CN110126302A - The foam device and tinuous production and production method of fiber forced foamed composite material - Google Patents

The foam device and tinuous production and production method of fiber forced foamed composite material Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110126302A
CN110126302A CN201910431689.6A CN201910431689A CN110126302A CN 110126302 A CN110126302 A CN 110126302A CN 201910431689 A CN201910431689 A CN 201910431689A CN 110126302 A CN110126302 A CN 110126302A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
composite material
glue
channel
infiltration
shaping mould
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Granted
Application number
CN201910431689.6A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN110126302B (en
Inventor
俞学良
朱旭华
许嘉浚
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Huzhou Shouzhen New Material Technology Co Ltd
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Huzhou Shouzhen New Material Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201910431689.6A priority Critical patent/CN110126302B/en
Publication of CN110126302A publication Critical patent/CN110126302A/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
    • B29C44/02—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
    • B29C44/02—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C44/04—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles consisting of at least two parts of chemically or physically different materials, e.g. having different densities
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
    • B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
    • B29C44/3415—Heating or cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
    • B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
    • B29C44/35—Component parts; Details or accessories
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
    • B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
    • B29C44/36—Feeding the material to be shaped
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
    • B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
    • B29C44/36—Feeding the material to be shaped
    • B29C44/38—Feeding the material to be shaped into a closed space, i.e. to make articles of definite length
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
    • B29C70/34—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/54—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of foam device and tinuous production and method for producing fiber forced foamed composite material includes distribution frame, glue-injection box, foam device, shaping mould and traction device, and distribution frame is for making fibrous material carry out spatial distribution according to design requirement；Glue-injection box includes infiltration channel, glue injection channel and tapping channel, multiple infiltration channels and glue injection channel are set on glue-injection box, foam device is arranged in tunnel structure, one end is connected to the other end with glue-injection box and is connected to shaping mould, the air supply device that glue-injection box is arranged close to foam device side is provided with heating device on shaping mould.Fibrous material is by being become composite material precursors after the liquid matrix material infiltration for injecting infiltration channel via glue injection channel while infiltration channel, composite material precursors, which enter to enter in shaping mould after progress prefoam in foam device after tapping channel, to be foamed completely and solidifies or shape, and final composite products are formed.Can also be by the way that different fibers and/or liquid matrix material be infiltrated to form different composite material precursors in different infiltration channels, so that the material composition of the different parts of the composite material of final molding is different, function is different, and performance is different.

Description

The foam device and tinuous production and production method of fiber forced foamed composite material
Technical field
The present invention relates to composite material pultrusion technical fields, and in particular to a kind of fiber forced foamed composite material Foam device and tinuous production and production method.
Background technique
Composite material is the material with obvious split-phase feature that two kinds or more of material is mixed to form, form and property It can be different from the individual material of any of which, main component is basis material and reinforcing material, and wherein fiber is most often Reinforcing material.Usual composite material refers to the material in final form after molding, and basis material and strengthening material The material of form after material mixing before final molding is referred to as composite material precursors.
Continuous fiber reinforcement foam composite material can either give full play to the strength advantage of fiber, can reduce composite wood The density of material is a kind of composite material of low-density and high-strength, has broad application prospects, such as replaces timber production pillow Wood, sash, building floor and enclosed structure, plank road plate etc..Patent (application number: 200610103934.3) discloses one kind Glass fiber reinforced polyester urethane composite material crosstie and its manufacturing equipment and manufacturing method, still, the method that this technique uses It is that the mode being ejected into liquid matrix material i.e. polyurethane resin on glass fibre carrys out sized glass fibres formation composite material Precursor, then composite material precursors is made to be cured as composite material as mold enters drying tunnel；This method is freely sent out similar to continuous slab The technique of bubble has several problems that can not solve: 1, it is filled due to relying solely on composite material precursors free foaming in shaping mould Die cavity realizes the distribution of fiber in the composite, can not position fiber according to the spatial position of design, this just can not According to the distributing position of stress distribution design fiber, the humidification of fiber is played to greatest extent, and it is multiple can not also to manufacture shape Miscellaneous product；2. being difficult rapidly to soak fiber due to carrying out wetting fibre by the method on injection liquid matrix material to fiber Thoroughly, it thus will affect the boundary strength between basis material and fibrous material, it is final to influence to be fully extended, it is difficult to realize controllable Distribution, the product thickness of manufacture are restricted, while being carried out controllably without special foam device to product in the prior art The process of foaming and sizing is generally completed in prefoam directly in shaping mould, so that continuous production is difficult to realize, above-mentioned reason system The about performance of this composite material；Meanwhile this method is also difficult rapidly disposably to be impregnated with a large amount of fiber, so being difficult Manufacture large-sized composite material；3. mold is complicated, investment is big.The prior art needs to improve.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the invention proposes a kind of tinuous production of fiber forced foamed composite material, Fibrous material is distributed in advance by distribution frame, then fibrous material passes sequentially through glue-injection box, foam device and molding die, Glue-injection box makes liquid matrix material rapidly and is sufficiently infiltrated up in fibrous material, and foam device makes liquid matrix material foam in advance Then it enters back into molding die and completes sufficiently foaming, guarantee the fibrous material in final molding composite material according to the position of design It sets and is distributed and is fully extended.
In order to achieve the above objectives, technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of tinuous production of fiber forced foamed composite material, comprising:
Distribution frame 1, for will be entered in glue-injection box by the fibrous material of distribution frame 1 by distribution；
Glue-injection box 2 enters infiltration including the infiltration channel 21 infiltrated for fibrous material and for liquid matrix material Glue injection channel 22 in channel 21, the infiltration channel 21 include for the feed inlet 211 of fibrous material entrance and for supplying The discharge port 212 that the composite material precursors that liquid matrix material impregnated fiber material is formed pass through, the area of the feed inlet 211 More than or equal to the area of the discharge port 212；
Foam device 3, the foam device 3 are equipped with the foam chamber continuously penetrated through；One end of the foam device 3 with it is described The discharge port 212 of glue-injection box 2 is correspondingly arranged or connects, and the other end is correspondingly arranged or connect with shaping mould 4, composite material precursors warp Discharge port 212 enters foam device 3, and prefoam is completed in the foam device 3, the 3 length L≤s*t of foam device, Wherein s is the speed that the composite material precursors advance, and t is that the composite material precursors start to send out in the foam device 3 Bubble is expanded into the time for stopping expansion；
Shaping mould 4, for after the foamed device 3 of composite material precursors, into the shaping mould 4 in solidify or setting, Form final composite material；
Traction device 8, composite material by traction device 8 pull out molding after solidifying or shape in the shaping mould 4 Mould 4.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, first fibrous material is passed through before fibrous material is by the infiltration of liquid matrix material Distribution frame is arranged evenly in space, forms required fibre space arrangement shape and spatial distribution position, fibrous material and enters It infiltrates in channel, liquid matrix material is by glue injection channel injection infiltration channel, fibrous material is through infiltration channel by liquid State basis material infiltrates to form composite material precursors, subsequently into prefoam is carried out in foam device, subsequently into shaping mould It being foamed completely and solidifies or shape, the area for infiltrating the feed inlet in channel is greater than or equal to the area of discharge port, so that The internal pressure for infiltrating liquid matrix material in channel increases, and makes the composite fiber material and liquid matrix material of final molding It is sufficiently infiltrated between material, guarantees that the fibrous material in final molding composite material is distributed and is fully extended according to design.
Further, the distribution frame includes distribution grid, is offered on the distribution grid through distribution grid for fibre The distribution hole that dimension material passes through, the distribution hole are in poroid or gap-like, and fibrous material passes through all or part of distribution hole simultaneously Complete the distribution of fibrous material spatially.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, fibre is can be adjusted by adjusting the distribution hole site that fibrous material is worn in operator Distribution of the material in composite material is tieed up, guarantees that distribution does not change inside the fibrous material in composite material.Work as distribution hole When being poroid, it is suitable for wearing fiber wire material, when distribution hole is gap-like, is suitable for fabric and passes through, and can With by the shape for changing item seam, such as arc-shaped, polyline shaped, can make fabric by it is planar change into circular arc planar or Broken line planar further adjusts the structure of fabric in the composite, adjusts the structure and performance indicator of composite material.Together When, the distribution arranged by distribution hole changes distribution of the fibrous material in composite cross-sections, can be and be uniformly distributed, It can also be distributed by different shape, can also further adjust the structure and property of composite material in the density difference of different location It can index.
Further, the infiltration channel is greater than the face of the discharge port for the area of continuous passage and the feed inlet Product；Or the infiltration channel 21 be continuous passage and its cross section from the feed inlet 211 to 212 direction of discharge port gradually Reduce or reduces in stepped；Or infiltration channel is gradually reduced close to the cross section of the part of discharge port side.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, increase the internal pressure of liquid matrix, guarantees that infiltration is abundant.
Further, the height of the discharge port is less than or equal to 20mm.To control single infiltration channel come out it is compound The thickness of material, it is ensured that composite material is easy to heat and be heated evenly, it is ensured that the efficiency of subsequent foaming.
Further, 21 inner wall of infiltration channel is additionally provided with diversion trench 221, and the diversion trench 221 is along the infiltration The cross section of the inner wall in channel 21 is arranged circumferentially.
Further, the glue injection channel 22 is vertical passageway 222, and the vertical passageway 222 is arranged in the feed inlet Between 211 and discharge port 212 and through infiltration channel 21, the diversion trench 221 is connected with vertical passageway 222.
Further, there is at least two in the infiltration channel 21 in the glue-injection box 2, and all infiltration channels 21 with it is described Glue injection channel 22 is connected；Alternatively, the quantity of the glue injection channel 22 with infiltration the quantity in channel it is consistent, and respectively with it is corresponding Channel 21 is infiltrated to be connected to.
Further, the foam device 3 further includes the heating device 6 having for liquid matrix foaming materials, described to add Thermal 6 includes the one or more of heated air circulation device, microwave heating equipment, electromagnetic heater and infrared heating device Combination.
Further, the glue-injection box 2 is provided with air supply device 5, the air-supply dress close to the side of the foam device 3 Setting 5 includes blower 52 and the air supply tube 54 that is connected to the blower 52, and the air supply tube 54 is sent into the foam device 3 Wind.
Further, when the infiltration channel 21 in the glue-injection box 2 is two or more, the setting of air supply tube 54 exists Between two adjacent discharge ports 212, the air supply tube 54 is positioned close to the side of discharge port 212, and the air supply tube 54 is towards separate 212 side of discharge port offers the first air outlet 541, for before the composite material that two adjacent discharge ports 212 come out It blows between body.
Further, the air supply tube 54 is towards far from 212 side of discharge port and the composite wood from discharge port 212 out The direction of advance of material precursor offers one or more the second air outlet 542 in 10 °~90 ° angles, is used for towards described multiple Condensation material precursor is blown.
Further, the tinuous production of the fiber forced foamed composite material further include one be set to foam device with Sirocco reclamation cover between shaping mould further includes and hot wind for recycling the hot wind being discharged from foam device outlet section Reclaiming cover connection blast pipe 53 and for make blast pipe 53 close to 4 one end of shaping mould generate negative pressure blower 52, the air inlet 53 other end of pipe is connected to the air supply device 5, and the air in shaping mould 4 enters air supply device 5 after the recycling of blast pipe 53, most It is discharged by air supply tube 54.
Further, it is provided with overlay film component 7 between the foam device 3 and the shaping mould 4, be used for band-like film 72 surfaces for being attached to composite material precursors enter in the shaping mould (4) with composite material precursors；And/or fabric is adhered to Enter in the shaping mould (4) on the surface of composite material precursors with composite material precursors；The effect done so, being can be very square Just by the combination with one or more of decoration functions, weather-proof function, wear-resisting functions, flame retarding function, demoulding functions Film laminated on the surface of composite material, meet its work requirements；It is also possible to use multiple overlay film components by multiple or The a variety of Film laminateds of person are on the surface of composite material；Further, fabric individually or can also be placed in multiple with overlay film component It is compounded in composite material surface between condensation material precursor and film, supplements the function of composite material or hanging down for reinforced composites Intensity, that is, the transverse strength in the straight direction Yu Xianwei.
Further, the overlay film component 7 includes roll body 71 of one or more rotation setting, on the roll body 71 It is wound with band-like film or fabric or is mounted with coiled band-like film or fabric.
The present invention also provides a kind of continuous producing methods of fiber forced foamed composite material, with any of the above-described use It is manufactured in the tinuous production of fiber forced foamed composite material, and includes following steps:
The infiltration that S1, fibrous material enter the glue-injection box 2 after the distribution frame 1 is according to design distribution, positioning is logical In road 21；
S2, liquid matrix material are entered in glue-injection box 2 by the glue injection channel 22, and fibrous material passes through infiltration channel 21 While impregnated by liquid matrix material to form composite material precursors after by discharge port 212 enter foam device 3, shaping mould 4 In the prefoam section that gap or shaping mould 4 between glue-injection box 2 are equipped with；
The gap or prefoam of S3, the composite material precursors between the foam device 3, shaping mould 4 and glue-injection box 2 Section
Interior carry out prefoam, the expansion of liquid matrix material, and when foaming stopping or halt into shaping mould 4 or molding Mould 4
The molding mold segment being equipped with；
S4, the composite material are completed sufficiently to foam and solidify or shape in the shaping mould 4 or molding mold segment；
S5, composite material after molding are drawn away from shaping mould 4 through traction device 8, and in the process, glue-injection box 2 into The fibrous material that 211 side of material mouth comes through distribution frame 1 is continuously into glue-injection box 2.
Further, the S5 further includes having: band-like film 72 or fabric are compounded in composite material precursors Surface enters in the shaping mould 4 with composite material precursors.Further, the infiltration channel 21 in the glue-injection box 2 has at least 2, the glue injection channel 22 is connected to corresponding infiltration channel 21 respectively；In the S2, different types of liquid matrix material Material is injected by different glue injection channels 22 in different infiltration channels 21.
Further, wherein in the S3, the composite material precursors is heated in the foam device 3, are added The foaming process of the speed composite material, the heating method includes blowing hot-air, microwave heating, electromagnetic heating, infrared heating One or more kinds of combinations.
Further, wherein in the S3, using the first air outlet 541 and the second air outlet set on air supply tube 54 One or more of 542 combination send hot wind to accelerate its foaming process in composite material.
Further, in S2, the liquid matrix material of unlike material or different formulations is passed through into the glue injection channel 22 Into in the different infiltration channels in glue-injection box 2.
Invention additionally discloses a kind of fiber forced foamed composite material, the composite material passes through any of the above-described use It manufactures in the tinuous production of fiber forced foamed composite material, or is manufactured by any of the above-described method, including The composite material formed by fibrous material and liquid matrix material.Further, the fibrous material include inorfil, it is organic One or more combinations of polymer fiber, metallic fiber, natural fiber, the inorfil includes glass fibre, profound One or more combinations of military rock fiber, carbon fiber；The organic polymer fiber include polyester fiber, Kevlar fiber, One kind of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, Fypro, vinal, polyvinyl chloride fibre, polypropylene cyanogen fiber Or a variety of combination；The metallic fiber includes one or more combinations of steel fibre, aluminum fiber, copper fiber；It is described natural Fiber includes flax fiber, ramee, sisal fiber, tossa, bamboo fibre, group one or more in cotton fiber It closes.
Further, the liquid matrix includes one of organic polymer resin, inorganic coagulation material, two kinds or more One of kind combination or inorganic coagulation material, metal material, combination of two or more；The wherein inorganic coagulation material packet Include one or more combinations of cement, magnesia, gypsum；The metal material includes aluminium and its alloy, magnesium and its alloy One or more combinations；The organic polymer resin includes thermosetting resin, thermoplastic resin；The thermosetting resin packet Include one kind or more of polyurethane resin, epoxy resin, phenolic resin, unsaturated polyester resin, vinylite, cyanate ester resin The combination of kind.
Further, weight ratio of the liquid matrix in the composite material is 15%~65%.
Further, the liquid matrix also contains lubricant or inner pattern releasing agent applicable.
Further, the composite material also includes fabric, the fabric include fiber cloth, chopped mat, One or more kinds of combinations of continuous felt, needled mat, stitch-bonded felt, Nomex.
Further, the surface of the composite material also include film layer with decoration functions or defencive function or Person's fiber fabric layer.
Further, the outer layer of the composite material is made of fibrous material and weatherability resin, the weather-proof resin packet Include one of aliphatic polyurethane resin, acrylic resin, fluorocarbon resin or a variety of combinations.
The application for the fiber forced foamed composite material that the present invention also provides a kind of as described in any of the above-described is applied to railway Sleeper, plank road plate, house enclosed structure, highway anti-collision guardrail, door and window curtain wall frame section, ship deck, enclosure board, floats at floor Bridge plate.
The present invention also provides a kind of foam devices, for the preparation of fiber forced foamed composite material, the foam device 3 Equipped with the foam chamber continuously penetrated through, one end is feed end, and the other end is discharge end, and composite material enters foaming dress through feed end It sets in 3 foam chamber, and completes prefoam in the foam device 3, the 3 length L≤s*t of foam device, wherein s is institute The speed of composite material advance is stated, t is that the composite material starts foaming and intumescing to stopping expansion in the foam device 3 Time.
Through the above technical solutions, blower simplifies the air feed structure of air supply tube, just by supervisor's more air supply tubes of supply It in implementation, while can blow respectively to multilayer materials precursor, improve heating efficiency, accelerate foaming, also just improve Production efficiency.
By using the technical solution of above-mentioned the first air outlet of setting, air supply tube is arranged between two adjacent tapping channels And air-supply, the air-flow of the first air outlet blowout shape between two adjacent laminar composite precursors are implemented by the first air outlet At thermal current, make the composite material precursors fast foaming of stratiform, avoids conducting heat and leading slowly since single layer composite precursor is blocked up Cause was foamed slowly, the relatively low problem of production efficiency.
By using the technical solution of above-mentioned the second air outlet of setting, two the second air outlets being oppositely arranged are along the vertical direction Or it blows, on the one hand supported by thermal current and is separated before the composite material that discharge port pulls out towards composite material precursors Body prematurely bonds after avoiding them from going out discharge port, influences thermal efficiency, and another aspect thermal current and composite material precursors are straight Contact improves heating efficiency, and when the fiber contained in composite material precursors is entirely yarn pencil, thermal current even can Keep it heated more sufficiently to penetrate composite material precursors, can thus promote the foamable reaction of liquid matrix material, reduce pre- Time needed for foaming, improve production efficiency.
By using the technical solution of above-mentioned second air outlet, the composite material precursors pulled out from discharge port can also be prevented In liquid matrix material flow hang over discharge port and accumulate, finally block discharge port.
By adopting the above technical scheme, the blast pipe on fan housing can also be collected by the hot wind for being placed in shaping mould entrance to pass through The hot wind that air supply tube in foam device is blown out is extracted and be conveyed to axial flow blower out air supply tube, improves foam device and generates heat Utilization rate reduces the production energy consumption of equipment.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, will can easily have decoration functions, weather-proof function, wear-resisting functions, resistance The combined Film laminated of one or more of function, demoulding functions is fired on the surface of composite material, meets its work need It asks；It is also possible to use multiple overlay film components are by multiple or a variety of Film laminateds on the surface of composite material；Further Fabric individually or can also be placed between composite material precursors and film with overlay film component and be compounded in composite material table by ground Face supplements the function of composite material or the intensity perpendicular to the machine direction i.e. transverse strength of reinforced composites.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, the continuous production of composite material is realized.
It should be noted that in the present invention, fibrous material and the mixed material of liquid matrix material are referred to as multiple Condensation material is to compose a piece of writing for convenience, habitual to be known as the composite material before being fully cured or being formed " again in practical industry Condensation material precursor ", and it is known as " composite material " for the product after solidifying or being formed is completed.
Detailed description of the invention
It to describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, below will be to embodiment or description of the prior art Needed in attached drawing be briefly described.
Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of fiber forced foamed composite continuous production line；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of distribution frame；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of glue-injection box；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of internal structure of glue-injection box；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of internal structure of glue-injection box, is mainly used for showing the structure of glue injection channel；
Fig. 6 is the partial enlarged view at glue-injection box A, is mainly used for embodying the cross section structure of hole for injecting glue；
Fig. 7 is the partial enlarged view at glue-injection box B, is mainly used for embodying the cross section structure of air supply tube；
Fig. 8 is the flow sheet of composite material.
In figure: 1, distribution frame；11, frame body；12, distribution grid；13, distribution hole；2, glue-injection box；21, channel is infiltrated；211, into Material mouth；212, discharge port；22, glue injection channel；221, vertical passageway；222, diversion trench；3, foam device；4, shaping mould；5, it send Wind apparatus；51, it is responsible for；52, blower；53, blast pipe；54, air supply tube；541, the first air outlet；542, the second air outlet；6, add Thermal；7, overlay film component；71, roll body；72, band-like film；8, traction device.
Specific embodiment
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In order to achieve the object of the present invention, following technical scheme can be used, as shown in Figure 1, a kind of fiber forced foamed The tinuous production of composite material, comprising:
Distribution frame 1, for will be entered in glue-injection box by the fibrous material of distribution frame 1 by distribution.
Glue-injection box 2 enters infiltration including the infiltration channel 21 infiltrated for fibrous material and for liquid matrix material Glue injection channel 22 in channel 21, the infiltration channel 21 include for the feed inlet 211 of fibrous material entrance and for supplying The discharge port 212 that the composite material that liquid matrix material impregnated fiber material is formed passes through, the area of the feed inlet 211 are greater than Or the area equal to the discharge port 212.The infiltration channel (21) is continuous passage, and the area of the feed inlet (211) Greater than the area of the discharge port (212)；Or the infiltration channel (21) is continuous passage, and its cross section is by the feed inlet (211) Xiang Suoshu discharge port (212) direction is gradually reduced or reduces in stepped；Or infiltration channel is close to the portion of discharge port side The cross section divided is gradually reduced.In general, the cross section in each infiltration channel is linear or non-from feed inlet end to discharge port end Linear reduction, the cross section for infiltrating channel generally can be set to rectangle and (if necessary to may be other shapes, such as justify Shape, W type or the cross-sectional shape close to final products), the variation of cross section either rectangular elevation size variation, It is also possible to the variation of rectangular broad size, is also possible to height and width direction while all doing change；Its technical effect is that During fibrous material advances in infiltrating channel and infiltrated by liquid matrix material into composite material precursors, with cross section Product is smaller and smaller, and the interior pressure in composite material precursors is higher and higher, and liquid matrix material can rapidly permeate into fibrous material Between, the bubble between fiber is squeezed out, rapid sufficient effect of impregnation is reached；Meanwhile when the cross section in infiltration channel is in line Property reduce when, by distribution frame fibrous material can be close to infiltration channel inner wall be distributed, can thus pass through in fiber While constantly will be attached to infiltration vias inner walls liquid matrix material take away, make liquid matrix material be unlikely to be deposited on On the inner wall for infiltrating channel, production shutdown or quality problems are caused in cumulative last blocking infiltration channel, this is for quick Cured liquid matrix material such as polyurethane resin is especially necessary.
Foam device 3, the foam device 3 are equipped with the foam chamber continuously penetrated through；One end of the foam device 3 with it is described The discharge port 212 of glue-injection box 2 is correspondingly arranged or connects, and the other end is correspondingly arranged or connect with shaping mould 4, and composite material is through discharging Mouth 212 enters foam device 3, and prefoam is completed in the foam device 3, the 3 length L≤s*t of foam device, wherein S is the speed that the composite material advances, and t is that the composite material starts foaming and intumescing to stopping in the foam device 3 The time of expansion；L substantially refers to the length of foam chamber.
Shaping mould 4, for after the foamed device 3 of composite material, into the shaping mould 4 in solidify or setting.
Traction device 8, composite material by traction device 8 pull out molding after solidifying or shape in the shaping mould 4 Mould 4.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, fibrous material is realized by distribution frame 1 according to the arrangement of distribution hole in space It is arranged evenly, required spatial arrangement shape and spatial distribution position are formed, then fibrous material enters in infiltration channel 21, liquid State basis material is by the injection infiltration of glue injection channel 22 channel, liquid matrix material wetting fibre material, fibrous material is mixed Liquid matrix material forms composite material precursors, and composite material precursors carry out after passing through infiltration channel 21 into foam device 3 is interior After prefoam, then composite material precursors enter in shaping mould 4 and are foamed completely and solidify or shape, and are formed final compound Material product.The area for infiltrating the feed inlet 211 in channel 21 is greater than or equal to the area of discharge port 212, so that infiltration channel 21 The internal pressure of interior liquid matrix material increases, make liquid matrix material rapidly, be sufficiently wet fibrous material, guarantee finally at Fibrous material in type composite material is distributed and is fully extended according to design idea, to be able to play fibre to the maximum extent The humidification for tieing up material, the composite material after being formed or solidify by the continuous traction of traction device 8, realizes composite material Continuous production.The invention make fibrous material before being infiltrated on demand be distributed after, into glue-injection box and liquid matrix Material, which sufficiently infiltrates, is mixed into composite material precursors, then enters back into foam device and carries out incomplete foamable reaction, when reaction Between be t, this t be greater than zero, but equal to less than composite material precursors in the foam device 3 just complete foaming, stop it is swollen Swollen time T.It is generally desirable to the numerical value of L be arranged, so that time of the composite material precursors in the foam device 3 is small In T value, entered in shaping mould to make composite material precursors with the state not foamed completely, it is swollen to continue to complete last foaming It is swollen, complete sizing and solidification.One of special case, when time t is equal to T, the state after expansion is completed in composite material precursors Into in shaping mould, since it does not continue to foaming and intumescing, final Forming Quality is had adverse effect on, effect is not And t < T is good, preferably, therefore, sets t < T.In specific implementation, distribution frame 1 can be arranged according to following scheme, in conjunction with figure Shown in 2, distribution frame 1 includes frame body 11 and the distribution grid being arranged on frame body 11 12, if being evenly arranged on distribution grid 12 Do the distribution hole 13 worn for fibrous material, can also non-homogeneous setting distribution hole 13, the laying form of distribution hole 13 determines Each fibrous material is each passed through after all or part of distribution holes 13 spatially distribution, also just determines final undulation degree The distribution situation of material in the composite.Fibrous material is controllable, continuous by the hauling speed of traction device 8 simultaneously enters note In glue box 2, so that the entire production line realizes continuous production.
As shown in figure 3, glue-injection box 2 includes box body, be provided in box body the infiltration channel 21 entered for fibrous material, The tapping channel 23 of glue injection channel 22 and control thickness of composite material that liquid matrix material enters, implementation shown in Fig. 4 In mode, infiltration channel 21 is multiple, and is uniformly distributed from top to bottom in layer structure, tapping channel 23 and infiltration channel 21 1 One is correspondingly arranged, and glue injection channel 22 is arranged between feed inlet 211 and discharge port 212 and runs through all infiltration channels 21, Liquid matrix material enters in all infiltration channels 21 in glue-injection box 2 by glue injection channel 22, and fibrous material is through distribution grid 12 Distribution after respectively enter in different infiltration channels 21 in stratiform；In a kind of example shown in fig. 5, glue injection channel 22 is along vertical The cross section in direction is arranged in necking, the cross section showing ellipsoidal structure of glue injection channel 22 in this programme, can also be circular configuration, Fibrous material is sent out in infiltration channel 21 with the liquid matrix material being continuously injected into according to amount needed for wetting fibre material Raw to infiltrate and drive liquid matrix material movement, the glue injection channel 22 of necking setting can be by excessive liquid matrix material detention In glue injection channel 22, the consumption for reducing liquid matrix material guarantees continuously wetting fibre material.
By infiltration channel 21 with after 22 crossover location of glue injection channel fibrous material and liquid matrix material preliminarily form Composite material precursors, composite material precursors enter the part after infiltration channel 21 and 22 crossover location of glue injection channel, most pass through afterwards Discharge port 212 is pulled out by traction device 8, and by the height limitation thickness of discharge port 212.
In some embodiments, infiltration channel 21 and 22 crossover location of glue injection channel are later close to 212 side of discharge port Passage portion may be defined as tapping channel, and tapping channel (gradually contracts its cross section to 212 side of discharge port out in necking setting It is small), diminishing tapping channel increases the internal pressure of liquid matrix material, accelerates liquid matrix material to fibrous material Infiltration, while the thickness of composite material being made to reach defined thickness.Certainly, the height dimension of discharge port 212 is than feed inlet 211 Small this structure design, can also be such that the internal pressure of liquid matrix material increases, and accelerate liquid matrix material to fibrous material Infiltration, while the thickness of composite material being made to reach defined thickness
In conjunction with Fig. 1, example shown in Fig. 4, foam device 3 has tunnel structure, and one end is connected to the other end with glue-injection box 2 It is connected to shaping mould 4, foam device 3 is connected to above-mentioned all discharge ports 212, and the composite material precursors of stratiform detach discharging Enter in foam device 3 after mouth 212, the sheet that multilayer materials precursor is separated from each other in foam device 3 in one end；In order to The foaming for accelerating composite material precursors, has been additionally provided with air supply device 5 on glue-injection box 2, air supply device 5 include blower 52 and with The connected supervisor 51 of blower 52, is provided with more air supply tubes 54 on supervisor 51, the setting of air supply tube 54 two adjacent discharge ports 212 it Between, and be arranged close to above-mentioned 2 side of glue-injection box, as shown in connection with fig. 6, air supply tube 54 is horizontally disposed to be had towards foam device The air-flow of the first air outlet 541 that 3 sides open up, the blowout of the first air outlet 541 is formed between adjacent two layers shape composite material Thermal current, for separating composite material precursors, preventing them from prematurely bonding influences thermally equivalent, air supply tube 54 is also provided with Two the second air outlets 542 along the vertical direction, two the second air outlets 542 being oppositely arranged are blown along the vertical direction, on the one hand logical Overheating air flow supports and separates the composite material precursors pulled out from discharge port, prematurely bonds after avoiding them from going out discharge port, Thermal efficiency is influenced, another aspect thermal current is directly contacted with composite material precursors, is improved heating efficiency, is worked as composite material precursors In the fiber that contains when be entirely that yarn is got one's things ready, thermal current, which can even penetrate composite material precursors, keeps it heated more sufficiently, The foamable reaction of liquid matrix material can thus be promoted, the time needed for reducing prefoam improves production efficiency；Also Have, the technical solution of the second air outlet can also prevent the liquid matrix material from the composite material precursors that discharge port pulls out Sagging is in discharge port and accumulates, and finally blocks discharge port, finally, the first air outlet 541 and the second air outlet 542 are arranged in injecting glue Box side is that the composite material precursors just come out from glue-injection box 2 are blowed to for the hot wind relatively high to temperature, accelerates them Foaming；Time needed for reducing prefoam improves production efficiency.
In example as shown in Figure 1, heating device 6 is provided on shaping mould 4, heating device 6 includes that setting is forming Heating plate on mould 4, heating plate keep the temperature in shaping mould 4 in a certain range to complete the abundant of composite material precursors Foaming and solidification or setting.Last sufficiently foaming and the composite material for solidifying or shaping continuously are pulled out by traction device 8, can The product of needs is cut into through the length of subsequent cutter device as required again.
In some embodiments, the distribution frame includes distribution grid, is offered on the distribution grid through distribution grid For the distribution hole that fibrous material passes through, the distribution hole is in poroid or gap-like, and fibrous material passes through all or part simultaneously Distribution hole completes the distribution of fibrous material spatially.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, fibre is can be adjusted by adjusting the distribution hole site that fibrous material is worn in operator Distribution of the material in composite material is tieed up, guarantees that distribution does not change inside the fibrous material in composite material.Work as distribution hole When being poroid, it is suitable for wearing fiber wire material, when distribution hole is gap-like, is suitable for fabric and passes through, and can With by the shape for changing item seam, such as arc-shaped, polyline shaped, can make fabric by it is planar change into circular arc planar or Broken line planar further adjusts the structure of fabric in the composite, adjusts the structure and performance indicator of composite material.Together When, the distribution arranged by distribution hole changes distribution of the fibrous material in composite cross-sections, can be and be uniformly distributed, It can also be distributed by different shape, can also further adjust the structure and property of composite material in the density difference of different location It can index.
Preferred scheme, the infiltration channel are greater than the discharge port for the area of continuous passage and the feed inlet 211 212 area.By using above-mentioned technical proposal, increase the internal pressure of liquid matrix material, guarantees that infiltration is abundant.Specific In implementation, it is also an option that following scheme, the infiltration channel 21 be continuous passage and its cross section from the feed inlet 211 to 212 direction of discharge port is linearly gradually reduced or reduces in stepped；Or infiltration channel is close to the part of discharge port side Cross section be gradually reduced.As long as reaching in infiltration channel 21, mobile composite material precursors are provided by infiltration channel 21 Intrinsic pressure, the inner space being gradually reduced can be such that this internal pressure gradually increases, so that liquid matrix material is to fibre Tie up the effect of impregnation of material and more efficient, it is ensured that sufficiently infiltration promotes product quality.
The height of the discharge port is less than or equal to 20mm.To control the thickness for the composite material that single infiltration channel comes out Degree, it is ensured that composite material is easy to heat and be heated evenly, it is ensured that the efficiency of subsequent foaming.
In preferred embodiment, 21 inner wall of infiltration channel is additionally provided with diversion trench 221, and the diversion trench 221 is along institute The cross section for stating the inner wall in infiltration channel 21 is arranged circumferentially.The glue injection channel 22 is vertical passageway 222, the vertical passageway 222 are arranged between the feed inlet 211 and discharge port 212 and through infiltration channel 21, the diversion trench 221 and vertical passageway 222 are connected.Channel 21 is infiltrated at diversion trench 221, and due to the presence of diversion trench 221, volume becomes larger herein, can become pressure Power buffer area, for stablizing injection pressure, equiblibrium mass distribution liquid matrix material further increases the efficiency and effect of infiltration.
In preferred embodiment, there are at least two, and all infiltration channels 21 in the infiltration channel 21 in the glue-injection box 2 It is connected with the glue injection channel 22；Alternatively, the quantity of the glue injection channel 22 with infiltration the quantity in channel it is consistent, and respectively with Corresponding infiltration channel 21 is connected to.It is compound if it is single infiltration channel 21 in this way when processing the composite material of big thickness It will lead to wetting efficiency when material is too thick to be lower, cause the efficiency of foaming and quality all more difficult to control due to conducting heat slow, this hair Fibrous material and liquid matrix material are completed infiltration again respectively by bright creativeness in the infiltration channel 21 of multiple stratiforms superposition The work of conjunction, the single height for infiltrating channel 21 can control in numerical value appropriate, so that infiltration and heated efficiency and effect Reach needs as a result, then entering multilayer materials together in same foam device and shaping mould using subsequent handling Foam, be formed and be formed by curing the composite material of an entirety.Due to the passage layered infiltration of infiltration using 2,3 or more The liquid matrix material of unlike material or different formulations can also be passed through the injecting glue among other advantages by fibrous material Channel 22 enters in the different infiltration channels in glue-injection box 2, can construct the more complicated composite material of material in this way, be expired The product that sufficient different performance requires, single infiltration channel in the prior art cannot achieve this target.
In practical applications, the foam device 3 further includes the heating device 6 having for liquid matrix foaming materials, institute State heating device 6 include heated air circulation device, microwave heating equipment, electromagnetic heater and infrared heating device one kind or A variety of combinations.
In practical applications, the glue-injection box 2 is provided with air supply device 5 close to the side of the foam device 3, described to send Wind apparatus 5 includes blower 52 and the air supply tube 54 that is connected to the blower 52, and the air supply tube 54 is to the foam device 3 Interior air-supply.
In practical applications, when the infiltration channel 21 in the glue-injection box 2 is two or more, the air supply tube 54 is set It sets between two adjacent discharge ports 212, the air supply tube 54 is positioned close to the side of discharge port 212,54 court of air supply tube The first air outlet 541 is offered far from 212 side of discharge port, for the composite wood come out from two adjacent discharge ports 212 It blows between material.
In practical applications, the air supply tube 54 is answered towards far from 212 side of discharge port with what is come out from discharge port 212 The direction of advance of condensation material offers one or more the second air outlet 542 in 10 °~90 ° angles, is used for towards described multiple Condensation material is blown.
In some embodiments, the tinuous production of the fiber forced foamed composite material is additionally provided with waste heat recycling dress It sets, is set to sirocco reclamation cover between foam device and shaping mould including one, for will be discharged from foam device outlet section Hot wind is recycled, and further includes the blast pipe 53 being connected to sirocco reclamation cover and for making blast pipe 53 close to 4 one end of shaping mould The blower 52 of negative pressure is generated, 53 other end of blast pipe is connected to the air supply device 5, and the air in the section 3 that foams is through entering the wind Pipe 53 enters air supply device 5 after recycling, and is most discharged afterwards through air supply tube 54.In practical application, it can be arranged as follows: in order to improve pair Heat makes full use of in foaming section 3, and blast pipe 53 is connected on shaping mould 4, and above-mentioned blower 52 is to be arranged on blast pipe 53 Axial flow blower 52, axial flow blower 52 streams the hot gas in shaping mould 4 to foam device 3, the height that air supply tube 54 is discharged Wet body, high-temperature gas can accelerate the foamable reaction of composite material in foam device 3, further improve the life of composite material Produce efficiency.By using above-mentioned technical proposal, blower simplifies the air feed knot of air supply tube by supervisor's more air supply tubes of supply Structure, it is convenient to carry out.
In some embodiments, in order to reduce the production efficiency that production has surface coating composite material, the foaming is filled It sets and is provided with overlay film component 7 between 3 and the shaping mould 4, for band-like film 72 to be attached to the surface of composite material with multiple Condensation material enters in the shaping mould 4；And/or by fabric be attached to the surface of composite material with composite material enter it is described at In pattern 4.In practical application, the overlay film component 7 includes the roll body 71 of one or more rotation setting, the roll body 71 On be wound with band-like film or fabric.For example, overlay film component includes the roll body 71 of rotation setting, it is wound on roll body 71 band-like Film 72, the surface that band-like film 72 is attached to composite material enter the solidification in shaping mould 4 with composite material with composite material It is attached to the surface of composite material, band-like film 72 can be drapery or the weather-proof fabric with UV safeguard function here, or Person is the transverse strength of fibrofelt or cloth to increase composite material, is also possible to release cloth with multiple in convenient shaping mould 4 The demoulding of condensation material.The effect done so is that will can easily have decoration functions, weather-proof function, wear-resisting functions, fire-retardant The combined Film laminated of one or more of function, demoulding functions meets its work requirements on the surface of composite material； It is also possible to use multiple overlay film components are by multiple or a variety of Film laminateds on the surface of composite material；Further, also Fabric individually or can be placed between composite material precursors and film and be compounded in composite material surface with overlay film component, supplemented The function of composite material or reinforced composites perpendicular to being now the intensity, that is, transverse strength in direction.
This programme fibrous material is one kind or more of organic fiber, inorganic non-metallic fiber, plant fiber and metallic fiber Kind combination, it is preferable that for polymer fiber, plant fiber, glass fibre, carbon fiber, basalt fibre it is a kind of or more The combination of kind, it is highly preferred that being one or more combinations of polymer fiber and glass fibre；Liquid matrix material is polymerization Object, metal and nonmetallic, it is preferable that for thermosetting resin or thermoplastic resin or aluminium alloy or magnesium alloy or glass or cement or Gypsum, it is highly preferred that for one or more kinds of groups of polyurethane, phenolic resin, fluorocarbon resin, acrylic resin, silicone resin It closes.
The traction device 8 for drawing composite material is additionally provided in this programme, traction device 8 includes clamping composite wood The live-roller of material realizes the movement of composite material by the rotation of live-roller, since Fiber In Composite Material is continuously, to pass through Traction composite material can draw fibrous material and move in the continuous production line.By using above-mentioned technical proposal, realize multiple The continuous production of condensation material.
The present invention also provides a kind of continuous producing methods of fiber forced foamed composite material.
As shown in fig. 7, manufactured with any of the above-described tinuous production for fiber forced foamed composite material, and Include following steps:
The infiltration that S1, fibrous material enter the glue-injection box 2 after the distribution frame 1 is according to design distribution, positioning is logical In road 21；
S2, liquid matrix material are entered in glue-injection box 2 by the glue injection channel 22, and fibrous material passes through infiltration channel 21 While impregnated by liquid matrix material to form composite material precursors after by discharge port 212 enter foam device 3, shaping mould 4 In the prefoam section that gap or shaping mould 4 between glue-injection box 2 are equipped with；
The gap or prefoam of S3, the composite material precursors between the foam device 3, shaping mould 4 and glue-injection box 2 Carry out prefoam in section, the expansion of liquid matrix material, and foam stop when or halt and set into shaping mould 4 or shaping mould 4 Some molding mold segments；
S4, the composite material are completed sufficiently to foam and solidify or shape in the shaping mould 4 or molding mold segment；
S5, composite material after molding are drawn away from shaping mould 4 through traction device 8, and in the process, glue-injection box 2 into 211 side of material mouth is through distribution frame) fibrous material that comes is continuously into glue-injection box 2.
In some embodiments, the S5 further includes having: band-like film 72 or fabric are compounded in composite material The surface of precursor is bonded with composite material and enters in the shaping mould 4 with composite material precursors.
In some embodiments, there is at least two in the infiltration channel 21 in the glue-injection box 2, and the glue injection channel 22 is distinguished It is connected to corresponding infiltration channel 21；In the S2, different types of liquid matrix material passes through different glue injection channels 22 It injects in different infiltration channels 21.
In some embodiments, wherein in the S3, the composite material is heated in the foam device 3, Accelerate the foaming process of the composite material, the heating method includes blowing hot-air, microwave heating, electromagnetic heating, infrared heating One kind or different fibers entered in different infiltration channels (21) by different feed inlets, formed different compound Material precursor, it is preferable that by the aliphatic polyurethane of weatherability or the injection outer layer infiltration of fluorocarbon resin or acrylic resin Channel, by enhanced aromatic urethane or epoxy be comfortable or vinylite or unsaturated-resin injection internal layer leaching Moisten channel.
In some embodiments, wherein in the S3, using the first air outlet 541 and second set on air supply tube 54 The combination of one or more of air outlet 542 send hot wind to accelerate its foaming process in composite material.
In some embodiments, in S2, the liquid matrix material of unlike material or different formulations is passed through into the injecting glue Channel 22 enters in the different infiltration channels in glue-injection box 2.Its advantage has been described above in front.
Wherein S5 further includes having: the band-like film wound on the roll body is bonded with composite material and enters with composite material In the shaping mould.
Wherein in the S2, different types of liquid matrix injects different infiltration channels by different glue injection channels It is interior.
Wherein in the S3, residence time of the composite material in the foam device is greater than fibrous material because of liquid base Body material start foaming and volume expansion to be not less than shaping mould mold cavity volume time.
Wherein in the S2, the length of the foam device makes fiber be greater than liquid base by the time of the foam device Body starts the time of foaming but is less than the time that liquid matrix foaming terminates.
The present invention also provides a kind of fiber forced foamed composite material, composite material produces system by any of the above-described method It makes, including the composite material formed by fibrous material and liquid matrix.
Invention additionally discloses a kind of fiber forced foamed composite material, the composite material passes through any of the above-described use It manufactures in the tinuous production of fiber forced foamed composite material, or is manufactured by any of the above-described method, including The composite material formed by fibrous material and liquid matrix.
In practical applications, the fibrous material includes inorfil, organic polymer fiber, metallic fiber, natural fibre Dimension one or more combinations, the inorfil include glass fibre, basalt fibre, carbon fiber it is one or more Combination；The organic polymer fiber includes polyester fiber, Kevlar fiber, ultra high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, polyamide One or more combinations of fiber, vinal, polyvinyl chloride fibre, polypropylene cyanogen fiber；The metallic fiber packet Include one or more combinations of steel fibre, aluminum fiber, copper fiber；The natural fiber includes flax fiber, ramee, sword Flaxen fiber, tossa, bamboo fibre, combination one or more in cotton fiber.
In practical applications, the liquid matrix includes one of organic polymer resin, inorganic coagulation material, two kinds Or one of multiple combinations or inorganic coagulation material, metal material, combination of two or more；The wherein inorganic gel material Material includes one or more combinations of cement, magnesia, gypsum；The metal material includes aluminium and its alloy, magnesium and its conjunction One or more combinations of gold；The organic polymer resin includes thermosetting resin, thermoplastic resin；The thermosetting property tree Rouge includes one kind of polyurethane resin, epoxy resin, phenolic resin, unsaturated polyester resin, vinylite, cyanate ester resin Or a variety of combination.
In practical applications, weight ratio of the liquid matrix in the composite material is 15%~65%.
In practical applications, the liquid matrix also contains lubricant or inner pattern releasing agent applicable.
In practical applications, the composite material also includes fabric, and the fabric includes fiber cloth, is chopped One or more kinds of combinations of felt, continuous felt, needled mat, stitch-bonded felt, Nomex.
In practical applications, the surface of the composite material also includes the film with decoration functions or defencive function Layer or fiber fabric layer.
In practical applications, the outer layer of the composite material is made of fibrous material and weatherability resin, the weather-proof tree Rouge includes one of aliphatic polyurethane resin, acrylic resin, fluorocarbon resin or a variety of combinations.
The selection of above-mentioned material and the selection of proportion, it is in the prior art to have discussion more, just repeat no more.
In practical applications, the surface of the composite material also includes the film with decoration functions or defencive function Layer or fiber fabric layer.
In practical applications, the outer layer of the composite material is made of fibrous material and weatherability resin, the weather-proof tree Rouge includes one of aliphatic polyurethane resin, acrylic resin, fluorocarbon resin or a variety of combinations.
The application for the fiber forced foamed composite material that the present invention also provides a kind of as described in any of the above-described is applied to railway Sleeper, plank road plate, house enclosed structure, highway anti-collision guardrail, door and window curtain wall frame section, ship deck, enclosure board, floats at floor Bridge plate.
In conclusion the present invention can obtain following effect:
1, distribution frame the fibrous material in composite material can be made to be distributed according to design idea, infiltrate it is abundant, abundant Zhan Zhi improves the reinforcing effect of fibrous material；
2, glue-injection box can disposably be impregnated with rapidly a large amount of fibrous material, so as to for producing extremely thick composite wood Material；
3, foam device can make composite material precursors thermally equivalent, foam rapidly, foam composite material can be improved Production efficiency；
4, shaping mould can by special type chamber disposably be made complex contour product, as long as and shaping mould condition License, there is no limit for the thickness and shape of composite material obtained；
5, by adjusting fibrous material distribution the local strength of composite material can be adjusted, realize special composite material The manufacturing.
The present invention also provides a kind of foam devices, for the preparation of fiber forced foamed composite material, the foam device 3 Equipped with the foam chamber continuously penetrated through, one end is feed end, and the other end is discharge end, and composite material enters foaming dress through feed end It sets in 3 foam chamber, and completes prefoam in the foam device 3, the 3 length L≤s*t of foam device, wherein s is institute The speed of composite material advance is stated, t is that the composite material starts foaming and intumescing to stopping expansion in the foam device 3 Time.This foam device can be used in the production line of other similar material production, control prefoam that can be more convenient Quality and improve production efficiency, the composite material after the prefoam accurately controlled enters back into shaping mould and completes last hair Bubble, solidification or sizing, product quality and efficiency are all improved.
It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the premise of the invention, Various modifications and improvements can be made, and these are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (23)

1. a kind of tinuous production of fiber forced foamed composite material characterized by comprising
Distribution frame (1), for will be entered in glue-injection box by the fibrous material of distribution frame (1) by distribution；
Glue-injection box (2) enters infiltration including the infiltration channel (21) infiltrated for fibrous material and for liquid matrix material Glue injection channel (22) in channel (21), infiltration channel (21) include the feed inlet (211) entered for fibrous material The discharge port (212) passed through with the composite material precursors for being formed for liquid basis material impregnated fiber material, the charging The area of mouth (211) is greater than or equal to the area of the discharge port (212)；
Foam device (3), the foam device (3) are equipped with the foam chamber continuously penetrated through；One end of the foam device (3) and institute The discharge port (212) for stating glue-injection box (2) is correspondingly arranged or connects, and the other end is correspondingly arranged or connect with shaping mould (4), composite wood Expect that precursor enters foam device (3) through discharge port (212), and completes prefoam in the foam device (3), the foaming dress (3) length L≤s*t is set, wherein s is the speed that the composite material precursors advance, and t is the composite material precursors in the hair Start foaming and intumescing in bulb apparatus (3) to the time for stopping expansion；
Shaping mould (4), for into the interior solidification of the shaping mould (4) or determining after the foamed device of composite material precursors (3) Shape forms final composite material；
Traction device (8), composite material are pulled out into after solidification or setting by traction device (8) in the shaping mould (4) Pattern (4).
2. the tinuous production of fiber forced foamed composite material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the distribution Frame (1) includes distribution grid (12), offers passing through for fibrous material through distribution grid (12) on the distribution grid (12) Distribution hole (13), the distribution hole (13) is in poroid or gap-like, and fibrous material passes through all or part of distribution hole simultaneously (13) distribution of fibrous material spatially is completed.
3. the tinuous production of fiber forced foamed composite material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the infiltration Channel (21) is greater than the area of the discharge port (212) for the area of continuous passage and the feed inlet (211)；Or the infiltration Channel (21) be continuous passage and its cross section be gradually reduced by the feed inlet (211) Xiang Suoshu discharge port (212) direction or Reduce in step type；Or infiltration channel is gradually reduced close to the cross section of the part of discharge port side.
4. the tinuous production of fiber forced foamed composite material according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the discharging The height of mouth (212) is less than or equal to 20mm.
5. the tinuous production of fiber forced foamed composite material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the infiltration Channel (21) inner wall is additionally provided with diversion trench (221), and the diversion trench (221) is cross-section along the inner wall for infiltrating channel (21) Face is arranged circumferentially.
6. the tinuous production of fiber forced foamed composite material according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the injecting glue Channel (22) is vertical passageway (222), the vertical passageway (222) setting the feed inlet (211) and discharge port (212) it Between and through infiltration channel (21), the diversion trench (221) is connected with vertical passageway (222).
7. the tinuous production of fiber forced foamed composite material according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the injecting glue There is at least two in infiltration channel (21) in box (2), and all infiltration channels (21) are connected with the glue injection channel (22)； Alternatively, the glue injection channel (22) is connected to corresponding infiltration channel (21) respectively.
8. the tinuous production of fiber forced foamed composite material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the foaming Device (3) further includes the heating device (6) having for liquid matrix foaming materials, and the heating device (6) includes hot air circulation One or more kinds of combinations of device, microwave heating equipment, electromagnetic heater and infrared heating device.
9. the tinuous production of -8 any fiber forced foamed composite materials according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute It states glue-injection box (2) to be provided with air supply device (5) close to the side of the foam device (3), the air supply device (5) includes wind Machine (52) and the air supply tube (54) being connected to the blower (52), air supply tube (54) the Xiang Suoshu foam device (3) is interior to be sent Wind；And/or the air supply tube (54) is blown to the composite material precursors come out by discharge port.
10. the tinuous production of fiber forced foamed composite material according to claim 9, which is characterized in that when described When infiltration channel (21) in glue-injection box (2) is two or more, the air supply tube (54) is arranged in two adjacent discharge ports (212) Between, the air supply tube (54) is positioned close to the side of discharge port (212), and the air supply tube (54) is towards far from discharge port (212) side offers the first air outlet (541), for before the composite material that two adjacent discharge ports (212) come out It blows between body.
11. the tinuous production of fiber forced foamed composite material according to claim 10, which is characterized in that described to send Direction of advance of the air hose (54) towards the composite material precursors far from the discharge port (212) side and from discharge port (212) out One or more the second air outlet (542) is offered in 10 °~90 ° angles, for carrying out towards the composite material precursors Air-supply.
12. the tinuous production of fiber forced foamed composite material according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the fibre The tinuous production of dimension enhanced foaming composite material is additionally provided with waste-heat recovery device, including one is set to foam device and shaping mould Between sirocco reclamation cover further include and sirocco reclamation cover for recycling the hot wind being discharged from foam device outlet section The blast pipe (53) of connection and for make blast pipe (53) close to shaping mould (4) one end generate negative pressure blower (52), it is described into Air hose (53) other end is connected to the air supply device (5), and the air in foam device (3) enters after blast pipe (53) are recycled Air supply device (5) is most discharged through air supply tube (54) afterwards.
13. the tinuous production of fiber forced foamed composite material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the hair Overlay film component (7) are provided between bulb apparatus (3) and the shaping mould (4), for band-like film (72) to be attached to composite wood Expect that the surface of precursor enters in the shaping mould (4) with composite material precursors；And/or fabric is attached to composite material precursors Surface with composite material precursors enter the shaping mould (4) in.
14. the tinuous production according to claim 13 for fiber forced foamed composite material, which is characterized in that institute The roll body (71) that overlay film component (7) includes one or more rotation setting is stated, is wound with strip-shaped thin on the roll body (71) Film or fabric are mounted with coiled band-like film or fabric.
15. a kind of continuous producing method of fiber forced foamed composite material, which is characterized in that use any institute of claim 1-14 The tinuous production for fiber forced foamed composite material stated manufactures, and includes following steps:
The infiltration that S1, fibrous material enter the glue-injection box (2) after the distribution frame (1) is according to design distribution, positioning is logical In road (21)；
S2, liquid matrix material are entered in glue-injection box (2) by the glue injection channel (22), and fibrous material passes through infiltration channel (21) while by liquid matrix material dipping after, liquid matrix material is moved with fibrous material to form composite material precursors after lead to Cross discharge port (212) between foam device (3), shaping mould (4) and glue-injection box (2) gap or shaping mould (4) be equipped with In prefoam section；
The gap between the foam device (3) or shaping mould (4) and glue-injection box (2) S3, the composite material precursors or Prefoam, the expansion of liquid matrix foaming materials are carried out in prefoam section, and when foaming stopping or are halted into shaping mould (4) Or the molding mold segment that shaping mould (4) is equipped with；
S4, the composite material precursors are completed sufficiently to foam and solidify or shape in the shaping mould (4) or molding mold segment,
Obtain composite material；
S5, composite material after molding are drawn away from shaping mould (4) through traction device (8), and in the process, glue-injection box (2) The fibrous material that feed inlet (211) side comes through distribution frame (1) is continuously into glue-injection box (2).
16. the continuous producing method of fiber forced foamed composite material according to claim 15, which is characterized in that described S3 further includes having: band-like film (72) or fabric being compounded in the surface of composite material precursors, with composite material precursors It is bonded and enters in the shaping mould (4) with composite material precursors.
17. a kind of continuous producing method of fiber forced foamed composite material according to claim 15, which is characterized in that There is at least two in infiltration channel (21) in the glue-injection box (2), the glue injection channel (22) respectively with infiltration channel (21) one It is a or multiple be connected；In the S2, the liquid matrix material of unlike material or different formulations is passed through into different injecting glues Channel (22) is injected in different infiltration channels (21) or different fibers enters different infiltrations by different feed inlets In channel (21), different composite material precursors are formed.
18. the continuous producing method of fiber forced foamed composite material according to claim 15, which is characterized in that wherein In the S3, the composite material is heated in the foam device (3), accelerates the foaming of the composite material Journey, the heating method include one or more kinds of combinations of blowing hot-air, microwave heating, electromagnetic heating, infrared heating.
19. a kind of continuous producing method of fiber forced foamed composite material according to claim 15, which is characterized in that Wherein in the S3, using one of the first air outlet (541) and the second air outlet (542) set on air supply tube (54) Or a variety of combinations send hot wind to accelerate its foaming process in composite material.
20. a kind of fiber forced foamed composite material, which is characterized in that the composite material passes through any institute of claim 1-14 The tinuous production for fiber forced foamed composite material stated manufactures, or passes through any side of claim 15 to 19 Method is manufactured, including the composite material formed by fibrous material and liquid matrix material.
21. a kind of application of fiber forced foamed composite material as claimed in claim 20, which is characterized in that be applied to railway Sleeper, plank road plate, house enclosed structure, highway anti-collision guardrail, door and window curtain wall frame section, ship deck, enclosure board, floats at floor Bridge plate.
22. a kind of foam device, the preparation for fiber forced foamed composite material, which is characterized in that the foam device (3) Equipped with the foam chamber continuously penetrated through, one end is feed end, and the other end is discharge end, and composite material precursors enter hair through feed end In the foam chamber of bulb apparatus (3), and prefoam, foam device (3) length L≤s* are completed in the foam device (3) T, wherein s is the speed that the composite material advances, and it is swollen that t is that the composite material starts to foam in the foam device (3) The swollen time to stopping expansion.
23. a kind of foam device according to claim 22, which is characterized in that the foam device (3) includes to have the right It is required that any one device described in 8~12.
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