CN110141820B - Insulating fire extinguishing agent for high-temperature oil fire of transformer and using method thereof - Google Patents
Insulating fire extinguishing agent for high-temperature oil fire of transformer and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/0028—Liquid extinguishing substances
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Abstract
The invention discloses an insulating fire extinguishing agent for high-temperature oil fire of a transformer and a using method thereof, wherein the insulating fire extinguishing agent comprises the following components: 0.5-10 wt% of surface strong expanding covering agent; 0.5-30% by weight of a high-temperature evaporation preventing agent; 5-50 wt% of water-in-oil anti-reburning agent; and 15-50% by weight of water. When in use, the fire extinguishing agent is mixed with water at the mixing ratio of 0.1-6%, the diameter of water mist droplets is 300-900 mu m, and the flow rate of the water mist droplets is 1.0-3.0L/m2And carrying out outdoor wind-resistant electrified fire extinguishing by using min water mist. The insulating fire extinguishing agent has the characteristics of effectively penetrating into a high-temperature oil fire to extinguish fire, quickly spreading and blocking oxygen to extinguish fire, and forming a re-burning prevention blocking layer of transformer oil wrapped by fire extinguishing water agent, efficiently extinguishes the transformer oil fire, and can prevent re-burning. When the outdoor transformer is used, the proper droplet diameter and droplet flow are adopted, so that the wind resistance and the charged fire extinguishing of the outdoor transformer can be realized simultaneously, and the fire safety of the transformer is protected.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fire extinguishment of oil immersed transformers, in particular to an insulating fire extinguishing agent for high-temperature oil fire of a transformer and a using method thereof.
Background
Oil-immersed transformer fires have become a significant disaster threatening the safe supply of electricity. The inside of a common oil immersed power transformer contains nearly hundred tons of hydrocarbon mineral oil, and the inside of an extra-high voltage converter transformer contains more than one hundred tons of transformer oil, so that the danger of fire and explosion exists when a fault occurs, and the fault can develop into a large disastrous fire. For example, in 2016, in 6 months, fire occurs in a suburb substation in the southwest of xi city, Shaanxi province, so that a plurality of transformers are burnt, the fault loss load is 24.3 ten thousand kilowatts, and 8.65 ten thousand households are powered off; in 2018, fire disasters occur to a plurality of ultrahigh voltage converter station converter transformers of national grid companies due to faults, so that the plurality of converter transformers and valve halls connected with the converter transformers are burnt, and the economic loss is very large. Therefore, the research on the fire prevention technology of the oil-immersed transformer is urgent.
The existing oil immersed transformer usually adopts a water spray fire extinguishing system and a foam fire extinguishing system, and has the following three technical problems in the aspect of protecting the safety of transformer fire:
(1) can not extinguish fire with electricity. The water spray fire extinguishing system has large fire extinguishing design flow of 20L/m2Min. And the fire-fighting water contains conductive ions, so that the electric conduction capability is strong. The foam fire extinguishing system contains a large amount of conductive ions, and the conductivity of the foam fire extinguishing system is stronger than that of water spray. The water and the foam extinguishing agent are sprayed to the high-voltage bushing by mistake, which causes short-circuit tripping of the transformer and damage to equipment. Therefore, in order to avoid damage to equipment caused by system mis-spraying, most of the conventional high-voltage bushings of oil-immersed transformers are not provided with fire extinguishing spray heads for protection, and only the lower parts of the bushing lifting seats and the transformer bodies are provided with protection spray heads. According to statistics, about 80% of fires of the oil-immersed transformer occur at the high-voltage bushing. Moreover, the protection high-voltage bushing can improve the fire protection gravity center of the transformer and greatly improve the overall protection effect of the transformer. Therefore, the existing water spray and foam fire extinguishing systems can not ensure the fire safety of the oil immersed transformer, and the research on the electrified fire extinguishing technology and device which have good insulating property, can completely cover and protect the high-voltage bushing of the transformer and can not cause equipment short circuit tripping due to misoperation is urgently needed.
(2) The high-temperature oil fire of the transformer is difficult to extinguish. The operation temperature of the transformer reaches 90 ℃, the high-temperature oil fire combustion value is large, the re-combustion is easy, and the extinguishing is difficult. The water spray fire extinguishing system adopts water for fire extinguishing, the specific gravity of the water is larger than that of the oil, the water rapidly sinks below the oil after contacting with the oil, oxygen is difficult to isolate, the high-temperature oil fire of the transformer cannot be extinguished, and the water spray fire extinguishing system only has the function of temperature reduction. The foam extinguishing agent extinguishes fire by a covering principle, an oil immersed transformer is large in size and complex in appearance structure, the foam extinguishing agent cannot completely cover the transformer, the fire extinguishing effect is poor, reburning is easy, and high-temperature oil fire of the transformer is difficult to extinguish. For example, a station fire occurred in 2018, and 20 water and foam fire cars failed to extinguish the station fire. There is a need for the research of high-efficiency fire extinguishing agent capable of extinguishing high-temperature oil fire of transformer. The high-temperature oil fire combustion value of the transformer is large, the high-temperature oil fire temperature of the large-scale transformer can reach more than 1400 ℃, and the flame can reach more than 30 meters. When the common fire extinguishing agent is used for extinguishing transformer oil fire, the fire extinguishing agent is evaporated and decomposed before contacting the surface layer of the high-temperature oil fire, so that the fire extinguishing efficiency is low, and the transformer oil fire is difficult to extinguish.
(3) Easy to re-ignite. The oil temperature of the transformer oil fire is high, the transformer oil with high temperature is inflammable, and the transformer oil is easy to re-ignite again after the fire is extinguished.
In summary, the existing water spray fire extinguishing and foam fire extinguishing can not protect the fire safety of the oil immersed transformer, and a fire extinguishing technology with electrification, high fire extinguishing efficiency and strong explosion-proof capability is required.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an insulating fire extinguishing agent for high-temperature oil fire of a transformer and a using method thereof, which are used for solving the technical problems that the high-temperature oil fire of the transformer is difficult to extinguish and easy to reburn.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
an insulating fire extinguishing agent for high-temperature oil fire of a transformer comprises the following components:
0.5-10 wt% of surface strong expanding covering agent;
5-50 wt% of water-in-oil anti-reburning agent;
0.5-30% by weight of a high-temperature evaporation preventing agent;
15 to 50% by weight of water.
The high-temperature-resistant evaporant forms water-containing colloid when heated, and the fire extinguishing agent is protected from being evaporated and decomposed by reducing the evaporation of water, so that the fire extinguishing agent is smoothly carried into a fire scene, and the problem that the fire extinguishing agent is easy to evaporate and decompose is solved; then, the high-performance surface strong expansion covering agent is used for covering the transformer oil layer, blocking oxygen, suffocating flame and preventing the transformer oil from burning. And finally, the oil-in-water agent anti-reburning agent is utilized to reduce the interface energy of a transformer oil system, and the fire extinguishing water agent liquid is uniformly dispersed in the transformer oil in the form of extremely tiny droplets, so that the flammability of the transformer oil is remarkably reduced, a reburning prevention blocking layer is formed, the transformer oil is prevented from reburning again, and finally the transformer oil fire is efficiently extinguished.
As a further improvement of the insulating fire extinguishing agent of the invention:
preferably, the surface strong expansion covering agent is: YM-316, Intechem-14-1A, Intechem-14-2A, Intechem-14-1B, Intechem-14-3A, AC-702, FC-4430, FC-430, FC-2 and RK-8316.
Preferably, the water-in-oil anti-afterburning agent is as follows: XP60, XP70, XP80, XP90, XP100, TO-7, EH-6, APG 0810, APG1214, Surfynol 440 and Helmol-10.
Preferably, the high temperature evaporation preventing agent is: HE-300S, HE-6000S, HE-6000SE, 60HD50, 65HD50, 75HD100, Aculyn 33, Aculyn 38, Aculyn 22, Aculyn 28, Aculyn 88, Methocel 40-0100, Methocel40-0101, Methocel 40-0202, Methocel A4CPCG, Methocel K15MPCG, Cellosize QP40 CGR, Cellosize QP300 CGR, Cellosize QP4400H CGR, Cellosize QP15000H CGR, Cellosize QP30000 CGR, Cellosize QP52000H CGR and Cellosize QP100MH CGR.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the insulating fire extinguishing agent for the high-temperature oil fire of the transformer, which comprises the following steps: uniformly stirring 0.5-10 wt% of surface strong expansion covering agent, 5-50 wt% of water agent oil-in-oil anti-afterburning agent, 0.5-30 wt% of high-temperature evaporation preventing agent and 15-50 wt% of water in a glass stirring reaction kettle to obtain a mixture, namely the insulating fire extinguishing agent for high-temperature oil fire of the transformer.
The invention also provides a use method of the insulating fire extinguishing agent for the high-temperature oil fire of the transformer, which comprises the following steps: mixing the insulating fire extinguishing agent for high-temperature oil fire of the transformer with water at a mixing ratio of 0.1-6%, wherein the diameter of water mist droplets is 300-900 mu m, and the flow rate of the water mist droplets is 1.0-3.0L/m2And carrying out outdoor wind-resistant electrified fire extinguishing by using min water mist.
As a further improvement of the use method of the invention:
preferably, the mixing ratio of the insulating fire extinguishing agent and water is 0.5-3%.
Preferably, the flow rate of the water mist drops is 1.5-2.5L/m2·min。
Preferably, when the outdoor wind-resistant charged fire extinguishing is carried out by adopting water mist, the water is firstly pressurized to 1.0-12.0 MPa.
Preferably, when the outdoor wind-resistant charged fire extinguishing is carried out by adopting water mist, the water is firstly pressurized to 1.0-4.0 MPa. .
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the insulating fire extinguishing agent for the high-temperature oil fire of the transformer, the high-temperature evaporation preventing agent is heated at high temperature to form the water-containing colloid, so that the water evaporation and the decomposition speed of fire extinguishing agent components under heating are slowed down, the fire extinguishing components are effectively protected from being decomposed by the high-temperature oil fire before being connected with the transformer oil, and the fire extinguishing components can penetrate into the root of the transformer oil fire; the surface strong expansion covering agent is quickly paved and covered on the surface of the transformer oil, so that the contact between the transformer oil and air is blocked, and flame is quickly inhibited; the oil-in-water agent anti-afterburning agent reduces the interface energy of a transformer oil system, uniformly disperses the fire extinguishing water agent liquid in the transformer oil in the form of tiny droplets, reduces the flammability of the transformer oil, prevents the high-temperature oil fire from being reburnt, and finally realizes the high-efficiency fire extinguishing for the high-temperature oil fire of the transformer.
2. According to the application method of the insulating fire extinguishing agent for the high-temperature oil fire of the transformer, the water mist wind-proof capacity is improved by increasing the diameter of the water mist droplets, and the insulating capacity of the water mist is ensured by reducing the flow of the water mist droplets, so that the negative influence of the increase of the diameter of the water mist droplets on the charged insulating capacity of the water mist is counteracted, and the wind-resistant charged fire extinguishing of the water mist outdoors is realized.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a water mist droplet breakdown test according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a flashover test along the surface of the transformer bushing in the preferred embodiment of the invention.
The reference numerals in the figures denote:
1. a power source; 2. a live end; 3. simulating a transformer bushing; 4. a water mist control system.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings, but the invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered by the claims.
Unless otherwise defined, all terms of art used in the present invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Unless otherwise specifically stated, various raw materials, reagents, instruments, equipment and the like used in the present invention are commercially available or can be prepared by existing methods.
The invention relates to an insulating fire extinguishing agent for high-temperature oil fire of a transformer, which comprises the following components: 0.5-10 wt% of surface strong expanding covering agent; 5-50 wt% of water-in-oil anti-reburning agent; 0.5-30% by weight of a high-temperature evaporation preventing agent; and 15-50% by weight of water.
Because the running temperature of the transformer reaches more than 90 ℃, after transformer oil is ignited, the fire spreading speed is high, and the high-temperature oil fire is difficult to extinguish. Moreover, the fire characteristics of transformer oil are different from the conventional fire combustion characteristics of gasoline and diesel oil. The transformer oil belongs to heavy oil, has molecular weight which is obviously larger than that of gasoline and diesel oil, is not easy to burn, but has high combustion heat value. In particular, the density, viscosity and cracking temperature of transformer oil are all obviously higher than those of gasoline and diesel oil, so that the fire extinguishing mechanism is different from those of the latter two. Gasoline and diesel oil are cracked into small molecular gas products at a low combustion temperature due to low cracking temperature and are combusted in the air above an oil layer, so that the fire extinguishing mechanism of gasoline and diesel oil fire is mainly a gas-phase flame-retardant mechanism, and the fire extinguishing principle of physical covering, suffocation, combustion free radical absorption in gas phase and the like is utilized to extinguish fire, for example, the fire is extinguished by covering with a foam extinguishing agent. The oil fire cracking of the transformer oil generates less micromolecular gas, and the fire extinguishing mechanism is mainly condensed phase flame retardant, so that a special fire extinguishing mechanism different from the conventional oil fire is needed.
The fire extinguishing mechanism of the invention is as follows: the surface strong expansion covering agent is quickly paved and covered on the surface of the transformer oil, so that the contact between the transformer oil and air is blocked, and flame is quickly inhibited; the water agent is an oil-in-water type anti-afterburning agent, so that the high-temperature oil fire can be prevented from afterburning by reducing the flammability of the transformer oil; meanwhile, the combustion temperature of the high-temperature oil fire is very high, water is rapidly evaporated after the common water-based fire extinguishing agent is close to the fire extinguishing agent, and the fire extinguishing agent in the water is heated and decomposed, so that the fire extinguishing agent cannot be close to the root of the transformer oil fire to extinguish the fire. According to the invention, the high-temperature evaporation preventing agent is heated at high temperature to generate water-containing colloid, so that the water evaporation and the decomposition speed of the fire extinguishing agent component under heating are slowed down, the fire extinguishing component is effectively protected from being decomposed by high-temperature oil fire before being connected with transformer oil, the fire extinguishing component can penetrate into the root of the transformer oil fire, and finally, the high-efficiency fire extinguishing for the high-temperature oil fire of the transformer is realized.
In the practice of the invention, the surface strong expansion covering agent can be: YM-316 (Shanghai Yu chemical Co., Ltd.), Intechem-14-1A (Shanghai Ying Zhengzhi Co., Ltd.), Intechem-14-2A (Shanghai Ying Zhengzhi Co., Ltd.), Intechem-14-1B (Shanghai Ying Zhengzhi Co., Ltd.), Intechem-14-3A (Shanghai Ying Zhengzhi Co., Ltd.), AC-702 (Sichuan chemical materials Co., Ltd.), FC-4430 (U.S. 3M.), FC-430 (U.S. 3M Co., Ltd.), FC-2 (U.S. 3M Co., Ltd.), and RK-8316 (Shandong Yun Xingjiu Xiu Co., Ltd.).
When the invention is implemented, the water agent oil-in-water anti-afterburning agent is as follows: XP60 (Pasteur, Germany), XP70 (Pasteur, Germany), XP80 (Pasteur, Germany), XP90 (Pasteur, Germany), XP100 (Pasteur, Germany), TO-7 (Pasteur, Germany), EH-6 (Dow, USA), APG 0810 (Guangzhou chemical industry), APG1214 (Guangzhou Collun chemical industry), Surfynol 440 (America air chemical industry) and Helmol-10 (Hamm, Germany).
When the invention is implemented, the high-temperature evaporation resistant agent is as follows: HE-300S (Shandong Henday, Inc.), HE-6000SE (Shandong Henday, Inc.), 60HD50 (Nanjing Li hong De Nei Co., Ltd.), 75HD100 (Nanjing Li hong De Nei Co., Ltd.), Aculyn 33 (Han Lin chemical industries, Inc.), Aculyn 38 (Han Lin chemical industries, Inc.), Aculyn 22 (Han Lin chemical industries, Inc.), Aculyn 28 (Han Lin chemical industries, Inc.), Aculyn 88 (Han Lin chemical industries, Inc.), Achocel 40-0100 (U.S. Dow., Celhocel 40-0101 (U.S. Dow.), Methocel 40-0202 (U.S.), Methocel A4CPCG (U.S. Dow.), Methocel K15MPCG (U.S. Dow.), Cellosize 40 (U.S. Dow., Cellosize QP 300), QP (QP R15036), QP W.S. Gemini) (QP.S.S.S.S.S.S.S.A. Cell.S.S.A. QP., QP.s.S.S.S.S.s.S.S.S.S.QP.S.QP.15 MPC., QP., QP.15 (QP.15 Pg.;., QP., QP.S. 15 (QP.) to No. 3, QP., 3600, QP., 40, QP., 40, Pis., QP., PI., QP., PI., QP., PI., QP., PI., QP., PI, A combination of one or more of Cellosize QP30000 CGR (Dow USA), Cellosize QP52000H CGR (Dow USA) and Cellosize QP100MH CGR (Dow USA).
The use method of the insulating fire extinguishing agent for the high-temperature oil fire of the transformer comprises the following steps: the insulating fire extinguishing agent for high-temperature oil fire of the transformer is mixed with water at the mixing ratio of 0.1-6% (preferably 0.5-3%), the diameter of water mist droplets is 300-900 micrometers (preferably 500-800 micrometers), and the flow rate of the water mist droplets is 1.0-3.0L/m2Min (preferably 1.5 to 2.5L/m)2Min) for outdoor wind-resistant live fire extinguishing. By means of water mistWhen outdoor wind-resistant charged fire extinguishment is carried out, water is firstly pressurized to 1.0-12.0 MPa (preferably 1.0-4.0 MPa). And the proper droplet diameter and droplet flow are adopted, and the wind resistance and the charged fire extinguishing of the outdoor transformer are realized, so that the fire safety of the transformer is protected.
The inventor finds that the charged insulating capability of water can be obviously improved by atomizing the water into fine water mist with the mist drop diameter of less than 400 mu m. However, most oil-immersed transformers are located outdoors, the outdoor wind speed is often above 5-level wind, the mist with the small droplet diameter is easily affected by wind, the jet distance is short, the wind resistance is poor, and the fire extinguishing effect is reduced. Therefore, the problem of poor wind resistance of the water mist needs to be further solved on the premise of ensuring the electrified insulating capability of the water mist.
A large number of experiments and theoretical researches find that the insulating capacity of the water mist is related to the diameter of the fog drops and the flow rate of the fog drops, the smaller the influence of the water mist on the breakdown of a water mist-air two-phase body and the flashover of the extended surface of the high-voltage sleeve is, and the stronger the electrified insulating capacity of the water mist is. Meanwhile, research also finds that the diameter of the fog drops of the water mist is inversely related to the wind proofing capability, and the flow rate of the fog drops of the water mist is not greatly related to the wind proofing capability. Therefore, the inventor proposes that the water mist wind-proof capacity is improved by increasing the diameter of the water mist droplets, and the insulating capacity of the water mist is ensured by reducing the flow of the water mist droplets, so that the negative influence of the increase of the diameter of the water mist droplets on the charged insulating capacity of the water mist is counteracted, and the wind-resistant charged fire extinguishing of the water mist outdoors is realized. Therefore, the invention is suitable for being applied to outdoor wind-resistant charged fire extinguishing water mist droplet diameter Dv99The selection is 300-900 μm, with 500-800 μm being preferred. The flow rate of water mist drops for outdoor wind-resistant electrified fire extinguishing is 1.0-3.0L/m2Min, wherein 1.5-2.5L/m is preferred2·min。
The above-mentioned selection of the mist diameter and the mist flow rate of the mist was carried out by conducting the relevant tests using the apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. Two types of tests are carried out, one is a water mist breakdown test simulating different mist droplet diameters and mist droplet flow rates under the condition that the transformer is electrified, and a test chart is shown in figure 1; one is a test for simulating the influence of water mist with different droplet diameters and droplet flow rates on flashover of the extended surface of the transformer high-voltage bushing under the condition that the transformer is electrified, and a test chart is shown in figure 2.
The test apparatus shown in fig. 1 comprises a power supply 1, a water mist control system 4, a high-voltage bushing of a simulation transformer and the like. Wherein the power supply 1 generates high voltage electricity, the high-voltage bushing of the analog transformer simulates a discharge body, and the water mist control system 4 controls the diameter and the flow rate of water mist droplets. And (4) carrying out a test of the breakdown voltage of the high-voltage sleeve of the simulation transformer under different droplet diameters and droplet flow rates by testing the water mist. The electrified voltage of the simulation transformer sleeve 3 adopts the rated working voltage of the transformer, and the distance between the water mist spray head and the simulation transformer sleeve 3 is the standard safety distance of the electrified end 2 of the transformer. In the test process, the water mist is sprayed to a charged electrode of the simulation transformer bushing 3, and whether the water mist breaks down or not under the rated working voltage of the transformer and a certain droplet diameter and droplet flow is observed. If the water mist is not broken down, the water mist with the diameter of the fog drops and the flow rate of the fog drops has the charging capacity under the working voltage, and if the water mist is broken down, the water mist with the diameter of the fog drops and the flow rate of the fog drops does not have the charging capacity under the working voltage.
The test apparatus shown in fig. 2 includes a power supply 1, a water mist control system 4, a simulated transformer bushing 3, and the like. Wherein the power supply 1 generates high voltage electricity, the simulation transformer bushing 3 simulates a discharge body, and the water mist control system 4 controls the diameter and the flow rate of water mist droplets. And (4) carrying out a transformer surface-extending flashover test of the water mist under different droplet diameters and droplet flow rates. The electrified voltage of the simulation transformer bushing 3 is the rated working voltage of the transformer, and the distance between the water mist spray head and the simulation transformer bushing 3 is the standard safety distance of the electrified end 2 of the transformer. The water mist is sprayed to the body of the simulation transformer sleeve 3, and the test observation shows that whether the simulation transformer sleeve 3 generates surface flashover or not under the rated working voltage of the transformer and the certain droplet diameter and droplet flow. If the transformer bushing does not flashover along the surface, the water mist with the diameter of the fog drops and the flow rate of the fog drops has the charging capacity under the working voltage, and if the water mist is broken down, the water mist with the diameter of the fog drops and the flow rate of the fog drops does not have the charging capacity under the working voltage.
The water mist with certain droplet diameter and droplet content is adopted to carry out the two tests, when the water mist passes through the two tests, the water mist is not broken down, and the simulation transformer sleeve 3 is not subjected to surface-extending flashover, so that the water mist with the droplet diameter and the droplet content does not influence the operation of the transformer, and the insulating requirement of the transformer on live fire extinguishment can be met.
However, the above method of reducing the flow rate of mist droplets can improve the insulating ability of mist, but it is also necessary to reduce the fire extinguishing ability of mist. In order to improve the fire extinguishing capability of the water mist and ensure the overall fire extinguishing effect of the fire extinguishing system, the insulating fire extinguishing agent is preferably used for improving the fire extinguishing effect of the water mist.
The following is illustrated with reference to the examples:
example 1:
the transformer high-temperature oil-fire oil insulation fire extinguishing agent comprises the following components: 5kg of YM-316, 40kg of XP80, 15kg of 65HD50 and 40kg of water. The preparation method comprises the steps of uniformly stirring 5kg of YM-316 (Shanghai Yu Wood chemical Co., Ltd.), 40kg of XP80 (Pasv, Germany) and 15kg of 65HD50 (Nanjing Lihongde trade Co., Ltd.) with 40kg of water in a 200L glass stirring reaction kettle for 1 hour to obtain a mixture, thus obtaining the sample 1.
Comparative example 1:
the transformer high-temperature oil-fire oil insulation fire extinguishing agent comprises the following components: 5kg of YM-316, 40kg of XP80 and 40kg of water. The preparation method comprises the steps of uniformly stirring YM-3165 kg, XP 8040 kg and 40kg of water in a 200L glass stirring reaction kettle for 1 hour to obtain a mixture, namely obtaining a sample 2.
Comparative example 2:
the transformer high-temperature oil-fire oil insulation fire extinguishing agent comprises the following components: 5kg of YM-316, 15kg of 65HD50 and 40kg of water. The preparation method comprises the steps of uniformly stirring YM-3165 kg, 65HD 5015 kg and 40kg of water in a 200L glass stirring reaction kettle for 1 hour to obtain a mixture, namely obtaining a sample 3.
Comparative example 3:
the transformer high-temperature oil-fire oil insulation fire extinguishing agent comprises the following components: 40kg of XP80, 15kg of 65HD50 and 40kg of water. The preparation method comprises the steps of uniformly stirring XP 8040 kg, 65HD 5015 kg and 40kg of water in a 200L glass stirring reaction kettle for 1 hour to obtain a mixture, namely obtaining a sample 4.
Example 5:
the transformer oil fire extinguishing agent comprises the following components: 4kg of FC-430 (3M, USA), 30kg of Surfynol 440 (air chemical, USA), 25kg of Aculyn 33 (Hanlin chemical Co., Ltd.), 41kg of water. The preparation method comprises the steps of uniformly stirring 4kg of FC-430, 30kg of Surfynol 440, 25kg of Aculyn 33 and 41kg of water in a 200L glass stirring reaction kettle for 1 hour to obtain a mixture, namely obtaining a sample 5.
Example 6:
the transformer oil fire extinguishing agent comprises the following components: 10kg of Intechem-14-2A (Shanghai Ying science and technology Co., Ltd.), 20kg of Helmol-10 (Hamm, Germany), 20kg of Cellosize QP15000H CGR (Dow, USA) and 50kg of water. The preparation method comprises the steps of firstly uniformly stirring 10kg of Intechem-14-2A, 10kg of Helmol-1020 kg of Cellosize QP15000H CGR and 50kg of water in a 200L glass stirring reaction kettle for 1 hour to obtain a mixture, namely the sample 6.
Example 7:
the transformer oil fire extinguishing agent comprises the following components: 2kg RK-8316 (Shandong cloud technology development Co., Ltd.), 50kg Helmol-10 (Hamm, Germany), 18kg Cellosize QP15000H CGR (Dow, USA), 30kg water. The preparation method comprises the steps of firstly uniformly stirring RK-83162 kg, Helmol-1050 kg, Cellosize QP15000H CGR 18kg and water 30kg in a 200L glass stirring reaction kettle for 1 hour to obtain a mixture, namely the sample 7.
Example 8:
the transformer oil fire extinguishing agent comprises the following components: 8kg RK-8316 (Shandong cloud technology development Co., Ltd.), 12kg APG 0810 (Guangzhou Kelong chemical industry), 30kg Cellosize QP15000H CGR (Dow, USA), 50kg water. The preparation method comprises the steps of uniformly stirring 30kg of RK-83168 kg, 081012 kg of APG, QP15000H CGR and 50kg of water in a 200L glass stirring reaction kettle for 1 hour to obtain a mixture, namely obtaining the sample 8.
Application example 1:
firstly, an oil pan with a diameter of 1m and a height of 0.5m is placed on a horizontal ground, and the oil pan is first placed on the horizontal groundAdding 500L 25# Clarity transformer oil, heating the transformer oil to 90 ℃, and finally adding 2L gasoline for ignition. Pure water and water agents added with samples 1-8 are respectively adopted for fire extinguishing (the mixing ratio of the samples 1-8 to the water is 3%), the diameter of fire extinguishing water mist drops is 500 micrometers, and the flow rate of the water mist drops is 2.0L/m2Min. And (3) igniting the fire plate, pre-burning for 360s, then extinguishing the fire, stopping spraying the fire extinguishing agent after the open fire is extinguished, and recording the fire extinguishing time. To ensure repeatability, each set of experiments was performed at least twice and the average was taken. The effective extinguishing time ratio of the above 8 extinguishing agents is shown in table 1 below.
Table 1: effective fire extinguishing time of 8 fire extinguishing agents and pure water in application example 1 for transformer oil fire
| Sample (I) | Pure water | Sample 1 | |
|
Sample No. 4 | Sample No. 5 | Sample No. 6 | Sample 7 | Sample 8 |
| Time of fire(s) | 50 | 15 | 31 | 36 | 40 | 16 | 16 | 18 | 17 |
Application example 2:
firstly, an oil pan with the diameter of 1m and the height of 0.5m is placed on a horizontal ground, 500L 25# Clarity transformer oil is added into the oil pan, the transformer oil is heated to 90 ℃, and finally 2L gasoline is added for ignition. Pure water and water agents added with samples 1-8 are respectively adopted for fire extinguishing (the mixing ratio of the samples 1-8 to the water is 2%), the diameter of fire extinguishing water mist drops is 500 micrometers, and the flow rate of the water mist drops is 2.0L/m2Min. The fire plate is ignited to pre-burn for 360s, then fire extinguishing is started, and the fire extinguishing agent is stopped spraying after open fire is extinguished. After waiting 100 seconds after fire extinguishment, the anti-burn pot containing 2L of fuel was placed in the center of the oil pan and ignited, and the time from ignition of the anti-burn pot to 25% of the fuel area of the oil pan being ignited, i.e., the anti-reignition time, was recorded. To ensure repeatability, each set of experiments was performed at least twice and the average was taken. The re-ignition prevention time ratios of the above 8 fire extinguishing agents are shown in table 2 below.
Table 2: application example 2 of 8 fire extinguishing agents and pure water to re-ignition prevention time of transformer oil fire
| Sample (I) | Pure water | Sample 1 | |
|
Sample No. 4 | Sample No. 5 | Sample No. 6 | Sample 7 | Sample 8 |
| Time of fire(s) | 15 | 98 | 95 | 28 | 96 | 84 | 81 | 79 | 88 |
Application example 3:
an oil pan having a diameter of 1m and a height of 0.5m was first placed on a horizontal floor, and a weighing scale having an accuracy of 0.1g was placed below the oil pan. 500L 25# Clarity transformer oil was added to the oil pan, the transformer oil was heated to 90 degrees, and finally 2L gasoline was added to ignite the oil pan. After an oil disc is ignited, firstly, oil fire is pre-combusted for 360 seconds, then pure water and water agents added with samples 1-8 are respectively adopted to be sprayed to a fire scene (the mixing ratio of the samples 1-8 to the water is 1.8%), the diameter of fire extinguishing water mist drops is 500 micrometers, and the flow rate of the water mist drops is 0.17L/s. The weight change of the oil pan when pure water and water agent are sprayed to the fire scene is weighed. To ensure repeatability, each set of experiments was performed at least twice and the average was taken. The weight change of the oil pan when the above 8 fire extinguishing agents were sprayed to the fire scene is shown in table 3 below.
Table 3: application example 3 weight change of 8 fire extinguishing agents and pure water against transformer oil fire
| Sample (I) | Pure water | Sample 1 | |
|
Sample No. 4 |
| Time of fire(s) | +0.05g/s | +0.12g/s | +0.07g/s | +0.12g/s | +0.13g/s |
| Sample (I) | Sample No. 5 | Sample No. 6 | Sample 7 | Sample 8 | |
| Time of fire(s) | +0.11g/s | +0.12g/s | +0.11g/s | +0.12g/s |
As can be seen from table 1, samples 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8 all contained the surface spreading covering agent, the water-in-oil anti-afterburning agent, and the high temperature evaporation preventing agent, which all had better fire extinguishing effect, and the best fire extinguishing effect of sample 1. Furthermore, the surface spreading covering agent, the water-based oil-in-water anti-afterburning agent and the high-temperature evaporation preventing agent are three key components for determining the fire extinguishing performance of the fire extinguishing agent. Wherein the surface spreading covering agent is quickly spread and covered on the surface of the transformer oil to prevent the transformer oil from contacting with air; the water-based oil-in-water anti-afterburning agent is used for uniformly dispersing fire extinguishing water-based liquid in the transformer oil in the form of micro droplets to form high-efficiency water-based oil-in-water suspension, so that the flammability of the transformer oil is reduced; the fire extinguishing component of the high-temperature evaporation preventing agent can effectively protect the fire extinguishing component from being burnt by high-temperature oil fire before contacting transformer oil, and extends to the root of the transformer oil fire, and finally, the high-efficiency fire extinguishing of the transformer high-temperature oil fire is realized.
As can be seen from table 2, samples 1, 2, 4, and 5 to 8 to which the water-based oil-in-water type anti-afterburning agent was added had good anti-afterburning ability, while sample 3 to which the water-based oil-in-oil type anti-afterburning agent was not added had poor anti-afterburning ability.
As can be seen from table 3, the weight gain rate of the oil pan after the addition of the high temperature evaporation preventing agent (sample 1, sample 3, sample 4, samples 5 to 8) was significantly higher than that of pure water and the fire extinguishing agent without the addition of the high temperature evaporation preventing agent, and the test results show that the high temperature evaporation preventing agent was effective in preventing the evaporation of the fire extinguishing agent.
In conclusion, the insulating fire extinguishing agent has the advantages of fast spreading, reducing the flammability of the transformer oil, putting the transformer oil into a high-temperature oil fire for extinguishing the fire, efficiently extinguishing the transformer oil fire and preventing re-burning. When the outdoor transformer is used, the proper droplet diameter and droplet flow are adopted, and meanwhile, the wind resistance and the charged fire extinguishing of the outdoor transformer are realized, so that the fire safety of the transformer is protected.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A use method of an insulating fire extinguishing agent for high-temperature oil fire of a transformer comprises the following steps: the insulating fire extinguishing agent for the high-temperature oil fire of the transformer comprises the following components:
0.5-10 wt% of surface strong expanding covering agent; the surface strong expansion covering agent is as follows: one or more of YM-316, Intechem-14-1A, Intechem-14-2A, Intechem-14-1B, Intechem-14-3A, AC-702, FC-4430, FC-430, FC-2 and RK-8316;
5-50 wt% of water-in-oil anti-reburning agent; the water agent oil-in-water anti-afterburning agent comprises: XP60, XP70, XP80, XP90, XP100, TO-7, EH-6, APG 0810, APG1214, Surfynol 440 and Helmol-10;
0.5-30% by weight of a high-temperature evaporation preventing agent;
15-50% by weight of water;
the high-temperature evaporation preventing agent comprises: HE-300S, HE-6000S, HE-6000SE, 60HD50, 65HD50, 75HD100, Aculyn 33, Aculyn 38, Aculyn 22, Aculyn 28, Aculyn 88, Methocel 40-0100, Methocel40-0101, Methocel 40-0202, Methocel A4CPCG, Methocel K15MPCG, Cellosize QP40 CGR, Cellosize QP300 CGR, Cellosize QP4400H CGR, Cellosize QP15000H CGR, Cellosize QP30000 CGR, Cellosize QP52000H CGR and Cellosize QP100MH CGR;
will be as aboveThe insulating fire extinguishing agent for the high-temperature oil fire of the transformer is mixed with water, the mixing ratio is 0.5-3%, the diameter of water mist droplets is 500-800 mu m, and the flow rate of the water mist droplets is 1.5-2.5L/m2And carrying out outdoor wind-resistant electrified fire extinguishing by using min water mist, and pressurizing water to 1.0-4.0 MPa when carrying out outdoor wind-resistant electrified fire extinguishing by using the water mist.
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