CN110118691B - Elongation test method after fracture with original gauge length mantissa of 5 - Google Patents

Elongation test method after fracture with original gauge length mantissa of 5 Download PDF

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CN110118691B
CN110118691B CN201910499027.2A CN201910499027A CN110118691B CN 110118691 B CN110118691 B CN 110118691B CN 201910499027 A CN201910499027 A CN 201910499027A CN 110118691 B CN110118691 B CN 110118691B
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elongation
fracture
gauge length
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test
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汪星妙
王方
景军
冷雪梅
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Chengyu Tranvic Science and Technology Co Ltd
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    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces

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Abstract

The invention relates to elongation after fracture, and discloses a method for testing elongation after fracture with an original gauge length mantissa of 5, which comprises the following steps of: before testing, a proper testing tool needs to be selected, the same person is selected for testing, the condition that testing adjustment is different is avoided, in order to test the elongation after fracture, a gauge length dotting machine, a vernier caliper and an operating table for testing need to be prepared, and the gauge length dotting machine and the vernier caliper are fixed on the operating table after preparation. According to the method for testing the elongation after fracture with the original gauge length mantissa of 5, the original gauge length is measured by three different modes, if the mantissa of the original gauge length is an integer, conventional calculation can be carried out, and if the mantissa of the original gauge length is 5, an appropriate one of the three measurement methods can be used for measuring the mantissa according to the fluctuation condition of numerical values, so that the elongation after fracture of the brittle strip can be quickly and effectively detected.

Description

Elongation test method after fracture with original gauge length mantissa of 5
Technical Field
The invention relates to elongation after fracture, in particular to a method for testing elongation after fracture with an original gauge length mantissa of 5.
Background
The elongation after fracture is an important index of mechanical property detection of metal materials, ex-factory tests of ribbed steel bars, smooth steel bars, hot-rolled circular strips and the like produced by our company also comprise the index, the elongation after fracture has certain guiding significance in engineering, generally speaking, the larger the elongation after fracture is, the better the ductility of steel is, the better the stress is, and the safe storage is large, so that how to accurately and quickly measure the elongation after fracture is particularly important.
At present, the original gauge length for measuring the elongation after fracture is 0 (such as 80mm, 100mm and the like) and the situation that the mantissa is 5 (such as 125mm and the like) still exists, and two methods for measuring the elongation after fracture by using the original gauge length are mature, but the method for measuring the elongation after fracture by using the original gauge length with the mantissa of 5 is complicated, long in time consumption and large in fluctuation of detection results, so that the method for measuring the elongation after fracture by using the original gauge length with the mantissa of 5 is provided to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for testing the elongation after the breakage of the original gauge length mantissa of 5, which has the advantages of improving the stability of the detection result and the detection efficiency and solves the problems of more complicated method, long time consumption and large fluctuation of the detection result of the method for testing the elongation after the breakage of the original gauge length mantissa of 5.
(II) technical scheme
In order to realize the purposes of improving the stability of the detection result and improving the detection efficiency, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for testing elongation after fracture with an original gauge length mantissa of 5 comprises the following steps:
1) before testing, a proper testing tool needs to be selected, the same person needs to be selected for testing, different conditions of testing adjustment are avoided, in order to carry out the elongation after fracture, a gauge length dotting machine, a vernier caliper and an operation table for testing need to be prepared, the gauge length dotting machine and the vernier caliper are fixed on the operation table after preparation, a testing material needs to be selected after equipment is prepared, in order to optimize the elongation after fracture testing process and improve the elongation after fracture testing quality, according to the existing material condition, the elongation after fracture testing cost is considered, 100 HRB400E phi hot rolled ribbed steel bar production samples are adopted to carry out the elongation after fracture testing, the original gauge length of the samples has important influence on the elongation after fracture, the elongation after fracture changes along with the change of the original gauge length, the longer original gauge length of the samples is, the smaller the elongation after fracture is, the shorter the original gauge length is, the larger the elongation after fracture is, the original gauge length of the sample is determined according to the original size of the sample, the calibration distance of ten millimeters is meaningless for the material with good axle steel plasticity, and the elongation after fracture of the metal is tested by three schemes in the test;
2) in order to embody the accuracy of the test result of the elongation after fracture of the metal, three different test methods are adopted to test the elongation after fracture of the metal, the elongation after fracture, the standard deviation of the elongation after fracture and the test time are recorded in the test process, the test integrity is ensured, meanwhile, the same stretching speed of the sample must be ensured in the test process, the forced stress-breaking speed is 25MPa/S until the sample is fractured, the test data needs to be recorded by other testers, each test data must be ensured to be real and reliable, the problems in subsequent calculation and processing are avoided, and the errors in the test of the elongation after fracture of the metal are prevented;
3) the first test of elongation after metal fracture needs to determine the length of the scale distance by a vernier caliper and then uses the stroke of the markMarking the wire with sharp nail, measuring the elongation after fracture of the aseismic steel bar at the other side by using the original gauge length with the mantissa of 0 and the dotting machine, measuring the maximum gauge length after fracture corresponding to the original gauge length of 125mm, recording the time spent on dotting and measuring, and processing the length by A ═ Lu (Lu)125-Lo125)*100%/Lo125Calculating a result by a calculation formula;
4) the second metal elongation after fracture test is directly dotted by a gauge length dotting machine, the maximum post-fracture gauge length corresponding to the original gauge length of 120mm and 130mm is measured, the time spent on dotting and measuring is recorded, the maximum value is taken as the post-fracture gauge length when the gauge length is measured every time, and the value is defined as (Lu) A ═ Lu130+Lu120)/2-Lo125】*100%/Lo125Calculating a result by a calculation formula;
5) the elongation test after the third kind of metal breaks is directly dotted with the gauge length dotter, measures the original gauge length 120mm and the broken gauge length that 130mm corresponds apart from the 6 th point on the left of the fracture, records the time spent dotting and measuring, measures the fracture gauge length with the 6 th point on the left of the fracture when measuring the gauge length every time, and through A ═ [ Lu (Lu)130+Lu120)/2-Lo125】*100%/Lo125Calculating a result by a calculation formula;
6) and counting and integrating data obtained by the three metal post-fracture elongation test, displaying the data generated in the three metal post-fracture elongation test process and the finally obtained test result by using a table mode, performing conventional calculation if the mantissa of the original gauge length is an integer, and measuring the data by using a proper one of three measurement methods according to the fluctuation condition of the detection result value if the mantissa of the original gauge length is 5.
(III) advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a method for testing the elongation after fracture with the original gauge length mantissa of 5, which has the following beneficial effects:
the original gauge length is measured by three different modes, if the mantissa of the original gauge length is an integer, conventional calculation can be carried out, if the mantissa of the original gauge length is 5, an appropriate one of the three measurement methods can be used for measuring according to the fluctuation condition of numerical values, three points and a dotting machine can be combined for measurement under the special condition that a plurality of measurement data are combined for comparison, and the problems that the elongation test method is complicated, long in time consumption and large in fluctuation of detection results after the original gauge length is 5 are solved, so that the elongation of the brittle strip after the breakage is detected quickly and effectively.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows: a method for testing elongation after fracture with an original gauge length mantissa of 5 comprises the following steps:
1) before testing, a proper testing tool needs to be selected, the same person needs to be selected for testing, different conditions of testing adjustment are avoided, in order to carry out the elongation after fracture testing, a gauge length dotting machine, a vernier caliper and an operation table for testing need to be prepared, the gauge length dotting machine and the vernier caliper are fixed on the operation table after preparation, a testing material needs to be selected after equipment is prepared, in order to optimize the elongation after fracture testing process and improve the elongation after fracture testing quality, according to the existing material condition and considering the elongation after fracture testing cost, 100 HRB400E phi 25 hot rolled steel bar production samples are adopted for carrying out the elongation after fracture testing, the original gauge length of the samples has important influence on the elongation after fracture, the elongation after fracture changes along with the change of the original gauge length, the longer the original gauge length of the samples is, the smaller the elongation after fracture is, the shorter the original gauge length is, the larger the elongation after fracture is, the original gauge length of the sample is determined according to the original size of the sample, the calibration distance of ten millimeters is meaningless for materials with good plasticity such as axle steel, and the like, and the elongation after fracture of metal is tested by applying the first scheme in the test;
2) in order to embody the accuracy of the elongation test result after the metal is broken, three different test methods are adopted to carry out elongation test after the metal is broken, the elongation after the metal is broken, the standard deviation of the elongation after the metal is broken and the test time are recorded in the test process, the integrity of the test is ensured, meanwhile, the same stretching speed of a sample is ensured in the test process, the forced breaking stress speed is 25MPa/S until the sample is broken, the test data needs to be recorded by other testers, each test data is ensured to be real and reliable, the problems in subsequent calculation and processing are avoided, and the errors are prevented when the elongation after the metal is broken is tested;
3) the first test of elongation after fracture of metal requires manual work to determine the length of gauge length by using a vernier caliper, marking by using a marking pen, marking by using a sharp nail, marking the original gauge length with the mantissa of 0 on the other side by using a dotting machine to measure the elongation after fracture of the anti-seismic steel bar, measuring the maximum elongation after fracture corresponding to the original gauge length of 125mm, recording the time spent on dotting and measuring, and passing through A ═ (Lu ═125-Lo125)*100%/Lo125The results were calculated by the calculation formula, and the three-point measured elongation after break was 24.391% in average value, 10.960% in difference value, 2.497 in standard deviation value, and 104S in average time value used for the test.
In the three-point post-fracture elongation test, the average value of the post-fracture elongation measured by three points is the highest, the extreme difference is the lowest, and the average time used for the test is the longest.
Example two: a method for testing elongation after fracture with an original gauge length mantissa of 5 comprises the following steps:
1) before testing, a proper testing tool needs to be selected, the same person is selected for testing, different conditions of testing adjustment are avoided, in order to perform the elongation after fracture, a gauge length dotting machine, a vernier caliper and an operation table for testing need to be prepared, the gauge length dotting machine and the vernier caliper are fixed on the operation table after preparation, testing materials need to be selected after equipment is prepared, in order to optimize the elongation after fracture testing process and improve the elongation after fracture testing quality, according to the existing material condition and considering the elongation after fracture testing cost, 100 HRB400E phi hot rolled ribbed steel bar production samples are adopted to perform the elongation after fracture testing, and the elongation after fracture of metal is tested by using a second scheme in the test;
2) in order to embody the accuracy of the test result of the elongation after fracture of the metal, three different test methods are adopted to test the elongation after fracture of the metal, the elongation after fracture, the standard deviation of the elongation after fracture and the test time are recorded in the test process, the test integrity is ensured, meanwhile, the same stretching speed of the sample must be ensured in the test process, the forced stress-breaking speed is 25MPa/S until the sample is fractured, the test data needs to be recorded by other testers, each test data must be ensured to be real and reliable, the problems in subsequent calculation and processing are avoided, and the errors in the test of the elongation after fracture of the metal are prevented;
3) the second method is that the elongation after fracture of metal is tested by directly dotting with a gauge length dotting machine, the maximum post-fracture gauge length corresponding to the original gauge length of 120mm and 130mm is measured, the time spent on dotting and measuring is recorded, the maximum value is taken as the post-fracture gauge length when the gauge length is measured every time, and the result is obtained by A ═ Lu (Lu)130+Lu120)/2-Lo125】*100%/Lo125The calculation formula calculates the result that the average value of the elongation after fracture measured by the longest gauge length is 24.157%, the range value is 12.056%, the standard deviation value is 2.470, and the average time value used for the test is 74S.
In the three metal elongation after fracture test, the average value of the elongation after fracture measured by the dotting machine (the longest gauge length) is centered, the range is centered, and the average time used in the test is centered.
Example three: a method for testing elongation after fracture with an original gauge length mantissa of 5 comprises the following steps:
1) before testing, a proper testing tool needs to be selected, the same person needs to be selected for testing, different conditions of testing adjustment are avoided, in order to carry out the elongation after fracture testing, a gauge length dotting machine, a vernier caliper and an operation table for testing need to be prepared, the gauge length dotting machine and the vernier caliper are fixed on the operation table after preparation, a testing material needs to be selected after equipment is prepared, in order to optimize the elongation after fracture testing process and improve the elongation after fracture testing quality, according to the existing material condition and considering the elongation after fracture testing cost, 100 HRB400E phi 25 hot rolled steel bar production samples are adopted for carrying out the elongation after fracture testing, the original gauge length of the samples has important influence on the elongation after fracture, the elongation after fracture changes along with the change of the original gauge length, the longer the original gauge length of the samples is, the smaller the elongation after fracture is, the shorter the original gauge length is, the larger the elongation after fracture is, the original gauge length of the sample is determined according to the original size of the sample, the calibration distance of ten millimeters is meaningless for materials with good plasticity such as axle steel, and the like, and the elongation after fracture of metal is tested by using a third scheme in the test;
2) in order to embody the accuracy of the elongation test result after the metal is broken, three different test methods are adopted to carry out elongation test after the metal is broken, the elongation after the metal is broken, the standard deviation of the elongation after the metal is broken and the test time are recorded in the test process, the integrity of the test is ensured, meanwhile, the same stretching speed of a sample must be ensured in the test process, the forced breaking stress speed is 25MPa/S until the sample is broken, the test data needs to be recorded by other testers, each test data must be ensured to be real and reliable, the problems in subsequent calculation and processing are avoided, and the errors are prevented when the elongation after the metal is broken is tested;
3) the elongation test after the third kind of metal breaks is directly dotted with the gauge length dotter, measures the original gauge length 120mm and the broken gauge length that 130mm corresponds apart from the 6 th point on the left of the fracture, records the time spent dotting and measuring, measures the fracture gauge length with the 6 th point on the left of the fracture when measuring the gauge length every time, and through A ═ [ Lu (Lu)130+Lu120)/2-Lo125】*100%/Lo125The result is calculated by a calculation formula, the average value of the elongation after fracture measured from the 6 th point on the left side of the fracture is 23.925 percent, the range value is 12.208 percent, the standard deviation is 2.471, and the average time value used for the test is52S。
In the elongation test after fracture of the three metals, the average value of the elongation after fracture measured by the dotting machine (measured from the 6 th point on the left side of the fracture) is the lowest, the range is the largest, and the average time used for the test is the shortest.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the original gauge length is measured by three different modes, if the mantissa of the original gauge length is an integer, conventional calculation can be carried out, if the mantissa of the original gauge length is 5, an appropriate one of the three measurement methods can be used for measuring the original gauge length according to the fluctuation condition of numerical values, the problems that the elongation test method after fracture is relatively complicated, the consumed time is long and the fluctuation of the detection result is large when the mantissa of the original gauge length is 5 are solved, so that the elongation after fracture of the brittle strip is rapidly and effectively detected, the elongation after fracture of the three methods is basically on the same horizontal line, the maximum difference is 0.466 percentage point, the standard deviation of the dotting machine (the maximum length of the gauge length) and the dotting machine (the measurement from the 6 th point on the left side of the fracture) test method is basically the same as that of the dotting machine (the measurement from the 6 th point on the left side of the fracture) is about 0.026 smaller than that the discreteness of the average value of the detection data of the two methods is slightly smaller, and the total time is tested by combining the former two methods, and relatively speaking, the total time for centralized detection of the dotting data of the dotting machine (measured from the 6 th point on the left side of the fracture) is short.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (1)

1. A method for testing elongation after fracture with an original gauge length mantissa of 5 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) before testing, a proper testing tool needs to be selected, the same person needs to be selected for testing, different conditions of testing adjustment are avoided, in order to carry out the elongation after fracture, a gauge length dotting machine, a vernier caliper and an operation table for testing need to be prepared, the gauge length dotting machine and the vernier caliper are fixed on the operation table after preparation, a testing material needs to be selected after equipment is prepared, in order to optimize the elongation after fracture testing process and improve the elongation after fracture testing quality, according to the existing material condition, the elongation after fracture testing cost is considered, 100 HRB400E phi hot rolled ribbed steel bar production samples are adopted to carry out the elongation after fracture testing, the original gauge length of the samples has important influence on the elongation after fracture, the elongation after fracture changes along with the change of the original gauge length, the longer original gauge length of the samples is, the smaller the elongation after fracture is, the shorter the original gauge length is, the larger the elongation after fracture is, the original gauge length of the sample is determined according to the original size of the sample, the calibration distance of ten millimeters is meaningless for the material with good axle steel plasticity, and the elongation after fracture of the metal is tested by using three schemes in the test;
2) in order to embody the accuracy of the elongation test result after the metal is broken, three different test methods are adopted to carry out elongation test after the metal is broken, the elongation after the metal is broken, the standard deviation of the elongation after the metal is broken and the test time are recorded in the test process, the integrity of the test is ensured, meanwhile, the same stretching speed of a sample must be ensured in the test process, the forced breaking stress speed is 25MPa/S until the sample is broken, the test data needs to be recorded by other testers, each test data must be ensured to be real and reliable, the problems in subsequent calculation and processing are avoided, and the errors are prevented when the elongation after the metal is broken is tested;
3) the first test of elongation after fracture of metal requires manual work to determine the length of gauge length by using a vernier caliper, marking by using a marking pen, marking by using a sharp nail, marking the original gauge length with the mantissa of 0 on the other side by using a dotting machine to measure the elongation after fracture of the anti-seismic steel bar, measuring the maximum elongation after fracture corresponding to the original gauge length of 125mm, recording the time spent on dotting and measuring, and passing through A ═ (Lu ═125-Lo125)*100%/Lo125Calculating a result by a calculation formula;
4) the second test of elongation after fracture of metal is to directly use a gauge length dotting machine to perform dotting, measure the maximum post-fracture gauge length corresponding to the original gauge length of 120mm and 130mm, record the time spent on dotting and measuring,taking the maximum value as the broken gauge length when measuring the gauge length each time, and passing through A ═ Lu (Lu)130+Lu120)/2-Lo125】*100%/Lo125Calculating a result by a calculation formula;
5) the elongation test after the third kind of metal breaks is directly dotted with the gauge length dotter, measures the original gauge length 120mm and the broken gauge length that 130mm corresponds apart from the 6 th point on the left of the fracture, records the time spent dotting and measuring, measures the fracture gauge length with the 6 th point on the left of the fracture when measuring the gauge length every time, and through A ═ [ Lu (Lu)130+Lu120)/2-Lo125】*100%/Lo125Calculating a result by a calculation formula;
6) and counting and integrating data obtained by the three metal post-fracture elongation test, displaying the data generated in the three metal post-fracture elongation test process and the finally obtained test result by using a table mode, performing conventional calculation if the mantissa of the original gauge length is an integer, and measuring the data by using a proper one of three measurement methods according to the fluctuation condition of the detection result value if the mantissa of the original gauge length is 5.
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