CN110132874B - Multi-angle measurement-based detection device and method for optical parameter field of dispersion medium - Google Patents
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Abstract
A detection device and a detection method for a dispersion medium optical parameter field based on multi-angle measurement belong to the technical field of frequency domain near-infrared optical imaging, and aim to solve the problems that when an optical parameter field is reconstructed in the prior art, detection signals are obtained by only using primary frequency modulation laser incidence for reconstruction, the obtained results have serious ill-conditioned and crosstalk, the detection device comprises: the system comprises a laser controller, a laser head, a CCD camera and a data acquisition and processing system; the output end of the laser controller is connected with the laser control signal input end of the laser head and the signal input end of the data acquisition and processing system, and the signal input end of the data acquisition and processing system is connected with the signal output end of the CCD camera. The reconstruction result obtained by processing the reconstruction algorithm has higher robustness, can better improve the ill-conditioned problem and the crosstalk problem in the frequency domain reconstruction problem, and more efficiently and accurately solves the optical parameter reconstruction problem of the dispersion medium.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of frequency domain near-infrared optical imaging, and particularly relates to a dispersion medium optical parameter field detection device and method based on multi-angle measurement.
Background
The dispersion medium is a participatory medium containing particles, and the detection of the internal structure of the dispersion medium plays an important role in research in many fields, such as biomedical imaging, nondestructive detection, infrared remote sensing, flame temperature measurement and the like. In most cases, the distribution of the optical parameter field in the dispersion medium cannot be directly obtained through measurement, but when laser is incident to the dispersion medium, the emergent radiation intensity of a boundary detection signal of a medium boundary can be directly measured, and the optical parameter field in the medium can be obtained through reconstruction by analyzing optical information in the boundary measurement signal in combination with a reconstruction optimization algorithm, so that the diagnosis and detection research of the internal structure of the medium are assisted.
When near-infrared laser is used for acting on a dispersion medium, according to different selected laser light sources, a steady-state model can be divided into a frequency domain model and a time domain model, wherein the steady-state model utilizes continuous laser incidence, the frequency domain model utilizes frequency modulation laser incidence, and the time domain model utilizes pulse laser incidence. In the three radiation transmission models, the frequency domain model is simpler to solve, the calculation efficiency is higher, and the signal detection technology is simpler; the method can avoid the technical limitation of a time domain model, can provide more detection information than a steady-state model, and becomes a calculation model with the greatest development prospect in the research of radiation reflection problems.
However, the frequency domain model provides less measurement data, the measurement signal contains insufficient optical information in the medium, and the reconstruction accuracy of the optical parameter field obtained by applying the reconstruction algorithm is low. The existing optical parameter field reconstruction is mostly carried out by using a detection signal obtained by one-time frequency modulation laser incidence, the obtained result ill-condition problem and the crosstalk problem are serious, and the real parameter distribution in a dispersion medium cannot be well reflected. The technology for measuring the optical parameter field of the dispersion medium based on multi-angle measurement is urgently needed to be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is: the method aims to solve the problems that detection signals are obtained by only using primary frequency modulation laser incidence for reconstruction when an optical parameter field is reconstructed in the prior art, and the obtained results are serious in morbidity and crosstalk.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: diffusion medium optical parameter field detection device based on multi-angle measurement includes: the device comprises a laser controller 1, a laser head 2, a CCD camera 4 and a data acquisition and processing system 5;
the output end of the laser controller 1 is connected with the laser control signal input end of the laser head 2 and the signal input end of the data acquisition and processing system 5, and the signal input end of the data acquisition and processing system 5 is connected with the signal output end of the CCD camera 4.
Further, the method for detecting the optical parameter field of the dispersion medium based on multi-angle measurement comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: starting a laser controller 1 to enable frequency-modulated laser emitted by a laser head 2 to be emitted into a dispersion medium 3, then rotating the dispersion medium 3 clockwise by z degrees by taking a geometric center as a rotation center, rotating for n times, and utilizing the frequency-modulated laser to emit into the dispersion medium 3 in each rotation, wherein 90> z >0, and n > 0;
every time the laser head 2 emits frequency-modulated laser, the CCD camera 4 collects emergent radiation intensity signals of the boundary of the primary dispersion medium, and then all the obtained emergent radiation intensity signals are sent to the data acquisition and processing system 5;
the data acquisition and processing system 5 respectively processes the emergent radiation intensity signals obtained by the data acquisition and processing system to obtain spectral radiation intensity values emitted by each boundary of the dispersion medium 3
As a measurement signal when the frequency-modulated laser is incident, m represents the frequency domain serial number of the selected incident laser, s represents the serial number of the boundary irradiated by the light source, and d represents the position sequence of the detection pointNumber;
step two: assuming the initial value of the multi-volume optical parameter field of the dispersive medium as mu0Is measured by0Substituting the radiation transmission equation into frequency domain, and calculating to obtain the transflection radiation intensity signal of the medium boundary under different frequencies
And the measurement signal in the step one
Form an objective function F (mu)0)；
Step three: judging the objective function F (mu)0) Whether a Maratos phenomenon occurs or not, if the Maratos phenomenon occurs, executing a step four; if not, executing step five;
step four: updating the distribution value of the optical parameter field of the dispersion medium by using a second-order correction technology: mu.sk＝μk-1+ Δ μ, k ═ 1,2, …; Δ μ represents the change amount of the optical parameter field updated by the second-order correction technique, and step six is performed;
step five: updating the distribution value of the optical parameter field of the dispersion medium by using a sequential quadratic programming algorithm: mu.sk＝μk-1+ Δ μ', k ═ 1,2, …; Δ μ' represents the change amount of the optical parameter field updated by the sequential quadratic programming algorithm, and step six is performed;
step six: according to the optical parameter distribution mu obtained by the k step iterationkCalculating by using a frequency domain radiation transmission equation to obtain the emergent radiation intensity of the medium boundary
Calculating the objective function F (mu)k) If the objective function value is smaller than the threshold value, executing the step eight; otherwise, executing step seven;
step seven: and (3) updating a parameter matrix in the sequence quadratic programming subproblem by enabling the iteration number k to be k + 1: BETA (BETA)k+1＝Βk+ Δ B, step three is performed, wherein beta is an approximation of the sea plug matrix in the lagrange equationkFor the k-th iterationValue of betak+1The parameter value of the (k + 1) th iteration;
step eight: and taking the optical parameter field obtained by the current iteration as a reconstruction result, and ending the inversion process.
Further, when the laser emitted by the laser head 2 in the first step is incident on the dispersion medium 3, the emitted laser is incident on the dispersion medium 3 along a straight line passing through the geometric center of the dispersion medium.
Further, when the dispersion medium 3 is rotated, the laser light emitted from the laser head 2 is still incident in the direction in which the dispersion medium 3 is not rotated, i.e., the absolute incident direction of the laser head 2 is maintained.
Further, the multi-volume field μ of the dispersion medium in the second step comprises an absorption coefficient μaAnd scattering coefficient musThe optical parameter field, and the two portions of the parameter field are reconstructed simultaneously.
Further, the expression of the frequency domain radiation transmission equation in the second step is as follows:
wherein i represents an imaginary unit, ω is a modulation frequency, c is a light velocity in a dispersion medium, and Ω is a radiation transmission direction; v represents a gradient; mu.sa、μsAbsorption coefficient and scattering coefficient respectively; r is the spatial position, I is the radiation intensity, Ω' represents the solid angle; Φ (Ω ', Ω) is a scattering phase function of the dispersion medium 3, and d Ω ' represents the differential of Ω '.
Furthermore, after the laser is incident into the medium, the radiation intensity can be divided into parallel light IcAnd diffuse light Id：I＝Ic+IdThe transmission of parallel light obeys bell's law:
the frequency domain radiative transfer equation is:
in the formula, Sc(r, Ω, ω) are radiation source terms due to parallel light, ΩcThe radiation transmission direction of the parallel light.
Further, the objective function F (mu) in the second step0) The expression of (a) is:
the method comprises the following steps that psi (mu) is a regularization term and is constructed by a Gihonov regularization model:
where N represents a set of neighbor parameters, xsAnd xrRepresenting two adjacent parameters, bs-rIs a regularization parameter.
Further, the change Δ μ of the optical parameter distribution in the fourth step is:
wherein, akThe step length of the kth iteration can be obtained by one-dimensional search; dkSolving the solution obtained by solving the sequence quadratic programming subproblem for the kth time;
when a second-order correction technology is applied, a solution obtained by solving the corrected second-order programming subproblem is solved.
Further, the step five represents that the change amount of the optical parameter field at this time is:
Δμ'＝akdk。
by adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention uses the frequency modulation laser of the multi-angle incidence dispersion medium to carry out multi-angle measurement on the emergent radiation intensity of the boundary of the dispersion medium, obtains emergent photons carrying richer optical information of the internal structure of the dispersion medium by increasing the optical thickness of the laser passing through the internal part of the dispersion medium, obtains more boundary detection signal data by multiple measurements, obtains a reconstruction result by processing a reconstruction algorithm with higher robustness, can better improve the ill-conditioned problem and the crosstalk problem in the frequency domain reconstruction problem, and more efficiently and accurately solves the optical parameter reconstruction problem of the dispersion medium.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a reconstruction flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: the following describes this embodiment in detail with reference to the attached drawing 1 of the specification, and in this embodiment, the apparatus for detecting optical parameter field of dispersive medium based on multi-angle measurement includes: the device comprises a laser controller 1, a laser head 2, a CCD camera 4 and a data acquisition and processing system 5;
the output end of the laser controller 1 is connected with the laser control signal input end of the laser head 2 and the signal input end of the data acquisition and processing system 5, and the signal input end of the data acquisition and processing system 5 is connected with the signal output end of the CCD camera 4.
The laser heads 2 are distributed on the upper side of the dispersion medium 3, and the CCD camera 4 and the laser heads 2 are located on the same plane.
This connection allows the data acquisition and processing system 5 to know when the laser is incident on the medium and to synchronize the measured output signals.
The device applies the frequency modulation laser of the multi-angle incident dispersion medium, the outgoing radiation intensity of the boundary of the dispersion medium is measured in multiple angles, the outgoing photons obtained carry more abundant optical information of the internal structure of the dispersion medium by increasing the optical thickness of the laser passing through the inside of the dispersion medium, more boundary detection signal data are obtained by multiple times of measurement, the reconstruction result obtained by applying reconstruction algorithm processing has higher robustness, the ill-conditioned problem and the crosstalk problem in the frequency domain reconstruction problem can be better improved, and the problem of reconstructing the optical parameters of the dispersion medium is more efficiently and accurately solved.
The second embodiment is as follows: the following describes this embodiment in detail with reference to fig. 2 of the specification, and in this embodiment, the method for detecting a dispersive medium optical parameter field based on multi-angle measurement includes the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: starting a laser controller 1 to enable frequency-modulated laser emitted by a laser head 2 to be emitted into a dispersion medium 3, then rotating the dispersion medium 3 clockwise by z degrees by taking a geometric center as a rotation center, rotating for n times, and utilizing the frequency-modulated laser to emit into the dispersion medium 3 in each rotation, wherein 90> z >0, and n > 0;
as long as the laser beam rotates clockwise by z degrees, even if the laser beam rotates this time, the optical thickness of a laser incident medium is changed, richer detection signals can be obtained, and the reconstruction result is more accurate.
Every time the laser head 2 emits frequency-modulated laser, the CCD camera 4 collects emergent radiation intensity signals of the boundary of the primary dispersion medium, and then all the obtained emergent radiation intensity signals are sent to the data acquisition and processing system 5;
the data acquisition and processing system 5 respectively processes the emergent radiation intensity signals obtained by the data acquisition and processing system to obtain spectral radiation intensity values emitted by each boundary of the dispersion medium 3
As a measurement signal when the frequency-modulated laser is incident, m represents a frequency domain serial number of the selected incident laser, s represents a boundary serial number irradiated by a light source, and d represents a position serial number of a detection point;
step two: assuming the initial value of the multi-volume optical parameter field of the dispersive medium as mu0Is measured by0Bringing inCalculating to obtain the transflection radiation intensity signals of the medium boundary under different frequencies by using a frequency domain radiation transmission equation
And the measurement signal in the step one
Form an objective function F (mu)0)；
Step three: judging the objective function F (mu)0) Whether a Maratos phenomenon occurs or not, if the Maratos phenomenon occurs, executing a step four; if not, executing step five;
step four: updating the distribution value of the optical parameter field of the dispersion medium by using a second-order correction technology: mu.sk＝μk-1+ Δ μ, k ═ 1,2, …; Δ μ represents the change amount of the optical parameter field updated by the second-order correction technique, and step six is performed;
solving the sequential quadratic programming subproblem, judging according to the solving result which type to update the parameter field distribution value, then updating the parameter field to obtain new target function, the connection with the second step is equivalent to that in mu0And on the basis, the parameter values are updated iteratively by using a sequential quadratic programming algorithm.
Step five: updating the distribution value of the optical parameter field of the dispersion medium by using a sequential quadratic programming algorithm: mu.sk＝μk-1+ Δ μ', k ═ 1,2, …; Δ μ' represents the change amount of the optical parameter field updated by the sequential quadratic programming algorithm, and step six is performed;
step six: according to the optical parameter distribution mu obtained by the k step iterationkCalculating by using a frequency domain radiation transmission equation to obtain the emergent radiation intensity of the medium boundary
Calculating the objective function F (mu)k) If the objective function value is smaller than the threshold value, executing the step eight; otherwise, executing step seven;
step seven: the iteration number k is equal to k +1, and the sequence quadratic programming sub-problem is updatedThe parameter matrix of (2): BETA (BETA)k+1＝Βk+ Δ B, step three is performed, wherein beta is an approximation of the sea plug matrix in the lagrange equationkValue of parameter BETA for kth iterationk+1The parameter value of the (k + 1) th iteration; BETA (BETA)k+1＝ΒkThe essential meaning of + Δ B is that when the number of iterations increases, a certain parameter BETA in the sequence quadratic programming subproblemkUpdating correspondingly; Δ B is obtained by the following formula:
wherein s iskThe parameter field variation obtained for the (k + 1) th iteration and the kth iteration is as follows: sk＝xk+1-xk，ykTheta is related to the Lagrange multiplier, and theta is related to the parameter matrix BETAkThe characteristic parameter concerned.
Step eight: and taking the optical parameter field obtained by the current iteration as a reconstruction result, and ending the inversion process.
The third concrete implementation mode: this embodiment is a further description of the second embodiment, and the difference between this embodiment and the second embodiment is that when the laser light emitted by the laser head 2 in the first step is incident on the dispersion medium 3, the emitted laser light is incident on the dispersion medium 3 along a straight line passing through the geometric center of the dispersion medium.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: this embodiment is a further description of the second embodiment, and is different from the second embodiment in that, when the dispersion medium 3 is rotated, the laser light emitted by the laser head 2 is incident in the direction in which the dispersion medium 3 is not rotated, that is, the absolute incident direction of the laser head 2 is kept constant.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: this embodiment mode is a further description of the second embodiment mode, and the difference between this embodiment mode and the second embodiment mode is the middle point of the second stepBulk field μ of bulk medium includes absorption coefficient μaAnd scattering coefficient musThe optical parameter field, and the two portions of the parameter field are reconstructed simultaneously.
The sixth specific implementation mode: the present embodiment is a further description of the second embodiment, and the difference between the present embodiment and the second embodiment is that the expression of the frequency domain radiation transmission equation in the second step is as follows:
wherein i represents an imaginary unit, ω is a modulation frequency, c is a light velocity in a dispersion medium, and Ω is a radiation transmission direction; v represents a gradient; mu.sa、μsAbsorption coefficient and scattering coefficient respectively; r is the spatial position, I is the radiation intensity, Ω' represents the solid angle; Φ (Ω ', Ω) is a scattering phase function of the dispersion medium 3, and d Ω ' represents the differential of Ω '.
The seventh embodiment: this embodiment mode is a further description of a sixth embodiment mode, and the difference between this embodiment mode and the sixth embodiment mode is that after the laser light enters the medium, the radiation intensity of the laser light can be divided into parallel light IcAnd diffuse light Id：I＝Ic+IdThe transmission of parallel light obeys bell's law:
the frequency domain radiative transfer equation is:
in the formula, Sc(r, Ω, ω) are radiation source terms due to parallel light, ΩcThe radiation transmission direction of the parallel light.
The specific implementation mode is eight: this embodiment mode is a further description of the second embodiment mode, and the difference between this embodiment mode and the second embodiment mode is the objective function F (μ) in the second step0) The expression of (a) is:
the method comprises the following steps that psi (mu) is a regularization term and is constructed by a Gihonov regularization model:
where N represents a set of neighbor parameters, xsAnd xrRepresenting two adjacent parameters, bs-rIs a regularization parameter.
The specific implementation method nine: this embodiment mode is further described with respect to the eighth embodiment mode, and is different from the eighth embodiment mode in that the change Δ μ of the optical parameter distribution in the fourth step is:
wherein, akThe step length of the kth iteration can be obtained by one-dimensional search; dkSolving the solution obtained by solving the sequence quadratic programming subproblem for the kth time;
when a second-order correction technology is applied, a solution obtained by solving the corrected second-order programming subproblem is solved.
The detailed implementation mode is ten: this embodiment mode is further described with respect to the second embodiment mode, and the difference between this embodiment mode and the second embodiment mode is that the change amount of the optical parameter field in the step five represents:
Δμ'＝akdk。
it should be noted that the detailed description is only for explaining and explaining the technical solution of the present invention, and the scope of protection of the claims is not limited thereby. It is intended that all such modifications and variations be included within the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims and the description.
Claims (9)
1. A method for detecting optical parameter field of dispersion medium based on multi-angle measurement is characterized in that the method is realized based on the following device,
the device comprises a laser controller (1), a laser head (2), a CCD camera (4) and a data acquisition and processing system (5);
the output end of the laser controller (1) is simultaneously connected with the laser control signal input end of the laser head (2) and the signal input end of the data acquisition and processing system (5), and the signal input end of the data acquisition and processing system (5) is connected with the signal output end of the CCD camera (4);
the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: starting a laser controller (1), enabling frequency-modulated laser emitted by a laser head (2) to be emitted into a dispersion medium (3), then rotating the dispersion medium (3) clockwise by z degrees and n times by taking a geometric center as a rotation center, and enabling the frequency-modulated laser to be emitted into the dispersion medium (3) every time, wherein 90> z >0 and n > 0;
every time the laser head (2) emits frequency-modulated laser, the CCD camera (4) collects emergent radiation intensity signals of the boundary of the primary dispersion medium, and then all the obtained emergent radiation intensity signals are sent to the data acquisition and processing system (5);
the data acquisition and processing system (5) respectively processes the emergent radiation intensity signals obtained by the data acquisition and processing system to obtain spectral radiation intensity values emitted by each boundary of the dispersion medium (3)
As a measurement signal when the frequency-modulated laser is incident, m represents the frequency domain number of the selected incident laser, s represents the boundary number of the light source irradiation, dA serial number representing the position of the detection point;
step two: assuming the initial value of the multi-volume optical parameter field of the dispersive medium as mu0Is measured by0Substituting the radiation transmission equation into frequency domain, and calculating to obtain the transflection radiation intensity signal of the medium boundary under different frequencies
And the measurement signal in the step one
Form an objective function F (mu)0)；
Step three: judging the objective function F (mu)0) Whether a Maratos phenomenon occurs or not, if the Maratos phenomenon occurs, executing a step four; if not, executing step five;
step four: updating the distribution value of the optical parameter field of the dispersion medium by using a second-order correction technology: mu.sk＝μk-1+ Δ μ, k ═ 1,2, …; Δ μ represents the change amount of the optical parameter field updated by the second-order correction technique, and step six is performed;
step five: updating the distribution value of the optical parameter field of the dispersion medium by using a sequential quadratic programming algorithm: mu.sk＝μk-1+ Δ μ', k ═ 1,2, …; Δ μ' represents the change amount of the optical parameter field updated by the sequential quadratic programming algorithm, and step six is performed;
step six: according to the optical parameter distribution mu obtained by the k step iterationkCalculating by using a frequency domain radiation transmission equation to obtain the emergent radiation intensity of the medium boundary
Calculating the objective function F (mu)k) If the objective function value is smaller than the threshold value, executing the step eight; otherwise, executing step seven;
step seven: and (3) updating a parameter matrix in the sequence quadratic programming subproblem by enabling the iteration number k to be k + 1: BETA (BETA)k+1＝Βk+ Δ B, step three is performed, wherein beta is a sea plug in lagrange's equationApproximation of matrix, betakValue of parameter BETA for kth iterationk+1The parameter value of the (k + 1) th iteration;
step eight: and taking the optical parameter field obtained by the current iteration as a reconstruction result, and ending the inversion process.
2. The method for detecting the optical parameter field of the dispersive medium based on multi-angle measurement according to claim 1, wherein: when the laser emitted by the laser head (2) in the first step is emitted into the dispersion medium (3), the emitted laser is emitted into the dispersion medium (3) along a straight line passing through the geometric center of the dispersion medium.
3. The method for detecting the optical parameter field of the dispersive medium based on multi-angle measurement according to claim 1, wherein: when the dispersion medium (3) is rotated, the laser light emitted by the laser head (2) is still incident in the direction in which the dispersion medium (3) is not rotated, i.e. the absolute incident direction of the laser head (2) remains unchanged.
4. The method for detecting the optical parameter field of the dispersive medium based on multi-angle measurement according to claim 1, wherein the multi-volume field μ of the dispersive medium in the second step comprises an absorption coefficient μaAnd scattering coefficient musThe optical parameter field, and the two portions of the parameter field are reconstructed simultaneously.
5. The method for detecting the optical parameter field of the dispersive medium based on multi-angle measurement according to claim 1, wherein the expression of the frequency domain radiation transmission equation in the second step is as follows:
wherein i represents an imaginary unit, ω is a modulation frequency, c is a light velocity in a dispersion medium, and Ω is a radiation transmission direction;
represents a gradient; mu.sa、μsAbsorption coefficient and scattering coefficient respectively; r is the spatial position, I is the radiation intensity, Ω' represents the solid angle; Φ (Ω ', Ω) is a scattering phase function of the dispersion medium (3), and d Ω ' represents the differential of Ω '.
6. The method for detecting the optical parameter field of the dispersive medium based on multi-angle measurement according to claim 5, wherein after the laser is incident on the medium, the radiation intensity of the laser can be divided into parallel light IcAnd diffuse light Id：I＝Ic+IdThe transmission of parallel light obeys bell's law:
the frequency domain radiative transfer equation is:
in the formula, Sc(r, Ω, ω) are radiation source terms due to parallel light, ΩcThe radiation transmission direction of the parallel light.
7. The method for detecting the optical parameter field of the dispersive medium based on multi-angle measurement according to claim 1, wherein the objective function F (μ) in the second step0) The expression of (a) is:
the method comprises the following steps that psi (mu) is a regularization term and is constructed by a Gihonov regularization model:
where N represents a set of neighbor parameters, xsAnd xrRepresenting two adjacent parameters, bs-rIs a regularization parameter.
8. The method for detecting the optical parameter field of the dispersive medium based on multi-angle measurement according to claim 1, wherein the change quantity Δ μ of the optical parameter distribution in the fourth step is:
wherein, akThe step length of the kth iteration can be obtained by one-dimensional search; dkSolving the solution obtained by solving the sequence quadratic programming subproblem for the kth time;
when a second-order correction technology is applied, a solution obtained by solving the corrected second-order programming subproblem is solved.
9. The method for detecting the optical parameter field of the dispersive medium based on multi-angle measurement according to claim 1, wherein: the step five represents that the change amount of the optical parameter field at this time is:
Δμ'＝akdk。
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