CN110116259B - Method for surfacing wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant layer on surface of stainless steel substrate - Google Patents
Method for surfacing wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant layer on surface of stainless steel substrate Download PDFInfo
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- CN110116259B CN110116259B CN201910382646.3A CN201910382646A CN110116259B CN 110116259 B CN110116259 B CN 110116259B CN 201910382646 A CN201910382646 A CN 201910382646A CN 110116259 B CN110116259 B CN 110116259B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/04—Welding for other purposes than joining, e.g. built-up welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/235—Preliminary treatment
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for overlaying a wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant layer on the surface of a stainless steel substrate, which comprises the following steps that (1) a travelling mechanism adopts a cross sliding frame, a welding gun is arranged at the bottom of a vertical beam of the cross sliding frame, and a workpiece is driven to rotate through a rotating platform; the cross sliding frame is stepped according to a set distance, and continuous welding without arc stopping is carried out; (2) placing the welded stainless steel substrate above the rotary platform, and placing a surfacing layer above the stainless steel substrate; (3) when in welding, the workpiece is not preheated, and pulse welding is directly adopted for welding; (4) after welding, the molten welding wire is embedded into the stainless steel substrate and integrated with the stainless steel substrate into a whole, and the welding layer is detected to complete the surfacing of the wear-resistant corrosion-resistant layer. The invention has the characteristics of simple operation and low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of surfacing, in particular to a method for surfacing a wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant layer on the surface of a stainless steel substrate.
Background
Austenitic stainless steel materials are used in a wide variety of applications due to their excellent corrosion resistance, including various structural members such as shafts, bushings, valves and flanges. Meanwhile, the austenitic stainless steel has low strength and hardness due to the characteristics of the austenitic stainless steel, and when intermetallic friction or abrasive wear exists, the wear resistance is very poor, so that the service life is short. It is now common practice to overlay a cobalt-based or nickel-based hard-facing layer.
However, when the cobalt-based material is deposited, the hardness of the welding layer is obviously reduced due to the fusion of nickel element in the stainless steel, the effective welding layer can meet the hardness requirement only when the effective welding layer reaches more than 3mm (about 5mm when the effective welding layer contains machining allowance), and meanwhile, the cobalt-based material is very expensive and the whole cost is very high; when the nickel-based material is overlaid, on one hand, the nickel-based material is expensive, and more importantly, the nickel-based hard surface layer is easy to crack when overlaid, overlaying must be carried out at the preheating temperature of 350-500 ℃, the construction condition is very severe, and the success rate for irregular overlaid surfaces is very low.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for overlaying a wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant layer on the surface of a stainless steel substrate, which has the characteristics of simple operation and low cost.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention discloses a method for overlaying a wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant layer on the surface of a stainless steel substrate, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) the traveling mechanism adopts a cross sliding frame, the cross sliding frame consists of a cross sliding frame vertical beam and a cross sliding frame horizontal beam, a welding gun is arranged at the bottom of the cross sliding frame vertical beam, the welding gun is kept still during welding, and a workpiece is driven to rotate through a rotating platform; after each welding is finished for 360 degrees, the cross sliding frame is stepped according to the set distance, and continuous welding without arc stopping is carried out;
(2) placing the welded stainless steel substrate above the rotary platform, and placing a surfacing layer above the stainless steel substrate; wherein the stainless steel matrix is austenitic stainless steel alloy, and the alloy components contain 16-22% of Cr element and 8-12% of Ni element; wherein the overlaying layer is a CW1460 welding wire, and the hardness HRC of the welding wire in a welding state is 57-62;
(3) the workpiece is not preheated during welding, pulse welding is directly adopted for welding, the peak value of welding current is 230-270A/base value 130-170A, the welding voltage is 12-14V, the welding speed is 240-300 mm/min, the stepping distance is 2.8-3.2 mm, the wire feeding speed is 1700-2500 mm/min, and the hot wire current is 40-90A;
(4) after welding, embedding the molten welding wire into a stainless steel substrate to be integrated with the stainless steel substrate, detecting a welding layer, wherein the thickness of the welding layer is 1.5-3.5 mm, the welding seam alloy components contain 11-13.5% of Cr element and 1-4% of Ni element, and the welding seam hardness HRC is 35-50, so that the surfacing of the wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant layer is completed.
Wherein, the welding power source of the welding gun in the step (1) is Forniss TT5000 for maintaining a welding arc in the welding process, and the Forniss TT2200 for providing hot wire energy in the welding process.
Wherein, the CW1460 welding wire in the step (2) contains 0.45-0.55% of C element, less than 1% of Mn element, 2.5-3.5% of Si element, less than 0.5% of Ni element, 9-10% of Cr element, and the balance of Fe element.
And (3) before welding in the step (2), cleaning a to-be-welded area by adopting an electric louver blade.
And (3) when the workpiece is placed on the rotary platform in the step (2), knocking the workpiece through the rubber hammer, and adjusting the center position of the workpiece to be overlapped with the center position of the rotary platform.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages: the welding wire has the advantages that the contents of elements with higher Ni, Co and other equivalent values in the components are very low or none, so the material cost is low; the effective welding layer can be as low as 0.5mm, and still can keep enough corrosion resistance and wear resistance, so that the manufacturing cost is further reduced; through adjustment of welding process parameters, the hardness of the welding layer can be changed within the range of HRC 35-50, and the individualized requirement of hardness matching under the wear-resistant working condition can be met; the construction condition requirement is low, preheating is not needed when the workpiece is small, preheating is only needed to be 100-150 ℃ when the workpiece is large or the surfacing position is irregular, the construction cost is saved, and good construction conditions are ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a weld overlay and a stainless steel substrate according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a molten welding wire and stainless steel substrate of the present invention;
in the figure, 1 is a cross sliding frame vertical beam, 2 is a cross sliding frame horizontal beam, 3 is a welding gun, 4 is a surfacing layer, 5 is a stainless steel substrate, 6 is a rotary platform, and 7 is a molten welding wire.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
The invention discloses a method for overlaying a wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant layer on the surface of a stainless steel substrate, which comprises the following steps:
(1) the traveling mechanism adopts a cross sliding frame, the cross sliding frame consists of a cross sliding frame vertical beam 1 and a cross sliding frame horizontal beam 2, a welding gun 3 is arranged at the bottom of the cross sliding frame vertical beam 1, the welding gun 3 is kept still during welding, and a workpiece is driven to rotate through a rotating platform 6; after each welding is finished for 360 degrees, the cross sliding frame is stepped according to the set distance, and continuous welding without arc stopping is carried out; the welding power source of the welding gun 3 is a Fornes TT5000 used for maintaining a welding arc in the welding process, and a Fornes TT2200 used for providing hot wire energy in the welding process;
(2) the welded stainless steel substrate 5 is placed above the rotating platform 6, and the surfacing layer 4 is placed above the stainless steel substrate 5; wherein the stainless steel matrix 5 is an austenitic stainless steel alloy, and the alloy components contain 16-22% of Cr element and 8-12% of Ni element; wherein the overlaying layer 4 is a CW1460 welding wire, and the hardness HRC of the welding wire in a welding state is 57-62; the CW1460 welding wire contains 0.45-0.55% of C element, less than 1% of Mn element, 2.5-3.5% of Si element, less than 0.5% of Ni element, 9-10% of Cr element and the balance of Fe element; before welding, cleaning a to-be-welded area by adopting electric louver blades; when the workpiece is placed on the rotary platform 6, the rubber hammer is used for knocking the workpiece, and the central position of the workpiece is adjusted to be coincident with the central position of the rotary platform 6
(3) The workpiece is not preheated during welding, pulse welding is directly adopted for welding, the peak value of welding current is 230-270A/base value 130-170A, the welding voltage is 12-14V, the welding speed is 240-300 mm/min, the stepping distance is 2.8-3.2 mm, the wire feeding speed is 1700-2500 mm/min, and the hot wire current is 40-90A;
(4) after welding, a molten welding wire 7 is embedded into the stainless steel substrate 5 and integrated with the stainless steel substrate 5 into a whole, a welding layer is detected, the thickness of the welding layer is 1.5-3.5 mm, the welding seam alloy components contain 11-13.5% of Cr element and 1-4% of Ni element, and the welding seam hardness HRC is 35-50, so that the surfacing of the wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant layer is completed.
Example 1: overlaying a 304 material pipe simulation piece with 2mm thickness CW 1460:
the base material is a 304 forged pipe, the outer diameter is 192mm, the wall thickness is 20mm, and the height is 70 mm. Wherein the content of C element is less than or equal to 0.08 percent, the content of Mn element is 2 percent, the content of P element is less than or equal to 0.045 percent, the content of S element is less than or equal to 0.03 percent, the content of Si element is less than or equal to 1 percent, the content of Cr element is 18 to 20 percent, and the content of Ni element is 8 to 11 percent.
After the overlaying welding is finished, detecting the outer diameter size after welding by using a vernier caliper, and comparing the outer diameter size before welding to obtain the thickness of a welding layer of about 2 mm; welding seam alloy components detected by adopting SpecX portable component detection equipment are Cr: 13%, Ni: 3%, Fe: and the balance, a portable Leeb hardness tester is adopted to detect the HRC hardness of the welding line to be 40-42.
Example 2: overlaying a 3 mm-thick CW1460 on a 304 material pipe simulation:
the base material is a 304 forged pipe, the outer diameter is 192mm, the wall thickness is 20mm, and the height is 70 mm. Wherein the content of C element is less than or equal to 0.08 percent, the content of Mn element is 2 percent, the content of P element is less than or equal to 0.045 percent, the content of S element is less than or equal to 0.03 percent, the content of Si element is less than or equal to 1 percent, the content of Cr element is 18 to 20 percent, and the content of Ni element is 8 to 11 percent.
After the overlaying welding is finished, detecting the outer diameter size after welding by using a vernier caliper, and comparing the outer diameter size before welding to obtain the thickness of a welding layer of about 3 mm; welding seam alloy components detected by adopting SpecX portable component detection equipment are Cr: 11.5%, Ni: 1.5%, Fe: and the balance, adopting a portable Leeb hardness tester to detect the HRC hardness of the welding line to be 46-48.
Example 3: overlaying a 316L material sleeve with the thickness CW1460 of 2.5 mm:
the base material is a 316L forged shaft sleeve, the outer diameter of the free end is 75mm, the wall thickness is 6.5mm, the outer diameter of the flange end is 120mm, the height of the flange is 20mm, and the total height of the workpiece is 100 mm. Wherein the content of C element is less than or equal to 0.03 percent, the content of Mn element is 2 percent, the content of P element is less than or equal to 0.045 percent, the content of S element is less than or equal to 0.03 percent, the content of Si element is less than or equal to 1 percent, the content of Cr element is 16 to 18 percent, the content of Ni element is 11 to 14 percent, and the content of Mo element is 2 to 3 percent.
After the overlaying welding is finished, detecting the outer diameter size after welding by using a vernier caliper, and comparing the outer diameter size before welding to obtain the thickness of a welding layer of about 2.5 mm; welding seam alloy components detected by adopting SpecX portable component detection equipment are Cr: 11.6%, Ni: 2.4%, Mo: 0.5%, Fe: and the balance, adopting a portable Leeb hardness tester to detect the HRC hardness of the welding line to be 43-45.
Claims (4)
1. A method for surfacing a wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant layer on the surface of a stainless steel substrate is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) the traveling mechanism adopts a cross sliding frame, the cross sliding frame consists of a cross sliding frame vertical beam (1) and a cross sliding frame horizontal beam (2), a welding gun (3) is arranged at the bottom of the cross sliding frame vertical beam (1), the welding gun (3) is kept still during welding, and a workpiece is driven to rotate through a rotating platform (6); after each welding is finished for 360 degrees, the cross sliding frame is stepped according to the set distance, and continuous welding without arc stopping is carried out;
(2) the welded stainless steel base body (5) is placed above the rotating platform (6), and the surfacing layer (4) is placed above the stainless steel base body (5); wherein the stainless steel matrix (5) is austenitic stainless steel alloy, and the alloy components contain 16-22% of Cr element and 8-12% of Ni element; wherein the overlaying layer (4) is a CW1460 welding wire, and the hardness HRC of the welding wire in a welding state is 57-62; the CW1460 welding wire contains 0.45-0.55% of C element, less than 1% of Mn element, 2.5-3.5% of Si element, less than 0.5% of Ni element, 9-10% of Cr element and the balance of Fe element;
(3) the workpiece is not preheated during welding, pulse welding is directly adopted for welding, the peak value of welding current is 230-270A/base value 130-170A, the welding voltage is 12-14V, the welding speed is 240-300 mm/min, the stepping distance is 2.8-3.2 mm, the wire feeding speed is 1700-2500 mm/min, and the hot wire current is 40-90A;
(4) after welding, a molten welding wire (7) is embedded into a stainless steel substrate (5) and is combined with the stainless steel substrate into an integral structure, a welding layer is detected, the thickness of the welding layer is 1.5-3.5 mm, the welding seam alloy components contain 11-13.5% of Cr element and 1-4% of Ni element, and the welding seam hardness HRC is 35-50, so that the surfacing of the wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant layer is completed.
2. The method for overlaying the wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant layer on the surface of the stainless steel substrate according to the claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the welding power source of the welding gun (3) in the step (1) is Forniss TT5000 used for maintaining a welding arc in the welding process, and the Forniss TT2200 used for providing hot wire energy in the welding process.
3. The method for overlaying the wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant layer on the surface of the stainless steel substrate according to the claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (3) before welding in the step (2), cleaning the area to be welded by adopting the electric louver blades.
4. The method for overlaying the wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant layer on the surface of the stainless steel substrate according to the claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (3) when the workpiece is placed on the rotary platform (6) in the step (2), knocking the workpiece through the rubber hammer, and adjusting the center position of the workpiece to be overlapped with the center position of the rotary platform (6).
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| CN113369652B (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2023-12-22 | 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所 | Build-up welding method for improving wear resistance of stainless steel substrate surface |
| CN114012209A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-02-08 | 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 | Surfacing method for main frame of driving and anchoring all-in-one machine |
| CN114226924B (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2023-07-25 | 合肥通用机械研究院有限公司 | Welding method for improving performance of single-layer build-up welding corrosion-resistant layer of stainless steel |
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| CN109676295A (en) * | 2019-02-02 | 2019-04-26 | 福尼斯(南京)表面工程技术有限公司 | A kind of built-up welding uses the water cooling plant and its application method of workpiece rotation formula |
| CN109676292A (en) * | 2019-02-02 | 2019-04-26 | 福尼斯(南京)表面工程技术有限公司 | A kind of air-cooling apparatus and its application method of built-up welding workpiece rotation formula |
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- 2019-05-09 CN CN201910382646.3A patent/CN110116259B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
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| CN101310914A (en) * | 2007-05-22 | 2008-11-26 | 上海宝钢设备检修有限公司 | Surfacing welding rod of transition layer of sink roller for melted zinc bath and surfacing technique |
| CN101596634A (en) * | 2009-07-10 | 2009-12-09 | 攀枝花新钢钒股份有限公司 | A kind of rolls for hot dipping composite overlaying method of bearing shell and axle sleeve |
| KR101451504B1 (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2014-10-15 | 이문찬 | Method of fittings with overlay welding steel |
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| CN109676295A (en) * | 2019-02-02 | 2019-04-26 | 福尼斯(南京)表面工程技术有限公司 | A kind of built-up welding uses the water cooling plant and its application method of workpiece rotation formula |
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