CN110130864A - Based on the nearly pit shaft method for controlling crack for staggeredly determining face perforation - Google Patents
Based on the nearly pit shaft method for controlling crack for staggeredly determining face perforation Download PDFInfo
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- CN110130864A CN110130864A CN201910384466.9A CN201910384466A CN110130864A CN 110130864 A CN110130864 A CN 110130864A CN 201910384466 A CN201910384466 A CN 201910384466A CN 110130864 A CN110130864 A CN 110130864A
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of based on the nearly pit shaft method for controlling crack for staggeredly determining face perforation, this method comprises: determining the nearly pit shaft crack to be formed according to the geological conditions of reservoir, the nearly pit shaft crack to be formed includes: the phase angular region and types of fractures in crack；Multi-openings are set according to the phase angular region in the crack and determine face, wherein, two adjacent perforations determine face in parallel and are staggered, the phase angular region that each perforation determines face is at least partly overlapped with the phase angular region in the crack, and the multiple perforation determines the phase angular region that the phase angular region that face covers includes the crack；Corresponding perforating bullet is determined according to the types of fractures；Face is determined according to the perforating bullet and the multiple perforation and carries out perforation, to control the formation in nearly pit shaft crack.The present invention solves the prior art and is difficult to realize the technical issues of controling effectively to nearly pit shaft fracture strike and extension.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to routine and unconventional oil and gas reservoir volume fracturing yield increasing technical fields, in particular to one kind
Based on the nearly pit shaft method for controlling crack for staggeredly determining face perforation.
Background technique
Core technology link of the perforating technology as pressure break completion technique, quickly grows, in recent years especially as oil gas field
Exploitation constantly striding forward towards the low porosity and low permeabilities untraditional reservoir such as shale gas, tight gas, coal bed gas, perforation is playing the part of tradition
It opens tubing and casing, connection pit shaft and stratum role simultaneously, also more and more bears control critical eigenvalue trend, promotes seam net form
At, realize the important task of volume fracturing, therefore constantly by the highest attention of researcher.
When carrying out the extensive staged fracturing of long horizontal sections horizontal well, common perforating modes have spiral perforation, oriented perforating
With determine face perforation, these types of perforating modes relative skill is mature, is optimized by perforating parameter, can meet to a certain extent reduces
Split pressure, the requirement for promoting seam net to be formed.But at present due to the crack perforation Shi Kongzhou physical aspect complexity, connection is various informative,
How the reasons such as formation mechenism and propagation law are unknown have nearly pit shaft crack to realize by optimization perforating modes and parameter
Manual control is imitated, and then is promoted, the promotion of fracturing transformation effect is still an important problem in perforating and fracturing field, also seriously
The Efficient Development of untraditional reservoir is constrained, therefore probes into untraditional reservoir and splits nearly pit shaft crack manual control method very
It is necessary.
Summary of the invention
The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of based on the nearly pit shaft method for controlling crack for staggeredly determining face perforation, with solution
Certainly the prior art is difficult to realize the technical issues of controling effectively to nearly pit shaft fracture strike and extension.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention provides a kind of based on the nearly pit shaft Crack Control side for staggeredly determining face perforation
Method, this method comprises:
The nearly pit shaft crack to be formed is determined according to the geological conditions of reservoir, and the nearly pit shaft crack to be formed includes:
The phase angular region and types of fractures in crack；
Multi-openings are set according to the phase angular region in the crack and determine face, wherein it is parallel that two adjacent perforations determine face
And be staggered, the phase angular region that each perforation determines face is at least partly overlapped with the phase angular region in the crack, described more
A perforation determines the phase angular region that the phase angular region that face covers includes the crack；
Corresponding perforating bullet is determined according to the types of fractures；
Face is determined according to the perforating bullet and the multiple perforation and carries out perforation, to control the formation in nearly pit shaft crack.
It is further, described to determine face according to the phase angular region in crack setting multi-openings, comprising:
Face angle and adjacent two are determined according to what the phase angular region in the crack was arranged that each perforation determines face
The perforation determines the stagger angle between face；
Determine face angle and the stagger angle the multiple perforation of arranging according to described and determine face, so that the multiple perforation
The phase angular region for determining face covering includes the phase angular region in the crack.
Further, described to determine face angle and the stagger angle the multiple perforation of arranging according to described and determine face, packet
It includes:
Each perforation determines projection of first perforation in face on the cross section perpendicular to pit shaft axis along pit shaft
Circumferential direction be arranged successively.
Further, described to determine face angle and the stagger angle the multiple perforation of arranging according to described and determine face, packet
It includes:
The multiple perforation determines the partial completion in face and determines first perforation in face in the cross section perpendicular to pit shaft axis
On projection be arranged successively along the clockwise direction of pit shaft, the multiple perforation determines that another part perforation in face determines face
Projection of one perforation on the cross section perpendicular to pit shaft axis is arranged successively along the counter clockwise direction of pit shaft.
Further, the types of fractures includes: crosscutting crack and seam net；It is described according to the types of fractures determine pair
The perforating bullet answered includes: to select deep penetrating charge when the types of fractures is crosscutting crack；When the types of fractures is seam
When net, big hole perforator is selected.
Further, the nearly pit shaft crack to be formed includes: that crack seam is high；It is described to be determined according to the types of fractures
Corresponding perforating bullet includes: according to the types of fractures and the high determining perforating bullet of crack seam.
Further, each perforation determine face to determine face angle equal.
Further, the stagger angle that the adjacent perforation of any two is determined between face is equal.
Further, the adjacent perforation of any two determines being equidistant between face.
Further, it is small more than or equal to 150 millimeters that the adjacent perforation of any two, which determines the value range of the distance between face,
In equal to 300 millimeters.
The invention has the benefit that the present invention by the basis of normal predetermined surface perforation introduce determine face alternate angle this
Perforating parameter makes it while having to contact close easily formation interconnected fracture and adjacent perforation connection between determining face with perforation in certain face
It is close easily to form interconnected fracture double dominant, by adjusting perforating bullet model and determine face angle and alternate angle combines and can promote shape
It is final efficient to enhance manually to the control ability of nearly pit shaft crack connection extension at specific hole week fracture pattern
Fracturing reform establishes good basis.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is the present invention
Some embodiments for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can also basis
These attached drawings obtain other attached drawings.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is flow chart of the embodiment of the present invention based on the nearly pit shaft method for controlling crack for staggeredly determining face perforation；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart that perforation of the embodiment of the present invention determines face setting method；
Fig. 3 is that the embodiment of the present invention staggeredly determines one of face perforation schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is that the embodiment of the present invention staggeredly determines the two of face perforation schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is one of geological conditions of the embodiment of the present invention and desired nearly pit shaft crack schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is the two of geological conditions of the embodiment of the present invention and desired nearly pit shaft crack schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 is the three of geological conditions of the embodiment of the present invention and desired nearly pit shaft crack schematic diagram；
Fig. 8 is that the embodiment of the present invention determines the unidirectional arrangement schematic diagram of surface helix；
Fig. 9 is one of 360 degree of crosscutting crack schematic diagrames of nearly pit shaft of the embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 10 is the two of 360 degree of crosscutting crack schematic diagrames of nearly pit shaft of the embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 11 is that the embodiment of the present invention determines the W-shaped two-way arrangement schematic diagram in face；
Figure 12 is that the nearly pit shaft of the embodiment of the present invention determines one of crosscutting crack schematic diagram of angle；
Figure 13 is that the nearly pit shaft of the embodiment of the present invention determines the two of the crosscutting crack schematic diagram of angle；
Figure 14 is that the embodiment of the present invention determines face mixing arrangement schematic diagram；
Figure 15 is phase angle of embodiment of the present invention schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, below in conjunction in the embodiment of the present invention
Attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is only
The embodiment of a part of the invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, ordinary skill people
The model that the present invention protects all should belong in member's every other embodiment obtained without making creative work
It encloses.
It should be noted that term " includes " and " tool in description and claims of this specification and above-mentioned attached drawing
Have " and their any deformation, it is intended that cover it is non-exclusive include, for example, containing a series of steps or units
Process, method, system, product or equipment those of are not necessarily limited to be clearly listed step or unit, but may include without clear
Other step or units listing to Chu or intrinsic for these process, methods, product or equipment.
It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, the feature in embodiment and embodiment in the present invention can phase
Mutually combination.The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
The present invention staggeredly determines the perforating modes of face perforation to realize that nearly pit shaft Crack Control proposes.In the present invention,
Realize the manual control of nearly pit shaft crack behavior, when reinforcing perforation between each duct connection promote to be formed hole week interconnected fracture,
Reinforce connection between each hole week interconnected fracture to promote to form crosscutting main seam or an effective means, is based on this thought sheet
Invention proposes the concept for staggeredly determining face perforation.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 is that the embodiment of the present invention staggeredly determines face perforation schematic diagram, in figs. 3 and 4: 1, which is first, determines face and penetrates
Face is determined in hole, and 2 be second face of determining for determining face perforation, and 3 be perforation, and 4 are perpendicular to the cross section of pit shaft axis, and 4 be first
Determine face 1 and second interlaced area for determining face 2,6, which are first, determines face 1 and what second was determined face 2 determines face alternate angle, and 7 be first
It is a determine face 1 determine face angle.Determine the perforating modes that face perforation is a kind of existing maturation, the face of determining for determining face perforation is one fan-shaped
Face each determines have 3 perforations on face, the angle that one is determined in face between two neighboring perforation it is equal be referred to as determine face angle,
Determine face to be normally provided as being parallel to the cross section 4 perpendicular to pit shaft axis.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, the present invention staggeredly determine on the basis of face perforation is in normal predetermined surface perforation introduce determine face friendship
This perforating parameter of alternate angle, allow adjacent 3 launch holes for determining face to be constituted fan-shaped surface formation interlocks, by adjust determine face angle with
Determine the size combinations of face alternate angle, on the one hand can retain in normal predetermined surface perforation and contact close, easy shape with perforation in certain face
This advantage of pore-forming week interconnected fracture, on the other hand can then reinforce it is adjacent determine to contact between the perforation of face, to promote multiple holes
All interconnected fractures extend the crosscutting main seam that convergence forms human controllable as required.In figs. 3 and 4, determining face angle 7 indicates same
Determine the angle in face between adjacent two launch hole, similar to the phase angle in spiral perforation, determines face alternate angle and indicate adjacent to determine face
Angle between starting perforation.
In the present invention, the propagation law that nearly pit shaft crack when the perforation of face is staggeredly determined to find out, using deep penetration
DP44RDX38-1 perforating bullet and large aperture GH46RDX43-1 perforating bullet have carried out perforation Targeting, mould on simulation shale target
Intend staggeredly determining the true perforating process of face perforation.The experimental results showed that (1) determines face for deep penetration DP44RDX38-1 perforating bullet
When angle+alternate angle is 60 ° of+30 ° of combinations, the crosscutting crack of diamond shape of vertical bore axial direction will form.(2) for large aperture
GH46RDX43-1 perforating bullet, determine face angle+alternate angle be 60 °+30 °, 60 ° of combinations when, will form hole week fracture network, i.e., close well
Cylinder surrounding rock is scraped in perforating bullet detonation.By determining face Perforation week Mechanism of Formation of The Fractures and propagation law to interlocking
Research can obtain an important conclusion: for different model perforating bullet, when face angle is determined in change and alternate angle combines, hole circumscissile
Slit state is different, this will necessarily have an important influence on subsequent fracturing reform.That give an important inspirations of the invention: right
It in the nontraditional reservoir of different characteristics, can attempt by using staggeredly determining face perforating modes, and preferably perforating bullet model and calmly
Face angle and alternate angle combination are to realize the manual control to nearly pit shaft crack, so that desired nearly pit shaft fracture pattern is obtained,
Preferably oil-gas reservoir is transformed according to people's wish.
Fig. 1 is flow chart of the embodiment of the present invention based on the nearly pit shaft method for controlling crack for staggeredly determining face perforation, such as Fig. 1 institute
Show, the embodiment of the present invention includes step S101 to step S104 based on staggeredly the nearly pit shaft method for controlling crack of face perforation is determined.
Step S101 determines the nearly pit shaft crack to be formed, the nearly pit shaft to be formed according to the geological conditions of reservoir
Crack includes: the phase angular region and types of fractures in crack.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the nearly pit shaft crack to be formed is desired nearly pit shaft fracture pattern, generally according to
The geological conditions and engineering demand of reservoir determine desired nearly pit shaft fracture pattern.Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 are implementation of the present invention
Example geological conditions and desired nearly pit shaft crack schematic diagram, as shown in figure 5, for, change of pitch angle good for geological conditions compared with
Small, the biggish unconventional oil and gas reservoir of thickness, pit shaft axis are generally approached or are overlapped with reservoir center line, it is often desirable that are formed and hung down
The crosscutting main seam of straight well cylinder axial direction controls close expand far to slow down near-wellbore effect.As shown in fig. 6, special for geological conditions,
Change of pitch angle is larger or has the unconventional oil and gas reservoir of special engineering demand, and pit shaft axis is sometimes above or below reservoir
Pass through, it is often desirable that the development of reservoir side is more partial in crack, to utilize hydraulic energy to greatest extent, improves production capacity.Such as
Shown in Fig. 7, the unconventional oil and gas reservoir violent for complex geologic conditions, change of pitch angle, pit shaft axis is often difficult to accurately pass through
Reservoir is worn, reservoir side is often partial to or is pierced by, it is often desirable that main seam propagation direction " can closely follow " reservoir position, in pit shaft axis
The well section for approaching or being overlapped with reservoir center line wishes to form the crosscutting main seam of vertical bore axial direction, in pit shaft axis deviation reservoir
Above or below well section wish crack be more partial to reservoir side development.In addition, for poor thin layer, oil gas containing edge-bottom water
Layer, Water Flooding Layer etc. are difficult to carry out the unconventional oil and gas reservoir of extensive hydraulic fracturing, it is often desirable that straight on the borehole wall by perforation
The drainage area for obtaining bigger reduces reservoir fracture pressure, forms nearly pit shaft seam net.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the nearly pit shaft crack to be formed has at least the phase angular region in crack and crack
The two fracture parameters of type.The phase angular region in crack is for determining the position in desired nearly pit shaft crack.Figure 15 is this hair
Bright embodiment phase angle schematic diagram, phase angle here is the angle of the axis direction around pit shaft as shown in figure 15, such as
The highest point of pit shaft can be set as to 0 degree of phase angle, the minimum point of pit shaft is set as phase angle 180 degree.The present invention is thought by setting
The phase angular region in the nearly pit shaft crack wanted specifies the position in desired nearly pit shaft crack.In embodiments of the present invention, crack
Type is the form in desired nearly pit shaft crack, and in this hair embodiment, types of fractures may include: crosscutting crack, seam net etc..
In alternative embodiment of the invention, the geological conditions of reservoir may include: the thickness of the change of pitch angle of reservoir, reservoir
Degree, pit shaft axis and positional relationship of reservoir center line etc..
In alternative embodiment of the invention, the nearly pit shaft crack to be formed may include: 360 ° of crosscutting cracks of nearly pit shaft,
Nearly pit shaft determines the crosscutting crack of angle, nearly pit shaft seam net etc..For 360 ° of crosscutting cracks of nearly pit shaft, types of fractures is crosscutting splits
Seam, the phase angular region in crack are 0 ° to 360 °.The crosscutting crack of angle is determined for nearly pit shaft, types of fractures is crosscutting splits
Seam, the phase angular region in crack is a certain range selected between 0 ° to 360 °.Net, types of fractures are stitched for nearly pit shaft
To stitch net, certain phase angle that the phase angle in crack may range from 0 ° to 360 ° or select between 0 ° to 360 °
Range.
Step S102 is arranged multi-openings according to the phase angular region in the crack and determines face, wherein two adjacent perforations
Determine face in parallel and be staggered, each perforation determines phase angular region weight of the phase angular region in face at least partly with the crack
It closes, the multiple perforation determines the phase angular region that the phase angular region that face covers includes the crack.
The present invention staggeredly determines the perforating modes of face perforation to realize that nearly pit shaft Crack Control proposes, that is, uses multiple friendships
Wrong determines face to carry out perforation.In embodiments of the present invention, each determine face for certain angle covering of the fan, the angle of covering of the fan directly by
The face angle of determining for determining face determined, such as when determining when to determine face angle be 60 ° of face, the angle of covering of the fan is 120 °.In the present invention
In embodiment, the position available phases angular region in face each is determined to determine, the phase angular region for determining face is to determine first of face to penetrate
The phase angle in hole is to the angular range between the phase angle for the third perforation for determining face.
In embodiments of the present invention, determine two perforations adjacent in face in the multi-openings of setting and determine face to be parallel to each other and often
A perforation determines face each parallel to the cross section of vertical bore axis.It is fixed that two perforations adjacent in face are determined in the multi-openings of setting
Face is staggered, between have certain stagger angle, in an embodiment of the present invention the adjacent perforation of any two determine face it
Between stagger angle can be identical or different.In embodiments of the present invention, each perforation determines the phase angular region in face at least partly
It is overlapped with the crack phase angular region in desired nearly pit shaft crack, the multi-openings of setting determine the phase angular region that face integrally covers
More than or equal to the phase angular region in the crack.In another embodiment of the invention, the multi-openings of setting are determined face and are integrally covered
The phase angular region of lid should be substantially identical as the desired crack phase angular region in nearly pit shaft crack, i.e., it is whole that multiple perforation determines face
The phase angular region of body covering and the deviation of the crack phase angular region are within percent 15.
It in embodiments of the present invention, can be according to the crack in desired nearly pit shaft crack when setting multi-openings determine face
Phase angular region determines determining face angle and adjacent two determining alternate angle between face for face each perforation is arranged, so that the multiple of setting penetrate
Determine the phase angular region that the phase angular region that face integrally covers includes the crack in hole.In embodiments of the present invention, perforation determines face
Quantity and adjacent two distances determined between face are determined by actual engine request, and the arrangement mode that multiple perforation determines face can be with
There are many, for example, along pit shaft it is clockwise or counterclockwise be arranged successively, along pit shaft clockwise direction and counterclockwise
Direction two-way mixing arrangement, W-shaped or V-arrangement is staggered in the phase angular region in crack, and specific arrangement mode can be with
It is determined by actual engine request.
The present invention by using staggeredly determining the perforating modes of face perforation, i.e., using it is multiple it is staggered determine face and carry out perforation,
On the one hand it can retain in normal predetermined surface perforation and contact that close, easily this is excellent for formation hole week interconnected fracture with perforation in certain face
Gesture, on the other hand can then reinforce it is adjacent determine to contact between the perforation of face, so that multiple hole week interconnected fractures be promoted to extend as required
Convergence forms desired crack.
Step S103 determines corresponding perforating bullet according to the types of fractures.
In embodiments of the present invention, different types of crack needs to realize using different types of perforating bullet, the present invention
After determining desired nearly pit shaft crack, need to select corresponding perforating bullet according to the type in desired nearly pit shaft crack.
In embodiments of the present invention, types of fractures includes crosscutting crack and seam net, and crosscutting crack is needed to select deep wear
Beam orifice bullet carries out perforation, and seam net is needed that big hole perforator is selected to carry out perforation.
In an embodiment of the present invention, also there is crack to stitch high parameter in the nearly pit shaft crack to be formed, and crack seam is high to be indicated
Distance of the crack away from pit shaft, crack seam is high to wear deep determine by perforating bullet.In one embodiment of this invention, in selective perforation
Not only high parameter to also be stitched according to crack according to types of fractures to select the perforating bullet of corresponding model when bullet.
Step S104 determines face according to the perforating bullet and the multiple perforation and carries out perforation, to control nearly pit shaft crack
Formation.
In embodiments of the present invention, perforation is set in the desired nearly pit shaft crack of basis determine face and selective perforation bullet
Afterwards, perforating application is carried out, promotes to form desired nearly pit shaft crack by perforation to realize.
From the above, it can be seen that the present invention by the basis of normal predetermined surface perforation introduce determine face alternate angle this
Perforating parameter makes it while having to contact close easily formation interconnected fracture and adjacent perforation connection between determining face with perforation in certain face
It is close easily to form interconnected fracture double dominant, by adjusting perforating bullet model and determine face angle and alternate angle combines and can promote shape
It is final efficient to enhance manually to the control ability of nearly pit shaft crack connection extension at specific hole week fracture pattern
Fracturing reform establishes good basis.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart that perforation of the embodiment of the present invention determines face setting method, as shown in Fig. 2, above-mentioned steps S102's penetrates
Determine face setting method and specifically include step S201 and step S202 in hole.
Step S201 determines face angle and phase according to what the phase angular region in the crack was arranged that each perforation determines face
Two adjacent perforations determine the stagger angle between face.
In embodiments of the present invention, the face angle of determining that each perforation determines face can be set to identical value, can also be according to need
It is set as different value.In embodiments of the present invention, the stagger angle that the adjacent perforation of any two is determined between face can be set to
Identical value also can according to need and be set as different value.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the face of determining that each perforation determines face presss from both sides
Angle is equal, and the stagger angle that the adjacent perforation of any two is determined between face is equal.
In embodiments of the present invention, using it is multiple it is staggered determine face to carry out perforation when, need to determine face to perforation to determine
The stagger angle that face angle and two adjacent perforations are determined between face is configured, and then is determined face to multi-openings and arranged
Column.The alternate angle that face angle and two adjacent perforations are determined between face of determining that perforation determines face in the present invention is according to desired
The crack phase angular region in nearly pit shaft crack be arranged.When crack phase angular region is larger, such as nearly pit shaft
360 ° of crosscutting cracks, the phase angular region in crack are 0 ° to 360 °, determine the slightly larger example determining face angle and can be set in face at this time
Such as 60 ° or 90 °, two adjacent at this time perforations determine slightly larger such as setting that the alternate angle between face also can be set at 60 °
To between 120 °.It and is that 30 ° to 150 ° nearly pit shafts determine angle when crack phase angular region is smaller, such as phase angular region
The phase angular region in crosscutting crack, crack is smaller, determine at this time face determine that face angle can be set smaller be for example set as 30 °
Or 45 °, what two adjacent at this time perforations determined that the alternate angle between face is also required to setting smaller is for example set as 10 ° to 30 °
Between.
In embodiments of the present invention, perforation determine face determine face angle and two adjacent perforations determine between face staggeredly
Angle is according to the crack phase angular region in desired nearly pit shaft crack come what is be arranged, and on the whole, crack phase angular region is bigger
Determine face determine face angle and two adjacent perforations determine the bigger of alternate angle setting between face, crack phase angular region is smaller
Determine face determine face angle and two adjacent perforations determine the alternate angle between face be respectively provided with it is smaller.Furthermore perforation determines determining for face
The setting that face angle and two adjacent perforations determine the alternate angle between face is also needed in view of actual engine request, because
For when determine face angle and alternate angle setting it is smaller when, cover determine needed for certain phase angular region face quantity it is more, this
It just will increase perforation cost, therefore the setting for determining face angle and alternate angle of the invention needs to comprehensively consider desired nearly pit shaft and splits
Seam and actual engine request.
In embodiments of the present invention, the face angle of determining for determining face can according to need 30 °, 45 °, 60 ° or 90 ° of selection.It is adjacent
Two perforations determine the stagger angle between face value range be greater than 0 less than twice determine face determine face angle.
In embodiments of the present invention, the adjacent perforation of any two determine the distance between face can be equal, can also be according to need
It is set as unequal.The adjacent distance determined between face is determined that the value range of neighbor distance is big by actual engine request
It is less than or equal to 300 millimeters in being equal to 150 millimeters.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the adjacent perforation of any two is determined between face
Distance is set as equal.
Step S202 determines face angle and the stagger angle the multiple perforation of arranging and determines face, so that institute according to described
It states multi-openings and determines the phase angular region that the phase angular region that face covers includes the crack.
In an embodiment of the present invention, determine each perforation determine face determine face angle after, perforation determines the angle that face is covered
Degree just has determined that.After determining that adjacent two determine the alternate angle between face, adjacent two positional relationships for determining face can also be determined substantially.It needs
It is noted that determining face alternate angle indicates the adjacent angle determined between kept man of a noblewoman's launch hole, for the same alternate angle, can occur
Two different positional relationships for determining face, i.e., for the same alternate angle, the second starting perforation for determining face can determine face first
Starting perforation two sides.For example, the first phase angular region for determining face is 50 ° to 170 ° when alternate angle is set as 30 °
When, the second phase angle for determining face may range from 20 ° to 140 ° or 80 ° to 200 °.It can be seen that the present invention is determining face
After angle and alternate angle, perforation determine face arrangement mode can there are many kinds of, perforation is being determined to need when face arranges it is full
The phase angular region that all perforations being arranged enough determine face covering will include living the phase angular region in crack, and each perforation determines face
Phase angular region is at least partly overlapped with the phase angular region in crack.
In embodiments of the present invention, perforation determine face arrangement mode can there are many, such as along the clockwise direction of pit shaft
Or it is counterclockwise arranged successively, along the clockwise and counterclockwise mixing arrangement of pit shaft, the phase angle model in crack
It encloses interior W-shaped or V-arrangement to be staggered, specific arrangement mode can be determined by actual engine request.
In alternative embodiment of the invention, the arrangement that all perforations determine face can be with are as follows: each perforation determines the of face
Projection of one perforation on the cross section perpendicular to pit shaft axis is arranged successively along the circumferential direction of pit shaft, as shown in figure 8, all
Face of determining be arranged successively along the circumferential direction of pit shaft, form spiral unidirectionally around the arrangement mode of pit shaft, this arrangement mode can be with
It applies well in 360 ° of crosscutting cracks of nearly pit shaft.
In alternative embodiment of the invention, the arrangement that the perforation of setting determines face can be with are as follows: the perforation of all settings determines face
In a part of perforation determine projection of first perforation in face on the cross section perpendicular to pit shaft axis along the up time of pit shaft
Needle direction is arranged successively, some perforation determines projection of first perforation in face on the cross section perpendicular to pit shaft axis
Be arranged successively along the counter clockwise direction of pit shaft, W-shaped arrangement mode as shown in figure 11, this arrangement mode determine face not and be along
The same circumferential direction of pit shaft is arranged successively, but in the clockwise and counterclockwise two-way arrangement of pit shaft, that is, determine face arrangement
At least there is primary turn to.This arrangement mode equally has diversified forms, and the W-shaped arrangement of Figure 11 is only one of implements
Example, such as the arrangement modes such as V-arrangement, M shape, N shape are also the arrangement mode that can be used according to actual needs.
The present invention also being tested based on the nearly pit shaft method for controlling crack for staggeredly determining face perforation to proposition, is given
Following examples:
Embodiment one, control form 360 ° of crosscutting cracks of nearly pit shaft
It is good for geological conditions, change of pitch angle is smaller, the biggish unconventional oil and gas reservoir of thickness, pit shaft axis generally with
Reservoir center line is close or is overlapped, as shown in Figure 5.At this time it is generally desirable to form the crosscutting main seam of vertical bore axial direction, to subtract
Slow near-wellbore effect controls close expand far.Deep penetrating perforating DP44RDX38-1 perforating bullet is used at this time, is taken and is determined face angle+alternate angle and be
60 ° of+30 ° of combinations.As shown in figure 8, each determine face using spiral unidirectionally around pit shaft arrangement method, this target may be implemented, such as
Shown in Fig. 9 and Figure 10, when perforation detonation is adjacent determine face can be by the crosscutting crack connection of diamond shape and 360 ° around pit shaft one week, in this way
In subsequent pressure break, these 360 ° of crosscutting cracks of nearly pit shaft are easier to extension and develop into the crosscutting main seam of large size for surrounding pit shaft.
Embodiment two, control form nearly pit shaft and determine the crosscutting crack of angle
It is special for geological conditions, change of pitch angle is larger or has the unconventional oil and gas reservoir of special engineering demand, pit shaft
Axis passes through above or below reservoir sometimes, as shown in Figure 6.It is generally desirable to cracks to be more partial to reservoir side hair at this time
It educates, to utilize hydraulic energy to greatest extent, improves production capacity.Deep penetrating perforating DP44RDX38-1 perforating bullet is used at this time, and it is fixed to take
Face angle+alternate angle is 60 ° of+30 ° of combinations.As shown in figure 11, the method determined face and can use W-shaped two-way arrangement each at this time, can
To realize this target, as shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13, when perforation detonation is adjacent determine face can by the crosscutting crack connection of diamond shape and
Pit shaft side twists according to W-shaped, forms nearly pit shaft and determines the crosscutting crack of angle, in this way in subsequent pressure break, nearly pit shaft determines angle
It spends crosscutting crack and is easier to the crosscutting main seam of large size that extension develops into the certain circumferential angle of control of deviation pit shaft side.
Embodiment three, control form nearly pit shaft seam net
Poor thin layer, oil-gas Layer containing edge-bottom water, Water Flooding Layer etc. are difficult to carry out the unconventional oil and gas of extensive hydraulic fracturing
Reservoir, it is often desirable that directly obtain bigger drainage area on the borehole wall by perforation, reduce reservoir fracture pressure, form nearly well
Cylinder seam net.At this time use large aperture GH46RDX43-1 perforating bullet, take determine face angle+alternate angle be 60 °+30 ° combination, it is each to determine face
Using spiral as shown in Figure 8 unidirectionally around pit shaft arrangement method, this target may be implemented.Due to perforation under the perforating parameter
Bullet is closer, and energy release is concentrated, and nearly near wellbore rock can be chipping in perforation detonation, to directly form nearly well
Cylinder seam net.
Example IV, control form the nearly multidirectional crosscutting crack of pit shaft
As shown in fig. 7, the unconventional oil and gas reservoir violent for complex geologic conditions, change of pitch angle, pit shaft axis is often
It being difficult to accurately run through reservoir, is often partial to reservoir side or is pierced by, it is often desirable that main seam propagation direction " can closely follow " reservoir position,
Wish to form the crosscutting main seam of vertical bore axial direction in the well section that pit shaft axis is approached or is overlapped with reservoir center line, in pit shaft axis
The well section that line is biased to above or below reservoir wishes that the development of reservoir side is more partial in crack.Therefore in the different wells of reservoir
Section is wanted to form the crosscutting main seam of different angle.Deep penetrating perforating DP44RDX38-1 perforating bullet can be used at this time, taken and determined face folder
Angle+alternate angle is 60 ° of+30 ° of combinations.As shown in figure 14, at this time can according to reservoir different well sections actual conditions, according to storage
The mixing of layer position is unidirectionally arranged using spiral and the two-way arrangement method of M shape, realizes the crosscutting crack of the control more well section positions of reservoir
It is formed.
From the above, it can be seen that the present invention by the basis of normal predetermined surface perforation introduce determine face alternate angle this
Perforating parameter makes it while having to contact close easily formation interconnected fracture and adjacent perforation connection between determining face with perforation in certain face
It is close easily to form interconnected fracture double dominant, by adjusting perforating bullet model and determine face angle and alternate angle combines and can promote shape
It is final efficient to enhance manually to the control ability of nearly pit shaft crack connection extension at specific hole week fracture pattern
Fracturing reform establishes good basis.
It should be noted that certain steps shown in the flowchart of the accompanying drawings can be in the executable finger of such as one group of computer
It is executed in the computer system of order, although also, logical order is shown in flow charts, and it in some cases, can be with
The steps shown or described are performed in an order that is different from the one herein.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, made any to repair
Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of based on the nearly pit shaft method for controlling crack for staggeredly determining face perforation characterized by comprising
The nearly pit shaft crack to be formed is determined according to the geological conditions of reservoir, and the nearly pit shaft crack to be formed includes: crack
Phase angular region and types of fractures；
Multi-openings are set according to the phase angular region in the crack and determine face, wherein two adjacent perforations are determined face in parallel and handed over
Mistake setting, the phase angular region that each perforation determines face is at least partly overlapped with the phase angular region in the crack, the multiple to penetrate
Determine the phase angular region that the phase angular region that face covers includes the crack in hole；
Corresponding perforating bullet is determined according to the types of fractures；
Face is determined according to the perforating bullet and the multiple perforation and carries out perforation, to control the formation in nearly pit shaft crack.
2. according to claim 1 based on the nearly pit shaft method for controlling crack for staggeredly determining face perforation, which is characterized in that described
Multi-openings are set according to the phase angular region in the crack and determine face, comprising:
Each perforation is set according to the phase angular region in the crack and determines the determining described in face angle and adjacent two of face
Perforation determines the stagger angle between face；
Determine face angle and the stagger angle the multiple perforation of arranging according to described and determine face, so that the multiple perforation determines face
The phase angular region of covering includes the phase angular region in the crack.
3. according to claim 2 based on the nearly pit shaft method for controlling crack for staggeredly determining face perforation, which is characterized in that described
Determine face angle and the stagger angle the multiple perforation of arranging according to described and determine face, comprising:
Each perforation determines projection of first perforation in face on the cross section perpendicular to pit shaft axis along the week of pit shaft
To being arranged successively.
4. according to claim 2 based on the nearly pit shaft method for controlling crack for staggeredly determining face perforation, which is characterized in that described
Determine face angle and the stagger angle the multiple perforation of arranging according to described and determine face, comprising:
The multiple perforation determines the partial completion in face and determines first perforation in face on the cross section perpendicular to pit shaft axis
Projection is arranged successively along the clockwise direction of pit shaft, and the multiple perforation determines first that another part perforation in face determines face
Projection of the perforation on the cross section perpendicular to pit shaft axis is arranged successively along the counter clockwise direction of pit shaft.
5. according to claim 1 based on the nearly pit shaft method for controlling crack for staggeredly determining face perforation, which is characterized in that described
Types of fractures includes: crosscutting crack and seam net；
It is described to determine that corresponding perforating bullet includes: according to the types of fractures
When the types of fractures is crosscutting crack, deep penetrating charge is selected；
When the types of fractures is seam net, big hole perforator is selected.
6. according to claim 1 based on the nearly pit shaft method for controlling crack for staggeredly determining face perforation, which is characterized in that described
The nearly pit shaft crack to be formed includes: that crack seam is high；
It is described to determine that corresponding perforating bullet includes: according to the types of fractures
According to the types of fractures and the high determining perforating bullet of crack seam.
7. according to claim 1 based on the nearly pit shaft method for controlling crack for staggeredly determining face perforation, which is characterized in that each
The perforation determine face to determine face angle equal.
8. according to claim 1 based on the nearly pit shaft method for controlling crack for staggeredly determining face perforation, which is characterized in that any
The stagger angle that two adjacent perforations are determined between face is equal.
9. according to claim 1 based on the nearly pit shaft method for controlling crack for staggeredly determining face perforation, which is characterized in that any
Two adjacent perforations determine being equidistant between face.
10. according to claim 1 based on the nearly pit shaft method for controlling crack for staggeredly determining face perforation, which is characterized in that appoint
The value range that two adjacent perforations of anticipating determine the distance between face is to be less than or equal to 300 millimeters more than or equal to 150 millimeters.
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