinal directionHorizontal bar、ηDeflection、ηLongitudinal direction；
In the step I, each sample of each PVC film is tested for the elastic extension value eta in the transverse direction, the 45-degree off-axis direction and the longitudinal directionHorizontal bar、ηDeflection、ηLongitudinal directionThe method comprises the following steps:
wherein, test ηLongitudinal directionWhen, to the area A0The specimen (2) is elongated in the longitudinal direction, and when the specimen reaches the yield stress of the specimen, the elongation is stopped, and the area A of the specimen after the rebound and shrinkage is recorded so as not to be changed1And then:
Figure FDA0002670696570000011
wherein, test ηHorizontal barWhen, to the area A0The specimen (2) is stretched in the width direction, and when the yield stress of the specimen is reached, the stretching is stopped, and the area A of the specimen after the rebound shrinkage is recorded to be constant2And then:
Figure FDA0002670696570000012
wherein, test ηDeflectionWhen, to the area A0The specimen (2) was stretched in a direction inclined at 45 DEG, and when the yield stress of the specimen was reached, the stretching was stopped, and the area A of the specimen after the rebound shrinkage was constant was recorded3And then:
Figure FDA0002670696570000013
the stretching speed is 10 +/-5 mm/min;
the yield stress is the maximum stress which can be exerted in the PVC sample material, and the yield stress reaching the sample is determined by the moment before pattern distortion or slight whitening does not occur in the stretching process of the sample;
step two: calculating the covered concave-convex surface base materialWhile measuring the projected area S of the coated uneven surface substrate0The elastic extension limit value eta of the film satisfying the production requirement is calculated according to the following formulaPole(s)：
Figure FDA0002670696570000021
Step three: selecting the value of elastic extension etaHorizontal bar、ηDeflection、ηLongitudinal directionAre all greater than etaPole(s)The PVC film is used as a qualified material of the cladding;
s2: and determining the temperature and pressure of the coating film, and coating the PVC film selected in the S1 on the surface of the concave-convex substrate under the temperature and pressure conditions.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, when the thickness of the PVC film is 0.14 mm-0.20 mm, the film-coating temperature is 160-220 ℃, and the mold-pressing pressure is 0.35-0.45 MPa.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein in step S2, the temperature and pressure conditions of the coating film are: when the thickness specification of the used PVC film is 0.14 mm-0.20 mm, the PVC plastic film is heated for 15S at the temperature of 170 ℃ in summer and heated for 15S at the temperature of 200 ℃ in winter; the vacuum pressure was set at-0.08 MPa for 7S, and the molding pressure was set at 0.4MPa for 60S.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein in step S2, one or more of the following parameters are finely adjusted according to differences of production environments, production equipment and PVC films: (1) adjusting the pressure of the blister; (2) adjusting the temperature of the blister; (3) the heating and pressing time in the plastic suction process is adjusted.
5. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in step S2, the concave surface of the substrate surface is perforated with ultra-fine PVC film with a diameter of 0.45mm or less, so as to form a closed space for smooth air discharge during the film coating process.
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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5591625A (en) * 1978-12-30 1980-07-11 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Manufacture of decorative laminated sheet
CN1612800A (en) * 2001-12-10 2005-05-04 日立化成工业株式会社 Film laminating method and laminating apparatus
CN101434173A (en) * 2008-12-18 2009-05-20 浙江劲源科技发展有限公司 Processing method of multicolour concavo-convex panel
CN102619444A (en) * 2012-03-30 2012-08-01 浙江开洋门业有限公司 Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) decorative molded door panel and machining method thereof

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5591625A (en) * 1978-12-30 1980-07-11 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Manufacture of decorative laminated sheet
CN1612800A (en) * 2001-12-10 2005-05-04 日立化成工业株式会社 Film laminating method and laminating apparatus
CN101434173A (en) * 2008-12-18 2009-05-20 浙江劲源科技发展有限公司 Processing method of multicolour concavo-convex panel
CN102619444A (en) * 2012-03-30 2012-08-01 浙江开洋门业有限公司 Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) decorative molded door panel and machining method thereof

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