CN110124181B

CN110124181B - Pericardium drainage tube

Info

Publication number: CN110124181B
Application number: CN201910234620.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张�浩; 陈欢欢; 游伟; 陈玉梅; 孔祥清; 杨荣; 盛燕辉; 孙伟
Original assignee: Jiangsu Province Hospital First Affiliated Hospital With Nanjing Medical University
Current assignee: Jiangsu Province Hospital First Affiliated Hospital With Nanjing Medical University
Priority date: 2019-03-26
Filing date: 2019-03-26
Publication date: 2022-04-26
Anticipated expiration: 2039-03-26
Also published as: CN110124181A

Abstract

The invention provides a pericardial drainage tube, which comprises a tube body, a side hole, an air bag and an inflation tube diameter; the tube body comprises a head end and a tail end, the head end is in an elastic curled circular pigtail shape, the tail end comprises a drainage tube orifice and an inflation tube orifice, and the drainage tube orifice is communicated with the interior of the tube body; the gasbag sets up on the lateral wall of pipe shaft, and the side opening is seted up on the pipe wall of pipe shaft and is linked together with the inside of pipe shaft, aerifys the pipe diameter setting inboard at the pipe wall of pipe shaft, aerifys pipe diameter intercommunication gasbag and aerify the mouth of pipe. The invention specially aims at the drainage problem of the pericardial effusion, and the head end of the invention is in the shape of an elastic curled ring pig tail, thereby being beneficial to the fixation of the pericardial drainage tube in the body of a patient and the drainage of the effusion. The pericardial drainage tube is provided with the air bag structure, the blockage problem of the drainage tube can be solved to a certain extent by supporting the space around the pericardial drainage tube, the fixing effect is achieved, the air bag of the catheter is in point contact with the heart, and the occurrence of arrhythmia and pain caused by stimulation of the catheter to the heart of a patient can be reduced.

Description

Pericardium drainage tube

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to a pericardial drainage tube.

Background

When the patient has pericardial effusion or pleural effusion, puncture drainage is needed when necessary. There is a significant risk of pericardial or thoracic drainage using conventional puncture needles. Because the distance between the pericardium and the surface of the heart and the distance between the pleura and the lung are smaller, the danger that the sharp drainage needle punctures the heart or the lung is increased when a patient coughs, changes the body position and has larger breathing amplitude in the drainage process. Because the drainage quantity is limited in each drainage, a patient with a large amount of accumulated liquid needs to be drained for many times, and the puncture is needed to be repeated, so that the danger of the operation and the pain of the patient are increased.

In recent years, pericardial and thoracic cavity puncture drainage by using the Seldinger puncture method has been reported successively at home and abroad. After the puncture needle punctures into the pericardial cavity or the pleural cavity, the guide steel wire with the bent and soft top is sent into the pericardial cavity or the pleural cavity from the hollow puncture needle, the puncture needle is pulled out, the skin or the subcutaneous tissue is expanded by the expansion tube, then the drainage catheter is sent into the pericardial cavity or the pleural cavity along the guide steel wire, and effusion is extracted or drainage is carried out. However, no special drainage catheter for the pericardial cavity or the thoracic cavity exists at present, and a pigtail cardioangiography catheter or a central venous catheter is generally used for replacing the drainage catheter. The pigtail cardioangiography catheter is hard, thick in outer diameter, long (generally 110cm in length), not easy to implant and fix and large in operative wound of a patient. During drainage, as the volume of accumulated fluid decreases, the catheter touches the surface of the heart, pericardium or pleura, inducing arrhythmia or chest pain. Although the central venous catheter is soft, the central venous catheter is generally thin in pipe diameter and does not have a pigtail shape at the head end, and is often ejected out of a pericardial cavity or a thoracic cavity along with heartbeat, respiration and patient movement; and because only end holes are generally arranged, the drainage range is smaller and the blockage is easy to occur. The clinical application of the two is safer than that of direct puncture needle drainage, but the two are still limited and difficult to be left in the body for a long time.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a novel pericardial drainage tube.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a pericardial drainage tube comprises a tube body, a side hole, an air bag and an inflation tube diameter;

the tube body comprises a head end and a tail end, the head end is in an elastic curled circular pig tail shape, the tail end comprises a drainage tube opening and an inflation tube opening, and the drainage tube opening is communicated with the interior of the tube body; the gasbag sets up on the lateral wall of pipe shaft, the side opening is seted up on the pipe wall of pipe shaft and with the inside of pipe shaft is linked together, it is in to aerify the pipe diameter setting the pipe wall of pipe shaft is inboard, aerify the pipe diameter intercommunication the gasbag and aerify the mouth of pipe.

Preferably, the number of the air bags is at least 2, the air bags are respectively and sequentially arranged on the outer side wall of the tube body, and the air bags are not in contact with each other.

Preferably, the balloon is an elastic balloon, the balloon is attached to the tube wall when the balloon is in an uninflated state, and the balloon is shaped like a spindle when the balloon is inflated.

Preferably, the number of the side holes is at least 2, the side holes are paved on the pipe wall of the pipe body, which is not provided with the air bags, and the side holes are formed in the middle of any two adjacent air bags.

Preferably, at least 2 side holes are formed in the middles of any two adjacent balloons, and the side holes are distributed on the periphery of the tube wall in a staggered and surrounding mode.

Preferably, the edge of the side hole is concave towards the inside of the tube wall, i.e. the outer side wall of the tube body is a smooth side wall.

Preferably, a filter screen is integrally provided on an outer surface of the side hole.

Preferably, the tube body is made of soft medical silica gel.

Preferably, the length of the tube body is 18-25 cm, the outer diameter of the tube body is 1.5-2 mm, and the diameter of the curled circular ring of the head end in the state without external force is less than 1 cm.

Preferably, the number of inflation tube diameters is at least 1; when the diameter of the inflation pipe is 1, the inflation pipe is communicated with all the air bags; when the number of the inflation pipe diameters is 2 or more, different inflation pipe diameters respectively correspond to different air bags so as to control the inflation sequence of the air bags; the inflation pipe openings correspond to the inflation pipe diameters one by one.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the pericardial effusion drainage tube is specially used for draining pericardial effusion, and structurally, the part of the head end entering the body of a patient is in an elastic curled ring-shaped pigtail shape, so that after the pericardial effusion drainage tube enters the body of the patient and a guide steel wire is removed, the head end can naturally recover to be in the ring-shaped pigtail shape, and the pericardial effusion drainage tube is not easy to slide out compared with a straight tube, and is favorable for fixing the pericardial effusion drainage tube in the body of the patient.

The invention is a structure with an air bag, after the pericardial drainage tube goes deep into the body of a patient, the air bag is inflated to expand the pericardial drainage tube, on one hand, a space can be expanded around the pericardial drainage tube, thus facilitating drainage of pericardial effusion and solving the blockage problem of the drainage tube to a certain extent; on the other hand, the air bag is clamped in the pericardium after being unfolded, so that the fixing effect can be achieved, and the slippage problem of the pericardium drainage tube is solved; in addition, the air bag is in point contact with the heart, so that compared with the traditional drainage tube for drainage which is in direct contact with the heart, the stimulation to the heart of the patient is smaller, and the attack of arrhythmia of the patient is reduced; finally, the air bag is softer, the contact points are fewer, the friction between the heart and the air bag is smaller when the air bag moves, and the pain of a patient can be effectively reduced.

The side holes are arranged between the two adjacent air bags and are arranged on the periphery of the tube body in a surrounding mode, so that the side holes are formed in the periphery of the tube wall and can conduct drainage, and the problem that the catheter is blocked due to the fact that the side holes are too few or are concentrated on one side of the tube body is solved. The surface of the side hole is integrally provided with a net structure, so that not only can objects such as fibers in the pericardial effusion be filtered and the catheter be further prevented from being blocked, but also the catheter can be connected to a certain extent, the toughness of the invention is enhanced, and the fracture of the invention is prevented.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a pericardial drainage tube with only one inflatable tube diameter.

Detailed Description

In order to further understand the objects, structures, features and functions of the present invention, the following embodiments are described in detail.

Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a pericardial drainage tube, which includes a tube body 1, a side hole 2, a balloon 3 and an inflation tube diameter 4.

The tube body 1 comprises a head end 11 and a tail end 12, the head end 11 is in an elastic curled circular pig tail shape, the tail end 12 comprises a drainage tube opening 121 and an inflation tube opening 122, and the drainage tube opening 121 is communicated with the interior of the tube body 1; the gasbag 3 sets up on the lateral wall of shaft 1, and side opening 2 is seted up on the pipe wall of shaft 1 and is linked together with the inside of shaft 1, and inflatable tube diameter 4 sets up inboard at the pipe wall of shaft 1, and inflatable tube diameter 4 communicates gasbag 3 and inflatable tube mouth 122.

When in use, the steps are substantially the same as in the prior art. After the puncture needle is punctured into the pericardial cavity or the thoracic cavity, the guide steel wire with the bent and soft top is fed into the pericardial cavity or the thoracic cavity from the hollow puncture needle, the puncture needle is pulled out, the skin or the subcutaneous tissue is expanded by the expansion tube, and then the drainage catheter is fed into the pericardial cavity or the thoracic cavity along the guide steel wire. After the pericardial drainage tube enters the pericardial cavity, the pericardial drainage tube at the head end 11 automatically returns to a ring pig tail shape to hook the inside of the pericardial cavity, so that the pericardial drainage tube is not easy to slip off and is firmer compared with a straight tube. Then, the air bag 3 is inflated from the inflation pipe opening 122, the air bag 3 is clamped in the pericardial cavity after being propped up, and a gap is reserved between the pericardial drainage tube and the pericardial cavity wall so as to better drain the pericardial effusion. The pericardial effusion enters the tube body 1 from the side hole 2, flows outwards along the tube body 1 to the drainage tube opening 121, and is discharged out of the body from the drainage tube opening 121. The air bag 3 can support a space around the pericardial drainage tube on one hand, so that the drainage of the pericardial effusion is facilitated, and the blockage problem of the drainage tube is solved to a certain extent; on the other hand, the air bag 3 is clamped in the pericardium after being unfolded, so that the fixing effect can be achieved, and the slippage problem of the pericardium drainage tube is solved; in addition, the air bag 3 is in point contact with the heart, so that compared with the traditional drainage tube which is in direct contact with the heart, the stimulation to the heart of the patient is smaller, and the attack of arrhythmia of the patient is reduced; finally, the air bag 3 is softer, has fewer contact points, has smaller friction with the heart when moving, and can effectively reduce the pain of the patient.

In one embodiment, the number of the air bags 3 is at least 2, the air bags 3 are respectively and sequentially arranged on the outer side wall of the tube body 1, and the air bags 3 are not contacted with each other. The number of the air bags 3 is multiple, the air bags are sequentially arranged on the tube body 1 like beads, and a distance is reserved between each air bag 3 and the corresponding air bag 3 to arrange the side holes 2. Because the length of the part of the pericardial drainage tube extending into the body of a patient is shorter, the contact point of the air bag 3 and the heart or the pericardial cavity is increased by increasing the number of the air bags 3, and the slippage problem of the pericardial drainage tube can be further solved.

Further, the air bag 3 is an elastic air bag 3, when the air bag 3 is in an uninflated state, the air bag 3 is attached to the tube wall, and the operation that the pericardial drainage tube extends into the pericardial cavity of a patient cannot be influenced. When the air bag 3 is inflated, the air bag 3 is in a spindle shape, namely, two ends are narrow, and only the middle diameter is large, so that the contact area between the air bag 3 and a pericardial cavity is reduced to a point with the maximum middle diameter, the pericardial effusion is extruded by the air bag 3 and then flows into the side hole 2 along the gap to be drained out of the body, the stimulation to the heart of a patient when the pericardial drainage tube is moved is further reduced due to the reduction of the contact area, and the arrhythmia probability of the patient is reduced; in addition, the air bag 3 is an elastic air bag 3, which is relatively soft, so that the pain of the patient can be reduced, and the patient can experience more comfortably.

In one embodiment, the number of the side holes 2 is at least 2, the side holes 2 are paved on the tube wall of the tube body 1 without the air bags 3, and the side holes 2 are arranged between any two adjacent air bags 3. Furthermore, at least 2 side holes 2 are formed in the middle of any two adjacent air bags 3, and the side holes 2 are distributed on the periphery of the tube wall in a staggered and surrounding mode. Therefore, the side holes 2 are formed in the periphery of the pipe wall for drainage, and the problem that the side holes 2 are too few or are concentrated on one side of the pipe body 1 to cause blockage of the catheter is solved.

Preferably, the edge of the lateral hole 2 is recessed toward the inside of the tube wall, i.e., the outer sidewall of the tube body 1 is a smooth sidewall, which prevents the edge of the lateral hole 2 from protruding higher than the sidewall of the tube body 1, so that the protruding edge of the lateral hole 2 rubs against the pericardial cavity or heart when the pericardial drainage tube is inserted, causing pain to the heart of the patient.

Preferably, the outer surface of the side hole 2 is integrally provided with a screen, i.e., the edge of the side hole 2 is integrally extended inward with a net structure, and the net structure is covered on the surface of the side hole 2 as a screen. On one hand, the filter screen can filter objects such as fibers in the pericardial effusion, and further prevent the catheter from being blocked; on the other hand, since the screen is integrally provided above the side hole 2, it can function as a coupling conduit to some extent, enhancing the toughness of the present invention, preventing it from being suddenly broken in use due to the excessive side hole 2.

Preferably, the tube body 1 is made of soft medical silica gel, and the heart is sensitive and causes pain and discomfort to the patient to cause various diseases such as arrhythmia, so that the material of the pericardial drainage tube needs to be soft enough to ensure that the heart of the patient is not damaged and strong discomfort is not caused to the patient when the pericardial drainage tube moves in the patient. The material of the tube body 1 can adopt other soft medical materials except medical silica gel, and the softness is not lower than that of the currently used pigtail cardiac angiography catheter or central venous catheter.

Preferably, the length of the tube body 1 is 18-25 cm, the outer diameter of the tube body 1 is 1.5-2 mm, the diameter of the curled circular ring is smaller than 1 cm when the head end 11 is in a state without external force, and the pericardium drainage tube is suitable for actual operation of pericardium drainage, so that medical personnel can use the pericardium drainage tube more conveniently, and the use experience of patients is better.

Preferably, the number of inflation tube diameters 4 is at least 1; when the diameter of the inflation pipe 4 is 1, the inflation pipe 4 is communicated with all the air bags 3, so that the sequence of the air bags 3 is not well controlled when the air bags are inflated, but the structure is simple and the use is convenient; when the number of the inflation pipe diameters 4 is 2 or more, different inflation pipe diameters 4 respectively correspond to different air bags 3 so as to control the inflation sequence of the air bags 3; aerify mouth of

pipe

122 and 4 one-to-ones of pipe diameter of aerifing, can aerify the bloated through the different gasbag 3 of the mouth of pipe 122 control of aerifing of difference, can let gasbag 3 prop up in proper order according to the condition, medical personnel's maneuverability is stronger during the use.

Therefore, the pericardial effusion drainage tube is specially used for the drainage of the pericardial effusion, and structurally, the part of the head end entering the body of a patient is in the shape of an elastically curled ring pig tail, so that after the pericardial effusion drainage tube enters the body of the patient and a guide steel wire is removed, the head end can naturally recover to the shape of the ring pig tail, and compared with a straight tube, the pericardial effusion drainage tube is not easy to slide out, is beneficial to fixing the pericardial effusion in the body of the patient, and is more beneficial to drainage of the pericardial effusion.

The invention is a structure with an air bag, after the pericardial drainage tube extends into the pericardial cavity of a patient, the air bag is inflated to expand the pericardial drainage tube, on one hand, a space can be expanded around the pericardial drainage tube, thus facilitating drainage of pericardial effusion and solving the blockage problem of the drainage tube to a certain extent; on the other hand, the air bag is clamped in the pericardium after being unfolded, so that the fixing effect can be achieved, and the slippage problem of the pericardium drainage tube is solved; in addition, the air bag is in point contact with the heart, so that compared with the traditional drainage tube for drainage which is in direct contact with the heart, the stimulation to the heart of the patient is smaller, and the attack of arrhythmia of the patient is reduced; finally, the air bag is softer, the contact points are fewer, the friction between the heart and the air bag is smaller when the air bag moves, and the pain of a patient can be effectively reduced.

The side holes are arranged between the two adjacent air bags and are arranged on the periphery of the tube body in a surrounding mode, so that the side holes are formed in the periphery of the tube wall and can conduct drainage, and the problem that the catheter is blocked due to the fact that the side holes are too few or are concentrated on one side of the tube body is solved. The surface of the side hole is integrally provided with a net structure, so that not only can objects such as fibers in the pericardial effusion be filtered and the catheter be further prevented from being blocked, but also the catheter can be connected to a certain degree, the toughness of the invention is enhanced, and the fracture of the invention is prevented.

The present invention has been described in relation to the above embodiments, which are only exemplary of the implementation of the present invention. It should be noted that the disclosed embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. Rather, it is intended that all such modifications and variations be included within the spirit and scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A pericardial drainage tube is characterized in that: comprises a tube body, a side hole, an air bag and an inflation tube diameter;

the tube body comprises a head end and a tail end, the head end is in an elastic curled circular pig tail shape, the tail end comprises a drainage tube opening and an inflation tube opening, and the drainage tube opening is communicated with the interior of the tube body; the air bag is arranged on the outer side wall of the tube body, the side hole is formed in the tube wall of the tube body and communicated with the interior of the tube body, the inflation tube diameter is arranged on the inner side of the tube wall of the tube body, and the inflation tube diameter is communicated with the air bag and the inflation tube opening;

the number of the air bags is at least 2, the air bags are respectively and sequentially arranged on the outer side wall of the tube body, and the air bags are not contacted with each other; the air bag is an elastic air bag, and when the air bag is in an uninflated state, the air bag is attached to the pipe wall; after the air sac is inflated, the air sac is in a spindle shape, namely two ends are narrow, the middle diameter is large, and the contact area of the air sac and a pericardial cavity is reduced to a point with the largest middle diameter;

the number of the side holes is at least 2, the side holes are paved on the pipe wall of the pipe body without the air bags, and the side holes are formed in the middles of any two adjacent air bags;

after the pericardial drainage tube enters the pericardial cavity, the pericardial drainage tube at the head end automatically returns to a ring pig tail shape to hook the inside of the pericardial cavity, so that the pericardial drainage tube is not easy to slip off and is firmer compared with a straight tube; and then the air bag is inflated from the inflation pipe opening, the air bag is supported and clamped in the pericardial cavity, and a gap is reserved between the pericardial drainage pipe and the pericardial wall so as to better drain the pericardial effusion.

2. The pericardial drain of claim 1, wherein: at least 2 side holes are formed in the middles of any two adjacent air bags, and the side holes are distributed on the periphery of the tube wall in a staggered and surrounding mode.

3. The pericardial drain of claim 1, wherein: the edge of the side hole is sunken towards the interior of the pipe wall, namely the outer side wall of the pipe body is a smooth side wall.

4. The pericardial drain of claim 1, wherein: the outer surface of the side hole is integrally provided with a filter screen.

5. The pericardial drain of claim 1, wherein: the tube body is made of medical silica gel with soft material.

6. The pericardial drain of claim 1, wherein: the length of the tube body is 18-25 cm, the outer diameter of the tube body is 1.5-2 mm, and the diameter of the curled circular ring is smaller than 1 cm when the head end is in a no-external-force state.

7. The pericardial drain of claim 1, wherein: the number of the inflatable pipe diameters is at least 1; when the diameter of the inflation pipe is 1, the inflation pipe is communicated with all the air bags; when the number of the inflation pipe diameters is at least 2, different inflation pipe diameters respectively correspond to different air bags so as to control the inflation sequence of the air bags; the inflation pipe openings correspond to the inflation pipe diameters one by one.