CN110142279B

CN110142279B - System and method for harmless treatment of iron-based substances with high sulfur content

Info

Publication number: CN110142279B
Application number: CN201910404852.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 沈齐晖; 高美琴
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-05-15
Filing date: 2019-05-15
Publication date: 2021-02-12
Anticipated expiration: 2039-05-15
Also published as: CN110142279A

Abstract

The invention discloses a system and a method for carrying out innocent treatment on an iron-based substance with high sulfur content, wherein the system comprises: continuous feeding equipment, reaction and evaporation equipment, dust collecting equipment, cooling equipment and tank equipment are used for solving the defects in the dangerous waste treatment of the iron-based substances with high sulfur content. According to the system and the method, the iron-based substances with high sulfur content can be harmlessly treated into the iron oxide mixture and sulfur without spontaneous combustion risk and pollution risk at normal temperature, and the system and the method have the outstanding advantages of low system investment, environmental friendliness, high product resource utilization level and low operation cost, and greatly improve the treatment technical level of the iron-based substance dangerous waste with high sulfur content.

Description

System and method for harmless treatment of iron-based substances with high sulfur content

Technical Field

The invention relates to a system and a method for carrying out innocent treatment on a high-sulfur-content iron-based substance, in particular to a system and a method for innocent treatment of a waste desulfurizer, which are suitable for pyrite smelting and sulfur slag treatment technologies in the metallurgy field and belong to the field of hazardous waste treatment.

Background

The high sulfur content iron-based material is a mixture mainly comprising iron sulfide and active sulfur, and mainly comprises waste desulfurizer, waste sulfur slag and the like.

For H in coal gas produced in petrochemical, steel and coking industries₂The method for deeply removing S is an active iron oxide method besides a wet catalytic oxidation method. The desulfurizer used by the active iron oxide method needs to be regenerated until being replaced when the desulfurizer approaches or reaches the saturated sulfur capacity. The waste desulfurizer belongs to non-specific industrial hazardous waste, the dangerous waste code is HW06, and the dangerous waste code of the sulfur-containing residue and the desulfurization waste liquid generated in the wet catalytic oxidation method is HW 11.

The waste desulfurizer of the active iron oxide method is typically characterized by being cylindrical particles with the diameter of 4-5mm and the length of about 25mm, and the natural bulk density is about 1.06 multiplied by 10³kg/m³The chemical components of the catalyst mainly comprise CaO, Fe, S and the like, and the specific reference can be made to the following table 1:

TABLE 1 chemical composition of spent desulfurization agent

Wherein Fe and S are mainly FeS and Fe₂S₃Elemental S, etc., and a small amount of organic sulfur is also present. The waste desulfurizer can generate spontaneous combustion in air and is not suitable for long-term storage. SO generation during slow oxidation and combustion₂And Fe₂O₃The reaction is as follows:

4FeS+7O₂＝2Fe₂O₃+4SO₂↑

Fe₂S₃+3/2O₂＝Fe₂O₃+3S↑

S+O₂＝SO₂↑

the generated reaction heat also causes the solid elemental sulfur particles in the waste desulfurizing agent to volatilize in the form of sulfur vapor.

At present, for the treatment measures of the waste desulfurizer and the sulfur-containing residues generated in the wet catalytic oxidation method, two resource utilization modes are common besides deep stacking and burning: (1) mixing with pyrite, and converting sulfur element therein to produce sulfuric acid; (2) mixing and sintering with iron ore to obtain pellets and recovering iron element, the operation condition of sintering device is deteriorated during mixing and sintering, and sulfur element contained in sintering process is almost completely converted into SO₂Mixing the mixture with sintering flue gas, transferring and then treating.

The two utilization modes are that the waste desulfurizer is mixed into the raw material of a large industrial device, and the sulfur element contained in the waste desulfurizer is converted into SO₂The treatment has high dependence degree on large industrial devices, long hazardous waste transfer distance, more storage and transportation limiting conditions and single sulfur utilization way.

The main component of the pyrite is FeS₂And the soil can be slowly oxidized along with the time when being piled up, and the air and the soil are seriously polluted. Therefore, domestic pyrite is mostly used for producing sulfuric acid and iron oxide. The above disadvantages also exist.

So far, no iron-based substance harmless treatment technology with small flow, low cost and environment-friendly nature exists.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a system and a method for harmless treatment of a high sulfur content iron-based substance, which are used for solving the above-mentioned disadvantages in the treatment of a high sulfur content iron-based substance hazardous waste.

The invention provides a harmless treatment system for iron-based substances with high sulfur content, which comprises: continuous feeding equipment, reaction and evaporation equipment, dust collecting equipment, cooling equipment and tank equipment:

wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the continuous feeding equipment comprises a feeding storage hopper 1, a pushing mechanism 2 and an air blower 4; the lower end of the charging storage hopper 1 is connected with a material pushing mechanism 2, and the iron-sulfur-based raw material A falls into the material pushing mechanism 2 due to gravity; the pushing mechanism 2 continuously feeds the iron-sulfur-based raw material A into an inlet of the reaction and evaporation equipment 3; the air blower 4 sends air B into the reaction and evaporation equipment 3;

the reaction and evaporation equipment is horizontally and slightly obliquely arranged according to the flow direction of solid materials in the equipment, a vertical gas outlet of the reaction and evaporation equipment is connected with a gas inlet of the dust removal equipment, and a hot solid outlet of the reaction and evaporation equipment is connected with an iron slag cooler 5 coaxially arranged at the center; the reaction and evaporation device 3 is provided with a heater to provide starting conditions for the reaction to start;

the dust removal equipment is a dust remover 10, a dust removal ash outlet of the dust removal equipment is vertically connected with the iron slag cooler 5, and a gas outlet of the dust removal equipment is in butt joint with a sulfur condenser 9;

the cooling equipment comprises an iron slag cooler 5 and a sulfur condenser 9; the solid material in the iron slag cooler 5 indirectly exchanges heat with a heat transfer medium, and the solid material inlet of the iron slag cooler is provided with two parts: one part is coaxially connected with the center of a hot solid material outlet of the reaction and evaporation equipment 3, the other part is vertically connected with a dust removal ash outlet of the dust remover 10, and a solid material outlet of the iron slag cooler 5 is connected with the quenching water seal tank 6; the deashing hot gas in the sulfur condenser 9 exchanges heat with the heat transfer medium indirectly, sulfur steam contained in the hot gas is condensed into sulfur liquid drops and then discharged into the sulfur liquid seal tank 8 through an interface at the bottom of the device, and the gas discharged from the sulfur condenser 9 contains SO₂Introducing said SO₂The flue gas is sent to other devices for absorption or is discharged after being cleaned and desulfurized on site;

the tank equipment comprises a sulfur liquid seal tank 8, a quenching water seal tank 6 and a wet material storage hopper 7; the sulfur liquid seal tank 8 and the quenching water seal tank 6 both have liquid seal functions, and feed pipes of the sulfur liquid seal tank and the quenching water seal tank are inserted into liquid which is kept in a specific liquid level; the sulfur liquid seal tank 8 equally discharges the liquid sulfur C from the sulfur condenser; the quenching water seal tank 6 is provided with a solid material conveying facility, and the hot solid material is transferred to the wet material storage hopper 7 after being quenched and wetted.

The harmless treatment system for the iron-based objects with high sulfur content is characterized in that the material pushing mechanism 2 is one selected from a rotary sealing valve, a screw feeder or an electric hydraulic plunger.

According to the harmless treatment system for the iron-based objects with high sulfur content, the heater arranged on the reaction and evaporation equipment 3 supplies heat in a jacket mode by an electric heater or a heating medium.

The harmless treatment system for the iron-based objects with high sulfur content is characterized in that the dust remover 10 is selected from one of a gravity dust remover and an electric dust remover.

According to the harmless treatment system for the iron base with high sulfur content, the sulfur condenser 9 is slightly inclined horizontally or vertically according to the flow direction of deashing hot gas in the equipment.

According to the harmless treatment system for the iron-based objects with high sulfur content, the heat transfer medium can be selected from one or more of normal-temperature air B, boiler water supply D, circulating cooling water or heat transfer oil according to external public and auxiliary conditions of the system.

Further, the heat transfer medium may be used in an open circuit among the constituent devices of the system, or may be used in a cascade among the constituent devices of the system.

According to the harmless treatment system for the iron-based substances with high sulfur content, the quenching water seal tank 6 is also provided with a solid material conveying mechanism.

Further, the solid material conveying mechanism is selected from one of a chain plate machine, a grab bucket or a rotary sealing valve.

The harmless treatment system for the iron base with high sulfur content in the invention is characterized in that the continuous feeding equipment also comprises a circulating gas aspirator 11.

Further, the circulation gas aspirator 11 is selected from one of a blower or a venturi.

In another aspect, the invention also provides a method for harmlessly treating a high-sulfur-content iron-based substance, which adopts the system to carry out harmlessness treatment on the high-sulfur-content iron-based substance, wherein the method comprises the following steps:

1) continuously adding iron-based raw material A with high sulfur content, oxygen and inert gas into a continuous feeding device;

2) the three substances are mixed in the reaction and evaporation equipment 3 and then oxidized, the released energy continuously provides the driving force required by the decomposition and evaporation of the raw materials, and the own raw materials and the generated elemental sulfur are evaporated into sulfur steam; wherein the oxygen supply amount is lower than that for completely generating the iron oxide and SO from the raw materials₂The required oxygen supply amount is from the oxygen supply amount required for completely generating the iron oxide from the raw material to the oxygen supply amount required for completely generating the iron oxide and SO₂The required oxygen supply amount is in the range; controlling the temperature of the reaction product system by adjusting the amount of inert gas and the amount of oxygen supplied; the generated hot gas-solid mixture continuously moves forward and is discharged out of the reaction and evaporation equipment 3;

3) dedusting the gas stream in the hot gas-solids mixture in a deduster 10;

4) the condenser 9 continuously and indirectly cools the dedusted gas system, and condenses and cools sulfur vapor contained in the gas system; and continuously discharging SO-containing gas₂The inert gas of (4);

5) a solid system including fly ash in the reaction product system is continuously discharged and directly cooled, and the solid product of the iron oxide mixture is transported and stored in a wet state.

Further, the method comprises the following specific steps:

s1, the iron-sulfur-based raw material A falls into a material pushing mechanism 2 from a feeding storage hopper 1 due to gravity, the material pushing mechanism 2 continuously feeds the iron-sulfur-based raw material A into an inlet end of a reaction and evaporation device 3, and a normal-temperature compact material layer is formed at the inlet end of the reaction and evaporation device and is kept at the position all the time; with the reciprocating pushing action of the pushing mechanism 2, the compact material layer moves forwards; the air blower 4 sends air B into the reaction and evaporation equipment 3;

s2, a compact material layer entering the reaction and evaporation equipment 3 moves forwards and passes through an air blowing pipe arranged at the front part of the equipment, namelyThe blown pipe and the airflow blown by the blown pipe are crushed and dispersed; when the loose material layer is contacted with air B, oxidation spontaneous combustion occurs; the generated reaction heat evaporates the raw materials and the generated elemental sulfur into sulfur vapor; in order to fully oxidize the iron sulfide into the iron oxide, the amount of added air is slightly larger than the oxygen supply amount required for generating the iron oxide; excess oxygen reacts with elemental sulfur vapor to form SO₂Heat is also released; the hot gas-solid mixture continuously moves forward and is discharged out of the reaction and evaporation equipment 3; gas and solid are respectively discharged into a dust remover 10 through a vertical gas outlet, and hot solid is discharged into an iron slag cooler 5;

s3, gas discharged by the reaction and evaporation equipment 3 enters a dust remover 10 to remove solid fly ash and then enters a sulfur condenser 9;

s4, cooling the deashing hot gas to 100-270 ℃ after indirect heat exchange with a heat transfer medium, simultaneously condensing sulfur steam in the deashing hot gas into sulfur liquid drops, and discharging the sulfur liquid drops out of the system in a liquid sulfur state after the sulfur liquid drops are discharged into a sulfur liquid seal tank 8 through an interface at the bottom of a sulfur condenser 9; the gas without the sulfur liquid drops is sent to other devices for absorption or is discharged after being cleaned and desulfurized on site;

s5, discharging the solid fly ash discharged by the dust remover 10 into the iron slag cooler 5 through a port vertically connected with the iron slag cooler 5; the solid material discharged from the iron slag cooler 5 falls into a quenching water seal tank 6; the quenching water seal tank 6 quenches the hot solid materials, water lost by evaporation in the tank is continuously supplemented, and meanwhile solid material particles are kept loose and are easy to wet.

According to the method for harmlessly treating the iron-based substance with the high sulfur content, S1-S5 are carried out under a lower absolute pressure and range from 0.01 MPa to 0.2 MPa.

Preferably, the absolute pressure is 0.05-0.15 MPa.

According to the method for the innocent treatment of iron base with high sulfur content of the present invention, the amount of air added at S1 is related to the amount and composition of the solid raw material added, and can be determined by those skilled in the art according to the circumstances, depending on the allowable value of the iron sulfide residue in the treated product.

Preferably, S1 further includes: the air blower 4 mixes the air B with part of the flue gas exhausted from the sulfur condenser 9 and sucked by the circulating gas suction device 11, and then sends the mixed gas into the reaction and evaporation equipment 3.

According to the method for the harmless treatment of the iron base with high sulfur content, the reaction heat generated in the reaction and evaporation equipment 3 in S2 makes the material layer reach the reaction temperature T from normal temperature rapidly, wherein the temperature is 100 ℃ and < T <1200 ℃.

Preferably 140 ℃ < T <445 ℃.

More preferably, 240 ℃ < T <350 ℃.

According to the method for the innocent treatment of the iron-based substance with high sulfur content, the gas discharged from the reaction and evaporation equipment 3 in S3 contains solid fly ash, sulfur steam and SO₂The balance being N₂、CO₂And the like, inert gases having no reactivity.

According to the method for harmlessly treating the iron-based substance with high sulfur content, S4 further comprises: the flue gas discharged from the sulfur condenser 9 is partially sucked to the front end of the system by a circulating gas suction device 11 to be mixed with air B, and the rest flue gas is sent to other devices for consumption or is discharged after being cleaned and desulfurized on site.

According to the method for harmlessly treating the iron-based substance with the high sulfur content, the deashing hot gas and the heat transfer medium are preferably cooled to 132-150 ℃ after indirect heat exchange in S4.

According to the method for detoxifying a high sulfur content iron-based material, in S4, the gas from which the sulfur droplets are removed contains SO₂、N₂、CO₂And the like.

Compared with the prior art, the harmless treatment system and the method for the iron-based substances with high sulfur content have the following advantages: the operating temperature of the iron-based object harmless treatment system with high sulfur content is obviously reduced, and SO₂The production amount is greatly reduced, the closed continuous disposal mode avoids the escape of smoke dust, and solid products are wetted, transported and stored, so that the essential cleanness of the disposal process is realized; the produced sulfur is convenient to store and transport and has wide application; the storage and transportation of the solid product and the sulfur are intrinsically safe; the material, energy consumption and manual work intensity of the system are obviousThe reduction is obvious; the process is simple and short. The harmless treatment system and the method for the iron-based substances with high sulfur content greatly improve the resource utilization level of the iron-based substances with high sulfur content such as waste desulfurizer, pyrite, waste sulfur slag and the like, and have extremely high economic value and environmental protection value.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a system flowchart of embodiments 1-2 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a system flowchart of embodiments 3 to 5 of the present invention.

Symbolic illustrations of the main devices, components and media:

the system comprises a feeding storage hopper 1, a pushing mechanism 2, a reaction and evaporation device 3, an air blower 4, an iron slag cooler 5, a quenching water seal tank 6, a wet material storage hopper 7, a sulfur liquid seal tank 8, a sulfur condenser 9, a dust remover 10 and a circulating gas aspirator 11.

Iron-sulfur-based raw material A, air B, liquid sulfur C, boiler feed water D and SO₂Flue gas E, steam F and internal circulation flue gas G.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and examples, and the advantages and various effects of the present invention will be more clearly apparent therefrom. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that these specific embodiments and examples are for the purpose of illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

Throughout the specification, unless otherwise specifically noted, terms used herein should be understood as having meanings as commonly used in the art. Accordingly, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. If there is a conflict, the present specification will control.

Unless otherwise specifically stated, various raw materials, reagents, instruments, equipment and the like used in the present invention are commercially available or can be prepared by existing methods.

wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the dust removal equipment is a dust remover 10, a dust removal ash outlet of the dust removal equipment is vertically connected with the iron slag cooler 5, and a gas outlet of the dust removal equipment is in butt joint with the sulfur condenser 9.

According to the harmless treatment system for the iron-based objects with high sulfur content, the circulating gas aspirator 11 does not adopt or adopts aspirators with different conveying capacities according to the iron and sulfur content in the raw materials; generally, a high-activity sulfur content raw material adopts a high-flow aspirator to reduce the surface steam partial pressure of sulfur, so that the raw material is easy to evaporate during reaction, and the reaction temperature is correspondingly reduced.

According to the harmless treatment system for the iron-based objects with high sulfur content, the reaction and evaporation equipment 3 is horizontally and slightly inclined according to the flow direction of solid materials in the equipment, and when the equipment is horizontally and slightly inclined downwards, partial moving friction force can be overcome by utilizing the self gravity; when the equipment is slightly inclined upwards horizontally, the pushing mechanism can be used for providing power for overcoming all self gravity and moving friction force.

The harmless treatment system for the iron-based objects with high sulfur content is characterized in that the dust remover 10 removes entrained fly ash from gas discharged from the reaction and evaporation equipment 3, a fly ash outlet is vertically connected with an iron slag cooler 5, deashed hot gas is sent to a sulfur condenser 9, and the dust remover 10 is selected from one of a gravity dust remover and an electric dust remover.

According to the harmless treatment system for the iron-based objects with high sulfur content, the heat transfer medium used by the iron slag cooler and the sulfur condenser in the cooling equipment can adopt one or more of normal-temperature air B, boiler water supply D, circulating cooling water or heat transfer oil according to external public and auxiliary conditions of the system. The heat transfer medium can be used by opening a circuit in the component equipment of the system, such as: boiler feed water is sent into a sulfur condenser to generate steam or hot water; and so on. The heat transfer medium can also be used in cascade among the constituent devices of the system, such as: normal temperature air is heated in an iron slag cooler and/or a sulfur condenser and then is sent into a reaction and evaporation device; boiler feed water is heated in an iron slag cooler and then is sent into a sulfur condenser; and so on.

According to the harmless treatment system for the iron base with high sulfur content, the quenching water seal tank 6 quenches hot solid materials, so that the solid materials are kept loose and are easy to wet, quenching evaporated water is continuously supplemented in the tank, and the quenching water seal tank 6 is also provided with a solid material conveying mechanism.

Further, the solid material conveying mechanism is selected from one of a chain plate machine, a grab bucket or a rotary sealing valve, and the wet material is transferred to the wet material storage bucket 7 without flying dust during the transfer process.

In the composition equipment of the iron-based object harmless treatment system with high sulfur content, except a feeding storage hopper, a pushing mechanism and an air blower in continuous feeding equipment and a quenching water seal tank and a wet material storage hopper in tank equipment, the rest of the equipment has heat preservation and heat insulation measures.

Further, the circulating gas aspirator 11 is selected from one of a blower and a venturi, and part of the flue gas discharged from the sulfur condenser is sucked and mixed into the air sent by the air blower.

According to the harmless treatment system for the iron-based objects with high sulfur content, the component devices/parts/heat transfer media can be combined into several integrated parts/devices or a set of integrated devices according to the medium flow direction sequence and the butt joint mode of process functions. Combinations and modifications of the above should be understood to be within the scope of the present application and its equivalents.

The invention also provides a method for harmlessly treating the high-sulfur-content iron-based substance, which adopts the system to carry out harmlessness treatment on the high-sulfur-content iron-based substance, and the method comprises the following steps:

2) the three substances are mixed in the reaction and evaporation device 3 and then oxidized, and the released energy continuously provides the driving force required by the decomposition and evaporation of the raw materials. Wherein the oxygen supply amount is lower than that for completely generating the iron oxide and SO from the raw materials₂Required oxygen supply amount "; depending on the permissible value of the disposal product for iron sulphide residues, the amount of oxygen supply required for completely producing iron oxide from the raw material may be lower than the amount of oxygen supply required for completely producing iron oxide from the raw material; generally ranges from "oxygen supply required for completely generating iron oxide from raw material" to "completely generating iron oxide and SO₂The required oxygen supply amount ". The oxidation heat release enables the raw materials and the generated elemental sulfur to be evaporated into sulfur steam; in order to fully oxidize the iron sulfide into the iron oxide, the amount of added air is slightly larger than the oxygen supply amount required for generating the iron oxide; excess oxygen reacts with elemental sulfur vapor to form SO₂Heat is also released; controlling the temperature of the reaction product system by adjusting the amount of inert gas and the amount of oxygen supplied; the generated hot gas-solid mixture continuously moves forward and is discharged out of the reaction and evaporation equipment 3;

3) dedusting the gas stream in the hot gas-solids mixture in a deduster 10;

Further, the method comprises the following specific steps:

s2, the compact material layer entering the reaction and evaporation equipment 3 moves forward to pass through an air blowing pipe arranged at the front part of the reaction and evaporation equipment 3, namely, the compact material layer is crushed and dispersed by the blowing pipe and airflow blown out by the blowing pipe; when the loose material layer is contacted with air B, oxidation spontaneous combustion occurs; the generated reaction heat evaporates the raw materials and the generated elemental sulfur into sulfur vapor; in order to fully oxidize the iron sulfide into the iron oxide, the amount of added air is slightly larger than the oxygen supply amount required for generating the iron oxide; excess oxygen reacts with elemental sulfur vapor to form SO₂Heat is also released; the hot gas-solid mixture continuously moves forward and is discharged out of the reaction and evaporation equipment 3; gas and solid are respectively discharged into a dust remover 10 through a vertical gas outlet, and hot solid is discharged into an iron slag cooler 5;

s4, indirectly exchanging heat with a heat transfer medium of deashing hot gas, cooling to 100-270 ℃, simultaneously condensing sulfur steam in the deashing hot gas into sulfur droplets, and discharging the sulfur droplets out of the system in a liquid sulfur state after the sulfur droplets are discharged into a sulfur liquid seal tank 8 through an interface at the bottom of a sulfur condenser 9; the gas without the sulfur liquid drops is sent to other devices for absorption or is discharged after being cleaned and desulfurized on site;

Preferably, the absolute pressure is 0.05-0.15 MPa.

According to the inventionThe amount of air added in S1 is determined by those skilled in the art according to the amount and composition of the solid raw material to be added, and the amount of air supplied is less than the amount of air supplied to completely form iron oxide and SO from the raw material₂Required oxygen supply amount "; depending on the permissible value of the disposal product for iron sulphide residues, the amount of oxygen supply required for completely producing iron oxide from the raw material may be lower than the amount of oxygen supply required for completely producing iron oxide from the raw material; generally ranges from "oxygen supply required for completely generating iron oxide from raw material" to "completely generating iron oxide and SO₂The required oxygen supply amount ".

Adding inert gas during the oxidation reaction of the iron-based material with high sulfur content, and reducing the temperature of a reaction product system; at the same time, the partial pressure of sulfur vapor in the product gas system is reduced, and the sulfur is easy to evaporate at the temperature lower than the boiling point of the sulfur. The inert gas is N₂、CO₂And the like, which are not reactive.

According to the method for harmlessly treating the iron-based substance with the high sulfur content, when the temperature of the reaction product system discharged by the reaction and evaporation equipment deviates from the control temperature range, the adaptability to the raw material composition is improved by controlling the temperature T of the reaction product system by adjusting the amount of inert gas and the oxygen supply amount.

Specifically, the reaction heat generated in the reaction and evaporation apparatus 3 in S2 causes the material layer to rapidly reach the reaction temperature T from the normal temperature, where 100 ℃ < T <1200 ℃.

Preferably 140 ℃ < T <445 ℃.

More preferably, 240 ℃ < T <350 ℃.

According to the method for harmlessly treating the iron-based substance with high sulfur content, the gas discharged from the reaction and evaporation equipment 3 enters the dust remover 10 to remove solid fly ash and then enters the sulfur condenser 9, and before the sulfur steam is condensed and cooled, the dust removal equipment is arranged to remove dust from a product gas system so as to reduce the liquid sulfur productAnd (3) contamination. The gas exiting the reaction and evaporation apparatus 3 in S3 contains solid fly ash, sulfur vapor, SO₂The rest is N₂、CO₂And the like, inert gases having no reactivity.

According to the method for harmlessly treating the iron-based material with the high sulfur content, in S4, the deashing hot gas discharged from the dust remover 10 is indirectly heat-exchanged with a heat transfer medium (boiler feed water D) and then is preferably cooled to 132-150 ℃.

According to the method for detoxifying a high sulfur content iron-based material, in S4, the gas from which the sulfur droplets are removed contains SO₂、N₂、CO₂And the like. Simultaneously condensing sulfur steam in the deashing hot gas into sulfur liquid drops; the gas from which the sulphur droplets are removed contains SO₂、N₂、CO₂Equal component of SO₂The flue gas E exits the system.

According to the method for harmlessly treating the iron-based object with the high sulfur content, in S5, the solid fly ash discharged from the dust remover 10 is discharged into the iron slag cooler 5 through a port vertically connected with the iron slag cooler 5; while the hot solid discharged from the reaction and evaporation equipment 3 is cooled in the iron slag cooler 5, gas in the pore structure of the solid shrinks and also generates adsorption and aggregation action on the solid fly ash discharged from the dust remover 10 under the action of gravity; the solid material discharged from the iron slag cooler 5 falls into a quenching water seal tank 6.

According to the method for harmlessly treating the iron-based substance with high sulfur content, a large amount of disposal products are iron oxide mixture and sulfur without spontaneous combustion risk and pollution risk at normal temperature; the minor amount of the disposal product is SO-containing₂Flue gas.

According to the method for harmless treatment of iron base with high sulfur content, the quenching water seal tank 6 is used for quenching hot solid materials, water lost by evaporation in the tank is continuously supplemented, meanwhile, solid material particles are kept loose pores to be easily wetted, and the quenching water seal tank is also provided with solid material conveying mechanisms such as: the chain plate machine, the grab bucket, the rotary seal valve and the like transfer the wet materials to the wet material storage bucket, and no dust is raised in the transfer process.

In conclusion, the system and the method for the harmless treatment of the iron-based substance with high sulfur content are mainly characterized in that: 1) the energy released by the self-oxidation of the materials provides driving forces such as reaction, evaporation and the like required by the operation of the system; and can produce steam or hot water as by-products; 2) the partial pressure of sulfur vapor is reduced by inert gas carried by raw material air and internally circulated inert gas, and the working temperature of the system is between the sublimation temperature and the vaporization temperature of sulfur; 3) the working temperature of the system is controlled by adjusting the added air quantity and the air quantity of the inert gas; the adaptability to the change of the raw material composition is improved; 4) the system keeps the whole tightness due to the compact material layer at the feeding end and the liquid seal structure at the discharging end; 5) the arranged dust removing equipment reduces the pollution to liquid sulfur products; 6) the pushing mechanism for feeding the solid materials only needs to provide work which is required by the solid materials to overcome the friction force through the system; 7) the material is continuously fed and discharged, so that the environment is prevented from escaping, and the energy consumption and the manual operation intensity of the system are obviously reduced; 8) the solid product is wetted, transported and stored, so that dust is avoided; 9) the equipment/parts are conventional, the flow is fine and the process is simplified.

Example 1

The embodiment provides a system for the innocent treatment of a high-sulfur-content iron-based substance-waste desulfurizer, which comprises the following components: continuous feeding equipment, reaction and evaporation equipment, dust removal equipment, cooling equipment and tank equipment are shown in figure 1.

The continuous feeding equipment comprises a feeding storage hopper 1, a pushing mechanism 2 and an air blower 4; the lower end of the charging hopper 1 is connected with the pushing mechanism 2, and the iron-sulfur-based raw material A falls into the pushing mechanism 2 due to gravity; the pushing mechanism 2 continuously feeds the iron-sulfur-based raw material A into the inlet end of the reaction and evaporation equipment 3 and forms a section of compact material layer at the inlet end; and the air blower 4 heats the air B through the iron slag cooler 5 and then sends the air B to the rear side of the dense material layer at the inlet end of the reaction and evaporation equipment 3.

The iron-sulfur-based raw material A added into the reaction and evaporation equipment 3 is oxidized and evaporated in the equipment, and the generated iron oxide, sulfur steam and SO-containing steam are generated₂Discharging the mixture of gases; the reaction and evaporation equipment 3 is horizontally and slightly obliquely arranged according to the flow direction of solid materials in the equipment, a hot solid outlet of the reaction and evaporation equipment is in butt joint with an iron slag cooler 5 which is coaxially arranged at the center, and a vertical gas outlet of the reaction and evaporation equipment is connected with a gas inlet of a dust remover 10; the reaction and evaporation apparatus 3 is provided with a heater to provide starting conditions for the reaction to start.

The dust removing device is a dust remover 10, a dust removing ash outlet of the dust removing device is vertically connected with the iron slag cooler 5, a gas outlet of the dust removing device is in butt joint with the sulfur condenser 9, and entrained fly ash is removed from gas discharged by the reaction and evaporation device 3.

The cooling equipment comprises an iron slag cooler 5 and a sulfur condenser 9; solid materials in the iron slag cooler 5 indirectly exchange heat with air B, and a solid material inlet of the iron slag cooler is provided with two parts: one part is coaxially connected with the center of a hot solid material outlet of the reaction and evaporation equipment 3, the other part is vertically connected with a dedusting ash outlet of the deduster 10, and a solid material outlet of the iron slag cooler 5 is connected with the quenching water seal tank 6; the sulfur condenser 9 is horizontally slightly inclined or vertically arranged according to the flow direction of deashing hot gas in the equipment, the deashing hot gas and boiler water D supplied outside the system indirectly exchange heat and are discharged out of the system, sulfur steam contained in the hot gas is condensed into sulfur liquid drops and then is discharged into the sulfur liquid seal tank 8 through an interface at the bottom of the equipment, and the sulfur liquid drops contain SO₂The flue gas E is discharged out of the system; the sulfur condenser 9 heats the boiler feed water D to generate steam F which is discharged from the system.

The tank equipment comprises a sulfur liquid seal tank 8, a quenching water seal tank 6 and a wet material storage hopper 7; the sulfur liquid seal tank 8 and the quenching water seal tank 6 both have liquid seal functions, and feed pipes of the sulfur liquid seal tank and the quenching water seal tank are inserted into liquid which is kept in a specific liquid level; the sulfur liquid seal tank 8 discharges the liquid sulfur C out of the system; the quenching water seal tank 6 is provided with a solid material conveying facility, and the hot solid material is transferred to the wet material storage hopper 7 after being quenched and wetted.

In the above system, the pushing mechanism 2 is an electro-hydraulic plunger.

The reaction and evaporation apparatus 3 is provided with a heater, and the attached heater is an electric heater.

The precipitator 10 is a gravity precipitator.

The solid material conveying mechanism arranged in the quenching water seal tank 6 is a chain plate machine.

Example 2

In this example, the system of example 1 was used to perform a detoxification treatment of a waste desulfurizing agent. The treatment load of the waste desulfurizer is 1t/h, and the waste desulfurizer comprises the following components in percentage by weight: fe₂O₃21.57 percent of S28.46 percent, and the balance of non-oxidizable Ca, Mg, Al, k and Na oxides.

The waste desulfurizer falls into the material pushing mechanism 2 from the feeding storage hopper 1 due to gravity; the material pushing mechanism 2 continuously feeds the waste desulfurizer into the inlet end of the reaction and evaporation equipment 3, and a section of normal-temperature compact material layer is formed at the inlet end and is always kept at the position; the compact material layer moves forwards along with the reciprocating material pushing action of the material pushing mechanism; the air blower 4 heats the air B through the iron slag cooler 5 and then sends the air B into the reaction and evaporation equipment 3, and the flow rate of the air B is slightly larger than the corresponding air amount of oxygen supply required by completely generating the iron-sulfur-based raw material A into the iron oxide;

the dense material layer entering the reaction and evaporation equipment 3 is crushed and dispersed by the blowing pipe and the airflow blown out by the blowing pipe when moving forwards through an air blowing pipe arranged at the front part of the equipment; when the loose material layer is contacted with air, oxidation spontaneous combustion occurs; the generated reaction heat evaporates the raw materials and the generated elemental sulfur into sulfur vapor; after the iron sulfide is fully oxidized into iron oxide, the surplus oxygen reacts with the steam of elemental sulfur to generate SO₂Heat is also released; the reaction heat enables the material layer to quickly reach 431 ℃ from normal temperature by adjusting the flow of the air B;

the gas-solid separation is carried out when the hot gas-solid mixture continuously moves forwards and is discharged out of the reaction and evaporation equipment 3; contains solid flyash, sulfur vapor and SO₂The rest is N₂、CO₂Discharging the gas system of inert gas into the dust remover 10 through a vertical gas outlet to remove solid fly ash in the gas system; the hot solids are discharged into the slag cooler 5. The dust remover adopts a gravity dust remover, and the gas flow velocity is 0.2 m/s.

The hot gas exhausted by the dust remover 10 enters the sulfur condenser 9 to indirectly exchange heat with a heat transfer medium, namely boiler water supply D, and then is cooled to 132 ℃, and sulfur steam in the deashing hot gas is simultaneously condensed into sulfur liquid drops; the gas from which the sulphur droplets are removed contains SO₂、N₂、CO₂Equal component of SO₂The flue gas E is discharged out of the system; meanwhile, in the sulfur condenser, boiler feed water D and medium gas generate steam F after indirect heat exchange and are discharged out of the system; and sulfur liquid drops obtained by condensation in the sulfur condenser 9 are discharged into the sulfur liquid seal tank 8 through a connector at the bottom of the sulfur condenser and then discharged out of the system through liquid sulfur C, and the liquid seal heights of the sulfur liquid seal tank and the quenching water seal tank in the system are set according to the pressure 25KPa (gauge pressure) of the discharged flue gas of the system.

The solid fly ash discharged from the dust remover 10 is discharged into the iron slag cooler 5; while the hot solids discharged from the reaction and evaporation equipment 3 are cooled in the iron slag cooler 5, gas in a pore structure of the solids shrinks, and the adsorption and aggregation effects are also generated on the solid fly ash discharged from the dust remover 10 under the action of gravity; the solid material discharged from the iron slag cooler 5 falls into the quenching water seal tank 6; the quenching water-sealed tank 6 is used for quenching and wetting the hot solid materials, water lost by evaporation in the tank is continuously supplemented, the prepared chain plate machine is used for transferring the wet materials to the wet material storage hopper 7, and no dust is raised in the transferring process.

When the adding amount of the waste desulfurizer is 1t/h, 247m of waste desulfurizer is added³The flow rate of the air is slightly larger than the corresponding air amount of oxygen supply required by completely generating the iron oxide from the waste desulfurizer raw material; air is heated by an air blower through an iron slag cooler and then is sent into reaction and evaporation equipment; the waste desulfurizer and air are oxidized and spontaneously combusted in reaction and evaporation equipment, and the temperature of a material layer reaches 431 ℃; when the iron sulfide in the waste desulfurizer is oxidized into iron oxide, active sulfur in the iron oxide is decomposed and evaporated; hot gas-solid mixtureThe reaction and evaporation equipment is discharged by moving forward, and the hot gas and the solid respectively enter a dust remover and an iron slag cooler; 393m³After solid fly ash is removed from hot gas at 431 ℃ in a dust remover, about 48.1 v% of sulfur steam enters a sulfur condenser to indirectly exchange heat with boiler water and then is cooled to 138 ℃, and liquid sulfur obtained by condensation and cooled flue gas are discharged out of a system. The system discharge contains SO₂The flow rate of the flue gas is about 204m³H (standard state), composition about (v%): s0.5%, SO₂ 3.9％、N₂94.4 percent; about 271kg/h of sulfur is obtained, and the total sulfur yield of the raw material is about 95.1%; the sulfur condenser generates steam with 0.4MPa, and the steam is discharged out of the system at about 107 kg/h; the obtained iron oxide contains less than 0.2 wt% of sulfur.

The adding amount of the waste desulfurizer is kept at 1t/h, and the air amount is reduced to 238m³Data changes from place to place as follows: 386m of hot gas discharged by reaction and evaporation equipment³H (standard), 389 ℃ with about 49.5 v% sulfur vapor; the system discharge contains SO₂The flow rate of the flue gas is about 195m³H (standard state), composition about (v%): s0.5%, SO₂3.1％、N₂95.2 percent; about 273kg/h of sulfur is obtained, and the total sulfur yield of the raw material is about 96.0%; the sulfur condenser generates steam of 0.4MPa, and the steam is discharged out of the system at about 104 kg/h; the obtained iron oxide contains less than 0.2 wt% of sulfur.

Example 3

The embodiment provides a system for the innocent treatment of a high-sulfur-content iron-based substance-waste desulfurizer, which comprises the following components: continuous feeding equipment, reaction and evaporation equipment, dust removal equipment, cooling equipment and tank equipment. Compared to example 1, a recycle gas aspirator 11 was added to the continuous feed equipment of the system, as shown in FIG. 2.

The continuous feeding equipment comprises a feeding storage hopper 1, a pushing mechanism 2, an air blower 4 and a circulating gas aspirator 11; the functions and the configuration of the feeding storage hopper 1, the pushing mechanism 2 and the air blower 4 are the same as those of the embodiment 1; the circulating gas aspirator 11 mixes part of the flue gas discharged from the sulfur condenser 9 into the air B which is sent by the air blower 4 and heated by the iron slag cooler 5; the functions and configurations of the remaining reaction and evaporation equipment, dust removal equipment, cooling equipment and tank equipment were the same as in example 1.

In the above system, the circulating gas aspirator 11 is a venturi ejector, and in the above system, aspirators having different delivery capacities can be used depending on the content of iron and sulfur in the raw material.

Example 4

This example provides a method for the innocent treatment of a spent desulfurization agent using the system of example 3, comprising the steps of:

the air blower 4 heats the air B through the iron slag cooler 5, mixes the air B with part of flue gas discharged by the sulfur condenser 9 sucked by the circulating gas sucker 11, and then sends the mixture into the reaction and evaporation equipment 3, wherein the flow rate of the air B is slightly larger than the corresponding air amount of oxygen supply required for completely generating the iron oxide from the waste desulfurizer; the waste desulfurizer falls into the material pushing mechanism 2 from the feeding storage hopper 1 due to gravity; the material pushing mechanism 2 continuously feeds the waste desulfurizer into the inlet end of the reaction and evaporation equipment 3, and a section of normal-temperature compact material layer is formed at the inlet end and is always kept at the position; the compact material layer moves forward along with the reciprocating pushing action of the pushing mechanism. The circulating gas aspirator adopts a venturi ejector and has the air suction capacity of 120m³/h。

The dense material layer entering the reaction and evaporation equipment 3 is crushed and dispersed by the blowing pipe and the airflow blown out by the blowing pipe when moving forwards through an air blowing pipe arranged at the front part of the equipment; when the loose material layer is contacted with air, oxidation spontaneous combustion occurs; the generated reaction heat evaporates the raw materials and the generated elemental sulfur into sulfur vapor; after the iron sulfide is fully oxidized into iron oxide, the surplus oxygen reacts with the steam of elemental sulfur to generate SO₂Heat is also released; the reaction heat enables the material layer to quickly reach 373 ℃ from normal temperature by adjusting the flow of the air B;

the hot gas-solid mixture continuously moving forward and dischargingGas-solid separation is carried out during the reaction and evaporation equipment 3; contains solid fly ash, sulfur vapor and SO₂The rest is N₂、CO₂Discharging the gas system of inert gas into the dust remover 10 through a vertical gas outlet to remove solid fly ash in the gas system; the hot solids are discharged into the slag cooler 5. The dust remover adopts a gravity dust remover, and the gas flow velocity is 0.2 m/s.

The hot gas exhausted by the dust remover 10 enters the sulfur condenser 9 to indirectly exchange heat with boiler feed water D and then is cooled to 138 ℃, and sulfur steam in the medium gas is simultaneously condensed into sulfur liquid drops; the gas from which the sulphur droplets are removed contains SO₂、N₂、CO₂Equal components, the flue gas discharged from the sulfur condenser 9 is partially sucked to the front end of the system by a circulating gas suction device 11, and the rest contains SO₂The flue gas E is discharged out of the system; meanwhile, in the sulfur condenser, boiler feed water D and medium gas generate steam F after indirect heat exchange and are discharged out of the system; the sulfur liquid drops obtained by condensation in the sulfur condenser 9 are discharged into the sulfur liquid seal tank 8 through a connector at the bottom of the sulfur condenser and then discharged out of the system as liquid sulfur C.

The solid fly ash discharged from the dust remover 10 is discharged into the iron slag cooler 5; while the hot solids discharged from the reaction and evaporation equipment 3 are cooled in the iron slag cooler 5, gas in a pore structure of the solids shrinks, and the adsorption and aggregation effects are also generated on the solid fly ash discharged from the dust remover 10 under the action of gravity; the solid material discharged from the iron slag cooler 5 falls into the quenching water seal tank 6; the quenching water-sealed tank 6 is used for quenching and wetting the hot solid materials, water lost by evaporation in the tank is continuously supplemented, and the wet materials are transferred to the wet material storage hopper 7 by using the matched solid material conveying mechanism, and no dust is raised in the transferring process.

When the adding amount of the waste desulfurizer is 1t/h, 247m of waste desulfurizer is added³The flow rate of the air is slightly larger than the corresponding air amount of oxygen supply required by completely generating the iron oxide from the waste desulfurizer raw material; air is mixed with part of flue gas exhausted by a sulfur condenser sucked by a circulating gas sucker after passing through an iron slag cooler by a blower and then is sent into reaction and evaporation equipment; the waste desulfurizer and air are oxidized and spontaneously combusted in the reaction and evaporation equipment,the temperature of the material layer reaches 373 ℃; when the iron sulfide in the waste desulfurizer is oxidized into iron oxide, active sulfur in the iron oxide is decomposed and evaporated; continuously moving the hot gas-solid mixture forward to be discharged out of the reaction and evaporation equipment, and respectively feeding hot gas and solid into a dust remover and an iron slag cooler; 513m³After solid fly ash is removed from hot gas at 373 ℃ in a dust remover in a standard state, about 36.8 v% of sulfur steam enters a sulfur condenser to indirectly exchange heat with boiler water supply, and then is cooled to 150 ℃, and liquid sulfur obtained by condensation and cooled flue gas are discharged out of a system. SO-containing sulfur condenser discharge₂The flow rate of the flue gas is about 324m³H (standard state); the system discharge contains SO₂The flow rate of the flue gas is about 204m³H (standard state), composition about (v%): s0.5%, SO₂3.9％、N₂94.4 percent; about 271kg/h of sulfur is obtained, and the total sulfur yield of the raw material is about 95.2%; the sulfur condenser generates steam with 0.4MPa, and the steam is discharged out of the system at about 107 kg/h; the obtained iron oxide contains less than 0.17 wt% of sulfur.

Example 5

This example provides a method of detoxifying sulfur-containing residues using the system of example 3, comprising the steps of:

the air blower 4 heats the air B through the iron slag cooler 5, mixes the air B with part of flue gas discharged by the sulfur condenser 9 sucked by the circulating gas sucker 11, and then sends the mixture into the reaction and evaporation equipment 3, wherein the flow rate of the air B is slightly larger than the corresponding air amount of oxygen supply required for completely generating the iron oxide from the sulfur-containing residue A; the sulfur-containing residue A falls into the material pushing mechanism 2 from the feeding storage hopper 1 due to gravity; the pushing mechanism 2 continuously feeds the sulfur-containing residues A into the inlet end of the reaction and evaporation equipment 3, and a section of normal-temperature compact material layer is formed at the inlet end and is always kept at the position; the compact material layer moves forward along with the reciprocating pushing action of the pushing mechanism. The circulating gas suction device adopts a fan, and the suction capacity is 800m³/h。

The dense material layer entering the reaction and evaporation equipment 3 moves forwards and passes throughWhen the air is blown into the pipe, the air is crushed and dispersed by the pipe and the airflow blown out by the pipe; when the loose material layer is contacted with air, oxidation spontaneous combustion occurs; the generated reaction heat evaporates the raw materials and the generated elemental sulfur into sulfur vapor; after the iron sulfide is fully oxidized into iron oxide, the surplus oxygen reacts with the steam of elemental sulfur to generate SO₂Heat is also released; the reaction heat enables the material layer to quickly reach 270 ℃ from normal temperature by adjusting the flow of the air B;

the gas-solid separation is carried out when the hot gas-solid mixture continuously moves forwards and is discharged out of the reaction and evaporation equipment 3; contains solid fly ash, sulfur vapor and SO₂The rest is N₂、CO₂Discharging the gas system of inert gas into the dust remover 10 through a vertical gas outlet to remove solid fly ash in the gas system; the hot solids are discharged into the slag cooler 5. The dust remover adopts a gravity dust remover, and the gas flow velocity is 0.2 m/s.

The hot gas exhausted by the dust remover 10 enters the sulfur condenser 9 to indirectly exchange heat with boiler feed water D and then is cooled to 138 ℃, and sulfur steam in the medium gas is simultaneously condensed into sulfur liquid drops; the gas from which the sulphur droplets are removed contains SO₂、N₂、CO₂Equal components, the flue gas discharged from the sulfur condenser 9 is partially sucked to the front end of the system by a circulating gas suction device 11, and the rest contains SO₂The flue gas E is discharged out of the system; meanwhile, in the sulfur condenser 9, the boiler feed water D and the medium gas generate steam F after indirect heat exchange, and the steam F is discharged out of the system; the sulfur liquid drops obtained by condensation in the sulfur condenser 9 are discharged into the sulfur liquid seal tank 8 through a connector at the bottom of the sulfur condenser and then discharged out of the system as liquid sulfur C.

Sulfur-containing residue A (S content about 95%, remainder FeSO)₄Ammonium salt and tar) at 580Kg/h, 73.3m was added³The flow rate of the air is slightly larger than that of the sulfur-containing residue raw material to completely generate the iron oxide and the CO₂The amount of air corresponding to the amount of oxygen required; part of the flue gas (800 m) discharged from the sulfur condenser after the air is passed through the iron slag cooler by the blower and sucked by the circulating gas suction device³H, standard state) and then sent into a reaction and evaporation device; the sulfur-containing residue A and oxygen are oxidized and spontaneously combusted in reaction and evaporation equipment, and the temperature of a material layer reaches 270 ℃; evaporating the elementary sulfur in the sulfur-containing residue A at the same time; continuously moving the hot gas-solid mixture forward to be discharged out of the reaction and evaporation equipment, and respectively feeding hot gas and solid into a dust remover and an iron slag cooler; 1381.5m³After solid fly ash is removed from hot gas at 270 ℃ in a dust remover, sulfur steam is about 26.8 v%, the sulfur steam enters a sulfur condenser 9 to indirectly exchange heat with boiler water and then is cooled to 138 ℃, and liquid sulfur obtained by condensation and cooled flue gas are discharged out of the system. The operating pressure of the dust separator was 14KPa (absolute). SO-containing sulfur condenser discharge₂The flow rate of the flue gas is about 1011.2m³H (standard state); the system discharge contains SO₂The flow rate of the flue gas is about 211.2m³H (standard state), composition about (v%): s0.4%, SO₂ 72.6％、N₂ 26.5％、CO₂0.5 percent; the sulfur (purity 99.9%) was obtained at about 528kg/h, and the total sulfur yield for the feedstock was about 95.8%.

As can be seen from the above examples, the present invention provides a method and system for harmless treatment of iron-based materials with high sulfur content, which reduces the system operation temperature and SO by controlling the oxygen supply₂The amount of production of (a); and further reducing the system operation temperature and improving the driving force of sulfur evaporation by adding inert gas.

Compared with the common disposal mode, namely the mixed burning in the acid making method or the sintering method, the system and the method for the harmless treatment of the iron-based substances with high sulfur content have the following characteristics:

(1) the working condition temperature is obviously reduced, the working condition temperature for acid preparation is 750-950 ℃, the working condition temperature for sintering is 1000 ℃, and the requirement on equipment materials is reduced;

(2) the partial oxidation of sulfur element can obviously reduce the exhausted flue gas quantity, and the sulfur element is fully oxidized to 1100m³The volume/h is reduced to 204m³The processing capacity requirement of a subsequent smoke gas absorption or purification system connected with the system is greatly reduced; the dependence on a specific large-scale industrial consumption device is reduced;

(3) the resource utilization level and the environment-friendly degree of the bulk disposal products are improved, and the ferric oxide powder and the sulfur are convenient to store and utilize in multiple ways;

(4) the energy released by the partial oxidation of the materials provides driving forces such as reaction, evaporation and the like required by the operation of the system; and can produce steam as a byproduct;

(5) the process of loading and unloading materials is clean by combining the material properties and the differentiated sealing design of different parts; therefore, the method has the outstanding advantages of low system investment, environmental friendliness, high product resource utilization level and low operation cost. The method greatly improves the treatment technical level of the iron-based hazardous waste with high sulfur content, can be applied to the field of resource utilization of iron-based substances with high sulfur content such as pyrite, and has extremely high economic value and environmental protection value.

While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A high sulfur content iron-based object innocent treatment system, which comprises: continuous feeding equipment, reaction and evaporation equipment, dust collecting equipment, cooling equipment and tank equipment:

wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the continuous feeding equipment comprises a feeding storage hopper (1), a pushing mechanism (2) and an air blower (4); the lower end of the feeding storage hopper (1) is connected with a material pushing mechanism (2), and the iron-based material A with high sulfur content falls into the material pushing mechanism (2) due to gravity; the pushing mechanism (2) continuously feeds the iron-based substance A with high sulfur content into an inlet of the reaction and evaporation equipment (3); the air blower (4) sends air B into the reaction and evaporation equipment (3);

the reaction and evaporation equipment is horizontally and slightly obliquely arranged according to the flow direction of solid materials in the equipment, a vertical gas outlet of the reaction and evaporation equipment is connected with a gas inlet of the dust removal equipment, and a hot solid outlet of the reaction and evaporation equipment is connected with an iron slag cooler (5) coaxially arranged at the center; the reaction and evaporation equipment is provided with a heater to provide starting conditions for the reaction to start to proceed;

the dust removing equipment is a dust remover (10), a dust removing ash outlet of the dust removing equipment is vertically connected with the iron slag cooler (5), and a gas outlet of the dust removing equipment is butted with the sulfur condenser (9);

the cooling equipment comprises an iron slag cooler (5) and a sulfur condenser (9); the solid material in the iron slag cooler (5) indirectly exchanges heat with a heat transfer medium, and the solid material inlet of the iron slag cooler is provided with two parts: one part is coaxially connected with the center of a hot solid material outlet of the reaction and evaporation equipment (3), the other part is vertically connected with a dedusting ash outlet of the dust remover (10), and a solid material outlet of the iron slag cooler (5) is connected with the quenching water seal tank (6); the deashing hot gas in the sulfur condenser indirectly exchanges heat with a heat transfer medium, sulfur steam contained in the hot gas is condensed into sulfur liquid drops and then discharged into a sulfur liquid seal tank (8) through an interface at the bottom of the equipment, and the gas discharged from the sulfur condenser (9) contains SO₂Said containing SO₂The gas is sent to other devices for consumption or is discharged after being cleaned and desulfurized on site; the tank equipment comprises a sulfur liquid seal tank (8), a quenching water seal tank (6) and a wet material storage hopper (7); the sulfur liquid seal tank (8) and the quenching water seal tank (6) both have liquid seal functions, and feed pipes of the sulfur liquid seal tank and the quenching water seal tank are inserted into liquid which is kept at a specific liquid level in the grooves; the sulfur liquid seal tank (8) seals the liquid from the sulfur condenser (9)Equivalently discharging sulfur C; the quenching water-sealed tank (6) is provided with a solid material conveying facility, and the hot solid material is transferred to the wet material storage hopper (7) after being quenched and wetted.

2. The system for the innocent treatment of iron-based objects with high sulfur content according to claim 1, wherein the sulfur condenser (9) is horizontally slightly inclined or vertically arranged according to the flow direction of deashing hot gas in the equipment.

3. The harmless treatment system for the iron-based object with high sulfur content according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heat transfer medium is one or more selected from normal temperature air B, boiler feed water D, circulating cooling water or heat transfer oil.

4. The high-sulfur-content iron-based harmless treatment system according to claim 3, wherein the heat transfer medium can be used by opening a circuit among the constituent equipment of the system or used by connecting the constituent equipment of the system in series and in a cascade manner.

5. The system for the innocent treatment of iron-based objects with high sulfur content according to claim 1, wherein the continuous feeding device further comprises a circulating gas aspirator (11), and the circulating gas aspirator (11) is selected from one of a blower and a venturi.

6. A method for detoxifying a high sulfur content iron-based object using the system of any one of claims 1-5, the method comprising:

2) the three substances in the step 1) are mixed in the reaction and evaporation equipment (3) and then oxidized, the released energy continuously provides the driving force required by the decomposition and evaporation of the raw materials, and the self-existing raw materials and the generated elemental sulfur are evaporated into sulfur steam; wherein the oxygen supply amount is lower than that for completely generating the iron oxide and SO from the raw materials₂Required supply ofOxygen amount is between the oxygen supply amount required for completely generating the iron oxide from the raw materials and the oxygen supply amount required for completely generating the iron oxide and SO₂The required oxygen supply amount is between; controlling the temperature of the reaction product system by adjusting the amount of inert gas and the amount of oxygen supplied; the generated hot gas-solid mixture continuously moves forwards and is discharged out of the reaction and evaporation equipment (3);

3) dedusting the gas stream separated from the hot gas-solids mixture in a deduster (10);

4) a sulfur condenser (9) for continuously and indirectly cooling the dedusted gas system to condense and cool sulfur vapor contained in the gas system; and continuously discharging SO-containing gas₂The inert gas of (4);

7. The method for the harmless treatment of the iron-based substance with high sulfur content according to claim 6, which comprises the following steps:

s1, the iron-based substance A with high sulfur content falls into a material pushing mechanism (2) from a feeding storage hopper (1) due to gravity, the material pushing mechanism (2) continuously feeds the iron-based substance A with high sulfur content into an inlet end of a reaction and evaporation device (3), and a section of normal-temperature compact material layer is formed at the inlet end of the reaction and evaporation device and is kept at the position all the time; the compact material layer moves forwards along with the reciprocating material pushing action of the material pushing mechanism (2); the air blower (4) sends air B into the reaction and evaporation equipment (3);

s2, the dense material layer entering the reaction and evaporation equipment (3) moves forwards and passes through an air blowing pipe arranged at the front part of the reaction and evaporation equipment (3), namely, the dense material layer is crushed and dispersed by the blowing pipe and airflow blown out by the blowing pipe; when the loose material layer is contacted with air B, oxidation spontaneous combustion occurs; the generated reaction heat evaporates the raw materials and the generated elemental sulfur into sulfur vapor; in order to fully oxidize the iron sulfide into the iron oxide, the amount of added air is slightly larger than the oxygen supply amount required for generating the iron oxide; excess oxygen reacts with elemental sulfur vapor to form SO₂Heat is also released; the hot gas-solid mixture is continuously moved forward to discharge the reactionAnd an evaporation device (3); gas and solid are respectively discharged into a dust remover (10) through a vertical gas outlet, and hot solid is discharged into an iron slag cooler (5);

s3, gas discharged by the reaction and evaporation equipment (3) enters a dust remover (10) to remove solid fly ash and then enters the sulfur condenser (9);

s4, cooling the deashing hot gas to 100-270 ℃ after indirect heat exchange with a heat transfer medium, simultaneously condensing sulfur steam in the deashing hot gas into sulfur liquid drops, and discharging the sulfur liquid drops out of the system in a liquid sulfur state after the sulfur liquid drops are discharged into a sulfur liquid seal tank (8) through an interface at the bottom of a sulfur condenser (9); the gas without the sulfur liquid drops is sent to other devices for absorption or is discharged after being cleaned and desulfurized on site;

s5, discharging the solid fly ash discharged by the dust remover (10) into the iron slag cooler (5) through a port vertically connected with the iron slag cooler (5); the solid material discharged by the iron slag cooler (5) falls into a quenching water seal tank (6); the quenching water seal tank (6) quenches the hot solid material, and water lost by evaporation in the tank is continuously supplemented, so that solid material particles are kept loose and pores are easy to wet.

8. The method for the harmless treatment of the iron-based substance with high sulfur content as claimed in claim 7, wherein the steps S1-S5 are all performed under a lower absolute pressure ranging from 0.01 MPa to 0.2 MPa.

9. The method for the harmless treatment of the iron-based substance with high sulfur content as claimed in claim 8, wherein said steps S1-S5 are all performed under a lower absolute pressure ranging from 0.05 MPa to 0.15 MPa.

10. The method for detoxifying a high sulfur content iron-based material as claimed in claim 7, wherein S1 further comprises: the air blower (4) sucks air B and a part exhausted by the sulfur condenser (9) sucked by the circulating gas sucker (11) and contains SO₂Is mixed and then sent to the reaction and evaporation equipment (3).

11. The method for the innocent treatment of iron base with high sulfur content as set forth in any one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the heat of reaction generated in the reaction and evaporation apparatus (3) in S2 makes the material layer reach the reaction temperature T rapidly from the normal temperature, wherein 100 ℃ < T <1200 ℃.

12. The method for the detoxification treatment of iron-based substances with high sulfur content according to claim 11, wherein the heat of reaction generated in the reaction and evaporation apparatus (3) in S2 causes the material layer to rapidly reach the reaction temperature T from the room temperature, wherein 140 ℃ < T <445 ℃.

13. The method for the detoxification treatment of iron-based substances with high sulfur content according to claim 12, wherein the heat of reaction generated in the reaction and evaporation apparatus (3) in S2 causes the material layer to rapidly reach the reaction temperature T from the normal temperature, wherein 240 ℃ < T <350 ℃.