CN110132146A - A kind of gas turbine inlet air anti-icing detection system - Google Patents
A kind of gas turbine inlet air anti-icing detection system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110132146A CN110132146A CN201910398857.6A CN201910398857A CN110132146A CN 110132146 A CN110132146 A CN 110132146A CN 201910398857 A CN201910398857 A CN 201910398857A CN 110132146 A CN110132146 A CN 110132146A
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- gas turbine
- icing
- air
- signal
- detection system
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
- G01B11/06—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness ; e.g. of sheet material
- G01B11/0616—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness ; e.g. of sheet material of coating
- G01B11/0625—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness ; e.g. of sheet material of coating with measurement of absorption or reflection
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
- G01B11/06—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness ; e.g. of sheet material
- G01B11/0616—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness ; e.g. of sheet material of coating
- G01B11/0683—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness ; e.g. of sheet material of coating measurement during deposition or removal of the layer
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention devises a kind of gas turbine inlet air anti-icing detection system, for improving the safety and efficiency that gas-turbine installation is run at low ambient temperatures.Pass through the gas turbine inlet air anti-icing detection system of proposition, accurate measurements and judgement are carried out to gas-turbine installation gas handling system icing conditions, control air-intake heating mechanism opens and closes at a reasonable time, the purpose of realization energy efficiency under the premise of guaranteeing that inlet air conditions meet gas turbine safe operation.Have the characteristics that icing detection precision is high, response is fast, structure is simple, flexible arrangement, can satisfy the detecting function demand of land gas turbine and marine gas turbine device air inlet anti-icing system.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to gas-turbine installation safe operations and energy efficiency technical field more particularly to a kind of gas turbine
Air inlet anti-icing detection system.
Background technique
Gas turbine is one kind using air as main medium, dynamic by turbomachine continuous compression-heating-expansion work
Power device.Gas turbine blower is continuously in high speed rotation state, and blade end speed is very high, therefore carries secretly in air
Any tiny particle may all cause larger harm to blade safe handling.In the environment of cold and high humidity, in air
Water vapour may congeal into ice or frost, is attached to the positions such as gas handling system pipeline, strainer and gas handling system is caused to block, or broken
Ice cube be inhaled into compressor, both of these case all can bring huge security risk to the operation of gas turbine.Therefore most of
Gas-turbine installation, which all designs, has air inlet anti-icing system to avoid above situation.
Currently, the basic air inlet for carrying out gas turbine using air-intake heating mechanism is anti-icing both at home and abroad, to improve compared with low environment
Gas turbine inlet air temperature when temperature is general to set fixed low-temperature warning value to judge that opening air inlet under what conditions adds
Thermal.Due to the condition and air humidity to freeze in practical gas handling system, gas handling system flow passage resistance etc. has compared with Important Relations,
It is difficult to accurately predict these factors in actual motion, therefore low-temperature warning value is usually arranged as that there are more than larger safety
Amount.This will lead to air-intake heating mechanism and opens in advance, can additionally consume a large amount of energy for heating, significantly reduce system fortune
Line efficiency.For large-scale gas turbine device, the energy consumption for inlet air heating is very big.It is with 30MW gas-turbine installation
Example, if setting low-temperature warning value be 5 DEG C, and actual air relative humidity be lower than 70% when, temperature, which is reduced to 0 DEG C, can just start to tie
Ice, heating system is opened in advance at this time, and additional consumption about 500kW power is used to heat the air inlet of gas turbine.For using
Bleed air re-injection improves the gas-turbine installation of intake air temperature to compressor inlet, bleed anti-icing system open meeting so that
Compressor working efficiency significantly reduces.
It, being capable of real-time, accurate measurements ice condition skill using one kind it is therefore desirable to consider that icing detection system is arranged
Art means are realized that air-intake heating mechanism is opened under the critical condition of icing, under conditions of guaranteeing air inlet without icing, are effectively kept away
Exempt from the case where actual air does not freeze and opens air-intake heating mechanism in advance generation, reduce energy consumption or avoid compressor compared with
It is run under inefficient operating condition.When gas turbine is run under cold conditions for a long time, this will bring the energy-saving effect of highly significant.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of gas turbine inlet air anti-icing detection systems, for improving
The safety and efficiency that gas-turbine installation is run at low ambient temperatures.Pass through the gas turbine inlet air anti-icing detection system of proposition
System carries out accurate measurements and judgement to gas-turbine installation gas handling system icing conditions, controls air-intake heating mechanism reasonable
Time opens and closes, the purpose of realization energy efficiency under the premise of guaranteeing that inlet air conditions meet gas turbine safe operation.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is: providing a kind of gas turbine inlet air anti-icing detection system
System, including fibre optical sensor (contain incident optical, reception optical fiber), light source, close source controller, photoelectric converter, signal amplifier,
Signal analysis module, anti-icing function opening controller, the incident optical signal in fibre optical sensor is behind testee surface, again
It is received by fibre optical sensor, is input to signal analysis module, the ice sheet number that signal analysis module will obtain by photoelectric converter
It is compared according to the data in comparison database, ice sheet data issue to anti-icing function opening controller when exceeding preset value and open letter
Number, anti-icing function opening controller exports the anti-icing function control signal of air inlet.
According to the above technical scheme, on air inlet screen surface, muffler inlet and outlet, inlet channel contraction section wall surface, combustion gas wheel
One or more installation fibre optical sensors in machine compressor air suction casing channel.Air heating apparatus installation site is according to air
Heating method is arranged in inlet plenum by-pass line or inlet plenum inlet, and air heating apparatus uses from compressor and draws one
Gas and air inlet after partial compression blend, or install injection air inlet after smoke gas afterheat heat exchanger preheats partial air additional and lead to
Road, or air is preheated using Electric heating.
According to the above technical scheme, signal analysis module acquires light source controller hair while reception optical fiber sensor signal
Control signal out obtains the reception optical fiber signal strength of characteristic wavelengths, counts by being filtered to signal and correlation analysis
Calculate ice layer thickness data.
According to the above technical scheme, on air inlet screen surface, muffler inlet and outlet, inlet channel contraction section wall surface, combustion gas wheel
Machine compressor air suction casing installs incident optical, reception optical fiber in channel respectively.Air-flow passes through the portions such as air inlet screen, muffler
When part, certain throttling cooling effect can be generated, when air themperature is lower, relative humidity is higher, is easy so that local air
Dry-bulb temperature be lower than dew-point temperature, thus the phenomenon that forming water vapour condensation, freezing, Multi-point detection avoids high local flow velocities
The harm of area's icing bring.
According to the above technical scheme, light source controller is set before light source, light source controller has multiple signals synchronism output
Interface, setting signal amplifier between photoelectric converter and signal analysis module.
The beneficial effect comprise that: (1) ice condition of air inlet device for gas turbine body structure surface is realized real
When, detect in high sensitivity；
(2) ice condition at local velocity higher position in gas turbine inlet air strainer and inlet channel is supervised
It surveys；
(3) panel detector structure size is smaller, can satisfy in the through-flow environment of air inlet the installation of multiple monitoring positions without
The requirement that charge air flow is made a significant impact.
Detailed description of the invention
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples, in attached drawing:
Fig. 1 is gas turbine inlet air anti-icing detection system application exemplary diagram in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is that fibre-optical probe exemplary diagram is installed on air inlet screen surface in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is that inlet channel contraction section wall surface installs fibre-optical probe exemplary diagram in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is to install fibre-optical probe exemplary diagram in the embodiment of the present invention before compressor in air suction casing channel；
Fig. 5 is a gas turbine inlet air anti-icing detection system structure diagram in the embodiment of the present invention；
In figure, 1. detecting structure surfaces, 2. incident opticals, 3. mirror based fiber opticas, 4. light sources, 5. signal generators, 6. photoelectricity
Converter, 7. signal amplifiers, 8. signal analysis modules, 9. anti-icing function opening controllers, 10. air heating apparatus, 11. is high
Warm air inject distributor, 12. gas turbine inlet air channels, 13. layers of ices, 14. air inlet screens, 15. fibre-optical probes, 16. into
Gas passages shrink pipeline section, 17. pods, 18. gas-turbine installations, 19. gas turbine blower air suction casings, 20. logics
Or controller.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that described herein, specific examples are only used to explain the present invention, not
For limiting the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, in the embodiment of the present invention, a kind of gas turbine inlet air anti-icing detection system is provided for realizing air inlet
Anti-icing function, mainly by fiber-optical probe 15, light source 4, light source controller 5, photoelectric converter 6, signal amplifier 7, signal
Analysis module 8, the equal composition of anti-icing function opening controller 9.
The mechanism of the anti-icing function of gas turbine inlet air are as follows: the optics that the reception optical fiber in photodetector acquires in real time
For signal after photoelectric converter and signal amplifier, signal analysis module is given in output；Signal analysis module is receiving reflected light
Also the control signal that light source controller sending is acquired while signal, consequently facilitating obtaining correlation by being filtered to signal
The reflected light signal intensity of wave band, thus judges ice layer thickness, provides anti-icing function open signal；This signal is transferred to anti-icing function
Can opening controller distributor 11 is injected by high temperature air to start air heating apparatus 10, to gas turbine inlet air into
Row heating, realizes the anti-icing function of air inlet.
As shown in Fig. 5,18 air inlet anti-icing detection system of gas turbine air inlet screen surface, muffler inlet and outlet, into
The multiple air inlet icing detectors of installation in 16 wall surface of gas passages shrink section, gas turbine blower air suction casing channel 19 etc.
Fibre-optical probe 15 is analyzed by multi-channel optical fibre signal, and most afterwards through logic or controller 20, it is determined whether to enable the anti-icing heating of air inlet
Device, anti-icing function opening controller output control signal, realizes the opening and closing of air-intake heating mechanism, to complete air inlet
Anti-icing function.
Air heating apparatus installation site shown in attached drawing 5 is to schematically show, be can be disposed at according to air heating method
Inlet plenum by-pass line or inlet plenum inlet.Air heating apparatus includes, but are not limited to, the following ways: 1) using from calming the anger
Power traction goes out a part of compressed gas and air inlet blends and improves intake air temperature, and 2) smoke gas afterheat heat exchanger is installed additional to partial air
Inlet channel 12,3 is injected after being preheated) compressor air inlet machine is preheated using Electric heating.
Icing thickness is detected using fibre optical sensor.Fibre optical sensor includes launching fiber and reception optical fiber, passes through signal
Generator excitation light source generates the light of specific band, testee surface 1 is exported to by launching fiber, in the feelings not frozen
Under condition, the light of transmitting is injected in ambient enviroment, and by the absorption and diffusing reflection of environment, the light intensity into reception optical fiber can
Ignore；And when freezing, the light launched passes through the reflection of ice-air boundary in ice sheet 13, some can enter
Reception optical fiber, so as to perceive icing phenomenon by photodetector.
Launching fiber and reception optical fiber can integrate the fibre-optical probe being integrated, and may include all the way in a fibre-optical probe
Or multichannel launching fiber and reception optical fiber, or beam-splitting structure is used, it realizes that transmitting-receiving optical fiber shares, passes through light source and photodetection
The logic switch of device realizes a signal disposal and analysis when optical fiber transceiving multiplexing.In view of optical condition under actual environment can
Can be more complex, so that the noise level that detector receives in signal is higher, it can be by installing optical filter in fibre-optical probe front end
Mode improve the signal-to-noise ratio of detectable signal.The optical fiber icing detector response time can achieve ms magnitude, and ice sheet detection is sensitive
Degree can achieve 0.1mm, can satisfy real-time, the highly sensitive requirement of gas turbine inlet air icing detection；According to actual needs,
Fibre-optical probe is sized to 2mm~10mm, and detection system has the advantages of simple structure and easy realization the requirement of detector multiple spot installation, such as
Shown in Fig. 2-4.
Fibre optical sensor is mountable on air inlet screen surface, muffler inlet and outlet, inlet channel contraction section wall surface, combustion gas wheel
The positions such as (installation pod 17), are installed, it is ensured that gas turbine inlet air is logical by multiple spot in machine compressor air suction casing channel
Air-intake heating mechanism unlatching can be controlled when occurring icing phenomenon in road in time.Air-flow passes through the portions such as air inlet screen 14, muffler
When part, certain throttling cooling effect can be generated, when air themperature is lower, relative humidity is higher, is easy so that local air
Dry-bulb temperature be lower than dew-point temperature, thus formed water vapour condensation, freeze the phenomenon that, it is therefore desirable to kept away by Multi-point detection
Exempt from the harm of high local flow velocities area icing bring.
It should be understood that for those of ordinary skills, it can be modified or changed according to the above description,
And all these modifications and variations should all belong to the protection domain of appended claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of gas turbine inlet air anti-icing detection system, which is characterized in that including fibre optical sensor, light source, photoelectric converter,
Signal amplifier, signal analysis module, anti-icing function opening controller, the incident optical signal in fibre optical sensor pass through measured object
It behind body surface face, and is received by fibre optical sensor, is input to signal analysis module by photoelectric converter, signal analysis module is incited somebody to action
To ice sheet data be compared with the data in comparison database, to anti-icing function opening controller when ice sheet data exceed preset value
Open signal is issued, anti-icing function opening controller exports the anti-icing function control signal of air inlet.
2. gas turbine inlet air anti-icing detection system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that air inlet screen surface,
Muffler inlet and outlet, inlet channel contraction section wall surface, one or more installations in gas turbine blower air suction casing channel
Fibre optical sensor.
3. gas turbine inlet air anti-icing detection system according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that signal analysis module
The control signal that light source controller issues is acquired while reception optical fiber sensor signal, by being filtered to signal and phase
The analysis of closing property, obtains the reception optical fiber signal strength of characteristic wavelengths, calculates ice layer thickness data.
4. gas turbine inlet air anti-icing detection system according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that fibre optical sensor collection
At launching fiber and reception optical fiber.
5. gas turbine inlet air anti-icing detection system according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that be arranged before light source
Light source controller, light source controller have multiple signals synchronism output interface, set between photoelectric converter and signal analysis module
Set signal amplifier.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910398857.6A CN110132146A (en) | 2019-05-14 | 2019-05-14 | A kind of gas turbine inlet air anti-icing detection system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910398857.6A CN110132146A (en) | 2019-05-14 | 2019-05-14 | A kind of gas turbine inlet air anti-icing detection system |
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| CN110132146A true CN110132146A (en) | 2019-08-16 |
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| CN201910398857.6A Pending CN110132146A (en) | 2019-05-14 | 2019-05-14 | A kind of gas turbine inlet air anti-icing detection system |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110987459A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-04-10 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Observation test stand for icing process of inlet of marine gas turbine |
| CN111024403A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-04-17 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Marine gas turbine inlet part icing test bed comprising inlet channel structure |
| WO2022103593A1 (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2022-05-19 | Government Of The United States, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Ice detection and precautionary system shut-down event reduction systems and related methods |
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| CN107829889A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-03-23 | 浙江运达风电股份有限公司 | A kind of deicing control method and system for wind power generating set |
| CN109687374A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2019-04-26 | 北京邮电大学 | Laser ice melting system and method based on Bragg grating |
| CN208846098U (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2019-05-10 | 平湖波汇通信科技有限公司 | Gas leakage based on Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques monitors system |
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| CN202075225U (en) * | 2011-05-10 | 2011-12-14 | 华中科技大学 | Optical fiber type icing sensor |
| US8982362B2 (en) * | 2011-10-04 | 2015-03-17 | First Solar, Inc. | System and method for measuring layer thickness and depositing semiconductor layers |
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| CN110987459A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-04-10 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Observation test stand for icing process of inlet of marine gas turbine |
| CN111024403A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-04-17 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Marine gas turbine inlet part icing test bed comprising inlet channel structure |
| WO2022103593A1 (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2022-05-19 | Government Of The United States, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Ice detection and precautionary system shut-down event reduction systems and related methods |
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Application publication date: 20190816 |