CN110126058B - Rock sample preparation method based on CT visualization and 3D printing - Google Patents
Rock sample preparation method based on CT visualization and 3D printing Download PDFInfo
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- CN110126058B CN110126058B CN201910416798.0A CN201910416798A CN110126058B CN 110126058 B CN110126058 B CN 110126058B CN 201910416798 A CN201910416798 A CN 201910416798A CN 110126058 B CN110126058 B CN 110126058B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
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- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rock sample preparation method based on CT visualization and 3D printing, which comprises the steps of carrying out CT scanning experiment on a rock sample in an initial state; carrying out noise reduction, binarization and segmentation on a two-dimensional image obtained by CT scanning in an initial state; establishing a 3D digital model of the rock sample for the processed image through a set algorithm or software; taking the rock sample pore fracture as a solid structure, and independently extracting a pore fracture model by using a watershed algorithm; smoothing the hole crack model in the initial state, and setting the output format of a 3D digital analog to be stl; and importing the output pore crack model in the stl format into a 3D printer, and selecting a transparent material with similar properties to the rock sample for 3D printing to obtain a transparent 3D digital model. The invention has the advantages that the simulation pattern manufacturing efficiency is high, the properties of the simulation sample are close to those of the rock sample, and the consistency of a plurality of simulation samples is good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a reservoir rock pore fracture simulation technology, and particularly relates to a rock sample preparation method based on CT visualization and 3D printing.
Background
Three-dimensional visualization of reservoir rock pore fractures is an important method for researching reservoir rock pore fracture structures. The three-dimensional visualization of reservoir rock means that a two-dimensional image of the rock is obtained by means of high-precision instruments such as a high-power optical microscope, a scanning electron microscope or a CT (computed tomography) and the like, and the visualization target is realized by performing three-dimensional reconstruction on the two-dimensional image. The experimental method for realizing the three-dimensional visualization of the reservoir rock mainly comprises a sequence imaging method, a focusing scanning method and a CT scanning method. A plurality of simulation samples need to be manufactured according to rock samples in a rock sample mechanical experiment, so that experimental data can be collected through multiple experiments, and more accurate experimental results can be obtained. The existing manufacturing method of the simulation sample is generally obtained by bonding and compacting quartz sand and a binder, wherein the cracks in the sample are generally replaced by mica. Due to the limitations of the manufacturing means, the properties of the obtained samples are not only greatly different from those of rock samples, but also the consistency of a plurality of samples is not ideal. Therefore, the existing method for manufacturing the simulated sample of the rock sample needs to be improved so as to obtain the simulated sample which has good consistency and is close to the property of the rock sample.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a rock sample preparation method based on CT visualization and 3D printing, aiming at the defects of low rock simulation sample preparation efficiency, poor sample property consistency and larger difference with an original rock sample in the technology. According to the method, after CT scanning is carried out on a rock sample, 3D modeling is carried out after an image is processed, a crack model is independently extracted and smoothed, the crack model is input into a 3D printer, and a material close to rock properties is selected to obtain a simulation sample through 3D printing. The manufacturing efficiency is high, the property of the simulation sample is close to that of the rock sample, and the consistency of the simulation samples is good.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
A rock sample preparation method based on CT visualization and 3D printing comprises the following steps:
first step, rock sample scanning: performing a CT scanning experiment of an initial state on a rock sample;
and secondly, scanning image processing: carrying out noise reduction, binarization and segmentation on a two-dimensional image obtained by CT scanning in an initial state;
step three, establishing a 3D model: establishing a 3D digital model of the rock sample for the processed image through a set algorithm or software;
fourthly, fracture treatment: taking the rock sample pore fracture as a solid structure, and independently extracting a pore fracture model by using a watershed algorithm;
and fifthly, smoothing and printing the 3D model: smoothing the hole crack model in an initial state, and setting a 3D digital-to-analog output format to be stl; and importing the output pore crack model in the stl format into a 3D printer, and selecting a transparent material with similar properties to the rock sample for 3D printing to obtain a transparent 3D digital model.
According to the invention adopting the technical scheme, through CT scanning, processing noise reduction, binarization, segmentation and the like is carried out on an image, then simulation model construction is carried out by using model construction software, a rock sample pore fracture is used as a solid structure, a watershed algorithm is used for independently extracting a pore fracture model, the fracture model is independently extracted and smoothened and then input into a 3D printer, and a material close to rock properties is selected, and a model entity of a simulation sample is obtained through 3D printing. The method utilizes a mature 3D printing technology, can effectively improve the model making efficiency, and the property of the simulation sample is close to that of the rock sample, so that the consistency of a plurality of simulation samples is good.
Preferably, in the fifth step of printing the 3D model, at least two transparent materials with similar rock sample properties are selected for 3D printing to obtain a plurality of transparent 3D models; mechanical seepage physical experiments and real-time CT scanning are carried out on the rock sample and the rock sample models under the stress state, and seepage numerical simulation is carried out on the basis of establishing a 3D digital model; then, carrying out comparative analysis to determine the transparent material with the most similar rock sample property; and the comparative analysis comprises the steps of integrating the results of the mechanical seepage physical experiment of the sample after 3D printing and the results of the mechanical seepage physical experiment of the original sample, analyzing the difference, and determining the transparent material with the property closest to that of the rock sample by reverse estimation. To ensure that a simulated sample is obtained with properties closer to those of the original rock sample.
Preferably, the mechanical seepage physics experiment and the real-time CT scanning comprise,
the method comprises the following steps of firstly, carrying out noise reduction, binarization, segmentation and other processing on all two-dimensional images obtained by CT scanning under different stress conditions;
secondly, establishing a 3D digital model of the rock sample for the processed image through a set algorithm or software;
defining the pore cracks of the rock sample under different stress conditions as an entity structure, and independently extracting a pore crack model by using a watershed algorithm and the like;
in a fourth substep, the gas flow simulation comprises:
sa, smoothing the hole fracture models under different stress conditions;
sb, outputting the smoothed hole crack model according to a set format, and importing numerical simulation software;
sc, selecting a proper size for the hole crack model led into the numerical simulation software according to the size of the model, and dividing the grid;
sd, setting a boundary condition meeting the actual condition in numerical simulation software;
se, selecting or adding a proper simulation equation according to the property of the reservoir gas;
and Sf, simulating the flow of the reservoir gas under different stress conditions according to a simulation equation.
The simulation results of the gas flow under different stress conditions are obtained, reliable basis is provided for comparative analysis, and the simulation sample is ensured to be close to the original rock sample in nature.
Further preferably, in the Sb step, the setting format includes one of a.stl and a. ans format; the numerical simulation software comprises one of Commol Multiphysics and Ansys Fluent to fully utilize the prior art means to carry out model construction.
Further preferably, in the Sd step, the boundary conditions include inlet pressure, outlet pressure, elastic modulus, porosity and kinematic viscosity. The method is closer to the actual scene of rock mining, and ensures that the simulated sample is closer to the original rock sample in nature.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the manufacturing efficiency is high, the property of the simulation sample is close to that of the rock sample, and the consistency of the simulation samples is good.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following drawings, which are illustrative only for the purpose of disclosing and explaining the invention in order to provide a thorough understanding of the invention, and which therefore do not limit the invention within the scope of the described embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, a rock sample preparation method based on CT visualization and 3D printing includes the following steps:
first step, rock sample scanning: performing a CT scanning experiment of an initial state on a rock sample;
and secondly, scanning image processing: carrying out noise reduction, binarization and segmentation on a two-dimensional image obtained by CT scanning in an initial state;
step three, establishing a 3D model: establishing a 3D digital model of the rock sample for the processed image through a set algorithm or software;
fourthly, fracture treatment: taking the rock sample pore fracture as a solid structure, and independently extracting a pore fracture model by using a watershed algorithm;
and fifthly, smoothing and printing the 3D model: smoothing the hole crack model in an initial state, and setting a 3D digital-to-analog output format to be stl; and importing the output pore crack model in the stl format into a 3D printer, and selecting a transparent material with similar properties to the rock sample for 3D printing to obtain a transparent 3D digital model.
In the fifth step of 3D model printing, at least two transparent materials with similar rock sample properties are selected for 3D printing to obtain a plurality of transparent 3D models; mechanical seepage physical experiments and real-time CT scanning are carried out on the rock sample and the rock sample models under the stress state, and seepage numerical simulation is carried out on the basis of establishing a 3D digital model; then, carrying out comparative analysis to determine the transparent material with the most similar rock sample property; and the comparative analysis comprises the steps of integrating the results of the mechanical seepage physical experiment of the sample after 3D printing and the results of the mechanical seepage physical experiment of the original sample, analyzing the difference, and determining the transparent material with the property closest to that of the rock sample by reverse estimation.
The mechanical seepage physical experiment and real-time CT scanning comprise,
the method comprises the following steps of firstly, carrying out noise reduction, binarization, segmentation and other processing on all two-dimensional images obtained by CT scanning under different stress conditions;
secondly, establishing a 3D digital model of the rock sample for the processed image through a set algorithm or software;
defining the pore cracks of the rock sample under different stress conditions as an entity structure, and independently extracting a pore crack model by using a watershed algorithm and the like;
in a fourth substep, the gas flow simulation comprises:
sa, smoothing the hole fracture models under different stress conditions;
sb, outputting the smoothed hole crack model according to a set format comprising any one of the formats of stl and ans, and importing numerical simulation software;
sc, selecting a proper size for the hole crack model led into the numerical simulation software according to the size of the model, and dividing the grid;
sd, setting and meeting actual boundary conditions including inlet pressure, outlet pressure, elastic modulus, porosity, dynamic viscosity and the like in numerical simulation software comprising any one of Comsol Multiphysics and Ansys Fluent;
se, selecting or adding a proper simulation equation according to the property of the reservoir gas;
and Sf, simulating the flow of the reservoir gas under different stress conditions according to a simulation equation.
The foregoing has described in detail preferred embodiments of this invention. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations can be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the teaching of this invention without undue experimentation. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning or limited experiments based on the concepts of the present invention are all within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (1)
1. A rock sample preparation method based on CT visualization and 3D printing is characterized by comprising the following steps:
first step, rock sample scanning: performing a CT scanning experiment of an initial state on a rock sample;
and secondly, scanning image processing: carrying out noise reduction, binarization and segmentation on a two-dimensional image obtained by CT scanning in an initial state;
step three, establishing a 3D model: establishing a 3D digital model of the rock sample for the processed image through a set algorithm or software;
fourthly, fracture treatment: taking the rock sample pore fracture as a solid structure, and independently extracting a pore fracture model by using a watershed algorithm;
and fifthly, smoothing and printing the 3D model: smoothing the hole crack model in an initial state, and setting a 3D digital-to-analog output format to be stl; importing the output pore crack model in the stl format into a 3D printer, and selecting a transparent material with similar properties to the rock sample for 3D printing to obtain a transparent 3D digital model; in the 3D model printing process, at least two transparent materials with similar rock sample properties are selected for 3D printing to obtain a plurality of transparent 3D digifax; mechanical seepage physical experiments and real-time CT scanning are carried out on the rock sample and the rock sample models under the stress state, and seepage numerical simulation is carried out on the basis of establishing a 3D digital model; then, carrying out comparative analysis to determine the transparent material with the most similar rock sample property; the comparative analysis comprises the steps of integrating the results of the mechanical seepage physical experiment of the sample after 3D printing and the results of the mechanical seepage physical experiment of the original sample, analyzing the difference, and determining the transparent material with the property closest to that of the rock sample by reverse estimation;
the mechanical seepage physical experiment and real-time CT scanning comprise,
the method comprises the following steps of firstly, carrying out noise reduction, binarization and segmentation on all two-dimensional images obtained by CT scanning under different stress conditions;
secondly, establishing a 3D digital model of the rock sample for the processed image through a set algorithm or software;
defining the pore cracks of the rock sample under different stress conditions as an entity structure, and independently extracting a pore crack model by using a watershed algorithm;
in a fourth substep, the gas flow simulation comprises:
sa, smoothing the hole fracture models under different stress conditions;
sb, outputting the smoothed hole crack model according to a set format, and importing numerical simulation software;
sc, selecting a proper size for the hole crack model led into the numerical simulation software according to the size of the model, and dividing the grid;
sd, setting a boundary condition meeting the actual condition in numerical simulation software;
se, selecting or adding a proper simulation equation according to the property of the reservoir gas;
sf, simulating the flow of the reservoir gas under different stress conditions according to a simulation equation;
wherein, in the Sb step, the setting format includes one of the.stl and. ans formats; the numerical simulation software comprises one of Commol Multiphysics and Ansys Fluent; in the Sd step, the boundary conditions include inlet pressure, outlet pressure, elastic modulus, porosity, and kinematic viscosity.
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| CN111811995B (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2022-04-15 | 中国地质大学（北京） | Visual test method and system for simulating coarse single-cross fracture multiphase seepage |
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| CN113146797A (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2021-07-23 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Rock mass model 3D printing and mechanical parameter obtaining method containing random structural plane network |
| CN113656946B (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2024-02-09 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Geometrical influence analysis method for mechanical parameters of rock mass with joint network |
| CN113884361A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-01-04 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | 3D printing modeling method for restoring primary macroscopic cracks of coal rock standard test piece |
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