CN110142392A - A kind of TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION manufacturing process of steel ball - Google Patents
A kind of TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION manufacturing process of steel ball Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110142392A CN110142392A CN201910438500.6A CN201910438500A CN110142392A CN 110142392 A CN110142392 A CN 110142392A CN 201910438500 A CN201910438500 A CN 201910438500A CN 110142392 A CN110142392 A CN 110142392A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- steel ball
- tube
- liquid
- extrusion
- liquid extrusion
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
- B22D18/02—Pressure casting making use of mechanical pressure devices, e.g. cast-forging
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/36—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for balls; for rollers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of manufacturing process of the TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION of steel ball, including melting → liquid forging → heat treatment, the TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION are as follows: after liquid state squeezing die is fixed on indirect extrusion casting machine, in the steel ball solution quantitative pouring to liquid state squeezing die that melting is obtained, pouring temperature is 1500-1600 DEG C, and pressing speed is 20-50mm/s, and filling time is 1-8s, than pressing 150-250mpa. and at this pressure 10-40s of pressure maintaining, nearly whole steel ball is obtained；Using after-heat quenching+lonneal of the closely whole steel ball of TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION, TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION steel ball disclosed by the invention not only reduces cost and improves production efficiency, but also effectively guarantees the microstructure state of steel ball, improves comprehensive mechanical property.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of abrasion-proof steel ball technical fields, and in particular to the TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION manufacturing process of steel ball.
Background technique
Steel ball is widely used in the fields such as mine concentration, building material cement factory, thermal power plant, refractory factory.Tradition system
Standby technique is that molten steel is poured into sand mold riser to enter type chamber.
Prior art has the following problems:
1) process is various, and production efficiency is low, wastes production material.
2) molten steel utilization rate is low, and utilization rate is only 75%.
3) knockout, hardness are uneven, and steel ball is caused to lose circle rate 100%, not clean, and comprehensive mechanical property decline causes steel ball
It is broken, not wear-resisting, many defects such as at high cost of poor quality.
Summary of the invention
In response to the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of manufacturing process of TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION steel ball,
This method can simplify steel ball production link and process flow, and the steel ball wearability of simultaneous processing is strong, steel ball do not lose circle, it is not broken,
Dense structure, improves comprehensive mechanical property, and molten steel utilization rate is up to 95%.It is energy saving, founding materials are saved, production cost is reduced,
It reduces labor intensity, is convenient for mechanization flow line production, improve production efficiency.
Steps are as follows for steel ball TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION manufacturing process provided by the invention: melting → TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION → Heat Treatment；
1, melting are as follows: steel is according to chemical composition matched and carries out melting, by the steel of melting after foundry test chemical examination, adjusting component are qualified
Water is put into be cast in insulated bag；
2, TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION:
(1) after liquid state squeezing die being fixed on indirect extrusion casting machine, 150--200 DEG C is preheated in liquid state squeezing die type
It is intracavitary uniformly to spray a coating, continue preheating liquid extrusion die to 300 --- 400 DEG C；
(2) in the steel ball solution quantitative pouring to liquid state squeezing die for obtaining melting.Pouring temperature is 1500-1600 DEG C, is added
Pressure speed is 20-50mm/s, and filling time is 1-8s, than pressing 150-250mpa. and at this pressure pressure maintaining 10---40s,
Obtain nearly whole steel ball；
3, Heat Treatment is 850 DEG C -870 DEG C, keeps the temperature 30--50min, is tempered 200--300 DEG C of heat preservation 3h after the completion of quenching, comes out of the stove
It is air-cooled.
Above-mentioned liquid state squeezing die are as follows: be equipped with upper and lower mould, upper and lower mould side is equipped with connection lock；Upper and lower mould is opposite
Several opposite hemispherical cavities are respectively set on face, upper and lower opposite hemispherical cavity synthesizing spherical TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION chamber；On each
The hemispherical cavity of mould connects gas vent；Extruding center chamber is arranged in upper mold center, and extruding center chamber has fluid passage to lead to each ball
Shape TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION chamber, the extrusion head that another setting matches with extruding center chamber.
Above-mentioned liquid state squeezing die are as follows: be equipped with upper and lower mould, upper and lower mould side is equipped with connection lock: upper and lower mould is opposite
One opposite hemispherical cavity is respectively set on face, upper and lower opposite hemispherical cavity synthesizing spherical TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION chamber；Upper mold
Hemispherical cavity connects gas vent；Extruding center chamber, another setting and extruding center chamber phase is arranged in the hemispherical cavity top of upper mold
The extrusion head matched, the lower end of extrusion head are part-spherical.
The positive effect of the present invention is as follows:
1) stomata inside steel ball can be eliminated using TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION, shrinkage cavity and it is loose the defects of, steel ball is crystallized under stress, is generated
Partial mold deformation makes steel ball dense structure, and crystal grain is tiny.
2) liquid metal is shaped and is solidified under stress, is kept the fitting of steel ball type chamber close, is prevented crackle, thus liquid
Squeezing steel ball has higher surface smoothness and precision, and rank can reach
The level of die casting finish refines the microscopic structure of metallographic, improves mechanical property, solves what forging can't resolve
The problem of high-carbon high-alloy steel ball.Quality is forged horizontal close to similar alloy.
3) TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION steel ball each position in process of setting is in compressive stress state, is conducive to the feeding of steel ball and prevents
The generation of casting crack.
4) TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION steel ball simplifies technique, and process is short, effectively improves production efficiency, reduces cost, improves mechanical property
Can, service life increases by 30%.
5) without sand riser, steel ball without knockout phenomenon, hardness uniformly, steel ball do not lose circle (apple ball phenomenon)；Steel ball without riser,
95% or more molten steel utilization rate, the molten steel utilization rate than sand cast steel ball improve 20%.
6) TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION technology has simple process, good mechanical property, high production efficiency.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the mold sections figure of embodiment one.
Fig. 2 is the A-A cross-sectional view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the mold sections figure of embodiment two.
Fig. 4 is the liquid state squeezing die upper mold top view of embodiment two.
Fig. 5 is the connection lock schematic diagram of upper and lower mould side.
Specific embodiment
The specific embodiment of steel ball TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION manufacturing process of the invention is made combined with specific embodiments below detailed
Explanation.
Embodiment one: production 6mn5si4cr5 abrasion-proof steel ball.
Steel ball TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION manufacturing process step described in the present embodiment: melting → TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION → Heat Treatment.
1, melting are as follows: steel is subjected to melting by 6mn5si4cr5 chemical component proportion, foundry test chemical examination is adjusted to division
Melting molten steel is put into after lattice to be cast in insulated bag.
2, TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION:
(1) liquid state squeezing die: being shown in Fig. 1-2,5, it is equipped with upper and lower mould 6,2, upper and lower mould side is equipped with connection lock: i.e. in lower die
Side connects lock pin 6-1 by axis 2-1 connection latch hook 3, in upper mold side, and when the molding of upper and lower mould, latch hook 3 is hooked on lock pin
On 6-1, to prevent play between upper and lower mould.Four groups of opposite hemispherical cavities 4,1 are respectively set on upper and lower mould opposite face, upper,
Opposite hemispherical cavity synthesizing spherical TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION chamber down；The hemispherical cavity of each upper mold connects gas vent 5；Each upper mold
Extruding center chamber 8 is arranged in central part, and extruding center chamber 8 has fluid passage to lead to each spherical TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION chamber.Another setting and extruding
The extrusion head 7 that center cavity matches.Multiple spherical TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION cavity moulds that the present embodiment uses are suitable for diameter less than 200mm's
Steel ball manufacture craft.
After liquid state squeezing die is fixed on indirect extrusion casting machine, 150--200 DEG C is preheated in liquid state squeezing die type
It is intracavitary uniformly to spray one layer of graphite paint, coating 10---20um.Continue preheating liquid extrusion die to 300 --- 400 DEG C.
(2) in the steel ball solution quantitative pouring to liquid state squeezing die for obtaining melting.Pouring temperature is 1500-1600
DEG C, pressing speed is 20-50mm/s, and filling time is 1-8s, than pressing 150-250mpa. and at this pressure pressure maintaining 10---
40s obtains nearly whole steel ball.
3, Heat Treatment is 850 DEG C, keeps the temperature 30--50min, is tempered 200--300 DEG C of heat preservation 3h, sky of coming out of the stove after the completion of quenching
It is cold.
TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION has following process characteristic:
1) stomata inside steel ball can be eliminated using TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION, shrinkage cavity and it is loose the defects of, steel ball is crystallized under stress, is generated
Partial mold deformation makes steel ball dense structure, and crystal grain is tiny.
2) liquid metal is shaped and is solidified under stress, keeps the fitting of steel ball type chamber close, thus TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION steel ball have compared with
High surface smoothness and precision, rank can reach the level of die casting finish, improve mechanical property, quality is close to together
Class alloy forging is horizontal.
3) TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION steel ball each position in process of setting is in compressive stress state, is conducive to the feeding of steel ball and prevents
The generation of casting crack.
4) TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION steel ball can reduce cost, improve molten steel Utilization rate 95%.TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION technology have simple process,
The advantages that good mechanical property, high production efficiency.
Embodiment two: production High chromium alloy wear-resistance steel ball.
Steel ball TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION manufacturing process step is with embodiment one described in the present embodiment:
1, melting are as follows: steel is subjected to melting by high-chromium alloy chemical component proportion, it will after foundry test chemical examination, adjusting component are qualified
Melting molten steel is put into be cast in insulated bag.
2, TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION:
(1) liquid state squeezing die: being shown in Fig. 3-4,5, mold is equipped with upper and lower mould, and upper and lower mould side is equipped with connection lock: i.e. under
Mould side connects lock pin 6-1 by axis 2-1 connection latch hook 3, in upper mold side, and when the molding of upper and lower mould, latch hook 3 is hooked on lock
It sells on 6-1, to prevent play between upper and lower mould.Four groups of opposite hemispherical cavities 4,1 are respectively set on upper and lower mould opposite face,
Upper and lower opposite hemispherical cavity synthesizing spherical TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION chamber；The hemispherical cavity of each upper mold connects gas vent 5；Each
Extruding center chamber 8, the extrusion head 7 that another setting matches with extruding center chamber 8, extrusion head 7 is arranged in the hemispherical cavity top of upper mold
Lower end be part-spherical.The mold for the single spherical TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION chamber that the present embodiment uses is more than or equal to suitable for diameter
The steel ball manufacture craft of 200mm.
After liquid state squeezing die is fixed on indirect extrusion casting machine, 150--200 DEG C is preheated in liquid state squeezing die type
It is intracavitary uniformly to spray one layer of graphite paint, coating 10---20um.Continue preheating liquid extrusion die to 300 --- 400 DEG C.
TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION is in the steel ball solution quantitative pouring to liquid state squeezing die for obtaining melting.Pouring temperature is 1500
DEG C, pressing speed is 20-50mm/s, and filling time is 1-8s, than pressing 150-250mpa. and at this pressure pressure maintaining 10---
40s obtains nearly whole steel ball.
3, Heat Treatment is 860 DEG C, keeps the temperature 30--60min, is tempered 450--550 DEG C of heat preservation 3h after the completion of oil hardening, comes out of the stove
It is air-cooled.
The process characteristic that TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION has is the same as embodiment one.
Embodiment three: production low chrome abrasion-proof steel ball.
Steel ball TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION manufacturing process step is the same as embodiment one described in the present embodiment
1, melting are as follows: steel is subjected to melting by low chrome chemical component proportion, it will after foundry test chemical examination, adjusting component are qualified
Melting molten steel is put into be cast in insulated bag.
2, TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION:
(1) liquid state squeezing die: see that Fig. 1-2, mold are equipped with upper and lower mould 6,2, upper and lower mould side is equipped with connection lock (same to example
One).Four groups of opposite hemispherical cavities 4,1 are respectively set on upper and lower mould opposite face, upper and lower opposite hemispherical cavity synthesizes ball
Shape TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION chamber；The hemispherical cavity of each upper mold connects gas vent 5；Extruding center chamber 8 is arranged in each upper mold central part, squeezes
Pressure center cavity 8 has fluid passage to lead to each spherical TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION chamber.The extrusion head 7 that another setting matches with extruding center chamber.
After liquid state squeezing die is fixed on indirect extrusion casting machine, 150--200 DEG C is preheated in liquid state squeezing die type
It is intracavitary uniformly to spray one layer of graphite paint, coating 10---20um.Continue preheating liquid extrusion die to 300 --- 400 DEG C.
(2) in the steel ball solution quantitative pouring to liquid state squeezing die for obtaining melting.Pouring temperature is 1500 DEG C, pressurization
Speed is 20-50mm/s, and filling time is 1-8s, than pressing 150-250mpa. and at this pressure pressure maintaining 10---40s, is obtained
To nearly whole steel ball.
3, Heat Treatment is 860 DEG C, keeps the temperature 30--60min, is tempered 450--550 DEG C of heat preservation 3h after the completion, comes out of the stove air-cooled.
The process characteristic that TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION has is the same as embodiment one.
Finally, it is stated that: the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limiting.Although referring to compared with
Good embodiment describes the invention in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that, it can be to the technology of the present invention
Scheme is modified or replaced equivalently.Without departing from the objective and range of technical solution of the present invention, should all cover in this hair
In bright scope of the claims.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION manufacturing process of steel ball, it is characterized in that: steps are as follows for steel ball TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION manufacturing process: melting →
TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION → Heat Treatment；
(1), melting are as follows: steel is according to chemical composition matched and carries out melting, by melting after foundry test chemical examination, adjusting component are qualified
Molten steel is put into be cast in insulated bag；
(2), TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION:
A, after liquid state squeezing die being fixed on indirect extrusion casting machine, 150--200 DEG C is preheated in liquid state squeezing die type chamber
It is interior uniformly to spray a coating, continue preheating liquid extrusion die to 300 --- 400 DEG C；
B, in the steel ball solution quantitative pouring to liquid state squeezing die for obtaining melting；
Pouring temperature is 1500-1600 DEG C, and pressing speed is 20-50mm/s, and filling time is 1-8s, than pressure 150-
250mpa. and at this pressure pressure maintaining 10---40s obtain nearly whole steel ball；
(3), Heat Treatment is 850 DEG C -870 DEG C, keeps the temperature 30--50min, is tempered 200--300 DEG C of heat preservation 3h after the completion of quenching, out
Furnace is air-cooled.
2. the TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION manufacturing process of steel ball according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: liquid state squeezing die are as follows: be equipped with it is upper,
Lower die, upper and lower mould side are equipped with connection lock；Several opposite hemispherical cavities are respectively set on upper and lower mould opposite face, above and below
Opposite hemispherical cavity synthesizing spherical TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION chamber；The hemispherical cavity of each upper mold connects gas vent；In each upper mold
Extruding center chamber is arranged in center portion, and extruding center chamber has fluid passage to lead to each spherical TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION chamber；Another setting and extruding center
The extrusion head that chamber matches.
3. the TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION manufacturing process of steel ball according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: liquid state squeezing die are as follows: mold is set
There is upper and lower mould, upper and lower mould side is equipped with connection lock；An opposite hemispherical cavity is respectively set on upper and lower mould opposite face,
Upper and lower opposite hemispherical cavity synthesizing spherical TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION chamber；The hemispherical cavity of upper mold connects gas vent；The hemisphere of upper mold
Extruding center chamber, the extrusion head that another setting matches with extruding center chamber is arranged in shape inner cavity top, and the lower end of extrusion head is partial sphere
Shape.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910438500.6A CN110142392A (en) | 2019-05-24 | 2019-05-24 | A kind of TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION manufacturing process of steel ball |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910438500.6A CN110142392A (en) | 2019-05-24 | 2019-05-24 | A kind of TUBE BY LIQUID EXTRUSION manufacturing process of steel ball |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113828756A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2021-12-24 | 石家庄腾鹄锻造有限责任公司 | Novel production process of steel casting |
| CN113996776A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-02-01 | 邢书明 | Device and method for non-solid die forging grinding ball |
| CN114346210A (en) * | 2022-01-11 | 2022-04-15 | 松山湖材料实验室 | Casting mold, casting device, and casting method |
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| CN101445889A (en) * | 2008-12-26 | 2009-06-03 | 马鞍山市益丰实业集团有限公司 | High abrasion proof re-synthesizing cast iron grinding ball and production method thereof |
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| CN86100682A (en) * | 1986-01-27 | 1986-09-10 | 张瑞龙 | Automatic gastight machine for vacuum die casting of nodular cast iron balls without gate and riser |
| CN86208247U (en) * | 1986-10-27 | 1988-03-16 | 张瑞龙 | Evacuated die-casting equipment for dead-head-less ductile iron ball |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113828756A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2021-12-24 | 石家庄腾鹄锻造有限责任公司 | Novel production process of steel casting |
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| CN114346210A (en) * | 2022-01-11 | 2022-04-15 | 松山湖材料实验室 | Casting mold, casting device, and casting method |
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Application publication date: 20190820 |