CN110133040B

CN110133040B - Building outer wall thermal insulation performance detection device

Info

Publication number: CN110133040B
Application number: CN201910343476.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张一佳
Original assignee: Jiaxing Construction Engineering Quality Detection Co ltd
Current assignee: Jiaxing Construction Engineering Quality Detection Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-04-26
Filing date: 2019-04-26
Publication date: 2021-06-18
Anticipated expiration: 2039-04-26
Also published as: CN110133040A

Abstract

The invention discloses a building outer wall thermal insulation performance detection device, which belongs to the field of building material testing, and adopts the technical scheme that the device comprises an outer box, wherein a hot box and a cold box are arranged in the outer box, mounting holes for communicating the hot box and the cold box are formed in the cold box and the hot box, a test piece frame for mounting a test piece wall is arranged in the mounting holes, the test piece frame comprises an expansion cross beam fixedly connected to the horizontal side wall of the mounting holes and an expansion upright post fixedly connected to the vertical side wall of the mounting holes, and the expansion cross beam and the expansion upright post expand or contract along the width direction of the expansion cross beam and the expansion upright post. The invention has the effect of convenient installation of the sample wall.

Description

Building outer wall thermal insulation performance detection device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of building material testing, in particular to a device for detecting the heat insulation performance of an external wall of a building.

Background

With the rapid development of the domestic construction industry, people have increasingly high selection and demand for houses. In order to adapt to different temperature environments in four seasons, people pay more and more attention to the heat insulation performance of the outer wall of a house, and the detection of the heat insulation performance of the outer wall is also an important subject of quality detection of building material engineering.

At present, the Chinese patent with the publication number of CN206906293U discloses a device for detecting the heat preservation performance of an external window of a building, which comprises an environment box, a hot chamber, a cold chamber, a test piece frame, a detection system and an electric cabinet, wherein the hot chamber and the cold chamber are only provided with five wall surfaces, the hot chamber and the cold chamber are arranged in the environment box in a matching way, the opening surface of the hot chamber is connected with the opening surface of the cold chamber, the test piece frame is arranged between the hot chamber and the cold chamber, the test piece is arranged in the test piece frame, and a filler is arranged between the test piece frame and the test piece frame, and a plurality of temperature sensing; the novel heat-insulating material of polyurethane sandwich color steel plates is adopted, and is in latch hook type connection, so that the heat-insulating property is good, and the disassembly and the assembly are convenient.

The above prior art solutions have the following drawbacks: in order to ensure the heat insulation between the hot chamber and the cold chamber, a heat insulation material needs to be filled in a gap between the sample frame and the sample piece, which causes inconvenience in operation.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a device for detecting the thermal insulation performance of an external wall of a building, which realizes the purpose of conveniently installing a sample wall by stretching and retracting the inner wall of a sample frame.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a building outer wall thermal insulation performance detection device, includes the outer container, be provided with hot case and cold box in the outer container, the mounting hole with both intercommunications is seted up to cold box and hot case, be provided with the test piece frame that is used for installing the sample wall in the mounting hole, the test piece frame includes fixed connection in the expansion cross beam of the horizontal lateral wall of mounting hole and fixed connection in the expansion stand of the vertical lateral wall of mounting hole, expansion cross beam and expansion stand are along its width direction's inflation or shrink.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, make expansion beam and expansion column shrink earlier before the installation to increased the space that can place the sample wall, made the test board put into the mounting hole more easily, then made expansion beam and expansion column along its width direction's inflation again, thereby expansion beam and expansion column contradict in the lateral wall of sample wall, thereby with sample wall fixed connection in the mounting hole, and then reached the purpose of easy to assemble sample wall.

The invention is further configured to: the expansion cross beam and the expansion upright post respectively comprise a fixed plate fixedly connected to the side wall of the mounting hole and a sliding plate slidably connected to the fixed plate, the sliding direction of the sliding plate is perpendicular to the length direction of the fixed plate connected with the sliding plate and parallel to the plane where the test piece frame is located, and the fixed plate is fixedly connected with a hydraulic cylinder driving the sliding plate to slide.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the expansion or the shrink of expansion crossbeam and expansion stand has been realized to the slip of the length direction of the fixed plate that the slide block perpendicular to rather than being connected, utilizes the flexible removal of drive slide block of pneumatic cylinder to the expansion or the shrink of convenient control expansion crossbeam and expansion stand makes the installation of sample wall more convenient.

The invention is further configured to: the fixed plate and the cross section of the width direction of the sliding plate are U-shaped, the fixed plate comprises a first horizontal plate and two first vertical plates, the first vertical plates are fixedly connected to the two ends of the width direction of the first horizontal plate respectively, the sliding plate comprises a second horizontal plate and two second vertical plates, the two vertical plates of the second are fixedly connected to the two ends of the width direction of the second horizontal plate respectively, the first horizontal plate is arranged between the two second vertical plates, the two vertical plates of the second are closely attached to the outer walls of the two first vertical plates respectively, and the first vertical plates and the second vertical plates slide relatively.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, make and form inclosed cavity between fixed plate and the board that slides to when the board that slides to the direction of keeping away from the fixed plate, thereby cavity volume increase between fixed plate and the board that slides leads to it to be low pressure or vacuum setting, thereby has reduced and has carried out the heat exchange through the test piece frame between hot case and the cold box, and then has reduced the error that detects.

The invention is further configured to: one end of the first vertical plate, which is far away from the first horizontal plate, is fixedly connected with a first sealing strip along the length direction of the first vertical plate, the other end of the first sealing strip in the width direction is fixedly connected with a second vertical plate, and the two ends of the first vertical plate in the length direction are fixedly connected with a second sealing strip.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, utilize first sealing tape to seal the clearance between first vertical board and the vertical board of second, increased the leakproofness of cavity between fixed plate and the board that slides.

The invention is further configured to: the first horizontal plate is fixedly connected with an installation cylinder perpendicular to the first horizontal plate, a cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected in the installation cylinder, and a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder penetrates through the first horizontal plate and is fixedly connected with the second horizontal plate.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the pneumatic cylinder shrink, first horizontal plate and second horizontal plate can laminate inseparabler, do not have the air in the cavity between messenger's fixed plate and the board that slides to when fixed plate and the board that slides keep away from each other, the cavity between fixed plate and the board that slides is close the vacuum more, and then increases the heat-proof quality of test piece frame.

The invention is further configured to: the test piece frame further comprises a fixed cross beam and a fixed stand column which are fixedly connected to the side wall of the mounting hole, the fixed cross beam and the fixed stand column are fixedly connected at one ends close to each other, and the fixed cross beam and the fixed stand column are arranged in a hollow vacuum mode.

By adopting the technical scheme, the whole test piece frame is provided with the vacuum heat insulation layer, and the heat insulation effect of the test piece frame is improved.

The invention is further configured to: the fixed plate one end and the fixed cross beam fixed connection of inflation stand, its other end and the fixed plate fixed connection of inflation crossbeam, the one end and the fixed post fixed connection that the inflation stand was kept away from to the inflation crossbeam, the both ends of slide plate length direction are equipped with the inclined plane, the inclined plane is 45 contained angles with slide plate length direction, parallel arrangement is personally submitted to the inclined plane of inflation stand and the slope of inflation crossbeam.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when conflicting in sample wall lateral wall after the slide plate removes, the inclined plane of inflation stand and the inclined plane laminating of expansion beam increase the leakproofness between hot box and the cold box, reduce the heat transfer between the two.

The invention is further configured to: the inclined surface is provided with a sealing gasket.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, reduce the clearance between the inclined plane of inflation stand and the inclined plane of inflation crossbeam, further increase the leakproofness between hot box and the cold box, reduce the heat transfer between the two.

The invention is further configured to: and a heat insulation gap is arranged between the hot box and the cold box, two test piece frames fixedly connected in the mounting hole are not in contact with each other, one test piece frame is fixedly connected to the hot box, and the other test piece frame is fixedly connected to the cold box.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, prevent that two test piece frames from contacting and avoid forming the heat bridge, reduce the heat exchange between hot case and the cold box.

The invention is further configured to: two of the insulating gaps are provided with aerogel plates.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, aerogel board's heat-proof quality is better, utilizes two test piece frames of aerogel board separation, reduces the heat transfer between two test piece frames.

In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

one of them, utilize the flexible of expansion beam and expansion column, change the inner wall size of test piece frame, make expansion beam and expansion column shrink earlier before the installation, thereby increased the space that can place the sample wall, make the test board put into the mounting hole more easily, then make expansion beam and expansion column follow its width direction's flexible again, thereby expansion beam and expansion column contradict in the lateral wall of sample wall, thereby with sample wall fixed connection in the mounting hole, and then reached the purpose of easy to assemble sample wall.

Secondly, the sliding plate slides relative to the fixed plate, so that expansion and contraction of the expansion cross beam and the expansion upright post are realized, and when the expansion cross beam and the expansion upright post expand, the volume of a cavity between the fixed plate and the sliding plate is increased, so that the cavity is arranged in a low-pressure or vacuum mode, heat exchange between the hot box and the cold box through the test piece frame is reduced, and detection errors are reduced;

and thirdly, a heat insulation gap is arranged between the hot box and the cold box, and the heat insulation gap is provided with an aerogel plate, so that two test piece frames are prevented from contacting to avoid forming a heat bridge, and the heat exchange between the hot box and the cold box is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the present embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the frame of the test piece of the present embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a test piece frame for showing a test piece according to the embodiment;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 2;

fig. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion B of fig. 3.

Reference numerals: 1. an outer box; 2. a hot box; 3. a cold box; 4. an electric heating tube; 5. a temperature sensor; 6. a refrigeration device; 7. an evaporator; 8. mounting holes; 10. a test piece frame; 11. a thermally insulating gap; 12. an aerogel plate; 13. fixing the cross beam; 14. fixing the upright post; 15. an expansion beam; 16. an expansion column; 17. a fixing plate; 18. a slide plate; 19. a hydraulic cylinder; 20. a first horizontal plate; 21. a first vertical plate; 22. a second horizontal plate; 23. a second vertical plate; 24. a first sealing tape; 25. a second sealing tape; 26. mounting the cylinder; 27. an inclined surface; 28. and a gasket.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example (b): a building outer wall thermal insulation performance detection device is shown in figure 1 and comprises an outer box 1, a hot box 2 and a cold box 3, wherein the hot box 2 and the cold box are located in the outer box 1. The inner part of the outer box 1 is a closed space, and the inner part of the hot box 2 is provided with an electric heating pipe 4 and a temperature sensor 5, thereby being capable of detecting and controlling the temperature in the hot box 2. A refrigerating device 6 is arranged outside the outer box 1, an evaporator 7 of the refrigerating device 6 is arranged in the cold box 3, and a temperature sensor 5 is also arranged in the cold box 3, so that the temperature in the cold box 3 can be controlled.

As shown in fig. 1, the side walls of the cold box 3 and the hot box 2 adjacent to each other are provided with mounting holes 8 for communicating the two. A test piece frame 10 for installing a test piece wall is arranged in the installation hole 8. The test piece frame 10 has two, one of which is fixedly connected to the side wall of the cold box 3 and the other of which is fixedly connected to the side wall of the hot box 2. The sample wall is installed in the two sample frames 10, the temperature in the hot box 2 is increased, the temperature in the cold box 3 is reduced, the heat productivity of the electric heating pipe 4 in the hot box 2 is measured, and the heat dissipated from the side wall of the hot box 2 and the sample frames 10 is subtracted, so that the heat transferred through the sample wall is calculated. Before the test, the heat dissipated to the side wall of the heat box 2 and the test piece frame 10 can be calculated through a test by a standard wall with a known heat conduction coefficient. If a large amount of heat is dissipated through the side walls of the thermal box 2 and the test piece frame 10, a large amount of heat is dissipated from the thermal box 2 as a whole. When the base number of the measured heat is large, a slight deviation may cause a large error in the test result. Therefore, in order to improve the accuracy of the test, it is necessary to reduce the heat dissipated from the whole of the thermal box 2, i.e., the heat in the thermal box 2 is reduced from dissipating from the test piece frame 10 and the side wall of the thermal box 2.

As shown in fig. 2, leave thermal-insulated clearance 11 between the lateral wall that cold box 3 and hot box 2 are close to each other, be provided with aerogel board 12 in the thermal-insulated clearance 11, make contactless between two test piece frames 10, aerogel board 12 has extremely strong heat-proof quality, utilize two test piece frames 10 of aerogel board 12 separation, avoid both contacts and form the heat bridge, reduce heat exchange between hot box 2 and the cold box 3, reduce the heat that runs off in the test piece frame 10, the accuracy nature of the improvement test has been improved.

As shown in fig. 3, the test piece frame 10 includes a fixing beam 13, a fixing post 14, an expansion beam 15, and an expansion post 16. The fixed cross beam 13 is fixedly connected to the horizontal side wall below the mounting hole 8. The fixed upright posts 14 are fixedly connected to the vertical side walls of the mounting holes 8. The fixed cross beam 13 and the fixed upright post 14 are fixedly connected at the ends close to each other. The fixed cross beam 13 and the fixed upright post 14 are arranged in a hollow vacuum mode, and the heat insulation performance of the test piece frame 10 is improved by utilizing a vacuum layer. The expansion upright post 16 is fixedly connected to the vertical side wall of the mounting hole 8, and the expansion beam 15 is fixedly connected to the horizontal side wall above the mounting hole 8. The expansion beam 15 and the expansion column 16 can expand or contract in the width direction thereof. When installing the sample wall, make expansion beam 15 and expansion column 16 shrink earlier to increased the space that can place the sample wall, made the sample wall put into mounting hole 8 more easily in, then made expansion beam 15 and expansion column 16 along its width direction's inflation again, thereby expansion beam 15 and expansion column 16 contradict in the lateral wall of sample wall, and then with sample wall fixed connection in mounting hole 8, and then make the installation of sample wall more convenient.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the expansion beam 15 and the expansion column 16 are identical in structure, and both include a fixed plate 17, a sliding plate 18 and a hydraulic cylinder 19. The fixing plate 17 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the mounting hole 8. The fixing plate 17 of the expansion beam 15 has one end fixedly connected to the upper end of the fixing post 14 and the other end fixedly connected to one end of the fixing plate 17 of the expansion post 16. The lower end of the fixing plate 17 of the expansion column 16 is fixedly connected to one end of the fixing cross beam 13. The sliding plate 18 is slidably connected to the fixing plate 17, the sliding direction of the sliding plate 18 is perpendicular to the length direction of the fixing plate 17 connected with the sliding plate, and the sliding direction of the sliding plate 18 is parallel to the plane of the test piece frame 10. The sliding of the sliding plate 18 enables the expansion or contraction of the expansion beam 15 and the expansion column 16. One end of the hydraulic cylinder 19 is fixedly connected with the fixed plate 17, the other end of the hydraulic cylinder 19 is fixedly connected with the sliding plate 18, and the sliding plate 18 is driven to move by the expansion of the hydraulic cylinder 19, so that the expansion or contraction of the expansion cross beam 15 and the expansion upright post 16 can be conveniently controlled, and the installation of the sample wall is more convenient.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the fixed plate 17 and the slidable plate 18 have a U-shaped cross section in the width direction. The fixed plate 17 includes a first horizontal plate 20 and two first vertical plates 21, and the first vertical plates 21 are fixedly connected to both ends of the first horizontal plate 20 in the width direction, respectively. The first horizontal plate 20 is fixedly attached to the side wall of the mounting hole 8 by glue. The sliding plate 18 includes a second horizontal plate 22 and two second vertical plates 23, and the two second vertical plates 23 are respectively fixedly connected to two ends of the second horizontal plate 22 in the width direction. The first horizontal plate 20 is placed between the two second vertical plates 23, the two second vertical plates 23 are respectively closely attached to the outer walls of the two first vertical plates 21, and the first vertical plates 21 and the second vertical plates 23 relatively slide. One end of the first vertical plate 21 away from the first horizontal plate 20 is fixedly connected with a first sealing strip 24 along the length direction thereof, and the other end of the first sealing strip 24 in the width direction is fixedly connected with a second vertical plate 23. The fixed plate 17 is fixedly connected at both ends in the length direction with a second sealing tape 25, and the other end of the second sealing tape 25 is fixedly connected to both ends of the sliding plate 18. The cavity between the fixed plate 17 and the sliding plate 18 is sealed by the first sealing strip 24 and the second sealing strip 25, so that when the sliding plate 18 slides in a direction away from the fixed plate 17 under the driving of the hydraulic cylinder 19, the volume of the cavity between the fixed plate 17 and the sliding plate 18 is increased, and the cavity is arranged in a low pressure or vacuum mode, so that the heat exchange between the hot box 2 and the cold box 3 through the test piece frame 10 is reduced, and the detection error is reduced.

As shown in fig. 2, the first horizontal plate 20 is fixedly connected with a mounting tube 26 perpendicular thereto, the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 19 is fixedly connected in the mounting tube 26, and the piston rod thereof passes through the first horizontal plate 20 and is fixedly connected to the second horizontal plate 22. Utilize the installation section of thick bamboo 26 to hold pneumatic cylinder 19, when pneumatic cylinder 19 contracts, first horizontal plate 20 and second horizontal plate 22 can be laminated tighter, make do not have the air in the cavity between fixed plate 17 and the board 18 that slides to when fixed plate 17 and the board 18 that slides keep away from each other, the cavity between fixed plate 17 and the board 18 that slides is closer to the vacuum, and then increases the heat-proof quality of test piece frame 10.

As shown in fig. 3 and 5, one end of the fixing plate 17 of the expansion column 16 is fixedly connected to the fixing beam 13, and the other end thereof is fixedly connected to the fixing plate 17 of the expansion beam 15. The end of the expansion beam 15 remote from the expansion column 16 is fixedly connected with the fixed column 14. Inclined surfaces 27 are arranged at two ends of the sliding plate 18 in the length direction, the inclined surfaces 27 form an included angle of 45 degrees with the length direction of the sliding plate 18, the inclined surfaces 27 of the expansion upright posts 16 and the inclined surfaces 27 of the expansion cross beams 15 are arranged in parallel, and sealing gaskets 28 are arranged on the inclined surfaces 27. When the sliding plate 18 pushes against the side wall of the sample wall after moving, the inclined surface 27 of the expansion upright post 16 is attached to the inclined surface 27 of the expansion cross beam 15, so that the sealing performance between the hot box 2 and the cold box 3 is improved, and the heat transfer between the hot box 2 and the cold box 3 is reduced.

The implementation principle of the embodiment is as follows: when the sample wall is installed, the hydraulic cylinder 19 is controlled to contract so that the sliding plate 18 is pulled to slide towards the direction close to the fixed plate 17, the expansion cross beam 15 and the expansion upright post 16 contract, the space for placing the sample wall is increased, and the sample wall is more easily placed into the installation hole 8. And then the hydraulic cylinder 19 is controlled to stretch, so that the sliding plate 18 is pushed to slide towards the direction far away from the fixed plate 17, the expansion cross beam 15 and the expansion upright post 16 are expanded, the expansion cross beam 15 and the expansion upright post 16 are abutted against the side wall of the sample wall, the sample wall is fixedly connected in the mounting hole 8, and the sample wall is more convenient to mount. When the expansion cross beam 15 and the expansion upright 16 expand, the cavity between the fixed plate 17 and the sliding plate 18 is closer to vacuum, thereby increasing the heat insulation of the test piece frame 10.

The present embodiment is only for explaining the present invention, and it is not limited to the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a building outer wall thermal insulation performance detection device, includes outer container (1), be provided with hot case (2) and cold box (3) in outer container (1), mounting hole (8) with both intercommunications are seted up with hot case (2) in cold box (3), be provided with in mounting hole (8) and be used for installing test piece frame (10) of sample wall, its characterized in that: the test piece frame (10) comprises an expansion cross beam (15) fixedly connected to the horizontal side wall of the mounting hole (8) and an expansion upright post (16) fixedly connected to the vertical side wall of the mounting hole (8), the expansion cross beam (15) and the expansion upright post (16) expand or contract along the width direction of the expansion cross beam and the expansion upright post (16), the expansion cross beam (15) and the expansion upright post (16) respectively comprise a fixing plate (17) fixedly connected to the side wall of the mounting hole (8) and a sliding plate (18) slidably connected to the fixing plate (17), the sliding direction of the sliding plate (18) is perpendicular to the length direction of the fixing plate (17) connected with the sliding plate and is parallel to the plane where the test piece frame (10) is located, and the fixing plate (17) is fixedly connected with a hydraulic cylinder (19) for driving; the cross sections of the fixed plate (17) and the sliding plate (18) in the width direction are U-shaped, the fixed plate (17) comprises a first horizontal plate (20) and two first vertical plates (21), the two first vertical plates (21) are respectively and fixedly connected to two ends of the first horizontal plate (20) in the width direction, the sliding plate (18) comprises a second horizontal plate (22) and two second vertical plates (23), the two second vertical plates (23) are respectively and fixedly connected to two ends of the second horizontal plate (22) in the width direction, the first horizontal plate (20) is arranged between the two second vertical plates (23), the two second vertical plates (23) are respectively and tightly attached to the outer walls of the two first vertical plates (21), the first vertical plates (21) and the second vertical plates (23) slide relatively, one end, far away from the first horizontal plate (20), of the first vertical plate (21) is fixedly connected with a first sealing strip (24) along the length direction of the first vertical plate, the other end of the first sealing belt (24) in the width direction is fixedly connected to the second vertical plate (23), and the two ends of the first vertical plate (21) in the length direction are fixedly connected with second sealing belts (25).

2. The device for detecting the heat insulation performance of the exterior wall of the building as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the first horizontal plate (20) is fixedly connected with an installation cylinder (26) vertical to the first horizontal plate, a cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder (19) is fixedly connected into the installation cylinder (26), and a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder penetrates through the first horizontal plate (20) and is fixedly connected to the second horizontal plate (22).

3. The device for detecting the heat insulation performance of the exterior wall of the building as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the test piece frame (10) further comprises a fixed cross beam (13) and a fixed upright post (14) which are fixedly connected to the side wall of the mounting hole (8), the fixed cross beam (13) and the fixed upright post (14) are fixedly connected to one end close to each other, and the fixed cross beam (13) and the fixed upright post (14) are arranged in a hollow vacuum mode.

4. The device for detecting the thermal insulation performance of the exterior wall of the building as claimed in claim 3, wherein: fixed plate (17) one end and fixed cross beam (13) fixed connection of inflation stand (16), fixed plate (17) fixed connection of its other end and inflation crossbeam (15), the one end and fixed stand (14) fixed connection of inflation stand (16) are kept away from in inflation crossbeam (15), slide plate (18) length direction's both ends are equipped with inclined plane (27), inclined plane (27) are 45 contained angles with slide plate (18) length direction, inclined plane (27) of inflation stand (16) and inclined plane (27) of inflation crossbeam (15) are parallel arrangement.

5. The device for detecting the thermal insulation performance of the exterior wall of the building as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the inclined surface (27) is provided with a sealing gasket (28).

6. The device for detecting the thermal insulation performance of the exterior wall of the building as claimed in claim 5, wherein: a heat insulation gap (11) is arranged between the hot box (2) and the cold box (3), two test piece frames (10) fixedly connected in the mounting hole (8) are not in contact with each other, one test piece frame (10) is fixedly connected to the hot box (2), and the other test piece frame (10) is fixedly connected to the cold box (3).

7. The device for detecting the thermal insulation performance of the exterior wall of the building as claimed in claim 6, wherein: aerogel plates (12) are arranged in the two heat insulation gaps (11).