CN110121370B

CN110121370B - Heat exchanger and artificial lung

Info

Publication number: CN110121370B
Application number: CN201880005242.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 行天章; 松本航
Original assignee: Terumo Corp
Current assignee: Terumo Corp
Priority date: 2017-01-26
Filing date: 2018-01-18
Publication date: 2023-03-28
Anticipated expiration: 2038-01-18
Also published as: EP3574939A1; WO2018139333A1; JPWO2018139333A1; CN110121370A; US20190336667A1; EP3574939A4; US11534536B2; JP7061580B2

Abstract

The heat exchanger is provided with a hollow fiber membrane layer having a plurality of hollow fiber membranes and formed by gathering the plurality of hollow fiber membranes, and a fixing portion for fixing both end portions of the hollow fiber membranes from the outside of the hollow fiber membranes, and is characterized in that the fixing portion mainly contains polyurethane, the hollow fiber membranes have a heat conduction layer containing high-density polyethylene, and an adhesive layer mainly containing a modified polyolefin resin, and the adhesive layer is provided on the outside of the heat conduction layer and is adhered to the fixing portion.

Description

Heat exchanger and artificial lung

Technical Field

The invention relates to a heat exchanger and an artificial lung.

Background

Conventionally, a heat exchanger and an artificial lung each having a hollow fiber membrane layer formed of a plurality of hollow fiber membranes and having a cylindrical overall shape have been known. The hollow fiber membrane sheet described in patent document 1 can be applied to the hollow fiber membrane layer formed in a cylindrical shape. The hollow fiber membrane sheet described in patent document 1 is obtained by arranging a plurality of hollow fiber membranes substantially in parallel to form horizontal yarns and joining the horizontal yarns together with vertical yarns to form a curtain shape. Further, when such a curtain-like hollow fiber membrane sheet is folded, a hollow fiber membrane layer having a prismatic external shape or a hollow fiber membrane layer having a cylindrical external shape may be formed. Such a hollow fiber membrane layer is housed inside a housing, and both ends of the hollow fiber membrane layer are fixed to the housing via partition walls (fixing portions).

In clinical sites using artificial lungs, in order to reduce the burden on patients, it is required to reduce the total volume of the space between the hollow fiber membranes, that is, the blood filling amount. In order to reduce the amount of blood filled in the hollow fiber membrane layer while maintaining the heat exchange performance, it is considered to use a material having high thermal conductivity.

However, when high-density polyethylene, which is a high thermal conductivity resin material, is used, the adhesion between the hollow fiber membrane layer and the partition wall is insufficient, and the hollow fiber membrane layer and the partition wall may be peeled off. Due to this peeling, the heat medium (water or hot water) passing through the inside of each hollow fiber membrane may flow out to the outside of the hollow fiber membrane and be mixed into the blood of the patient.

Documents of the prior art

Patent document

Patent document 1: japanese examined patent publication No. 6-96098

Disclosure of Invention

Problems to be solved by the invention

An object of the present invention is to provide a heat exchanger and an artificial lung that can reduce the amount of liquid (e.g., blood) to be filled into the heat exchanger and can improve the adhesion between a hollow fiber membrane layer and a fixed portion.

Means for solving the problems

The above object can be achieved by the following inventions (1) to (9).

(1) A heat exchanger including a hollow fiber membrane layer having a plurality of hollow fiber membranes and formed by collecting the plurality of hollow fiber membranes, and a fixing portion fixing both end portions of the hollow fiber membranes from an outer side of the hollow fiber membranes,

the fixing part mainly comprises polyurethane, and the fixing part mainly comprises polyurethane,

the hollow fiber membrane has a heat conduction layer containing high-density polyethylene and an adhesive layer mainly containing modified polyolefin resin, and the adhesive layer is arranged on the outer side of the heat conduction layer and is adhered to the fixing portion.

(2) The heat exchanger according to the above (1), further comprising a barrier layer provided outside the heat conductive layer and inside the adhesive layer, wherein the barrier layer has a barrier property against hydrogen peroxide.

(3) The heat exchanger according to (1) or (2) above, wherein the adhesive layer contains a modified polyethylene.

(4) The heat exchanger according to any one of the above (1) to (3), wherein the barrier layer mainly contains a crystalline resin material.

(5) The heat exchanger according to any one of the above (1) to (4), wherein the heat conductive layer has a thermal conductivity of 0.3W/m · K or more and 0.6W/m · K or less.

(6) The heat exchanger according to any one of the above (1) to (5), wherein the hollow fiber membrane has an outer diameter of 1mm or less.

(7) The heat exchanger according to any one of the above (1) to (6), wherein the hollow fiber membrane layer is formed in a shape of a cylinder, and the hollow fiber membrane layer is formed by winding the hollow fiber membrane around a central axis of the cylinder obliquely with respect to the central axis of the cylinder.

(8) The heat exchanger according to any one of the above (1) to (6), wherein the hollow fiber membrane layer is formed in a cylindrical shape, and has vertical threads in which the hollow fiber membrane is arranged along a central axis of the cylindrical body and horizontal threads in which the hollow fiber membrane is arranged in a direction intersecting the central axis of the cylindrical body, and the hollow fiber membrane layer is woven from the vertical threads and the horizontal threads.

(9) An artificial lung characterized by comprising the heat exchanger according to any one of the above (1) to (8).

Effects of the invention

According to the present invention, the adhesion between the adhesive layer located on the outermost layer of the hollow fiber membrane and the fixing portion can be improved. This prevents the hollow fiber membrane layers from separating from the fixing portions, and prevents the heat medium (water or hot water) passing through the inside of each hollow fiber membrane from flowing out of the hollow fiber membrane and mixing into the blood of the patient.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a plan view of an artificial lung provided with a heat exchanger (first embodiment) of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a view of the artificial lung shown in fig. 1 as viewed from the direction of arrow a.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along line B-B of fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a view seen from the direction of arrow C in fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line E-E of fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a view showing a process of manufacturing the hollow fiber membrane layer of the artificial lung shown in fig. 1 by purging (a is a perspective view, and b is an expanded view).

Fig. 8 is a view showing a process of manufacturing the hollow fiber membrane layer provided in the artificial lung shown in fig. 1 (a is a perspective view, and (b) is an expanded view).

Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a hollow fiber membrane included in the hollow fiber membrane layer shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 10 is a plan view showing a hollow fiber membrane sheet before being formed into a hollow fiber membrane layer provided in a heat exchanger (second embodiment) of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a perspective view showing a hollow fiber membrane layer formed by folding the hollow fiber membrane sheet shown in fig. 10.

Fig. 12 is a perspective view showing a hollow fiber membrane layer provided in a heat exchanger (third embodiment) of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Hereinafter, the heat exchanger and the artificial lung according to the present invention will be described in detail based on preferred embodiments shown in the drawings.

< first embodiment >

Fig. 1 is a plan view of an artificial lung provided with a heat exchanger (first embodiment) of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a view of the artificial lung shown in fig. 1 as viewed from the direction of arrow a. Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along line B-B of fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a view seen from the direction of arrow C in fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken along line E-E of fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a view showing a process of manufacturing the hollow fiber membrane layer included in the artificial lung shown in fig. 1 (a is a perspective view, and (b) is an expanded view). Fig. 8 is a view showing a process of manufacturing the hollow fiber membrane layer included in the artificial lung shown in fig. 1 (a is a perspective view, and (b) is an expanded view). Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a hollow fiber membrane included in the hollow fiber membrane layer shown in fig. 1.

In fig. 1, 3, 4, and 7 to 9, the left side is referred to as "left" or "left (one side)" and the right side is referred to as "right" or "right (the other side)". In fig. 1 to 6, the inner side of the artificial lung is referred to as "blood inflow side" or "upstream side", and the outer side is referred to as "blood outflow side" or "downstream side".

The artificial lung 10 shown in fig. 1 to 5 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape as a whole. The artificial lung 10 is an artificial lung with a heat exchanger, and includes a heat exchange portion 10B provided inside and performing heat exchange with blood, and an artificial lung 10A as a gas exchange portion provided on the outer peripheral side of the heat exchange portion 10B and performing gas exchange with blood. The artificial lung 10 may be used, for example, in a blood extracorporeal circuit.

The artificial lung 10 has a casing 2A, and the artificial lung 10A and a heat exchange unit 10B (heat exchanger) are housed in the casing 2A.

The case 2A is composed of a cylindrical case body 21A, a disk-shaped first lid 22A that seals the left end opening of the cylindrical case body 21A, and a disk-shaped second lid 23A that seals the right end opening of the cylindrical case body 21A.

The cylindrical case body 21A, the first lid 22A, and the second lid 23A are made of a resin material. The first lid 22A and the second lid 23A are fixed to the cylindrical case body 21A by a method such as welding or adhesion with an adhesive.

A tubular blood outflow port 28 is formed in the outer peripheral portion of the cylindrical housing main body 21A. The blood outflow port 28 protrudes in a substantially tangential direction of the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical housing main body 21A (see fig. 5).

A tubular purge port 205 is formed in an outer peripheral portion of the cylindrical housing main body 21A in a protruding manner. The purge port 205 is formed in the outer peripheral portion of the cylindrical casing body 21A so that the central axis thereof intersects the central axis of the cylindrical casing body 21A.

A tubular gas outlet port 27 is formed in the first lid 22A in a protruding manner. The gas outflow port 27 is formed in the outer peripheral portion of the first cover 22A such that the center axis thereof intersects the center of the first cover 22A (see fig. 2).

The blood inlet port 201 protrudes from the end surface of the first cover 22A so that the central axis thereof is eccentric with respect to the center of the first cover 22A.

A tubular gas inlet port 26, a heat medium inlet port 202, and a heat medium outlet port 203 are formed in the second cover body 23A in a protruding manner. The gas inflow port 26 is formed in an edge portion of the end surface of the second cover 23A. The heat medium inflow port 202 and the heat medium outflow port 203 are formed in substantially the center of the end surface of the second cover 23A. The center lines of the heat medium inflow port 202 and the heat medium outflow port 203 are slightly inclined with respect to the center line of the second cover 23A.

In the present invention, the overall shape of the housing 2A is not necessarily formed in a complete cylindrical shape, and may be, for example, a shape partially lacking or a shape with an added irregular portion.

As shown in fig. 3 and 5, a cylindrical artificial lung 10A formed along the inner circumferential surface of the housing 2A is housed in the housing 2A. The artificial lung 10A is composed of a cylindrical hollow fiber membrane layer 3A and a filter member 41A as an air bubble removing means 4A provided on the outer circumferential side of the hollow fiber membrane layer 3A. The hollow fiber membrane layer 3A and the filter member 41A are arranged in this order from the blood inflow side, i.e., the hollow fiber membrane layer 3A and the filter member 41A.

Further, a cylindrical heat exchange portion 10B formed along the inner peripheral surface of the artificial lung 10A is provided inside the artificial lung 10A. The heat exchange portion 10B has a hollow fiber membrane layer 3B.

As shown in fig. 6, each of the hollow

fiber membrane layers

3A and 3B is composed of a plurality of hollow fiber membranes 31, and the hollow fiber membranes 31 are stacked in layers and laminated. The number of layers is not particularly limited, but is preferably, for example, 3 to 40 layers. Each of the hollow fiber membranes 31 of the hollow fiber membrane layer 3A has a gas exchange function. On the other hand, each hollow fiber membrane 31 of the hollow fiber membrane layer 3B has a function of performing heat exchange.

As shown in fig. 3, both end portions of the hollow

fiber membrane layers

3A and 3B are collectively fixed to the inner surface of the cylindrical housing main body 21A by

partition walls

8 and 9. The

partition walls

8 and 9 mainly contain polyurethane.

Further, the inner peripheral portion of the hollow fiber membrane layer 3B is engaged with the concave-convex portion 244 formed on the outer peripheral portion of the first cylindrical member 241. By this engagement and the fixation by the

partition walls

8 and 9, the hollow fiber membrane layer 3B is reliably fixed to the cylindrical housing main body 21A, and thus, the occurrence of positional displacement of the hollow fiber membrane layer 3B during use of the artificial lung 10 can be reliably prevented. The concave-convex portion 244 also functions as a channel for allowing blood B to flow around the entire hollow fiber membrane layer 3B.

Note that, as shown in fig. 5, the maximum outer diameter Φ D1 of the hollow fiber membrane layer 3A _max Preferably 20mm to 200mm, more preferably 40mm to 150mm. Maximum outer diameter phi D2 of the hollow fiber membrane layer 3B _max Preferably 10mm to 150mm, more preferably 20mm to 100mm. As shown in fig. 3, the length L of the hollow

fiber membrane layers

3A and 3B in the central axis direction is preferably 30mm to 250mm, and more preferably 50mm to 200mm. By satisfying the above conditions, the gas exchange function of the hollow fiber membrane layer 3A becomes excellent, and the heat exchange function of the hollow fiber membrane layer 3B becomes excellent.

A blood channel 33 through which the blood supply B flows from the upper side to the lower side in fig. 6 is formed in the outer side of each hollow fiber membrane 31 between the partition wall 8 and the partition wall 9 in the housing 2A, that is, in the space between the hollow fiber membranes 31.

On the upstream side of the blood channel 33, a blood inflow side space 24A communicating with the blood inflow port 201 is formed as a blood inflow portion of the blood B flowing in from the blood inflow port 201 (see fig. 3 and 5).

The blood inflow side space 24A is a space defined by a first cylindrical member 241 formed in a cylindrical shape and a plate piece 242, and the plate piece 242 is disposed inside the first cylindrical member 241 and is disposed so as to face a part of the inner peripheral portion thereof. The blood B having flowed into the blood inflow side space 24A can flow through the entire blood channel 33 via the plurality of side holes 243 formed in the first cylindrical member 241.

Further, a second cylindrical member 245 disposed concentrically with the first cylindrical member 241 is disposed inside the first cylindrical member 241. As shown in fig. 3, the heat medium H such as water flowing in from the heat medium inflow port 202 passes through the flow paths (hollow portions) 32 of the hollow fiber membranes 31 of the hollow fiber membrane layers 3B positioned on the outer peripheral side of the first cylindrical member 241 and the inside of the second cylindrical member 245 in this order, and is discharged from the heat medium outflow port 203. When the heat medium H passes through the channels 32 of the hollow fiber membranes 31, heat exchange (heating or cooling) is performed between the blood B in contact with the hollow fiber membranes 31 in the blood channel 33.

A filter member 41A is disposed downstream of the blood channel 33, and the filter member 41A has a function of trapping air bubbles present in the blood B flowing through the blood channel 33.

The filter member 41A is formed of a sheet-like member (hereinafter, also simply referred to as "sheet") formed in a substantially rectangular shape, and is formed by winding the sheet around the outer periphery of the hollow fiber membrane layer 3A. Both end portions of the filter member 41A are also fixed to the case 2A by the

partition walls

8 and 9, respectively (see fig. 3). The filter member 41A is provided so that its inner peripheral surface is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the hollow fiber membrane layer 3A, and preferably covers substantially the entire outer peripheral surface.

In addition, even if bubbles are present in the blood flowing through the blood channel 33, the filter member 41A can trap the bubbles (see fig. 6). The air bubbles trapped in the filter member 41A are pressurized by the blood flow and enter the hollow fiber membranes 31 in the vicinity of the filter member 41A, and as a result, are removed from the blood channel 33.

Further, a cylindrical gap is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the filter member 41A and the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical housing body 21A, and this gap forms the blood outflow side space 25A. The blood outflow space 25A and the blood outflow port 28 communicating with the blood outflow space 25A constitute a blood outflow portion. The blood outflow portion has the blood outflow side space 25A, so that a space for the blood B having passed through the filter member 41A to flow toward the blood outflow port 28 is secured, and the blood B can be smoothly discharged.

As shown in fig. 3, an annular rib 291 protrudes from the inside of the first cover 22A. And, the first chamber 221a is defined by the first lid 22A, the rib 291, and the partition wall 8. The first chamber 221a is a gas outflow chamber through which the gas G flows out. The left end opening of each hollow fiber membrane 31 of the hollow fiber membrane layer 3A is open to the first chamber 221a, and communicates with the first chamber 221a. In the artificial lung 10, the gas outflow port 27 and the first chamber 221a constitute a gas outflow portion. On the other hand, an annular rib 292 is also formed to protrude inside the second cover 23A. And, the second chamber 231a is defined by the second cover 23A, the rib 292, and the partition wall 9. The second chamber 231a is a gas inflow chamber into which the gas G flows. The right end opening of each hollow fiber membrane 31 of the hollow fiber membrane layer 3A is open to the second chamber 231a and communicates with the second chamber 231a. In the artificial lung 10, the gas inflow port 26 and the second chamber 231a constitute a gas inflow portion.

Here, the flow of blood in the artificial lung 10 of the present embodiment will be described.

In the artificial lung 10, the blood B flowing in from the blood inflow port 201 passes through the blood inflow side space 24A and the side hole 243 in this order and flows into the heat exchange portion 10B. In the heat exchange portion 10B, the blood B flows in the downstream direction through the blood flow path 33, and contacts the surface of each hollow fiber membrane 31 of the heat exchange portion 10B to perform heat exchange (heating or cooling). The blood B heat-exchanged as described above flows into the artificial lung 10A.

Then, in the artificial lung 10A, the blood B flows further in the downstream direction in the blood flow path 33. On the other hand, the gas (gas containing oxygen) supplied from the gas inlet port 26 is distributed from the second chamber 231a to the flow paths 32 of the hollow fiber membranes 31 of the artificial lung 10A, flows through the flow paths 32, is collected in the first chamber 221a, and is discharged from the gas outlet port 27. The blood B flowing through the blood channel 33 contacts the surface of each hollow fiber membrane 31 of the artificial lung 10A, and exchanges gas with the gas G flowing through the channel 32, that is, performs oxygenation and carbon dioxide removal.

When bubbles are mixed in the blood B subjected to gas exchange, the bubbles are captured by the filter member 41A, and can be prevented from flowing out to the downstream side of the filter member 41A.

The blood B from which the heat exchange, the gas exchange, and the bubble removal have been performed in this order flows out from the blood outflow port 28.

As described above, each of the hollow

fiber membrane layers

3A and 3B is composed of a plurality of hollow fiber membranes 31. Since the hollow

fiber membrane layers

3A and 3B have the same hollow fiber membrane 31 except for different applications, the description will be given below with the hollow fiber membrane layer 3A as a representative.

Inner diameter phid of hollow fiber membrane 31 ₁ Preferably 50 μm or more and 700 μm or less, more preferably 70 μm or more and 600 μm or less (see fig. 6). Outer diameter phid of hollow fiber membrane 31 ₂ Preferably 100 μm or more and 1000 μm or less, more preferably 120 μm or more and 800 μm or less (see fig. 6). In addition, the inside diameter φ d ₁ And outer diameter phid ₂ Ratio of d ₁ /d ₂ Preferably 0.5 or more and 0.9 or less, and more preferably 0.6 or more and 0.8 or less. Each of the hollow fiber membranes 31 satisfying the above conditions can reduce the pressure loss when the gas G flows through the flow path 32, which is the hollow portion of the hollow fiber membrane 31, while maintaining the strength thereof, and also contribute to maintaining the wound state of the hollow fiber membrane 31. E.g. inner diameter phid ₁ If the thickness is larger than the above upper limit, the thickness of the hollow fiber membrane 31 becomes thin, and the strength is lowered depending on other conditions. In addition, the inside diameter φ d ₁ If the pressure is lower than the lower limit value, the pressure loss when the gas G flows through the hollow fiber membranes 31 increases depending on other conditions.

In addition, the distance between the adjacent hollow fiber membranes 31 is preferably Φ d ₂ 1/10 or more and 1/1 or less.

The method for producing such a hollow fiber membrane 31 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a method using extrusion molding, and a method using a drawing method or a solid-liquid separation method. By this method, a film having a predetermined inner diameter phid can be produced ₁ And an outer diameter phid ₂ The hollow fiber membranes 31.

As a constituent material of each hollow fiber membrane 31, for example, a hydrophobic polymer material such as polypropylene, polyethylene, polysulfone, polyacrylonitrile, polytetrafluoroethylene, polymethylpentene, or the like can be used, and a polyolefin resin is preferable, and polypropylene is more preferable. Selecting such a resin material contributes to maintaining the wound state of the hollow fiber membrane 31 and also contributes to cost reduction in manufacturing.

The hollow fiber membrane layer 3A is produced by winding the plurality of hollow fiber membranes 31 described above around a cylindrical core member as follows.

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the hollow fiber membrane 31 is reciprocated in the direction of the central axis O while being wound around the central axis O of the first cylindrical member 241 (cylindrical body). At this time, the hollow fiber membrane 31 is wound from the starting point 311 on the left side in the center axis O direction to the right side. On the right side, the hollow fiber membranes 31 are folded back at a folding back point (folding back section) 312. Then, the hollow fiber membrane 31 returns to the left again to reach the end point 313. For example, in the winding method shown in fig. 7, the hollow fiber membrane 31 is wound in the order of arrow i → ii → iii → iv → v. During the one round trip, as shown in fig. 7, the hollow fiber membranes 31 are wound around a predetermined number of turns N. In the winding method shown in fig. 7, N =1, the hollow fiber membrane 31 is wound around the central axis O1 during one round trip. In the winding method shown in fig. 8, the hollow fiber membrane 31 is wound in the order of arrow i → ii → iii → iv → v → vi → vii. During the one round trip, as shown in fig. 8, the hollow fiber membranes 31 are wound around the central axis O2.

As described above, the hollow fiber membrane layer 3A is formed by winding the hollow fiber membrane 31 around the central axis while being inclined with respect to the central axis of the hollow fiber membrane layer.

As shown in fig. 9, an example of the laminated structure of the hollow fiber membranes 31 includes a laminate including a heat conductive layer 5, an adhesive layer 6, and a barrier layer 7, and the heat conductive layer, the adhesive layer, and the barrier layer are laminated in this order from the inside.

The heat conductive layer 5 has a higher thermal conductivity than the adhesive layer 6 and the barrier layer 7, and plays a role of increasing the thermal conductivity of the hollow fiber membrane 31.

The heat conductive layer 5 has a thermal conductivity at 20 ℃ of preferably 0.3W/mK or more and 0.6W/mK or less, and more preferably 0.4W/mK or more and 0.6W/mK or less. This can more reliably exhibit the above-described effects.

The material of the heat conductive layer 5 is not particularly limited as long as the above-mentioned effects can be exerted, and at least one selected from the group consisting of a polyolefin, a polyamide such as nylon 66, a polyurethane, a polyethylene terephthalate, a polybutylene terephthalate, a polyester such as a polycyclohexylterephthalate (Japanese: ポリシク, ヘキサンテレフ, p レ), a polytetrafluoroethylene, an ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, and other fluorine-based resins can be used. Among them, high density polyethylene is preferable. This can reliably exhibit the above-described effects.

Thickness T of heat-conducting layer 5 ₅ Preferably 10 to 60 μm, more preferably 20 to 50 μm. This can sufficiently improve the thermal conductivity of the hollow fiber membrane 31.

The adhesive layer 6 is a layer that may be located at the outermost layer of the hollow fiber membrane 31. The adhesive layer 6 is a portion that can be brought into contact with the

partition walls

8 and 9, and is fixed to the

partition walls

8 and 9.

Here, from the viewpoint of preventing the hollow fiber membrane layer 3B (the same applies to the hollow fiber membrane layer 3A) from peeling off and separating from the

partition walls

8 and 9, the hollow fiber membrane 31 is required to have adhesion to the

partition walls

8 and 9 particularly when the adhesive layer 6 is located at the outermost layer. As described above, the

partition walls

8 and 9 mainly contain polyurethane. That is, the adhesive layer 6 is required to have high adhesion to polyurethane.

In particular, when an olefin resin such as high-density polyethylene is used for the heat conductive layer, the adhesiveness of the olefin resin to another resin is insufficient, and therefore, it is necessary to provide an adhesive layer between the olefin resin and polyurethane to improve the adhesiveness. Therefore, in the present invention, the adhesive layer 6 mainly contains a modified polyolefin resin. This can improve the adhesion between the adhesive layer 6 and the

partition walls

8 and 9, and prevent the hollow

fiber membrane layers

3A and 3B from being unintentionally separated from the

partition walls

8 and 9.

The polyolefin resin is preferably a modified polyolefin resin, and more preferably a modified polyethylene. Examples of the modified polyethylene include acrylic acid-modified polyethylene, silicon-modified polyethylene, and maleic anhydride-modified polyethylene. This can further improve the adhesion between the adhesive layer 6 and the

partition walls

8 and 9.

Thickness T of the adhesive layer 6 ₇ Preferably 3 μm or more and 40 μm or less, and more preferably 10 μm or more and 30 μm or less. This can more reliably exhibit the above-described effects.

The barrier layer 7 has barrier properties against hydrogen peroxide. This prevents the hollow fiber membrane 31 from permeating hydrogen peroxide in the aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution and increasing the hydrogen peroxide concentration in blood.

The oxygen permeability coefficient at 25 ℃ of the barrier layer 7 is preferably 0.1cc cm/m ² 24h/atm or more and 6cc cm/m ² 24h/atm or less, more preferably 0.5cc cm/m ² 24h/atm or more and 3.8cc cm/m ² 24h/atm or less. This can more reliably prevent the hollow fiber membrane 31 from permeating hydrogen peroxide. Since the oxygen permeability coefficient and the hydrogen peroxide permeation amount have a correlation under predetermined conditions, it is found that the permeation of hydrogen peroxide can be prevented by defining the oxygen permeability coefficient.

The barrier layer 7 is made of a crystalline resin material as a main material. In the present specification, the "crystalline resin material" refers to a resin having a high ratio of crystal domains in which molecular chains are regularly arranged, and examples thereof include Polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyamide (PA), polyacetal (POM), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), syndiotactic Polystyrene (SPS), polyphenylene Sulfide (PPs), polyether ether ketone (PEEK), liquid Crystal Polymer (LCP), polyether nitrile (PEN), ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH), and the like, and among them, aliphatic polyamide is preferable.

The aliphatic polyamide is preferably an aliphatic polyamide having N/N of 9 or more, for example, at least one of polyamide 11, polyamide 12, polyamide 10-10, and polyamide 10-12, when the number of carbon atoms of an amide group contained in a molecule of the aliphatic polyamide is N and the number of carbon atoms of a methylene group is N. This can sufficiently reduce the hydrogen peroxide permeation amount. On the other hand, when at least one of polyamide 11, polyamide 12, polyamide 6, and polyamide 66 is used, the oxygen permeability coefficient can be sufficiently reduced. Further, by using an aliphatic polyamide having an N/N of 9 or more, the water absorption rate of the barrier layer 7 can be made 2% or less. This makes it possible to exhibit high hydrophobicity with respect to the heat medium containing the aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution. Since hydrogen peroxide has high affinity for water, hydrogen peroxide is likely to permeate when the water absorption is high, and excessive permeation of hydrogen peroxide can be prevented by setting the water absorption of the barrier layer 7 to 2% or less.

In addition, the thickness T of the barrier layer 7 ₆ Preferably 1 to 60 μm, more preferably 10 to 30 μm. If the barrier layer 7 is too thin, a tendency that the hydrogen peroxide permeation amount increases is shown. If the barrier layer 7 is too thick, the outer diameter of the hollow fiber membranes 31 tends to increase when the inner diameter of the hollow fiber membranes 31 is sufficiently secured, and as a result, the amount of blood packed increases, which may increase the burden on the user.

< second embodiment >

Fig. 10 is a plan view showing a hollow fiber membrane sheet before being formed into a hollow fiber membrane layer provided in a heat exchanger (second embodiment) of the present invention. Fig. 11 is a perspective view showing a hollow fiber membrane layer formed by folding the hollow fiber membrane sheet shown in fig. 10.

Hereinafter, a second embodiment of the heat exchanger according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings, but differences from the above embodiment will be mainly described, and descriptions of the same matters will be omitted.

This embodiment is the same as the first embodiment except that the structure of the hollow fiber membrane layer is different.

The hollow fiber membrane layer 3C in the artificial lung 10 in the present embodiment is composed of a hollow fiber membrane sheet 300 shown in fig. 11.

The hollow fiber membrane sheet 300 has vertical threads 31a formed of a plurality of hollow fiber membranes 31 and horizontal threads 31b formed of a plurality of hollow fiber membranes 31, and is a sheet formed by weaving the vertical threads and the horizontal threads.

As shown in fig. 11, the hollow fiber membrane sheet 300 is alternately folded back in the plane direction to form a hollow fiber membrane layer 3C having a prismatic outer shape.

The hollow fiber membrane layer 3C can also provide the same effects as those of the first embodiment.

< third embodiment >

Hereinafter, a third embodiment of the heat exchanger according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawing, but differences from the above-described embodiments will be mainly described, and descriptions of the same matters will be omitted.

This embodiment is the same as the first embodiment except that the configuration of the hollow fiber membrane layer is different.

As shown in fig. 12, the hollow fiber membrane layer 3D is formed by winding the hollow fiber membrane sheet 300 shown in fig. 11 a plurality of times into a roll shape and molding the same into a cylindrical shape.

The present embodiment described above can also provide the same effects as those of the first and second embodiments described above.

The heat exchanger and the artificial lung of the present invention have been described above based on the illustrated embodiments, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

In addition, the hollow fiber membranes of the hollow fiber membrane layer constituting the artificial lung and the hollow fiber membranes of the hollow fiber membrane layer constituting the heat exchange portion are the same in the above-described embodiment, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and for example, one (the former) hollow fiber membrane may be thinner than the other (the latter) hollow fiber membrane, or both the hollow fiber membranes may be constituted by materials different from each other.

In the above embodiment, the heat exchange portion and the artificial lung are disposed inside and the artificial lung is disposed outside, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the artificial lung may be disposed inside and the heat exchange portion may be disposed outside. In this case, the blood flows from the outside toward the inside.

Industrial applicability

The heat exchanger is provided with a hollow fiber membrane layer having a plurality of hollow fiber membranes and formed by gathering the plurality of hollow fiber membranes, and a fixing portion for fixing both end portions of the hollow fiber membranes from the outside of the hollow fiber membranes, and is characterized in that the fixing portion mainly contains polyurethane, the hollow fiber membranes have a heat conduction layer containing high-density polyethylene, and an adhesive layer mainly containing a modified polyolefin resin, and the adhesive layer is provided on the outside of the heat conduction layer and is adhered to the fixing portion. This improves the adhesion between the adhesive layer located on the outermost layer of the hollow fiber membrane and the fixing portion. This prevents the hollow fiber membrane layers from separating from the fixing portions, and prevents the heat medium (water or hot water) passing through the inside of each hollow fiber membrane from flowing out of the hollow fiber membrane and mixing into the blood of the patient.

Description of the reference numerals

10. Artificial lung

10A artificial lung

10B heat exchange part

2A outer casing

3A hollow fiber membrane layer

3B hollow fiber film layer

3C hollow fiber film layer

3D hollow fiber membrane layer

4A bubble removing mechanism

41A filter member

5. Heat conducting layer

6. Adhesive layer

7. Barrier layer

8. Partition wall

9. Partition wall

21A cylindrical housing body

22A first cover body

221a first chamber

23A second cover body

231a second chamber

24A blood inflow side space

241. A first cylindrical member

242. Sheet bar

243. Side hole

244. Concave-convex part

245. Second cylindrical member

25A blood outflow side space

26. Gas inflow port

27. Gas outflow port

28. Blood outflow port

291. Ribs

292. Ribs

31. Hollow fiber membrane

31a longitudinal filament

31b horizontal filament

311. Starting point

312. Point of return

313. Terminal point

32. Flow path

33. Blood flow path

201. Blood inflow port

202. Heat medium inflow port

203. Heat medium outflow port

205. Purge port

300. Hollow fiber membrane sheet

B blood

G gas

H heat medium

Length of L

O center shaft

T ₅ Thickness of

T ₆ Thickness of

T ₇ Thickness of

φD1 _max Maximum outer diameter

φD2 _max Most preferablyLarge outside diameter

φd ₁ Inner diameter

φd ₂ Outer diameter

Claims

1. A heat exchanger including a hollow fiber membrane layer having a plurality of hollow fiber membranes and formed by collecting the plurality of hollow fiber membranes, and a fixing portion for fixing both end portions of the hollow fiber membranes from outside of the hollow fiber membranes, the heat exchanger being characterized in that,

the hollow fiber membrane has the heat-conducting layer that contains high density polyethylene, sets up the barrier layer in the outside of heat-conducting layer and setting are in the outside of barrier layer and contain the adhesive linkage of modified polyethylene, the adhesive linkage in the fixed part, the barrier layer has the separation nature to hydrogen peroxide.

2. The heat exchanger of claim 1, wherein the barrier layer comprises predominantly a crystalline resin material.

3. The heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heat conductive layer has a thermal conductivity of 0.3W/m-K or more and 0.6W/m-K or less.

4. The heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the outer diameter of the hollow fiber membrane is 1mm or less.

5. The heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the hollow fiber membrane layer is formed in a shape of a cylinder, the hollow fiber membrane layer being wound around a central axis of the cylinder obliquely with respect to the central axis of the cylinder.

6. The heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the hollow fiber membrane layer is formed in a cylindrical shape, and has longitudinal threads in which the hollow fiber membrane is arranged along a central axis of the cylindrical body, and transverse threads in which the hollow fiber membrane is arranged in a direction intersecting the central axis of the cylindrical body, and the hollow fiber membrane layer is woven from the longitudinal threads and the transverse threads.

7. An artificial lung comprising the heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 6.