A kind of construction method of gas chromatography-mass spectrum spine date seed oil characteristic spectrum and application
Technical field
The invention belongs to detection technique fields, and in particular to a kind of structure of gas chromatography-mass spectrum spine date seed oil characteristic spectrum
Construction method and application, the analysis of spine date seed oil characteristic spectrum and similarity evaluation provide new inspection for the quality control of spine date seed oil
Survey method.
Background technique
Semen ziziphi spinosae is included " Chinese Pharmacopoeia " in 1977, is all arranged since ancient times first recorded in Eastern Han Dynasty's last years of a dynasty or reign Shennong's Herbal
For the good medicine of antitoxic heart-soothing and sedative, be country defend " being both food and Chinese medicine substance " that State Family Planning Commission promulgates earliest Chinese medicine it
One.Studies have shown that the main chemical compositions of semen ziziphi spinosae have the secondary metabolites such as saponin(e, flavones, alkaloid and fatty acid, amino
The primary metabolites such as acid, nucleic acid, carbohydrate.Wherein spine date seed oil accounts for 30% or more, and most of is fatty acid substance.Modern pharmacology
Studies have shown that spine date seed oil has the function of calmness, hypnosis, improves learning and memory.Therefore spine date seed oil product is as improvement sleep
Health care product be active in medical care market.Reason jujube kernel is the equal congener indian jujube Ziziphus of semen ziziphi spinosae
The mature seed of mauritiana Lam., shape and semen ziziphi spinosae and its similar, medicinal material market serves as semen ziziphi spinosae to manage jujube kernel
Phenomenon is generally existing.But the two price great disparity, semen ziziphi spinosae are 5 to 6 times for managing jujube kernel price.To prevent bad businessman from seeking cruelly
Power damages consumer's interests, therefore is badly in need of establishing a kind of effective method and carries out quality control to spine date seed oil.
Currently, domestic scholars Zhang Zhifei establishes genuine Semen Ziziphi Spinosae from Hebei Province fat oil GC-MS characteristic spectrum.But its sample
Product complex pretreatment distinguishes semen ziziphi spinosae and reason jujube kernel only with similarity value.The scholars such as Wu and Zhen carry out overcritical
The characteristic spectrum of carbon dioxide abstraction spine date seed oil is studied, and the consistency of semen ziziphi spinosae medicinal material is evaluated.This method is relatively complicated, cannot
Realize that spine date seed oil quickly identifies.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of gas phase color aiming at the problem that the existing evaluation method complex treatment process to spine date seed oil
Spectrum-mass spectrum spine date seed oil characteristic spectrum construction method and application.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of construction method of gas chromatography-mass spectrum spine date seed oil characteristic spectrum, includes the following steps:
The first step, the extraction of spine date seed oil: taking each batch sample 2g respectively, set in Soxhlet extraction, adds petroleum ether 90mL, and 60
It is heated to reflux 4h at~90 DEG C, recycles petroleum ether, obtains spine date seed oil;
The preparation of the derivatization and test sample solution of spine date seed oil: second step draws the spine date seed oil of each batch sample
150 μ L of trim,ethylchlorosilane derivatization reagent is added, after being put into 1.5h derived from constant temperature oscillation metal bath, by 0.22 μ in 50 μ L
The filter membrane of m obtains test sample solution;
Third step, gas chromatography-mass spectrography measure spine date seed oil characteristic spectrum: gas-chromatography test condition are as follows: GC-MS
Combined instrument, the HP-5MS capillary column of 30m × 0.25mm × 0.25 μm, carrier gas are high pure nitrogen, and flow velocity 1.0mL/min divides
For stream than being 20:1, sample volume is 0.5 μ L, 150 DEG C of initial temperature, keeps 1min, then rises to 215 DEG C with 5 DEG C/min, keeps
18min rises to 240 DEG C later with 5 DEG C/min, keeps 6min, then rises to 270 holding 13min with 10 DEG C/min;
Mass Spectrometry Conditions: EI ionize 70eV, 200 DEG C of ion source temperature, 250 DEG C of interface temperature, scanning range 50-500m/z;
The Qualitative Identification of chemical component: 4th step according to the gas chromatography-mass spectrum spectrogram of spine date seed oil, uses
Masshunter Data Analysis Software combination NIST14 standard mass spectrogram and Relative Retention Indices, match compound,
Compound with degree greater than 90% can be used as qualification result.
The temperature of constant temperature oscillation metal bath described in second step is 90 DEG C, revolving speed 300r/min.
A kind of construction method of gas chromatography-mass spectrum spine date seed oil characteristic spectrum is used for the quality testing of spine date seed oil.This
Advantageous effect of the invention is as follows:
The present invention establishes one kind using gas chromatography-mass spectrum technology combination Chinese medicine chromatographic characteristics map similarity evaluation system
Method that is convenient, effective and quality control integrally being carried out to spine date seed oil.This research pre-treatment is using direct derivatization
Method handles sample, easy to be time saving, identifies 27 ingredients altogether, and this method can embody saturated fatty acid and unsaturated fat
Feature of the acid in spine date seed oil and reason jujube kernel oil component.This research to guarantee spine date seed oil Chinese medicine and healthy food material,
The quality of preparation intermediate products and the exploitation of semen ziziphi spinosae series traditional Chinese new drug have important meaning.
Have the following advantages that compared with prior art and effect: 1. Sample pretreatments are simple;2. using Masshunter number
Compound is matched according to analysis 14 standard mass spectrogram of software combination NIST and Relative Retention Indices, identifies 27 ingredients altogether;
3. 9 characteristic peaks of the spine date seed oil characteristic spectrum that research institute establishes obtain structure and point out, the face relative peak area Zhan Zong Feng
Long-pending 90% or more can more accurately evaluate the quality of spine date seed oil.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the total ion chromatogram of spine date seed oil;
Fig. 2 is the total ion chromatogram for managing jujube kernel oil;
Fig. 3 is spine date seed oil characteristic spectrum and compare feature map;
Fig. 4 is the relative amount figure of spine date seed oil characteristic component;
Fig. 5 is spine date seed oil and reason jujube kernel oil PCA analysis chart;
Fig. 6 is spine date seed oil and the ratio analysis figure for managing jujube kernel oil.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Spine date seed oil characteristic spectrum is established, is included the following steps:
The collection of step (1) sample.It is specific as follows: to test semen ziziphi spinosae buying used in Hebei Anguo medicinal material market and Shanxi
Zhen Dong genunie medicinal materials Co., Ltd.Identified semen ziziphi spinosae is rhamnaceae plant wild jujube Ziziphus jujube
The dry mature seed of Mill.Var.spinose (Bunge) Hu ex H.F.Chou;Reason jujube kernel is Rhamnaceae plant Yunnan wild jujube
The dry mature seed of Ziziphus mauritiana Lam..13 batches of semen ziziphi spinosae samples are had collected altogether, are stored in University Of Shanxi
Modern study of TCM center.
Step (2) spine date seed oil extracts.Specific as follows: taking each batch sample, precision weighs 2g respectively, sets in Soxhlet extraction,
Add petroleum ether (60~90 DEG C) 90mL, be heated to reflux 4 hours, recycle petroleum ether, obtains spine date seed oil and reason jujube kernel oil.
The preparation of step (3) derivatization and test solution.It is specific as follows: to draw the 50 μ L of oil of each batch sample, be added
150 μ L of TMCS (trim,ethylchlorosilane) derivatization reagent is put into constant temperature oscillation metal bath (model: Mixing Block MB-
102) with temperature for 90 DEG C, revolving speed 300r in, derivative 1.5h crosses 0.22 μm of filter membrane to get test solution.
Step (4) gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis.It is specific as follows:
Instrument and reagent: GC-MS combined instrument (Agilent 5977B gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer, G4513A autosampler, level Four
Bar mass analyzer);HP-5MS capillary column (30m × 0.25mm × 0.25 μm), the examination of TMCS (trim,ethylchlorosilane) derivatization
150 μ L of agent, constant temperature oscillation metal bath (model: Mixing Block MB-102).
GC conditions: HP-5MS capillary column (30m × 0.25mm × 0.25 μm), carrier gas are high pure nitrogen, flow velocity
For 1.0mL/min, split ratio 20:1, sample volume is 0.5 μ L, and inlet temperature is transmission line temperature, temperature programming: starting temperature
150 DEG C of degree keeps 1min, then rises to 215 DEG C with 5 DEG C/min, keeps 18min, rises to 240 DEG C later with 5 DEG C/min, keeps
Then 6min rises to 270 DEG C of holding 13min with 10 DEG C/min.
Mass Spectrometry Conditions: EI ionize 70eV, 200 DEG C of ion source temperature, 250 DEG C of interface temperature, scanning range m/z 50-500.
Step (5) chemical component Qualitive test.It is specific as follows: according to the method for step (2-4), to obtain the gas of spine date seed oil
Phase chromatography-mass spectroscopy spectrogram (see Fig. 1).Using 14 standard mass spectrogram of Masshunter Data Analysis Software combination NIST and relatively
Retention index matches compound, and compound of the matching degree greater than 95% can be used as qualification result.To in total ion current figure
Each peak retrieve and check NIST14 LIBRARY standard mass spectrum picture library through mass spectrum computer data system, matching degree is greater than 95%
Compound can be used as qualification result.27 ingredients are identified altogether, are shown in Table 1.
The chemical component identified in 1 semen ziziphi spinosae of table and reason jujube kernel oil
Step (6) characteristic spectrum methodology validation.It is specific as follows:
A. precision test
S1 sample 2g is weighed, test solution is prepared according to step (2) and step (3) sample-pretreating method, according to step
Suddenly (4) chromatographic mass spectrometry condition continuous sample introduction 6 times acquire map.It is carried out using Chinese medicine chromatographic characteristics map similarity evaluation software
Processing, similarity are all larger than 0.99, show that instrument precision is good.
B. repetitive test
S1 sample 2g is weighed, totally 6 parts, it is molten to prepare test sample according to step (2) and step (3) sample-pretreating method respectively
Liquid acquires map according to step (4) chromatographic mass spectrometry condition sample introduction.Using Chinese medicine chromatographic characteristics map similarity evaluation software into
Row processing, similarity are all larger than 0.99, show that preparation method repeatability is good.
The foundation of step (7) characteristic spectrum and the calibration of characteristic peak are specific as follows:
A. the calibration of characteristic peak chooses 9 larger (Zhan Zongfeng of peak area according to chemical component qualification result in step (5)
90% or more area) shared chromatographic peak as characteristic spectrum characteristic peak, characteristic peak is successively arranged as palm by peak sequence
Sour C16:1, linoleic acid C18:3, oleic acid C18:2, stearic acid C18:1, arachidonic acid C20:1, campesterol C28:5,20
Two alkanoic acid C22:1, squalene C30:6, cupreol C29:5, Gamma-Tocopherol C28:5.
B. the reference substance of the selection characteristic spectrum of object of reference (S), which is usually chosen, is easy to get, and property is stablized, and content is higher
Index components, be mainly used for the determination of characteristic spectrum technical parameter.Oleic acid response highest, peak in spine date seed oil chromatogram
Area is maximum, accounts for the 24% of total peak area, is monounsaturated fatty acids.Palmitinic acid response in spine date seed oil chromatogram arranges
Two, peak area accounts for the 15% of total peak area, is saturated fatty acid, property is stablized, and separates preferably no friendship with adjacent fatty acid peak
Fork, meets characteristic spectrum stability and repeatability is investigated and required, and comprehensive analysis, the present invention selects palmitinic acid as spine date seed oil spy
Levy the object of reference of map.
C. the 13 batches of spine date seed oil gas chromatography-mass spectrum spectral datas obtained in step (5) are led in the foundation of characteristic spectrum
Out it is TXT file, is directed respectively into " Chinese medicine chromatographic characteristics map similarity evaluation system " 2.0 editions software processing to get 13 batches of acid
Jujube kernel oil characteristic spectrum and its compare feature map.As shown in Fig. 2, S1 is compare feature map, through Supplements and full spectral peak
Matching generates.Statistical result of 9 characteristic peaks relative to the relative retention time referring to peak (R), is shown in Table 2 in 13 batches of semen ziziphi spinosaes.
The statistical result of 9 characteristic peak relative retention times in 2 13 batches of semen ziziphi spinosaes of table
Embodiment 2
Homogeneity evaluation and the measurement of relative amount for spine date seed oil.
Characteristic spectrum can characterize the correlation of substance complicated ingredient with its quality, and wherein similarity evaluation plays important work
With spine date seed oil method for evaluating similarity of the present invention is that " Chinese medicine chromatographic characteristics figure is recommended by Chinese Pharmacopoeia Commission
Compose similarity evaluation system " 2.0 editions softwares, using compare feature map as standard, to the similar of the 13 batches of spine date seed oil characteristic spectrums
Degree is calculated, and calculated result is shown in Table 3.By table as it can be seen that the similarity of 13 batches of spine date seed oil samples is between 0.996-1, tool
There is very high similarity, illustrates that the homogeneity of the spine date seed oil of different batches is preferable.9 spies are calculated with areas of peak normalization method
The relative amount of ingredient is levied, discovery higher three ingredients of content are followed successively by oleic acid, linoleic acid and palmitinic acid, it is total to account for spine date seed oil
70% or more of content is shown in figure (4).
Embodiment 3
Distinguish spine date seed oil and reason jujube kernel oil
The collection of sample, specific as follows: experiment reason jujube kernel buying used is in Hebei Anguo medicinal material market, identified reason jujube kernel
For the dry mature seed of Rhamnaceae plant Yunnan wild jujube Ziziphus mauritiana Lam..7 reason jujube kernel samples are had collected altogether,
It is stored in University Of Shanxi's modern study of TCM center.
7 batches of reason jujube kernel oil characteristic spectrums (Fig. 2) are constructed according to step (2~6) in embodiment 1.With 13 batches of spine date seed oils and 7
Criticizing reason jujube kernel oil is research object, and chromatographic peak area each in each sample characteristic map is formed raw data matrix, is used
SIMCA-P 13.0 carries out principal component analysis, as a result sees Fig. 5.The first two principal component PC1 (52%) and PC2 (25%) cumulative variance
Contribution rate is 77%.As shown in Figure 5, all semen ziziphi spinosae sample collections together, the reasonable jujube kernel sample collection of institute together, explanation
Spine date seed oil and reason jujube kernel oil can be accurately distinguished by principal component analysis.
Embodiment 4
It can be used for comparing different type fatty acid relative amount in spine date seed oil and reason jujube kernel oil
The spine date seed oil and reason jujube kernel oil characteristic spectrum constructed based on embodiment 1 and embodiment 3, is normalized with peak area
Method calculates the relative amount of 9 characteristic components in each sample.Wherein palmitinic acid, stearic acid, behenic acid are saturated fatty acid,
Oleic acid, arachidonic acid are monounsaturated fatty acids, and linoleic acid, squalene, sitosterol, tocopherol are polyunsaturated fatty acid,
It is higher that the content of saturated fatty acid and monounsaturated fatty acids in jujube kernel is managed as shown in Figure 6, most of polyunsaturated fatty acid
Content is higher in semen ziziphi spinosae, and content of the sitosterol in semen ziziphi spinosae is higher.
Characteristic component in 3 spine date seed oil characteristic spectrum of table
4 13 batches of spine date seed oil sample similarity calculation results of table