CN110139303B - Rapid simulation method and device for equivalent signal level TOA measurement - Google Patents
Rapid simulation method and device for equivalent signal level TOA measurement Download PDFInfo
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- CN110139303B CN110139303B CN201910326656.5A CN201910326656A CN110139303B CN 110139303 B CN110139303 B CN 110139303B CN 201910326656 A CN201910326656 A CN 201910326656A CN 110139303 B CN110139303 B CN 110139303B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
- G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
- G01S5/04—Position of source determined by a plurality of spaced direction-finders
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
- H04W24/06—Testing, supervising or monitoring using simulated traffic
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W64/00—Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
- H04W64/006—Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management with additional information processing, e.g. for direction or speed determination
Abstract
The invention discloses a rapid simulation method and a rapid simulation device for equivalent signal level TOA measurement, wherein the method comprises the following steps: step 1, obtaining a mathematical relation between signal receiving power and TOA through simulation of a signal level TOA algorithm module; and 2, calculating the signal receiving power according to the signal transmitting power of the target, and calculating to obtain a TOA estimated value by using a mathematical relation between the signal receiving power and the TOA. The invention obtains the mathematical relation between the signal receiving power and the TOA through the simulation of the algorithm module, obtains the TOA estimated value directly from the mathematical relation during the system simulation, and does not perform the signal transmitting and receiving simulation processing flow, thereby avoiding a large amount of calculation, effectively solving the problem of slow simulation speed of a multipoint positioning system level, and being beneficial to the quick verification of system indexes under the condition of not losing the overall performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of multipoint positioning, in particular to a method and a device for quickly simulating equivalent signal level TOA measurement.
Background
The multipoint positioning technology is a hotspot of domestic and foreign research at present, wherein the accuracy of signal TOA measurement directly determines the accuracy of a multipoint positioning system, at present, the TOA measurement and estimation are generally carried out by generating digital signals, which is referred to as signal level simulation for short, the process is a process for carrying out algorithm verification and can also be referred to as an algorithm module simulation process, but the method is more suitable for the verification of a single target signal TOA algorithm of a single platform; when the multipoint positioning system is simulated, a single target is changed into a plurality of targets by the TOA algorithm, a single station is changed into a plurality of stations by the stations, the system also needs to consider the influence of other factors such as inter-station synchronization, clock drift, a step station array type, step station errors and the like, meanwhile, other various complex algorithm verifications of the multipoint positioning system need to be added, the calculation amount of the multipoint positioning system is far larger than that of a single-target single-platform signal TOA algorithm, long time is often needed for observing the effect of the whole simulation system if a signal level simulation method is adopted, and the operation effect of the whole system is not favorably and rapidly evaluated.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the problems that the method adopting signal level simulation needs a long time and is not beneficial to quickly evaluating the overall operation effect of the system, a quick simulation method and a quick simulation device for equivalent signal level TOA measurement are provided.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for rapid simulation of equivalent signal level TOA measurement comprises the following steps:
step 1, obtaining a mathematical relation between signal receiving power and TOA through simulation of a signal level TOA algorithm module;
and 2, calculating the signal receiving power according to the signal transmitting power of the target, and calculating to obtain a TOA estimated value by using a mathematical relation between the signal receiving power and the TOA.
Further, step 1 specifically includes:
(1) establishing an algorithm simulation model of equivalent signal level TOA measurement;
(2) based on the established algorithm simulation model, Mongolian Carlo simulation is carried out by taking the signal receiving power as an independent variable and the TOA error as a dependent variable, so as to obtain the TOA root mean square error under different signal receiving powers;
(3) obtaining the relation between the signal receiving power and the TOA by counting the TOA root mean square error under different signal receiving powers;
(4) according to the relation between the signal received power and the TOA, determining a mathematical relation between the signal received power and the TOA through nonlinear fitting:
TOAi＝ζ(Pi)＝A*Pi 3+B*Pi 2+C*Pi 1+D
wherein, TOAiDenotes the measurement of the ith TOA, PiRepresenting the received signal power, the value of parameter A, B, C, D is obtained from Matlab via a non-linear fit.
Further, the TOA measurement algorithm simulation model for establishing equivalent signal level TOA measurement needs to be designed according to the characteristics of signal waveforms.
Further, step 2 specifically includes:
(1) according to the target transmitting power PTAnd channel loss LPCalculating signal received power PR：PR＝PT-LP；
(2) Using the mathematical relation between the received signal power and TOARCalculating to obtain TOA estimationThe value is obtained.
Further, the channel loss LPThe method comprises the following steps: path loss LdShadow fading LsMultipath fading Lmpath：LP＝Ld+Ls+Lmpath。
Further, the path loss LdThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows: l isd32.4+20lgf +20lgd, where d is the distance between the target and the surveillance platform and f is the carrier frequency.
Further, the shadow fading LsUsing a random variable X with a probability density lognormally distributedσTo describe, XσThe mean is 0 and the standard deviation is σ.
Further, the multipath fading LmpathUsing a random variable Y with probability density in Rayleigh or Laies distributionμTo describe, YμThe mean is 0 and the standard deviation is μ.
Furthermore, when measuring TOAs of various signal types, each signal type is respectively corresponding to a mathematical expression of signal received power and TOA; and respectively calculating to obtain TOA estimated values of different signal types according to the mathematical expressions of the signal receiving power and the TOA corresponding to the different signal types.
A fast simulation apparatus for equivalent signal level TOA measurement, comprising:
the algorithm simulation module is used for obtaining a mathematical relation between the signal receiving power and the TOA through simulation of the signal level TOA algorithm module;
and the system simulation module is used for calculating the signal receiving power according to the signal transmitting power of the target and calculating the TOA estimated value by utilizing a mathematical relation between the signal receiving power and the TOA.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention obtains the mathematical relation between the signal receiving power and the TOA through the simulation of the algorithm module, obtains the TOA estimated value directly from the mathematical relation when the system is simulated, and does not carry out the signal transmitting and receiving simulation processing flow, thereby avoiding a large amount of calculation.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a fast simulation method of equivalent signal level TOA measurement according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram comparing signal level simulation with the functional level simulation implementation of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph of non-linear fit signal received power versus TOA accuracy.
Fig. 4 is a graph of signal received power versus target distance for an ideal path loss case.
Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a signal received power and a target distance in a channel environment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The features and properties of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to examples.
Example 1
In this embodiment, the ADS-B signal is taken as an example, and other signals such as the S mode interrogation response signal, the M3A/C interrogation response signal, and the DME interrogation response signal can be verified according to this method. The fast simulation method for equivalent signal level TOA measurement provided in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, includes:
step 1, simulation of an algorithm module: obtaining a mathematical relation between the signal received power and the TOA through simulation of a signal level TOA algorithm module:
(1) establishing an algorithm simulation model of equivalent signal level TOA measurement: the design is carried out according to the characteristics of signal waveforms. The current common algorithm for multi-point positioning includes: a pulse leading edge TOA measurement algorithm, a pulse matched filter TOA measurement algorithm, a pulse differential matched filter TOA measurement algorithm, and the like. In this embodiment, the ADS-B signal mainly adopts a pulse matching filtering TOA measurement algorithm, and a simulation implementation process of the pulse matching filtering TOA measurement algorithm is shown in a signal level simulation process in fig. 2.
(2) Based on the established algorithm simulation model, a Matlab compiling signal generating module, a signal receiving module and a TOA algorithm measuring module are adopted to carry out Mongolian Carlo simulation by taking the signal receiving power as an independent variable and the TOA error as a dependent variable so as to obtain the TOA root mean square error under different signal receiving powers. The evaluation formula of the root mean square error of the TOA of N times of simulation is as follows:
the ADS-B signal is subjected to Carlo simulation by taking 5dBm power as a step within the power range of-90 dBm to-50 dBm, the simulation frequency N at each power point is 1000, and the TOA root mean square error is shown in figure 3.
(3) The relation between the signal received power and the TOA is obtained by counting the root mean square error of the TOA under different signal received powers:
(4) according to the relation between the signal received power and the TOA, determining a mathematical relation between the signal received power and the TOA through nonlinear fitting:
TOAi＝ζ(Pi)＝A*Pi 3+B*Pi 2+C*Pi 1+D
wherein, TOAiDenotes the measurement of the ith TOA, PiRepresenting the received power of the signal, the value of parameter A, B, C, D was obtained from Matlab via a non-linear fit, the effect of which is shown by the solid line in fig. 3.
(1) According to the target transmitting power PTAnd channel loss LPCalculating signal received power PR：PR＝PT-LP；
Receiving a target signal through a detection platform, wherein the signal transmitting power of the target is assumed to be PTAnd a channel loss of LPChannel loss LPThe method comprises the following steps: path loss LdShadow fading LsMultipath fading Lmpath：
LP＝Ld+Ls+Lmpath
For airborne surveillance signals, the path loss LdThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Ld＝32.4+20lgf+20lgd
where d is the distance between the target and the receiving platform (in KM) and f is the carrier frequency (in MHz). The embodiment measures the received signal power P of the ADS-B signal under the condition of ideal path lossRThe relationship with the target distance d is shown in fig. 4. As can be seen from the figure, the received power gradually decreases with increasing distance, and the relationship is time-invariant and one-to-one.
The described vaginaShadow fading LsThe probability density function of (2) is subject to log-normal distribution, and a random variable X with probability density in log-normal distribution is usedσTo describe, XσThe mean is 0 and the standard deviation is σ.
The multipath fading LmpathThe probability density function obeys Rayleigh distribution or Leise distribution, and a random variable Y is presented by a probability densityμTo describe, YμThe mean is 0 and the standard deviation is μ.
In summary, the signal received power PRExpressed as:
PR＝PT-LP＝PT-(Ld-Xσ-Yμ)
the embodiment measures the channel loss L of the ADS-B signalPTime, signal received power PRThe relationship with the target distance d is shown in fig. 5. As can be seen, the relationship between the received power and the target distance is non-linear and time-varying as the distance increases.
(2) Using the mathematical relation between the received signal power and TOARAnd calculating to obtain the TOA estimated value. The calculated signal receiving power PRSubstituting the mathematical relation between the signal received power and the TOA to calculate the TOA estimated value of the target position, thereby realizing the TOA measurement of the target signal.
Based on the above method for fast simulating equivalent signal level TOA measurement, this embodiment further provides a fast simulating apparatus for equivalent signal level TOA measurement, including:
the algorithm simulation module is used for obtaining a mathematical relation between the signal receiving power and the TOA through simulation of the signal level TOA algorithm module;
and the system simulation module is used for calculating the signal receiving power according to the signal transmitting power of the target and calculating the TOA estimated value by utilizing a mathematical relation between the signal receiving power and the TOA.
The operation process of the functional module in the rapid simulation apparatus for equivalent signal level TOA measurement has been described by the above-mentioned flow description of the rapid simulation method for equivalent signal level TOA measurement, and is not described herein again.
According to the implementation process of the method, the mathematical relation between the signal receiving power and the TOA is obtained through the simulation of the algorithm module, when the system is simulated, the TOA estimated value is directly obtained through the mathematical relation, and the signal transmitting and receiving simulation processing flow is not carried out any more, so that a large amount of calculation is avoided.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method for fast simulation of equivalent signal level TOA measurement is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, obtaining a mathematical relation between signal receiving power and TOA through simulation of a signal level TOA algorithm module;
step 2, calculating signal receiving power according to the signal transmitting power of the target, and calculating to obtain a TOA estimated value by using a mathematical relation between the signal receiving power and the TOA;
the step 1 specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) establishing an algorithm simulation model of equivalent signal level TOA measurement; establishing a TOA measurement algorithm simulation model for equivalent signal level TOA measurement, wherein the simulation model needs to be designed according to the characteristics of signal waveforms;
(2) on the basis of the established algorithm simulation model, a Matlab compiling signal generating module, a signal receiving module and a TOA algorithm measuring module are adopted to carry out Mongolian Carlo simulation by taking the signal receiving power as an independent variable and the TOA error as a dependent variable so as to obtain the TOA root mean square error under different signal receiving powers; the evaluation formula of the root mean square error of the TOA of N times of simulation is as follows:
(3) obtaining the relation between the signal receiving power and the TOA by counting the TOA root mean square error under different signal receiving powers;
(4) according to the relation between the signal received power and the TOA, determining a mathematical relation between the signal received power and the TOA through nonlinear fitting:
TOAi＝ζ(Pi)＝A*Pi 3+B*Pi 2+C*Pi 1+D
wherein, TOAiDenotes the measurement of the ith TOA, PiRepresenting the signal received power, the value of parameter A, B, C, D is obtained by Matlab via non-linear fitting;
the step 2 specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the target transmitting power PTAnd channel loss LPCalculating signal received power PR：PR＝PT-LP(ii) a The channel loss LPIs a path loss LdShadow fading LsAnd multipath fading LmpathSum, i.e. LP＝Ld+Ls+Lmpath(ii) a The path loss LdThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows: l isd32.4+20lgf +20lgd, where d is the distance between the target and the surveillance platform and f is the carrier frequency; the shadow fading LsUsing a random variable X with a probability density lognormally distributedσTo describe, XσThe mean value is 0 and the standard deviation is sigma; the multipath fading LmpathUsing a random variable Y with probability density in Rayleigh or Laies distributionμTo describe, YμMean 0, standard deviation μ;
(2) using the mathematical relation between the received signal power and TOARCalculating to obtain TOA estimated value, signal received power PRExpressed as: pR＝PT-LP＝PT-Ld-Xσ-Yμ。
2. The method of claim 1 wherein, for the measurement of TOAs of multiple signal types, a mathematical expression of received power of signal and TOA is respectively associated with each signal type; and respectively calculating to obtain TOA estimated values of different signal types according to the mathematical expressions of the signal receiving power and the TOA corresponding to the different signal types.
3. A rapid simulation apparatus for equivalent signal level TOA measurement, comprising:
the algorithm simulation module is used for obtaining a mathematical relation between the signal receiving power and the TOA through simulation of the signal level TOA algorithm module; the execution steps of the algorithm simulation module specifically comprise:
(1) establishing an algorithm simulation model of equivalent signal level TOA measurement; establishing a TOA measurement algorithm simulation model for equivalent signal level TOA measurement, wherein the simulation model needs to be designed according to the characteristics of signal waveforms;
(2) on the basis of the established algorithm simulation model, a Matlab compiling signal generating module, a signal receiving module and a TOA algorithm measuring module are adopted to carry out Mongolian Carlo simulation by taking the signal receiving power as an independent variable and the TOA error as a dependent variable so as to obtain the TOA root mean square error under different signal receiving powers; the evaluation formula of the root mean square error of the TOA of N times of simulation is as follows:
(3) obtaining the relation between the signal receiving power and the TOA by counting the TOA root mean square error under different signal receiving powers;
(4) according to the relation between the signal received power and the TOA, determining a mathematical relation between the signal received power and the TOA through nonlinear fitting:
TOAi＝ζ(Pi)＝A*Pi 3+B*Pi 2+C*Pi 1+D
wherein, TOAiDenotes the measurement of the ith TOA, PiRepresenting the signal received power, the value of parameter A, B, C, D is obtained by Matlab via non-linear fitting;
the system simulation module is used for calculating the signal receiving power according to the signal transmitting power of the target and calculating the TOA estimated value by utilizing the mathematical relation between the signal receiving power and the TOA; the execution steps of the system simulation module specifically include:
(1) according to the target transmitting power PTAnd channel loss LPCalculating signal received power PR：PR＝PT-LP(ii) a The channel loss LPIs a path loss LdShadow fading LsAnd multipath fading LmpathSum, i.e. LP＝Ld+Ls+Lmpath(ii) a The path loss LdThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows: l isd32.4+20lgf +20lgd, where d is the distance between the target and the surveillance platform and f is the carrier frequency; the shadow fading LsUsing a random variable X with a probability density lognormally distributedσTo describe, XσThe mean value is 0 and the standard deviation is sigma; the multipath fading LmpathUsing a random variable Y with probability density in Rayleigh or Laies distributionμTo describe, YμMean 0, standard deviation μ;
(2) using the mathematical relation between the received signal power and TOARCalculating to obtain TOA estimated value, signal received power PRExpressed as: pR＝PT-LP＝PT-Ld-Xσ-Yμ。
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