CN110120783A - A kind of photovoltaic plant addressing measuring device - Google Patents
A kind of photovoltaic plant addressing measuring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110120783A CN110120783A CN201910364786.8A CN201910364786A CN110120783A CN 110120783 A CN110120783 A CN 110120783A CN 201910364786 A CN201910364786 A CN 201910364786A CN 110120783 A CN110120783 A CN 110120783A
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S50/00—Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Abstract
The invention discloses the illuminance measurement units that a kind of photovoltaic plant addressing measuring device includes: for measuring solar illuminance, for measuring the temperature measurement unit of indoor and outdoor surroundings temperature, for obtaining the global positioning system unit of outdoor unobstructed environment longitude and latitude and Time of Day data, for monitoring illuminance measurement failure, disconnection fault, battery capacity deficiency failure, the GPRS/GSM alarm unit of data record abnormal failure, for measuring the wind speed acquisition unit of wind speed size, solar panel and its framework unit, first generated energy acquisition unit and micro controller unit MCU.The present invention determines a possibility that building photovoltaic plant by the meteorological data where accurately obtaining installation site, and relative to historical data and meteorological data, these data are more accurate reliable, thus can effectively improve the power benefit of photovoltaic plant；The present invention uses RS485 bus structures, and installation is simple, reliable operation, unattended, data record is detailed, has remote alarms and data communication facility.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to solar energy equipment technologies, more particularly relate to a kind of photovoltaic plant addressing measuring device.
Background technique
The addressing of photovoltaic plant is particularly significant for energy efficiency and the benefit of power generation.The political affairs of photovoltaic plant addressing and government
Plan, annual sunshine hour number, local electricity price, geological disaster, unsurmountable engineer obstacle, land use budgetary estimate, big gas bar
The hydrology, wind-force, dust, salt fog influence in part and the factors such as power Transmission are related.Therefore feasibility assessment is needed early period.?
Here in factor, annual radiant all quality and annual sunshine hour number are one of most important parameters.Traditional method is that basis is gone through
Solar radiation meteorological data obtains in history.If the not meteorological data of this area, the solar radiation gas of neighborhood is referred to
Image data is as reference.Under normal circumstances, as can 1 year or more solar radiation data is obtained, to photovoltaic power generation project site selection
Work can be used as one of judgment basis.
But traditional data merely provide horizontal radiation peak year mean hours number, horizontal radiation peak value annual
Hourage or peak value day, number sunshine hour these data after hourage, horizontal radiation conversion.These data cannot be with the shape of curve
Formula reflects the case where each moon solar radiation in 1 year, only an average value.Such as the summer that sunshine is most strong, one day, one
A month, a quarterday shone amount of radiation curve graph, when winter sunshine is most weak, one day, and a month solar radiation amount curve graph.
Annual solar radiation amount curve graph daily, annual solar radiation every month amount curve graph.If obtaining these data, day peak
It is on duty for the day to shine decimal number, then it can calculate easily.In addition, most concerned should be how much area for photovoltaic is built a station
The much electric energy of photovoltaic battery panel accumulated generation in one-year age are only calculated from annual radiant all quality multiplied by several power generations system
Number, and consider that photovoltaic inverting system loss is estimated, it is inadequate.
Currently, the optical electrical transfer efficiency of commodity silicon solar cell is generally 12%~15%, high-efficiency silicon solar cell
Optical electrical transfer efficiency be generally 18%~20%.The general occupied area of photovoltaic plant is larger.In order to improve the efficiency of power generation,
Photovoltaic plant is using photovoltaic power generation system is automatically tracked, and according to measuring and calculating, flat single-shaft tracking system can improve the hair of 10%-20%
Electricity, oblique single-shaft tracking system can improve the generated energy of 20%-25%, and twin shaft most multipotency improves 40% generated energy.Although
Generating efficiency can be improved, still, land resource occupancy volume is support bracket fastened two 3 times, and downpayment input cost is very big.
It builds a station whether a possible place will establish photovoltaic, it is related with several factors as previously described, it builds a station in photovoltaic
Place, generally also measurement wind energy, if while wind-power electricity generation can be built, if may construction there is the photovoltaic automatically tracked
System, and in this area Program Construction solar panel area coverage etc., it is all related to basic data collected.Data check
Show that photovoltaic plant early construction also carries out foregoing basic data measurement, still, these measurements are substantially independence
, such as the measurement in the measurement of illumination meter, meteorologic survey about light application time, wind direction, wind-force, temperature humidity and haze, still
These measurements are not specific to photovoltaic power generation, and therefore, establishing one has illuminance acquisition, place positioning acquisition, wind-force
Acquisition, temperature humidity acquisition etc. are very necessary dedicated for the build a station intelligent apparatus of basic data acquisition of photovoltaic.Light at present
Volt plate generating efficiency is not high, and autotrack mode is at high cost, and in the case that soil occupancy volume is big, good addressing is sent out for improving
Electrical efficiency, the cost for reducing photovoltaic power generation have particularly significant meaning.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of photovoltaic plant addressing measuring device, leads to when solving the addressing of conventional photovoltaic power station
Cross with reference to historical data and meteorological data it is not exhaustive, inaccurate, so as to cause the low problem of generating efficiency.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of photovoltaic plant addressing measuring device, comprising: for measuring the light of solar illuminance
Illumination photometry unit, for measuring the temperature measurement unit of indoor and outdoor surroundings temperature, for obtaining outdoor unobstructed environment longitude and latitude
The global positioning system unit of degree and Time of Day data, for monitoring illuminance measurement failure, disconnection fault, battery capacity not
The GPRS/GSM alarm unit of sufficient failure, data record abnormal failure, for measuring the wind speed acquisition unit of wind speed size, battery
Plate and its framework unit, the first generated energy acquisition unit and micro controller unit MCU；
The illuminance measurement unit, the temperature measurement unit, the global positioning system unit, the GPRS/GSM
Alarm unit and the wind speed acquisition unit pass through RS485 bus and are electrically connected with the micro controller unit MCU；
The solar panel and its framework unit pass through the first generated energy acquisition unit and the micro controller unit MCU
Electrical connection.
Further, photovoltaic plant addressing measuring device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, further includes data record unit, institute
Data record unit is stated to be electrically connected by RS485 bus with the micro controller unit MCU；The data record unit is for remembering
Illuminance data, temperature data, longitude and latitude data, date data, the time data that record measurement obtains.
Further, photovoltaic plant addressing measuring device provided in an embodiment of the present invention further includes numeral method unit,
The numeral method unit is electrically connected by driver module with the micro controller unit MCU；The numeral method
Unit is used to show illuminance data, temperature data, longitude and latitude data, date data, the time data that measurement obtains.
Further, photovoltaic plant addressing measuring device provided in an embodiment of the present invention further includes and the microcontroller
The serial communication unit of unit MCU electrical connection；The serial communication unit is used for the data in the micro controller unit MCU
It is transmitted to PC machine.
Further, photovoltaic plant addressing measuring device provided in an embodiment of the present invention further includes and the microcontroller
The manual switch unit of unit MCU electrical connection；The manual switch unit is for switching different display modes, for inquiring
State illuminance data on micro controller unit MCU in SD card, air speed data, temperature data, longitude and latitude data, date data,
Time data.
Further, photovoltaic plant addressing measuring device provided in an embodiment of the present invention further includes that the first energy consumption resistor is negative
Carrier unit, the first energy consumption resistor load unit are electrically connected with the first generated energy acquisition unit.
Further, photovoltaic plant addressing measuring device provided in an embodiment of the present invention further includes management of charging and discharging unit,
The management of charging and discharging unit is electrically connected with the first generated energy acquisition unit and battery respectively.
Further, the solar panel and its framework unit include: photovoltaic panel support steel structure component, photovoltaic power generation plate,
Photovoltaic power generation plate output interface, photovoltaic battery panel output connecting line, the second generated energy acquisition unit and the second energy consumption resistor are negative
Carrier unit, the photovoltaic power generation plate is arranged on the photovoltaic panel support steel structure component, and the light in the photovoltaic power generation plate
Volt power generation plate output interface is electrically connected by photovoltaic battery panel output connecting line with the second generated energy acquisition unit, and described the
Two generated energy acquisition units are electrically connected with the second energy consumption resistor load unit.
Further, the wind speed acquisition unit includes: measurement upright bar, airspeedometer, and the airspeedometer is arranged in the survey
It measures in upright bar, the airspeedometer is electrically connected by RS485 interface cable with the micro controller unit MCU.
Further, the illuminance measurement unit includes: the first illuminance sensor and the second illuminance sensor；Institute
Stating temperature measurement unit includes: temperature sensor；The global positioning system unit includes: Global Positioning System Sensor Unit；Institute
Stating GPRS/GSM alarm unit includes: GPRS/GSM sensor；The temperature sensor, first illuminance sensor, institute
State Global Positioning System Sensor Unit, the GPRS/GSM sensor and second illuminance sensor pass through power supply line with
The micro controller unit MCU electrical connection.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of photovoltaic plant addressing measuring device, and compared with prior art, its advantages are such as
Under:
The present invention by illuminance measurement unit for measuring solar illuminance, for measuring indoor and outdoor surroundings temperature
Temperature measurement unit, is used the global positioning system unit for obtaining outdoor unobstructed environment longitude and latitude and Time of Day data
In monitoring illuminance measurement failure, the GPRS/GSM alarm of disconnection fault, battery capacity deficiency failure, data record abnormal failure
Unit, the wind speed acquisition unit for measuring wind speed size and the first generated energy acquisition unit for acquiring electric energy, pass through
Illuminance measurement unit, temperature measurement unit, global positioning system unit, GPRS/GSM alarm unit, wind speed acquisition unit with
And first generated energy acquisition unit can accurately obtain the meteorological data where installation site, sentenced by the analysis of these data
Surely a possibility that building photovoltaic plant, relative to historical data and meteorological data, these data are more accurate reliable, thus can have
Effect improves the power benefit of photovoltaic plant；Meanwhile the present invention uses RS485 bus structures, installs simple, reliable operation, nothing
People is on duty, data record is detailed, has remote alarms and data communication facility.It can be widely used in the various photovoltaics of industrial and agricultural production
Power generation needs the occasion of addressing.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of photovoltaic plant addressing measuring device structural schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is electric energy collection device structural schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is wind speed measuring device structural schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is control system schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of symbols:.
1, illuminance measurement unit；2, temperature measurement unit；3, global positioning system unit；4, GPRS/GSM alarm is single
Member；5, RS485 bus；6, data record unit；7, the first RS485 interface module；8, wind speed acquisition unit；9, display driving mould
Block；10, micro controller unit MCU；11, serial communication unit；12, numeral method unit；13, manual switch unit；14,
Two RS485 interface modules；15, the first energy consumption resistor load unit；16, solar panel and its framework unit；17, the first electric flux is adopted
Collect unit；18, management of charging and discharging unit；19, battery；20, photovoltaic panel support steel structure component；21, photovoltaic power generation plate；22,
Photovoltaic power generation plate output interface；23, photovoltaic battery panel exports connecting line；24, the second generated energy acquisition unit；25, the second energy consumption
Ohmic load unit；26, RS485 module；27, RS485 interface cable；28, upright bar is measured；29, airspeedometer；30, coagulation soil matrix
Seat；31, temperature sensor；32, the first illuminance sensor；33, global positioning system senses；34, GPRS/GSM sensor 35,
Second illuminance sensor；36, guide rail is installed；37, power supply line；38, outdoor control cabinet；39, the first cable；40, the second electricity
Cable.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 1~4, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of photovoltaic plant addressing measuring device, which includes: for surveying
The illuminance measurement unit 1 for measuring solar illuminance, for measuring the temperature measurement unit 2 of indoor and outdoor surroundings temperature, for obtaining
The global positioning system unit 3 of outdoor unobstructed environment longitude and latitude and Time of Day data, for monitor illuminance measurement failure,
Disconnection fault, battery capacity deficiency failure, data record abnormal failure GPRS/GSM alarm unit 4, he it is big for measuring wind speed
Small wind speed acquisition unit 8, solar panel and its framework unit 16, the first generated energy acquisition unit 17 and micro controller unit
MCU10；Illuminance measurement unit 1, temperature measurement unit 2, global positioning system unit 3, GPRS/GSM alarm unit 4 and wind speed
Acquisition unit 8 is electrically connected by RS485 bus 5 with micro controller unit MCU10；Solar panel and its framework unit 16 pass through the
One generated energy acquisition unit 17 is electrically connected with micro controller unit MCU10.
Illuminance measurement unit in the embodiment of the present invention is a kind of illuminance for being capable of measuring maximum magnitude 200000Lux
Measurement sensor, output interface RS485 connect the first RS485 interface module 7 by RS485 bus cable, with the micro-control
Device unit MCU unit connection processed, to measure solar illuminance.In embodiments of the present invention, two illuminance measurements is selected to pass
Sensor, it is one of as spare.
Temperature measurement unit in the embodiment of the present invention is a kind of to be capable of measuring -40 ° -+120 ° temperature what outdoor environment used
The sensor of range is spent, output interface RS485 connects the first RS485 interface module 7 by RS485 bus cable, and described
The connection of micro controller unit MCU unit, measures present apparatus infield temperature value, and the data records list is recorded
Member.
Global positioning system unit in the embodiment of the present invention, be it is a kind of can obtain outdoor unobstructed environment longitude and latitude and when
Between the data such as date sensor, output interface RS485 connects the first RS485 interface module 7 by RS485 bus cable,
It is connect with the micro controller unit MCU unit, to provide present apparatus position to the micro controller unit MCU unit
Longitude and latitude data and date-time data, and these data are deposited into the data by the micro controller unit MCU
Recording unit.Foundation as photovoltaic plant data statistics in entire 1 year.
GPRS/GSM alarm unit in the embodiment of the present invention, it is a kind of to be carried out data transmission by GPRS/GSM network
Unit, output interface RS485 connect the first RS485 interface module 7 by RS485 bus cable, with the microcontroller list
First MCU unit connection, the information issued when various normal for receiving the present apparatus.The illumination that the present apparatus may be occurred simultaneously
The information such as degree measurement failure, disconnection fault, battery capacity deficiency failure, data record abnormal failure are sent to specified receive eventually
End, to be safeguarded.
Wind speed acquisition unit in the embodiment of the present invention is a kind of cup type airspeedometer for being mounted on field spacious ground band, defeated
Outgoing interface is RS485, connects the first RS485 interface module 7 by RS485 bus cable, mono- with the micro controller unit MCU
Member connection, for measuring present apparatus infield wind speed.
Micro controller unit MCU in the embodiment of the present invention, be entire measurement, acquisition data, processing data, storing data and
Transmit the core of data.It is to be made of single-chip microcontroller, working frequency 24M, operating voltage+5V, program storage and 4K with 32K
The data storage of RAM.Core function is that the data collected are carried out data by certain algorithm by RS485 interface
After power output, according to certain format storage to the data record unit.By the information of normal operation and abnormal alarm information
It is sent by GPRS/GSM, and supervisory keyboard acts, to switch different display modes.
Solar panel and its framework unit in the embodiment of the present invention are the photovoltaic cells that a kind of area is at least 1 square metre
The unit of plate and its mechanical support framework is connect with the first generated energy acquisition unit.Notice the photovoltaic in different longitude and latitude area
Solar panel inclination angle is different, should be consistent with the photovoltaic battery panel inclination angle used in actual production in structure.First generated energy acquisition
Unit is a kind of modular measurement DC voltage, and the acquisition module of DC current and electricity is maximum to measure voltage DC100V,
DC100A, acquisition precision 1%.It is connect with the output of solar panel and its framework unit, output interface RS485 passes through second
RS485 interface module 14 is connect with the micro controller unit MCU.It is defeated to measure the photovoltaic battery panel and its framework unit
Electricity data out.
The present invention is single by illuminance measurement unit, temperature measurement unit, global positioning system unit, GPRS/GSM alarm
Member, wind speed acquisition unit and the first generated energy acquisition unit can accurately obtain the meteorological data where installation site, pass through
The analysis of these data is come a possibility that determining construction photovoltaic plant, relative to historical data and meteorological data, these data are more
To be accurate and reliable, thus the power benefit of photovoltaic plant can be effectively improved.Meanwhile the present apparatus technically uses RS485 bus
Structure, installation is simple, reliable operation, unattended, data record is detailed, has remote alarms and data communication facility.It can be wide
General apply needs the occasion of addressing in the various photovoltaic power generations of industrial and agricultural production.
Further, it further includes data record unit 6 that the embodiment of the present invention, which provides a kind of photovoltaic plant addressing measuring device,
Data record unit 6 is connect with micro controller unit MCU10, for recording illuminance data, the temperature data, warp that measurement obtains
Latitude data, date, time data.
Specifically, the data record unit in the embodiment of the present invention, is a kind of with SD card and large capacity EEPROM storage
The storage unit module of device, output interface RS485 connect the first RS485 interface module by RS485 bus cable, and micro-
Controller unit MCU unit connection, to illuminance data, electricity data, the longitude and latitude data, temperature number obtained to measurement
According to air speed data, date, time data etc. are recorded.Recording mode is piecemeal backup storage, to prevent loss of data.Just
When normal work, GPRS/GSM alarm unit is sent to specified reception terminal by reading these data.
Further, it further includes numeral method unit that the embodiment of the present invention, which provides a kind of photovoltaic plant addressing measuring device,
12, numeral method unit 12 is connect by driver module 9 with micro controller unit MCU10, for showing that measurement obtains
Illuminance data, temperature data, longitude and latitude data, date, time data.
Specifically, the driver module in the embodiment of the present invention, is constituted using charactron driving special chip TM1638,
For driving 12 charactron dynamic refreshes to show.Numeral method unit, it is a kind of to show that current measurement obtains
Illuminance data, electric energy data, wind speed, temperature, GPS data display, with micro controller unit MCU go here and there
Row connection.Charactron has 12, dynamic refresh, 0.56 inch of digital pipe size, brightness 2/3.It is using charactron because often
Infield bad environments, only for administrative staff scene check data and.
Further, it further includes serial communication unit 11 that the embodiment of the present invention, which provides a kind of photovoltaic plant addressing measuring device,
It is connect with micro controller unit MCU10, the data for that will be stored in micro controller unit MCU10 are stored by serial communication
Onto PC machine.
Serial communication unit in the embodiment of the present invention is interface RX, the TX connection directly with micro controller unit MCU
Interface, control default baud rate are 9600bps baud rate, and start bit 1, data bit is 8, no parity check position, stop position 1.
It is stored by serial communication unit onto PC machine the data into SD card will be stored, to pass through special-purpose software in PC machine
It is for statistical analysis.
Further, it further includes manual switch unit that the embodiment of the present invention, which provides a kind of photovoltaic plant addressing measuring device,
13, manual switch unit 13 is connect with micro controller unit MCU10, to switch different display modes, is inquired recorded
Illuminance data in SD card in micro controller unit MCU10, air speed data, temperature data, longitude and latitude data, the date, when
Between data.
Manual switch unit in the embodiment of the present invention is the operation panel with 5 buttons.With micro controller unit
MCU connection, to switch different display modes, inquiry has been recorded in illuminance data in SD card, air speed data, temperature number
According to, DC current, DC voltage, direct current measurement data and fault message daily record data etc..
Further, it further includes that the first energy consumption resistor is negative that the embodiment of the present invention, which provides a kind of photovoltaic plant addressing measuring device,
Carrier unit 15, the first energy consumption resistor load unit 15 are connect with the first generated energy acquisition unit 17.
Further, it further includes management of charging and discharging unit that the embodiment of the present invention, which provides a kind of photovoltaic plant addressing measuring device,
18,18 one end of management of charging and discharging unit is connect with the first generated energy acquisition unit 17, and the other end is connect with battery 19.
Management of charging and discharging unit in the embodiment of the present invention is a kind of modular to battery progress management of charging and discharging
Circuit unit connect with photovoltaic battery panel and its framework unit, while connecting with secondary battery unit.To the charge and discharge to battery
Electricity is managed.First generated energy acquisition unit is a kind of modular measurement DC voltage, the acquisition of DC current and electricity
Module, maximum measure voltage DC100V, DC100A, acquisition precision 1%.With photovoltaic battery panel and its framework unit output connect
It connects, output interface RS485, is connect by the 2nd RS485 interface module 14 with micro controller unit MCU.To measure photovoltaic
Solar panel and its electricity data of framework unit output.
Further, with reference to Fig. 2, solar panel and its framework unit 16 include photovoltaic panel support steel structure component 20, photovoltaic
Power generation plate 21, photovoltaic power generation plate output interface 22, photovoltaic battery panel output connecting line 23, the second generated energy acquisition unit 24 and
Second energy consumption resistor load unit 25, photovoltaic power generation plate 21 are arranged in photovoltaic panel support steel structure component 20, and photovoltaic power generation plate
Photovoltaic power generation plate output interface 22 on 21 exports connecting line 23 by photovoltaic battery panel and the second generated energy acquisition unit 24 connects
It connects, the connection of the second generated energy acquisition unit 24 is connect with the second energy consumption resistor load unit 25, the second generated energy acquisition unit 24
It is connect by RS485 module 26 with micro controller unit MCU10.
Further, with reference to Fig. 3, wind speed acquisition unit 8 includes measurement upright bar 28, airspeedometer 29, and the setting of airspeedometer 29 exists
It measures in upright bar 28, airspeedometer 29 is connect by RS485 interface cable 27 with micro controller unit MCU10.
In embodiments of the present invention, measurement upright bar 28 is fixed on the ground by concrete pedestal 30.The measurement upright bar 28
Apart from ground 10000mm.
Further, with reference to Fig. 4, illuminance measurement unit 1 includes that the first illuminance sensor 32 and the second illuminance pass
Sensor 35, temperature measurement unit 2 include temperature sensor 31, and global positioning system unit 3 includes Global Positioning System Sensor Unit
33, GPRS/GSM alarm units 4 include GPRS/GSM sensor 34, temperature sensor 31, the first illuminance sensor 32, the whole world
Positioning system sensor 33, GPRS/GSM sensor 34 and the second illuminance sensor 35 pass through power supply line 37 and micro-control respectively
Device unit MCU10 connection processed.
In embodiments of the present invention, temperature sensor 31, the first illuminance sensor 32, Global Positioning System Sensor Unit
33, GPRS/GSM sensor 34 and the second illuminance sensor 35 are separately positioned on installation guide rail 36, micro controller unit
MCU10 is arranged in outdoor control cabinet 38, and micro controller unit MCU10 is equipped with first for connecting measuring wind speed unit
Cable 39 and the second cable 40 for connecting photovoltaic power generation plate electrical energy collecting device.
The unit of illuminance in the embodiment of the present invention is: Lux, and there are two types of methods for the measurement of light, first is that using illumination photometer
Measurement, second is that measurement radiosity.Illumination photometer measurement is convenient, and price is low, thus is widely used.But illumination photometer measures
To data unit be Lux, in design of photovoltaic power station, the unit needed is: kWh/m2Although data record unit
In can directly store illuminance data Lux, but unit kWh/m is converted into for sunlight2, then more convenient.
If the light that can be λ to a certain wavelength, has
Φvλ=Kmax*V(λ)*Φeλ
Wherein ΦvλVision flux caused by light for wavelength X, illumination photometer is photosensitive using photocell, and opposite human eye into
Correction is gone, what is measured is worth thus.KmaxFor constant, CIE (the international illumination committee) gives Kmax=673lmW-1。V
(λ) is photopic vision light efficiency, also known as luminous efficacy of radiant flux function (dimensionless).ΦeλFor the radiation flux of the light of wavelength X, i.e. spectrum is close
Degree, unit are watt (W).
For visible light, wavelength is 400~760nm, if k is the spectrum light transmittance efficiency of light source, then
Indicate the brightness lm number that 1W can be converted into.If unit area (m2) it is then 1Wm-2It can be converted into brightness value Le gram
This (Lux) number.
CIE is directed to three kinds of 3 kinds of standard illuminants, D55,D56,D75, they respectively correspond correlated colour temperature 5500K, 6500K,
The raised variation of 7500K1 colour temperature is equivalent to day and has cloud in vain to cloudless conversion.3 kinds of standard illuminants successively approximate can represent yin
It, cloudy, fine day daylight composition, relative spectral power distributions S (λ) value of 3 kinds of standard illuminants is given, due to these S
(λ) is discrete value, is worth for totally 37 in visible region, so being calculated using difference form:
CIE is directed to three kinds of 3 kinds of standard illuminants, D55,D56,D75Illuminance measurement unit, the conversion coefficient of various light sources:
The conversion coefficient of the various light sources of table 1
K value in table 1 illustrates 1Wm-2It is converted into the coefficient of brightness value Lux.If measurement obtains brightness value Lux number
According to then in D75(fine day is equivalent to) under weather condition:
1Lux=0.0047787Wm-2
Optical sensor uses outdoor water-proof type SM2160M, and it is 200000Lux that illuminance sensor, which measures maximum range,
Supply voltage+12V, measurement accuracy 1Lux realize data transmission by RS485 interface.
Then: 200000Lux=200000*0.0047787=955.74Wm-2
The measurement method of generated energy acquisition unit:
Solar cell panel unit, at least should be 1 square metre, but actual battery plate is accurate to 1 square metre and is difficult, i.e.,
Make the solar panel using 1 square metre or so, due under cloudy day or dim light weather condition, output power very little, suddenly
The small data slightly obtained may cause the measurement error of accumulation.Therefore the photovoltaic power generation design scheme of 1kW is reached using generated output.
Photovoltaic is built a station in design, and the data for needing to measure are a year solar radiation amounts, be unit is kWh/m2, standard sunshine hour number
Be according to solar components at the standard conditions (air quality AM1.5,25 ° of temperature, irradiation intensity 1000W/m2) work it is small
When number.
Photovoltaic battery panel 16, using the monocrystalline silicon or polysilicon of 300W, size are as follows: 1960*992*50mm, one piece of sun
Energy cell active area: 1.7954m2, the area of 3 pieces of photovoltaic modulies are as follows: 5.3862m2.Rated power 300W, voltage rating 36V,
Rated current 8.33A.
Management of charging and discharging unit 18, using controller, 24V, electric current 30A, using PWM charge and discharge strategy.To the work of load
Operation mode can control, and have the function of discharge prevention, under-voltage protection, overload and short-circuit protection etc., to the present apparatus itself and its pass
The operating voltage of sensor offer+12V ,+5V.
Battery 19 uses deeper cavity maintenance-free lead accumulator.Capacity 12V, 150AH, voltage rating 12V, battery are defeated
It is used out mainly for present apparatus power supply system.Using 2 pieces, battery pack is formed.
Photovoltaic battery panel 16, output are loaded into energy consumption resistor load unit 15, and energy consumption resistor load unit 15 is negative for constant-resistance
Carrier unit.There are generated energy acquisition unit 17, generated energy acquisition list between photovoltaic battery panel 16 and energy consumption resistor load unit 15
Member 17 is that have to be capable of measuring DC100V, and DC100A direct current digital display measurement module has RS485 interface, exports the direct current of acquisition
Pressure and DC current, by RS485 bus 5, the micro controller unit MCU 10 being sent to.
For the present invention, although having used 5 kinds of external sensors, number also has been used inside outdoor control cabinet 38
Pipe drive module 9, numeral method unit 12, RS485 module 7, RS485 module 14 and have microcontroller 10 form
Core pcb board etc., but entire controller consumption power is no more than 5W.For the present apparatus, controller itself and outside
Power consumed by sensor is negligible.
Temperature measurement unit 2, global positioning system unit 3, GPRS/GSM alarm unit 4, wind speed acquisition unit 8, because
Using the output with RS485 interface, by RS485 bus 5, acquisition data are transmitted to micro controller unit MCU10, technology
Be it is mature, repeat no more.
Energy consumption resistor load unit, the constant-resistance as the present apparatus, which loads, to be used, using 300W resistance 3, size 215mm*
195*60mm has high temperature resistant using Kanthal wire, and the characteristics such as impact resistance, heat dissipation is good, and stability is good,
Data record unit 6, and memory of the sum with RS485 interface with SD card and large capacity EEPROM, work
It is as process, at regular intervals, such as 3 to 5 minutes, it acquires and once comes from illuminance measurement unit 1, temperature measurement unit 2,
Global positioning system unit 3, the data of wind speed acquisition unit 8, the micro controller unit MCU arrived by certain algorithm storage
In 10 RAM, later by the data storage of structuring to data record unit 6, while storing and arriving mass storage EEPROM
The middle backup as of that month data.It is 24 hours such as daily at regular intervals, by GPRS/GSM alarm unit 4, to outside
It is primary that receiver sends data normal data, if there is exception, is directly received by GPRS/GSM alarm unit 4 to outside single
Member sends warning message.
Data gathering algorithm is that sliding average filtering algorithm adds middle position value filtering algorithm, algorithm fusion " median filter
The advantages of wave method " and " digital averaging filtering method " two kinds of filter methods.For the pulse feature interference accidentally occurred, can eliminate by its institute
Caused sampled value deviation.
The format sample of data record:
Every 5 minutes, a structured data byte number:
6+6+1+3+1+1+1+1+1+2+3+1+2=29 byte.
The byte number recorded daily: ((* 60 minutes 24 hours)/5 minutes) * 29 bytes=8352 bytes
It calculates: recording daily: ((24*60)/5) * 30=8640 byte by maximum 30 bytes
The number of days that each common 16M eeprom memory can recorde
(16M*1024K*1024Bytes)/8640Bytes=1941 (day) can recorde 5 years.
Primary by 5-minute data record, the number of data recorded every year is:
(* 60 minutes * 24 hours 365 days)/5 minutes=105120.
If defining daily 0 point of morning 5:00 does not record data, records data and reduce naturally.
Statistics is in air quality AM1.5, and 25 ° of temperature, irradiation intensity 1000W/ ㎡, when
For the SD card with 4G memory, the data of record are more.Therefore data record unit 6, data
It is storage into SD card, and the EEPROM of large capacity is the backup as data storage.
The data block example of global positioning system 3 is recorded, this data only records once.
| GPS location | Longitude | Latitude | Remarks 1 | Remarks 2 |
| Y/N | 95°28 | 41°36′ | Gansu | Jiuquan |
Data record unit 6, according to above-mentioned data, method adds up to generate data record immediately, at regular intervals, such as
One day, January, a season, 1 year, by serial communication unit 11, data are exported into PC machine, with independent in PC machine
The method of software can statistically analyze this period of time illuminance, and will obtain according to the measurement method of such as preceding illuminance
The intensity of illumination as unit of Lux be converted to Radiance data W/m2, why in this way, be because on PC data calculate,
Data conversion and statistical analysis are easier.
To sum up, a kind of photovoltaic plant addressing measuring device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, passes through illuminance measurement unit, temperature
Spend measuring unit, global positioning system unit, GPRS/GSM alarm unit, wind speed acquisition unit and the first generated energy acquisition list
Member can accurately obtain the meteorological data where installation site, by these data analysis come determine build photovoltaic plant can
Energy property, relative to historical data and meteorological data, these data are more accurate reliable, thus can effectively improve the hair of photovoltaic plant
Electric benefit.Meanwhile the present apparatus technically uses RS485 bus structures, installs simple, reliable operation, unattended, data note
Record is detailed, has remote alarms and data communication facility.It can be widely used in the various photovoltaic power generations of industrial and agricultural production and need addressing
Occasion.
Disclosed above is only several specific embodiments of the invention, and those skilled in the art can carry out the present invention
Various modification and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, if these modifications and changes of the present invention belongs to the present invention
Within the scope of claim and its equivalent technologies, then the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of photovoltaic plant addressing measuring device characterized by comprising for measuring the illuminance measurement of solar illuminance
Unit (1), for measuring the temperature measurement unit (2) of indoor and outdoor surroundings temperature, for obtaining outdoor unobstructed environment longitude and latitude
With the global positioning system unit (3) of Time of Day data, for monitoring illuminance measurement failure, disconnection fault, battery capacity
The GPRS/GSM alarm unit (4) of insufficient failure, data record abnormal failure, for measuring the wind speed acquisition unit of wind speed size
(8), solar panel and its framework unit (16), the first generated energy acquisition unit (17) and micro controller unit MCU (10)；
It is the illuminance measurement unit (1), the temperature measurement unit (2), the global positioning system unit (3), described
GPRS/GSM alarm unit (4) and the wind speed acquisition unit (8) pass through RS485 bus (5) and the micro controller unit
MCU (10) electrical connection；
The solar panel and its framework unit (16) pass through the first generated energy acquisition unit (17) and the microcontroller list
First MCU (10) electrical connection.
2. photovoltaic plant addressing measuring device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that it further include data record unit (6),
The data record unit (6) is electrically connected by RS485 bus (5) with the micro controller unit MCU (10)；The data note
Record unit (6) is used to record illuminance data, temperature data, longitude and latitude data, date data, time data that measurement obtains.
3. photovoltaic plant addressing measuring device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that further include numeral method unit
(12), the numeral method unit (12) is electrically connected by driver module (9) with the micro controller unit MCU (10)
It connects；The numeral method unit (12) is used to show illuminance data, temperature data, the longitude and latitude data, day that measurement obtains
Issue evidence, time data.
4. photovoltaic plant addressing measuring device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that further include and the microcontroller list
The serial communication unit (11) of first MCU (10) electrical connection；The serial communication unit (11) is used for the micro controller unit
Data in MCU (10) are transmitted to PC machine.
5. photovoltaic plant addressing measuring device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that further include and the microcontroller list
The manual switch unit (13) of first MCU (10) electrical connection；The manual switch unit (13) is used to switch different display modes,
For inquiring illuminance data on the micro controller unit MCU (10) in SD card, air speed data, temperature data, longitude and latitude
Data, date data, time data.
6. photovoltaic plant addressing measuring device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that further include the load of the first energy consumption resistor
Unit (15), the first energy consumption resistor load unit (15) are electrically connected with the first generated energy acquisition unit (17).
7. photovoltaic plant addressing measuring device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that further include management of charging and discharging unit
(18), the management of charging and discharging unit (18) is electrically connected with the first generated energy acquisition unit (17) and battery (19) respectively
It connects.
8. photovoltaic plant addressing measuring device as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that the solar panel and its structure
Frame unit (16) includes: photovoltaic panel support steel structure component (20), photovoltaic power generation plate (21), photovoltaic power generation plate output interface
(22), photovoltaic battery panel output connecting line (23), the second generated energy acquisition unit (24) and the second energy consumption resistor load unit
(25), the photovoltaic power generation plate (21) is arranged on the photovoltaic panel support steel structure component (20), and the photovoltaic power generation plate
(21) the photovoltaic power generation plate output interface (22) on is adopted by photovoltaic battery panel output connecting line (23) with second electric flux
Collect unit (24) electrical connection, the second generated energy acquisition unit (24) is electrically connected with the second energy consumption resistor load unit (25)
It connects.
9. photovoltaic plant addressing measuring device as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that the wind speed acquisition unit
It (8) include: measurement upright bar (28), airspeedometer (29), the airspeedometer (29) is arranged on the measurement upright bar (28), the wind
Speed meter (29) is electrically connected by RS485 interface cable (27) with the micro controller unit MCU (10).
10. photovoltaic plant addressing measuring device as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that the illuminance measurement
Unit (1) includes: the first illuminance sensor (32) and the second illuminance sensor (35)；Temperature measurement unit (2) packet
It includes: temperature sensor (31)；The global positioning system unit (3) includes: Global Positioning System Sensor Unit (33)；It is described
GPRS/GSM alarm unit (4) includes: GPRS/GSM sensor (34)；The temperature sensor (31), first illuminance
Sensor (32), the Global Positioning System Sensor Unit (33), the GPRS/GSM sensor (34) and second illumination
Degree sensor (35) is electrically connected by power supply line (37) with the micro controller unit MCU (10).
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103002004A (en) * | 2012-09-14 | 2013-03-27 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | Remote data acquisition and management system and implementation method thereof |
| CN103234583A (en) * | 2013-04-19 | 2013-08-07 | 国家电网公司 | Real-time monitoring system with light measuring and wind measuring functions |
| CN105737889A (en) * | 2016-01-17 | 2016-07-06 | 国家电网公司 | Solar energy resource monitoring system based on Beidou satellite system |
| CN207352191U (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2018-05-11 | 中国大唐集团科学技术研究院有限公司 | Assessment system based on meteorological data and measured data to photovoltaic plant light resource |
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2019
- 2019-04-30 CN CN201910364786.8A patent/CN110120783A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103002004A (en) * | 2012-09-14 | 2013-03-27 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | Remote data acquisition and management system and implementation method thereof |
| CN103234583A (en) * | 2013-04-19 | 2013-08-07 | 国家电网公司 | Real-time monitoring system with light measuring and wind measuring functions |
| CN105737889A (en) * | 2016-01-17 | 2016-07-06 | 国家电网公司 | Solar energy resource monitoring system based on Beidou satellite system |
| CN207352191U (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2018-05-11 | 中国大唐集团科学技术研究院有限公司 | Assessment system based on meteorological data and measured data to photovoltaic plant light resource |
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