CN110115127A - The method for repairing heavy salinized soil using hydro-thermal charcoal - Google Patents
The method for repairing heavy salinized soil using hydro-thermal charcoal Download PDFInfo
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- CN110115127A CN110115127A CN201910465831.9A CN201910465831A CN110115127A CN 110115127 A CN110115127 A CN 110115127A CN 201910465831 A CN201910465831 A CN 201910465831A CN 110115127 A CN110115127 A CN 110115127A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
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- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods for repairing heavy salinized soil using hydro-thermal charcoal.The present invention and the method difference that the conventional mechanical that takes time and effort repairs salt affected soil be using in hydro-thermal charcoal high organic carbon content and surface contain have it is abundant containing hydrogen functional group, a large amount of hydrogen ion can be discharged under alkaline environment, on the one hand excessively high pH is neutralized, on the other hand the sodium ion on adsorption by soil site can be replaced, the permeability for improving soil, to promote the elution of sodium ion.Specifically under normal temperature and pressure conditions, with fixed salt affected soil and powdered granule hydro-thermal charcoal mass ratio, the two is uniformly mixed, cooperates elution device, being cooperateed with this reduces Soil salinity and basicity.The present invention accelerates the remediation efficiency of heavy salinized soil, has saved a large amount of water resource.This method is easy to operate, economical and efficient, environmentally protective, has very big application potential in heavy salinized soil remediation field.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the reparation fields of heavy salinized soil, and in particular to a kind of applied to the green of heavy salinized soil
Color restorative procedure.
Background technique
The salt affected soil enormous amount in China, cultivable soil is less, in addition China human mortality is numerous, salt affected soil is for I
The biggish standby cultivated land resource of state.Heavy salinized soil is the higher saline-alkali soil of pH, and the difficulty repaired is bigger.It is specific in selection
Soil restoring technology when, need to be compared comprehensively according to the factors such as salinization and alkalization and soil property, processing time, cost
Compared with selecting suitable recovery technique.The technology of salt affected soil improvement at present has very much, most common to have water conservancy reparation and plant to repair
It is multiple.
Water conservancy reparation is the basis of current saline-alkali soil recovery technique, but its need to invest it is larger, and by simple
Water conservancy reparation cannot cement out the sodium ion of saline-alkali soil.It cannot fundamentally realize the reparation to saline-alkali soil.
Phytoremediation is a kind of inexpensive, effective restorative procedure, is usually used in slight and moderate saline-alkali soil.This method
Without secondary pollution, as the harvest of plant can be to avoid the generation of secondary salinization of soil, but this method responding time is long, provides to water
The consumption in source is big, while crop also has certain economic benefits.
With science and technology and economic fast development, China can all generate a large amount of biomass every year, including agricultural wastes,
House refuse, forest waste etc., if cannot be larger by these quantity and being also easy to produce the biomass of a variety of harm and being effectively treated,
The mankind and environment can then be caused great harm.Abandoned biomass being effectively treated and utilizing, and being both able to satisfy environmental protection needs
It asks, and is conducive to energy exploitation and application, realize waste treatment and waste.Therefore, saline-alkali soil is repaired using waste preparation hydro-thermal charcoal in recent years
Recovery technique come into being.
Summary of the invention
The main object of the present invention is mentioned for the rarity of waste biomass confrontation saline-alkali soil reparation is utilized in the prior art
For a kind of simple, efficient, environmental-friendly method for repairing heavy salinized soil using hydro-thermal charcoal.It is a kind of to be desorbed using hydro-thermal charcoal
The method of sodium ion on soil particle specifically contains hydrogen functional group using hydro-thermal carbon surface, promotes the shifting of exchangeable sodium ion
The method of dynamic property removal, meanwhile, the faintly acid of hydro-thermal charcoal can neutralize the alkalinity of saline-alkali soil, and labile hydro-thermal charcoal can be preferably
The content of organic matter for increasing soil can largely improve saline-alkali soil original barren situation after water washing.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A method of heavy salinized soil is repaired using hydro-thermal charcoal, it is characterised in that the specific steps of this method are as follows:
A. abandoned biomass is ground into powdered granule of the grain graininess less than 100 mesh, and by water and the powdered granule biomass
It is uniformly mixed by the solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:2 ~ 1:10, under inert atmosphere protection, at 180~240 DEG C, 4 ~ 8 h of hydro-thermal carbonization reaction is obtained
To hydro-thermal charcoal；
B. it with the ratio of heavy salinized soil powdered granule and hydro-thermal charcoal mass ratio 5:1 ~ 20:1, is drenched after being sufficiently mixed uniformly
It washes.
Above-mentioned biological material is the abandoned biomass such as pine needle or stalk.
Above-mentioned elution device pillar height is 25 ~ 45 cm.
Above-mentioned heavy salinized soil has sodium carbonate, sodium sulphate, pH 10.2, salinity 3.8%.
The present invention compared with prior art, technological merit of the invention with have the beneficial effect that:
(1) present invention process is simple, and reaction condition is mild, has many advantages, such as easily controllable, easy to operate；
(2) present invention will not introduce other chemical reagent other than hydro-thermal charcoal during the reaction, and hydro-thermal charcoal is environment friend
Good profile material has the advantages that environmental protection, low energy consumption；
(3) secondary pollution will not be generated in reaction process of the present invention, and because the unique physicochemical property of hydro-thermal charcoal will not be to soil knot
Structure and ingredient cause irreversible destruction, can also improve the physicochemical property of soil；
(4) the hydro-thermal charcoal used in the present invention is prepared by abandoned biomass such as pine needle or stalks, from a wealth of sources, price
It is cheap, achieve the purpose that " treatment of wastes with processes of wastes against one another ", preparation process is simple to operation, economic and environment-friendly.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 a is the effect picture that the embodiment of the present invention one reduces heavy salinized soil pH using pine needle hydro-thermal charcoal.
Fig. 1 b is the effect picture that the embodiment of the present invention one increases heavy salinized soil permeability using pine needle hydro-thermal charcoal.
Fig. 1 c is the effect that the embodiment of the present invention one increases that sodium ion is dissolved out in heavy salinized soil using pine needle hydro-thermal charcoal
Figure.
Fig. 2 a is the effect picture that the embodiment of the present invention two reduces heavy salinized soil pH using stalk hydro-thermal charcoal.
Fig. 2 b is the effect picture that the embodiment of the present invention two increases heavy salinized soil conductivity using stalk hydro-thermal charcoal.
Specific embodiment
Above scheme is described further below in conjunction with specific implementation example.Examples of implementation, which use, is derived from Heilongjiang Province
The salt affected soil of Daqing (46 ° 39 ' 39 " of north latitude, 125 ° 4 ' 38 " of east longitude) is as target rehabilitating soil, using side of the invention
Method repairs it.But specific implementation of the invention is without being limited thereto.
Embodiment one:
In the present embodiment, a method of repairing heavy salinized soil using hydro-thermal charcoal, the specific steps are as follows:
A. it is sieved with 100 mesh sieve after pine needle being cleaned smashing and grinding, selection lower part of screen, which is divided and weighs 20 g, to be placed in autoclave, is taken
It is uniformly mixed after 100 ml deionized waters with pine needle powder and pours into hydrothermal reaction kettle.Inert gas such as N is passed through to reaction kettle2Exhaust
Reaction kettle is covered lid after ventilation and is put into baking oven by 15 min, and hydro-thermal carbonizes 4 ~ 8 h at 180 ~ 240 DEG C.Hydro-thermal charing
The reaction product in reaction kettle is poured into beaker after reaction to filter, vacuum oven of the obtained filter cake at 100 DEG C
Interior 12 h of drying, the desciccate of taking-up sieves with 100 mesh sieve preservation after being ground by porcelain mortar stand-by.
B. pine needle hydro-thermal charcoal prepared by salt affected soil used and this example is uniformly mixed with the ratio of 5:1 ~ 20:1, dress
Column, keeps moisture content to saturation moisture capacity, sequentially adds water elution from top, acquires the filtrate that different numbers obtain, measure institute
Content containing sodium ion, while recording the exudation time completely.
Experimental test and analysis:
In the present embodiment, heavy salinized soil is repaired using pine needle hydro-thermal charcoal manufactured in the present embodiment, reduces heavy salinized soil
The effect of earth pH is shown in Fig. 1 a.It is found that not using hydro-thermal charcoal manufactured in the present embodiment, i.e., individually to severe salt affected soil from Fig. 1 a
Elution, after eluting 7 times, the pH of soil only declines 0.3, and passes through the water that additive amount is 5% and 20%, prepares at a temperature of 240 DEG C
The pH of hot charcoal treated heavy salinized soil declines 1.0 and 1.4 respectively, illustrates that the hydro-thermal charcoal of embodiment preparation can reduce weight
Salt affected soil pH is spent, to there is certain repair to severe salt affected soil.
In the present embodiment, it carries out repairing heavy salinized soil using pine needle hydro-thermal charcoal manufactured in the present embodiment, increases weight
The effect of degree salt affected soil permeability is shown in Fig. 1 b.It is found that the weight handled without hydro-thermal charcoal manufactured in the present embodiment from Fig. 1 b
Salt affected soil is spent, secondary water ooze out the hydro-thermal charcoal and severe for the time being up to 890 min, and preparing in process the present embodiment completely
After salt affected soil mixing, secondary water, which oozes out the time only completely, needs 35 min, hence it is evident that heavy salinized lower than handling without hydro-thermal charcoal
The exudation time of soil.Illustrate that the hydro-thermal charcoal in the present embodiment increases the permeability and hydraulic conductivity of salt affected soil.
In the present embodiment, Fig. 1 c is seen using the effect that pine needle hydro-thermal charcoal increases heavy salinized soil sodium ion dissolution.From
It is heavy salinized after elution 3 times in Fig. 1 c it is found that without the heavy salinized soil that hydro-thermal charcoal manufactured in the present embodiment is handled
The sodium ion the amount of dissolution of soil is 29.7%, and after 180 DEG C and 240 DEG C of hydro-thermal charcoals are mixed with heavy salinized soil, by 3 leaching
It washes, sodium ion the amount of dissolution is respectively 40% and 38%, illustrate that the hydro-thermal charcoal in the present embodiment can accelerate the elution of sodium ion, from
And there is certain repair to severe salt affected soil.
Embodiment two:
The present embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment, and is particular in that:
Biomass in the present embodiment is stalk, the specific steps are as follows:
A. it is sieved with 100 mesh sieve after stalk being cleaned smashing and grinding, selection lower part of screen, which is divided and weighs 20 g, to be placed in autoclave, is taken
It is uniformly mixed after 100 ml deionized waters with pine needle powder and pours into hydrothermal reaction kettle.Inert gas such as N is passed through to reaction kettle2Exhaust
Reaction kettle is covered lid after ventilation and is put into baking oven by 15 min, and hydro-thermal carbonizes 4 ~ 8 h at 240 DEG C.Hydro-thermal carbonization reaction
After the reaction product in reaction kettle poured into beaker filter, obtained filter cake is done in 100 DEG C of vacuum oven
Dry 12 h, the desciccate of taking-up sieves with 100 mesh sieve preservation after being ground by porcelain mortar stand-by.
B. stalk hydro-thermal charcoal prepared by salt affected soil used and this example is uniformly mixed with the ratio of 10:1, fills column, protected
Moisture content is held to saturation moisture capacity, sequentially adds water elution from top, the filtrate collected measures the pH and conductance of filtrate
Rate.
Experimental test and analysis:
In the present embodiment, heavy salinized soil is repaired using stalk hydro-thermal charcoal manufactured in the present embodiment, reduces heavy salinized soil
The effect of earth pH is shown in Fig. 2 a.It is found that not using hydro-thermal charcoal manufactured in the present embodiment, i.e., individually to severe salt affected soil from Fig. 2 a
Elution, the pH of soil is 9.3 after elution, and pass through additive amount be 10%, the stalk hydro-thermal charcoal that is prepared at a temperature of 240 DEG C with again
It is 7.2 that degree salt affected soil, which mixes the pH after elution, i.e., the pH after the Soil leaching of addition stalk hydro-thermal charcoal, which is significantly lower than, does not add straw
The native soil of stalk hydro-thermal charcoal illustrates that the stalk hydro-thermal charcoal in the present embodiment can reduce the pH of heavy salinized soil, thus counterweight
Degree salt affected soil has certain repair.
In the present embodiment, it carries out repairing heavy salinized soil, severe salt using pine needle hydro-thermal charcoal manufactured in the present embodiment
The conductivity effect of alkaline earth earth is shown in Fig. 2 b.It is found that not using hydro-thermal charcoal manufactured in the present embodiment, i.e., independent counterweight from Fig. 2 b
Salt affected soil elution is spent, the conductivity of soil is 1148 μ S/cm after elution, and passing through additive amount is 10%, at a temperature of 240 DEG C
After the stalk hydro-thermal charcoal of preparation mixes elution with heavy salinized soil, the conductivity of soil is 2230 μ S/cm, i.e. addition stalk
Conductivity after the Soil leaching of hydro-thermal charcoal is apparently higher than the native soil for not adding stalk hydro-thermal charcoal, illustrates the stalk in the present embodiment
Hydro-thermal charcoal can promote the salt in heavy salinized soil to analyze, to there is certain repair to severe salt affected soil.
In conclusion the above embodiment of the present invention method proves 3.8 ~ 5.2 and be rich in using pH manufactured in the present embodiment
The method that the pine needle hydro-thermal charcoal or stalk hydro-thermal charcoal of functional group carry out repairing heavy salinized soil is effective.On the one hand it accelerates
On the other hand the elution of sodium ion significantly increases the permeability and hydraulic conductivity of saline-alkali soil, substantially reduce exudation when
Between, avoid the soil problem low because of secondary salinization of soil caused by being impregnated for a long time by ponding and elution efficiency.Finally make
Excessive salinity sufficiently removes in soil, significantly reduces basicity, while increasing the aggregate structure of soil, restores good soil knot
Structure the above embodiment of the present invention method and process is simple, economical and efficient, environmentally protective, has very in heavy salinized soil remediation field
Big application potential.
Combination attached drawing of the embodiment of the present invention is illustrated above, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, it can be with
The purpose of innovation and creation according to the present invention makes a variety of variations, under the Spirit Essence and principle of all technical solutions according to the present invention
Change, modification, substitution, combination or the simplification made, should be equivalent substitute mode, as long as meeting goal of the invention of the invention,
Without departing from the technical principle and inventive concept of the green restorative procedure of organic polluted soil of the present invention, belong to of the invention
Protection scope.
Claims (4)
1. the method for repairing heavy salinized soil using hydro-thermal charcoal, it is characterised in that the specific steps of this method are as follows:
A. abandoned biomass is ground into powdered granule of the grain graininess less than 100 mesh, and by water and the powdered granule biomass
It is uniformly mixed by the solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:2 ~ 1:10, under inert atmosphere protection, at 180~240 DEG C, 4 ~ 8 h of hydro-thermal carbonization reaction is obtained
To hydro-thermal charcoal；
B. it with the ratio of heavy salinized soil powdered granule and hydro-thermal charcoal mass ratio 5:1 ~ 20:1, is drenched after being sufficiently mixed uniformly
It washes.
2. the method according to claim 1 for repairing heavy salinized soil using hydro-thermal charcoal, it is characterised in that the life
Material is respectively the abandoned biomass such as pine needle or stalk.
3. the method for repairing heavy salinized soil using hydro-thermal charcoal according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the elution
Device pillar height is 25 ~ 45 cm.
4. the method for repairing heavy salinized soil using hydro-thermal charcoal according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the severe
Salt affected soil has sodium carbonate, sodium sulphate, pH 10.2, salinity 3.8%.
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| CN201910465831.9A CN110115127A (en) | 2019-05-31 | 2019-05-31 | The method for repairing heavy salinized soil using hydro-thermal charcoal |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910465831.9A CN110115127A (en) | 2019-05-31 | 2019-05-31 | The method for repairing heavy salinized soil using hydro-thermal charcoal |
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Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102939806A (en) * | 2012-11-21 | 2013-02-27 | 清华大学 | Method and system for desalting soil of coastal saline and alkaline land |
| CN106929034A (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2017-07-07 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | A kind of solid waste prepares the new technology of saline-alkali soil conditioner |
| WO2017189337A1 (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2017-11-02 | The Climate Corporation | Improving a digital nutrient model by assimilating a soil sample |
| CN107916108A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-04-17 | 福建省农业科学院农业生态研究所 | A kind of soil conditioner, its preparation method and application |
| DE202018002355U1 (en) * | 2018-05-12 | 2018-06-14 | Nils Dieter Pohlmann | Soil composite system for consolidating a layer in road construction with fine or mixed-grained soils, to be credited to the frost-proof superstructure and for refilling soil masses |
-
2019
- 2019-05-31 CN CN201910465831.9A patent/CN110115127A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102939806A (en) * | 2012-11-21 | 2013-02-27 | 清华大学 | Method and system for desalting soil of coastal saline and alkaline land |
| WO2017189337A1 (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2017-11-02 | The Climate Corporation | Improving a digital nutrient model by assimilating a soil sample |
| CN106929034A (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2017-07-07 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | A kind of solid waste prepares the new technology of saline-alkali soil conditioner |
| CN107916108A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-04-17 | 福建省农业科学院农业生态研究所 | A kind of soil conditioner, its preparation method and application |
| DE202018002355U1 (en) * | 2018-05-12 | 2018-06-14 | Nils Dieter Pohlmann | Soil composite system for consolidating a layer in road construction with fine or mixed-grained soils, to be credited to the frost-proof superstructure and for refilling soil masses |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 李岩松，徐晓红: "《上海天文馆工程建设关键技术研究与应用》", 31 May 2018, 同济大学出版社 * |
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