CN110132514A - A kind of transparent shear model box for shaketalle test - Google Patents
A kind of transparent shear model box for shaketalle test Download PDFInfo
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- CN110132514A CN110132514A CN201910387607.2A CN201910387607A CN110132514A CN 110132514 A CN110132514 A CN 110132514A CN 201910387607 A CN201910387607 A CN 201910387607A CN 110132514 A CN110132514 A CN 110132514A
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- reaction frame
- shearing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of transparent shear model boxes for shaketalle test, including permeable pedestal and layer structure cabinet, cabinet includes multiple open type shearing rings being successively superimposed on permeable pedestal and at least one reaction frame, undermost open type shearing ring is fixedly connected with permeable pedestal, and adjacent apertures formula shearing ring can generate dislocation each other when by shearing force to form the free survey stations boundary condition of earthquake shearing model test；The side opening to be formed is overlapped in multiple open type shearing rings, the two sides of reaction frame pass through snap-in structure respectively and fasten with aforesaid plurality of open type shearing ring, and the snap-in structure limits it while allowing aforesaid plurality of open type to shear interannular in generation dislocation on the direction for be parallel to reaction frame and generates dislocation on the direction perpendicular to reaction frame；The side for detection test sample is provided on reaction frame by the transparent window of alternating shear power effect situation.The case where present invention can be observed more accurately and judgement sample is by shearing force.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of civil engineering, more particularly, to a kind of transparent shearing for underground structure vibration bench test
Model casing.
Background technique
Present Global earthquake disaster enters the high-incidence season, Wenchuan earthquake in 2008,2011 eastern Earthquakes in Japan, Yaan in 2013
The special violent earthquakes such as shake, Nepal's earthquake in 2015, Indonesia earthquake in 2018 all cause huge casualties and economic loss
Also serious impact is brought to social stability." national synthetic disaster prevention plans (2016-the year two thousand twenty) " points out, current destructive
Still in the multiple period that takes place frequently, disaster relief basis of preventing and reducing natural disasters is still weak for earthquake, and world disaster relief cooperation task of preventing and reducing natural disasters is continuous
It aggravates.The situation is tense for the antidetonation that the whole world faces, and comprehensive antidetonation, whole people's antidetonation are very urgent.
In field of civil engineering, physical analogy (physical modelling) test is discovery rule, discloses mechanism
Important means, wherein most effective state-of-the-art physical analogy means are exactly shaketalle test in earthquake engineering field.Geotechnique is built
Structures are (high dam, high gradient slope, soft foundation, subway station, tunnel, underground pipe gallery, architecture ensemble, nuclear power station, defeated
Pylon etc.) it is reduced the size according to certain similitude rule, it places on a vibration table, shake table is according to the seismic wave pre-entered
Shape carries out applying vibration, and response (stress, strain, displacement etc.) of the geotechnological construction of structures in vibration processes can real-time monitoring and benefit
Go out the response of true geotechnological construction of structures with similitude rule inverse.Shaketalle test can be is for certain a kind of problem
System research show that important regular conclusion instructs practical Aseismic Design, can also be used as a kind of advanced geotechnological construction of diagnostic means inspection
Build the anti-seismic performance of object.
Currently, shaketalle test is broadly divided into Chang Chongli shaketalle test and two kinds of hypergravity shaketalle test.Chang Chongli
Shake table is usually large-scale ground shake table, is mainly used for the response of superstructure under failure under earthquake action.Overweight force vibration
Platform is minitype airborne shake table, using centrifuge generate hypergravity restore Rock And Soil generated by reduced scale stress loss (for example, from
Scheming generates the hypergravity of 100g, and the model having a size of 1m can simulate the prototype model having a size of 100m), it generates truer
Rock And Soil response, be mainly used for the earthquake research of lower part Rock And Soil.
Model casing is important one of the component part of shake table, and major function is that the exciting force for generating shake table passes to
Test Rock And Soil simultaneously provides boundary condition (lateral confinement constraint, waterpower boundary etc.).Model casing can be divided into rigid mould molding box and flexibility
Model casing.Rigid mould molding box is usually to be formed by welded steel plate, provides rigid lateral confinement restrained boundary condition for test Rock And Soil, leads to
Often transparent window can be set in long side and be used for response of the observation experiment Rock And Soil under force model load action；Flexible die molding box
(also known as shearing case, shear model box), which is usually formed by stacking by stratiform rectangular cutout ring, forms test Rock And Soil free survey stations boundary
Condition, and shearing ring inner surface is provided with the hydraulic boundary conditions that rubber membrane forms test Rock And Soil, due to boundary condition
Particularity shear model box can not long side be arranged transparent window for observation experiment Rock And Soil under dynamic load function
Response.Wherein, free survey stations boundary condition be the finger to finger test soil body boundary (intersection of the test soil body and model casing) can
With Free Transform, rub small unfettered.Hydraulic boundary conditions are that the finger to finger test soil body is water-tight in model casing side wall and bottom.
In geotechnological construction of structures earthquake research, if providing boundary constraint using rigid mould molding box, just it not can guarantee certainly
By site condition, i.e., the boundary effect generated by model casing rigid side wall is bigger to will affect test result, i.e. experimental condition not
It is enough true；If providing free survey stations boundary condition using shear model box, can guarantee test result to the full extent it is accurate
Property and precision, but deformation behaviour of the test ground body section under dynamic load can not be obtained, i.e. test result is not comprehensive enough
(for example, research topic bigger in the earthquake research of high dam be exactly dam body can be generated under geological process what kind of deformation, and
Shear model box can not provide such deformation observation condition).In practical earthquake research, true boundary condition is generally required
In conjunction with comprehensive test result could utmostly guarantee test result it is accurate, true, and comprehensive evaluation analysis tests ground
Response of the body under dynamic load function, the Aseismic Design for geotechnological construction of structures provide foundation.
The prior art there are no shake table model casing and can provide model sectional observation condition and guarantee actual experimental item simultaneously
Part.As damaging influence of the earthquake to human production life is increasingly heavier, in geotechnological construction of structures shock test research, also
Simultaneously the shock resistance that test result builds the cause calamity effect of understanding earthquake, geotechnological construction is presented in the real border condition of same court comprehensively
Energy etc. is of great significance.But the prior art also cannot achieve.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to propose a kind of both can provide model sectional observation condition, the vibration of actual experimental condition is ensured that
Platform model casing, to overcome the above shortcomings.
To achieve the goals above, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that:
A kind of transparent shear model box for shaketalle test, including permeable pedestal and setting exist on a vibration table for installation
Layer structure cabinet on permeable pedestal, the cabinet include multiple open type shearing rings being successively superimposed on permeable pedestal and
At least one reaction frame, undermost open type shearing ring are fixedly connected with permeable pedestal, adjacent apertures formula shearing ring by
Dislocation can be generated when shearing force each other to form the free survey stations boundary condition of earthquake shearing model test；In multiple openings
Formula shearing ring overlaps the side opening to be formed, and the two sides of the reaction frame pass through snap-in structure and aforesaid plurality of open type respectively
Shearing ring fastens, and the snap-in structure is allowing aforesaid plurality of open type shearing interannular to produce on the direction for be parallel to reaction frame
It is limited while raw dislocation, and dislocation is generated on the direction perpendicular to reaction frame；It is provided on the reaction frame for detection test
Transparent window of the side of sample by alternating shear power effect situation.
Above-mentioned technical proposal can also be further perfect by following technical measures:
As advanced optimizing, there is a reaction frame, and relative to the another of reaction frame on the cabinet on the cabinet
Side is provided at least one gag lever post, which shears interannular in the side for being parallel to reaction frame in the aforesaid plurality of open type of permission
It is limited while generating dislocation upwards, and dislocation is generated on the direction perpendicular to reaction frame.The bottom of the gag lever post with it is permeable
Pedestal is fixedly connected, and upper part, which has, limits the hook that multiple open type shearing rings generate separation in the vertical direction.
As advanced optimizing, the opening of the open type shearing ring has the adjutage extended to the outside of opening,
The reaction frame has clamping groove compatible with adjutage.
As advanced optimizing, multiple positioning rollings are all had between the two sides of the adjutage and the medial surface of clamping groove
Axis, so that adjacent adjutage is only capable of steadily misplacing along the direction for being parallel to adjutage.
As advanced optimizing, the clamping groove is C-shaped, and adjutage is embedded in clamping groove, and its two sides is with fixed
Position roller bearing is to be located in the middle part of clamping groove.
As advanced optimizing, there are multiple guiding roller bearings, so that adjacent apertures between the multiple open type shearing ring
Dislocation is steadily generated between formula shearing ring.
As advanced optimizing, the cabinet is a side opening, the closed rectangle in three sides, is had in the cabinet for placing
The cavity of test specimen.
As advanced optimizing, the transparent window is transparent window, so that human eye or photographing device are observed and analyze examination
Test the active state by shearing force of sample.
As advanced optimizing, the transparent window is Young's modulus >=5GPa, the organic glass system of light transmittance >=85%
At.
As advanced optimizing, the open type shearing ring is density≤7.85g/cm3, elasticity modulus >=40KN/mm2's
Aluminum alloy materials are made.
As advanced optimizing, the pedestal includes stiff baseplate, permeable stone, conduit and valve；The permeable stone is uniform
It is distributed in the inside grooves of stiff baseplate and permeable stone boundary is no more than cabinet wall；The valve is fixed on stiff baseplate
On the upper position positioned on the outside of cabinet, the inner volume of the conduit connection valve and cabinet is to be discharged liquid.
As advanced optimizing, the inside of the cabinet has and prevents gap of the liquid between multiple open type shearing rings
Locate the water-separating film of leakage.
As advanced optimizing, the water-separating film is rubber pattern, and it is arranged along open type shearing ring inner surface, water-separating film
Side is along fixed on reaction frame；The water-separating film lower edge is fixed on permeable pedestal；The upper edge of the water-separating film is fixed
On open type shearing ring.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
By transparent window being arranged on shear model box reaction frame to detect tank test sample section by alternating shear
Power active state provides the condition of measurement and observation experiment soil body cross section deformation, the item known to test specimen cross section deformation
Under part, is further analyzed using PIV technology and obtain test soil deformation rule.The setting of transparent window realizes shear model
Case it is transparent.
The introducing of transparent window destroys the characteristic of conventional open formula shearing ring seal overlapping, and open type shearing ring is from closing
Structure becomes hatch frame, and it reduce the rigidity of model casing entirety, it is excessive to further result in model casing sidewall distortion, Wu Fati
The supply test true experimental condition of the soil body.By the way that engaging knot is arranged between reaction frame and open type shearing ring side opening
Structure enables the enclosed construction of open type shearing ring to restore, and further model casing rigidity is restored.Snap-in structure, which ensure that, to be drawn
The actual experimental condition of shear model box after entering transparent window.
Open type shearing ring made of being introduced for increasing of the gag lever post stacks perpendicular to reaction frame direction and
Vertical constraint rigidity.Guarantee shear model box under vibration at high speed, each layer open type shearing ring is perpendicular to reaction frame side
To with excessive deformation does not occur straight up, to ensure that the one-way of the movement of the soil body in case.
The permeable pedestal is made of permeable stone, stiff baseplate, conduit and valve.The high osmosis of permeable stone cooperates valve
Opening and closing can guarantee maximum drainage performance and maximum water inlet performance in the test soil body.The high intensity of stiff baseplate, which ensure that, to be tested
The stabilization of model casing bottom in journey, i.e., under vibration at high speed, model casing bottom does not occur or occurs minimum (compared to soil deformation
It is negligible) deformation.
Each open type shearing ring is hollow structure, and total quality designs 1/3 or more loss of weight relative to solid non-variable cross-section,
And the form of hollow structure makes overall stiffness remain to be guaranteed.For example, solid pole (diameter d, elasticity modulus E,
Density is ρ), being computed its quality is 0.25 ρ π d2, bending stiffness is 0.016E π d4.When being made into hollow circular-tube, (inner ring is straight
Diameter is 0.6d), its quality is about 0.15 ρ π d at this time2, bending stiffness is about 0.014E π d4.For pole, according to hollow
The mode of structure, loss of weight reaches 1/3, and bending stiffness only reduces 1/10.Therefore, open type shearing ring uses hollow structure form
Can while guaranteeing model casing rigidity implementation model case Reduction of Students' Study Load.
Detailed description of the invention
It, below will be to use required in embodiment in order to illustrate more clearly of the technical solution of embodiment of the present invention
Attached drawing be briefly described, it should be understood that the following drawings illustrates only certain embodiments of the present invention, therefore is not to be seen as
It is the restriction to range, it for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, can be with root
Other relevant attached drawings are obtained according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is one schematic perspective view of embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the top view of embodiment one.
Fig. 3 is 3-3 sectional view in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is one open type shearing ring horizontal profile schematic diagram of embodiment.
Fig. 5 is one open type shearing ring 1-1 sectional view of embodiment.
Fig. 6 is one 2-2 cross-sectional view of embodiment.
Fig. 7 is one stiff baseplate arrangement schematic diagram of embodiment.
Fig. 8 is one gag lever post front view of embodiment.
Fig. 9 is that the limit of embodiment one bar side attempts.
In figure: 1, open type shearing ring, 2, reaction frame, 3, transparent window, 4, permeable pedestal, 5, gag lever post, 6, permeable stone,
7, roller bearing, 8, valve, 9, conduit, 10, open type shearing ring long side, 11, open type shearing ring short side, 12, extension are oriented to
Arm, 13, roller bearing slot, 14, lubricant grease, 15, hollow construction, 16, rivet, 17, press strip, 18, reaction frame long side, 19, engaging
Structure, 20, positioning rollers, 21, clamping groove, 22, stiff baseplate, 23, water-separating film
Specific embodiment
To keep the purposes, technical schemes and advantages of embodiment of the present invention clearer, implement below in conjunction with the present invention
The technical solution in embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described in attached drawing in mode, it is clear that described reality
The mode of applying is some embodiments of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, ability
Domain those of ordinary skill every other embodiment obtained without creative efforts, belongs to the present invention
The range of protection.Therefore, the detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit below and is wanted
The scope of the present invention of protection is sought, but is merely representative of selected embodiment of the invention.Based on the embodiment in the present invention,
Every other embodiment obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belongs to this
Invent the range of protection.
In the prior art, test soil body free survey stations boundary condition is supplied to using from bottom to top successively folding in order to meet
The stratiform rectangular cutout ring of conjunction realizes orientation shearing by roller bearing between the ring of each stratiform rectangular cutout, is generated due to roller bearing
Frictional force is smaller, it is believed that shear model box is supplied to test soil body free boundary condition, it should be noted that stratiform square
Shape shearing ring is enclosed construction.In order to be supplied to test soil body hydraulic boundary conditions, using fluid tight structure.Fluid tight structure by
Liquid-tight material and fixed structure composition, liquid-tight material are usually water-separating film, and fixed structure is usually press strip and rivet, are made
With being that liquid-tight material is fixed on model casing.In order to meet the rigidity requirement of model casing, the material of stratiform rectangular cutout ring
Metal material (such as aluminium alloy, steel alloy etc.) usually is selected, these metal materials are usually opaque material, and camera shooting is caused to set
Standby (such as camera) can not achieve the face observation to test soil body section.
Embodiment one:
Shear model box in the present embodiment is mainly used in centrifuge shaketalle test, conventional testing equipment arrangement
It can be with simplified summary are as follows: centrifuge carries shake table, carries model casing again on shake table.The main function of centrifuge are as follows: pass through
The stress loss that high speed rotation generation hypergravity recovery Rock And Soil is generated due to reduced scale is (for example, centrifuge generates the overweight of 100g
Power, the model having a size of 1m can simulate the prototype model having a size of 100m, that is, the site dimension simulated reaches 100m).Vibration
The main function of platform are as follows: shear model box is placed on shake table, and shake table, which passes through, itself to be vibrated to shear model box inputted vibration,
Failure under earthquake action.The main function of model casing are as follows: the carrier of the soil body is tested, for the pocket dress test soil body.
An important component of the shear model box as centrifuge shaketalle test, need during the test meet with
Lower basic demand: be 1. supplied to as far as possible test soil body free survey stations boundary condition, i.e., test the soil body boundary (test the soil body with
The intersection of model casing) it can be rubbed small unfettered with Free Transform.2. being supplied to test soil body hydraulic boundary conditions, that is, try
It is water-tight in model casing side wall and bottom to test the soil body.3. the side wall of model casing has enough rigidity, guarantee to generate under load action
Lateral deformation wants sufficiently small.
Direct and comprehensive observation to experimental phenomena is that the announcement earthquake of geotechnical earthquake engineering field causes calamity mechanism very heavy
The means and approach wanted, this has very big guiding value to the antidetonation toughness for promoting geotechnological construction of structures.Deformation is building work
Research hotspot in Cheng Wenti, field of civil engineering performance design will greatly be pushed by disclosing the soil deformation rule that earthquake generates
Development, and the observation that this greatly depends on observation to deformation, especially soil body surface and section (inside) to deform.Therefore to mould
Molding box is put forward new requirements: the 4. visualization of soil body cross section deformation can observe soil body cross section deformation.
Aforementioned four requirement proposes certain requirement to shear model box specific structure.The present embodiment preferable can must meet
Aforementioned four requirement is described in detail below in conjunction with attached drawing.
As shown in Figures 1 to 7, a kind of transparent shear model box for shaketalle test of the present embodiment, including installation
Permeable layer structure cabinet pedestal 4 and be arranged on permeable pedestal 4 on a vibration table, the cabinet include multiple successively overlapping
Open type shearing ring 1, gag lever post 5 and a reaction frame 2 on permeable pedestal 4, relative to the another of reaction frame on the cabinet
Side is provided at least one gag lever post 5, is three gag lever posts 5 disposed in parallel in the present embodiment, and the gag lever post 5 is aforementioned in permission
It is limited perpendicular to reaction frame 2 while generating dislocation on the direction for be parallel to reaction frame between multiple open type shearing rings 1
Direction on generate dislocation.Undermost open type shearing ring 1,5 bottom of gag lever post is equal is fixedly connected with permeable pedestal 4, thereon
The hook that there are the multiple open type shearing rings of limitation to generate separation in the vertical direction in portion, each 1 back side of layer open type shearing ring
It is connect with gag lever post 5, adjacent apertures formula shearing ring 1 can generate dislocation each other when by shearing force to form earthquake shearing
The free survey stations boundary condition of model test；In the side opening that multiple open type shearing rings 1 overlapping is formed, the reaction frame
2 two sides pass through snap-in structure 19 respectively and fasten with aforesaid plurality of open type shearing ring 1, and the snap-in structure 19 is before permission
It states and limits it perpendicular to counter-force while generating dislocation on the direction for being parallel to reaction frame 2 between multiple open type shearing rings 1
Dislocation is generated on the direction of frame 2；The side being provided on the reaction frame 2 for detection test sample is acted on shape by alternating shear power
The transparent window 3 of condition.
It should be added that gag lever post 5 is located at the outside of shearing ring 1, and it is between each open type shearing ring 1
It is contacted by roller bearing, is contacted between hook and the shearing ring of the top also by roller bearing, so that between shearing ring 1 and gag lever post 5
Steady contact and reduction friction.The connection type of the roller bearing way of contact and following positioning rollers 20 is similar.The present embodiment
In hook be the protrusion extended from the body of rod of gag lever post 5 to 1 direction of shearing ring, with the top of shearing ring 1 formed limit.
In other embodiments, reaction frame 2 is also possible to two, and two reaction frames are oppositely arranged, cabinet tool at this time
There are two opening, two reaction frames are fastened on opening respectively.Gag lever post 5 be also possible to one, two or more, as long as energy
Play the left and right of limit.
Specifically, the opening of open type shearing ring 1 has the adjutage 12 extended to the outside of opening, the counter-force
Frame 2 has clamping groove 21 compatible with adjutage 12.Between the two sides of the adjutage 12 and the medial surface of clamping groove 21
Multiple positioning rollers 20 are all had, so that adjacent adjutage 12 is only capable of steadily misplacing along the direction for being parallel to adjutage 12.It is described
Clamping groove 21 is C-shaped, is also possible to other shapes, and adjutage 12 is embedded in clamping groove 21, and its two sides has positioning rolling
Axis 20 is to be located at 21 middle part of clamping groove.Positioning rollers 20 have cylindrical rolling element and the pin positioned at rolling element two sides
Axis has the roller bearing slot of installation rolling element on adjutage 12 and is packed into the pin hole of pin shaft, and roller bearing is exposed in the part of rolling element
Outside slot, and it can be rolled in roller bearing slot.
Preferably, there are multiple guiding roller bearings 7 between the multiple open type shearing ring 1, be oriented to the structure of roller bearing 7 and determine
The structure of position roller bearing 20 is similar, but size is greater than positioning rollers 20；So as to steadily be generated between adjacent apertures formula shearing ring 1 wrong
Position.The cabinet is a side opening, the closed rectangle in three sides, has the cavity for placing test specimen in the cabinet.It is described
Transparent window 3 is transparent window, so that the active state by shearing force of test specimen is observed and analyzed to human eye or photographing device,
In the present embodiment, the transparent window 3 is Young's modulus >=5GPa, and the organic glass of light transmittance >=85% is made, specific material
Material those skilled in the art can select in current material.
In the present embodiment, the open type shearing ring 1 is density≤7.85g/cm3, elasticity modulus >=40KN/mm2Aluminium
Alloy material is made, and specific material those skilled in the art can select in current material.
In the present embodiment, the pedestal includes stiff baseplate 22, permeable stone 6, conduit 9 and valve 8；The permeable stone 6
It is evenly distributed on the inside grooves of stiff baseplate 22 and 6 boundary of permeable stone is no more than cabinet wall；The valve 8 is fixed on
It is located on the position on the outside of cabinet on stiff baseplate 22, the conduit 9 is connected to the inner volume of valve 8 and cabinet with discharge liquor
Body.
Prevent liquid from seeping at the gap between multiple open type shearing rings 1 specifically, the inside of the cabinet has
The water-separating film 23 of leakage.The water-separating film 23 is rubber pattern, and it is arranged along 1 inner surface of open type shearing ring, 23 side of water-separating film
Along fixed on reaction frame 2；23 lower edge of water-separating film is fixed on permeable pedestal 4；The upper edge of the water-separating film 23 is solid
It is scheduled on open type shearing ring 1.
As shown in Fig. 1,8 and 9, model casing in embodiment by multilayer open type shearing ring 1, reaction frame 2, transparent window 3,
Permeable pedestal 4 and gag lever post 5 form.5 bottom of gag lever post is fixedly connected with permeable pedestal 4, the back with each layer open type shearing ring 1
Side is connected by positioning rollers 20.Specifically, gag lever post 5 in be equipped with roller bearing slot 13 and positioning rollers 20, positioning rollers 20 with
Each layer open type shearing ring 1 is only capable of steady wrong along being parallel on reaction frame direction by each 1 back side of layer open type shearing ring connection
Position.
As shown in Figure 1, model casing in embodiment is by multilayer open type shearing ring 1, reaction frame 2, transparent window 3, permeable
Pedestal 4 and gag lever post 5 form.Multilayer open type shearing ring 1 is formed by stacking from bottom to top, bottom layer openings formula shearing ring 1 with it is permeable
Pedestal 4 is fixedly connected, and open type shearing ring is hollow construction 15, this, which is configured with, is conducive under the premise of guaranteeing model casing rigidity,
The quality for mitigating entire model casing weakens the excessive influence to model casing of 1 mass of open type shearing ring, it is preferred that material choosing
With the aluminium alloy of high-strength light；The influence is embodied in seismic acceleration and causes model carton deformed, when model casing quality is got over
Greatly, rigidity is smaller, and caused deformation is bigger.Therefore 15 structure of hollow construction of high-strength light is conducive to model casing satisfaction and wants substantially
It asks 3..
As shown in Figure 2,4,1 shape of open type shearing ring is similar to Chinese character " several ", is parallel to direction of vibration by one
Open type shearing ring long side 10, the two open type shearing ring short sides 11 and two adjutages 12 perpendicular to direction of vibration
Composition；As shown in Figure 4,5, top layer openings formula shearing ring 1 is removed, remaining each layer open type shearing ring 1 is long in open type shearing ring
Side 10 and the equidistant horizontal direction of open type shearing ring short side 11 are provided with several identical roller bearing slots 13, set in roller bearing slot 13
Corresponding guiding roller bearing 7 is set, is lubricated with lubricant grease 14, to reduce frictional resistance when open type shearing ring is freely sheared；
The rotating shaft direction of all roller bearings 7 is vertical with direction of vibration in roller bearing slot 13.Roller bearing slot 13, the structure type for being oriented to roller bearing 7 make
The motion mode for obtaining different openings formula shearing interannular is to roll, and rolling friction is small.Furthermore in order to further decrease friction, in roller bearing
Lubricant grease 14 is coated on slot 13 and guiding roller bearing 7 to be lubricated.Roller bearing slot 13, the structure type and lubrication for being oriented to roller bearing 7
The use of grease 14 is conducive to model casing and meets basic demand 1..
As shown in Fig. 2, snap-in structure 19, the engaging are arranged between 2 two sides of reaction frame and open type shearing ring adjutage 12
Structure 19 between allowing multilayer open type shearing ring 1 on the direction for being parallel to reaction frame 2 generate dislocation while limit its
It misplaces perpendicular to being generated on the direction of reaction frame 2；As shown in Fig. 2,3,6,1 two sides inner surface of reaction frame is vertically disposed clamping groove
21, several identical positioning rollers 20 are provided between clamping groove 21 and adjutage 12, so that adjacent adjutage 12 is only capable of along parallel
It steadily misplaces in the direction of adjutage；Clamping groove 21 and the structure type of positioning rollers 20 and above-mentioned roller bearing slot 13, guiding roller bearing 7
Structure type function having the same.Snap-in structure 19, clamping groove 21 and positioning rollers 20, which are used in combination, realizes open type
Freely shearing between shearing ring 1 and reaction frame 2 is conducive to model casing and meets basic demand 1..
As shown in Figure 1,2 long side of reaction frame is provided with transparent window 3, rectangle, edge is can be selected in 3 shape of transparent window
Rounded corner is to weaken stress concentration phenomenon.Transparent window 3 setting so as to test soil body cross section deformation observation be achieved,
Model casing is set to meet basic demand 4..
In view of transparent window 3 will be by biggish soil lateral pressure under high-g level working environment, therefore its material is preferably selected
High-strength transparence glass, transparent window 3 and 2 junction of reaction frame use sealant to be sealed to guarantee model casing leakproofness；
As shown in Figure 2,3, water-separating film 23 along 1 inner surface of open type shearing ring arrange, thereon, lower bottom part end use press strip 17 and rivet 16
It is respectively fixed on permeable pedestal 4 and top layer openings formula shearing ring 1, end is fixed to reaction frame using press strip 17 and rivet 16
On 2 long side inner surfaces, the use of water-separating film 23 ensure that the fluid tight of model box body；Transparent window 3 is connect with reaction frame 2
Place is conducive to model casing using the use of sealant and water-separating film 23 and meets basic demand 2..
As shown in fig. 7, the permeable pedestal 4 is made of permeable stone 6, stiff baseplate 22, conduit 9 and valve 8.Permeable stone shape
Shape is circle, is evenly distributed on 22 interior grooves of stiff baseplate by 3X5 array (3 column 5 of row) to meet maximum row needed for experiment
Aqueous energy.The valve 8 is fixed among 22 short side of stiff baseplate, can control drainage condition by the valve 8 to meet sample
Saturation, consolidation and draining etc., material preferably selects stainless steel and copper equal strength higher material to bear Gao Shui brought by high-g level
Pressure or oil pressure.The conduit 9 is through stiff baseplate 22 and is connected to each permeable stone 6, and sample is quick full in implementation model case
It is quickly discharged with liquid.The use of permeable pedestal 4 is conducive to model casing and meets basic demand 2..
The foregoing is merely the preferred embodiment of the present invention, are not intended to restrict the invention, for this field
For technical staff, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, made any
Modification, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of transparent shear model box for shaketalle test, including permeable pedestal on a vibration table is installed and is arranged saturating
Layer structure cabinet on water-bed seat, it is characterised in that:
The cabinet includes multiple open type shearing rings being successively superimposed on permeable pedestal and at least one reaction frame, lowest level
Open type shearing ring be fixedly connected with permeable pedestal, adjacent apertures formula shearing ring can generate each other when by shearing force
It misplaces to form the free survey stations boundary condition of earthquake shearing model test；
Overlap the side opening to be formed in multiple open type shearing rings, the two sides of the reaction frame pass through respectively snap-in structure with
Aforesaid plurality of open type shearing ring fastens, and the snap-in structure is allowing aforesaid plurality of open type shearing interannular being parallel to instead
It is limited while generating dislocation on the direction of power frame, and dislocation is generated on the direction perpendicular to reaction frame；
The side for detection test sample is provided on the reaction frame by the transparent window of alternating shear power effect situation.
2. transparent shear model box according to claim 1, which is characterized in that there is a reaction frame on the cabinet,
And the other side on the cabinet relative to reaction frame is provided at least one gag lever post, which is allowing aforesaid plurality of opening
Formula shearing interannular limits it while generating dislocation on the direction for be parallel to reaction frame and produces on the direction perpendicular to reaction frame
Raw dislocation.
3. transparent shear model box according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the bottom of the gag lever post and permeable pedestal
It is fixedly connected, the hook that there are upper part the multiple open type shearing rings of limitation to generate separation in the vertical direction.
4. transparent shear model box according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the opening of the open type shearing ring has
The adjutage that the outside of oriented opening extends, the reaction frame have clamping groove compatible with adjutage.
5. transparent shear model box according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the two sides of the adjutage and clamping groove
Medial surface between all have multiple positioning rollers so that adjacent adjutage be only capable of along be parallel to adjutage direction it is steadily wrong
Position.
6. transparent shear model box according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the clamping groove is C-shaped, adjutage insertion
In clamping groove, and its two sides has positioning rollers to be located in the middle part of clamping groove.
7. transparent shear model box according to claim 1 or 4, which is characterized in that the multiple open type shearing ring it
Between have multiple guiding roller bearings so that between adjacent apertures formula shearing ring steadily generate dislocation.
8. transparent shear model box according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the cabinet is a side opening, three side seals
The rectangle closed, the interior cavity having for placing test specimen of the cabinet.
9. transparent shear model box according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the transparent window is transparent window, with
The active state by shearing force of test specimen is observed and analyzed for human eye or photographing device.
10. transparent shear model box according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the transparent window be Young's modulus >=
The organic glass of 5GPa, light transmittance >=85% are made.
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