CN110113221A - System and method for the dynamic bandwidth adjustment of cellular interface in network environment - Google Patents

Abstract

This disclosure relates to the system and method for the dynamic bandwidth adjustment of cellular interface in network environment.It provides a method in an example embodiment, this method may include adjusting bandwidth in each of one or more cellular interfaces for the prediction average throughput that each of one or more cellular interfaces are determining to be predicted average throughput, and be based at least partially on each determination being directed in one or more cellular interfaces.It is capable of providing another method, the another method may include the variance of path metric being determined for multiple cellular interfaces, and update the routing table of cellular interface using identified variance if having differences between identified variance and the previous variance determined for cellular interface.It is capable of providing another method, which may include: to monitor the water-line target threshold value of MAC buffer；It generates and interrupts when reaching the specific water-line target threshold value of MAC；And joining the team in uplink packet to MAC buffer is adjusted based on interrupting.

Description

System and method for the dynamic bandwidth adjustment of cellular interface in network environment

The application be on 09 06th, 2015 the applying date, application No. is 201510561240.3 and entitled The divisional application of " system and method for the dynamic bandwidth adjustment of cellular interface in network environment ".

Related application

The application is in " SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DYNAMIC submitting, entitled on March 5th, 2015 BANDWIDTH ADJUSTMENTS FOR CELLULAR INTERFACES IN A NETWORK ENVIRONMENT (is used for net The system and method for the dynamic bandwidth adjustment of cellular interface in network environment) ", U.S. of inventor Sujay Gopinathan etc. The continuation application (and requirement is according to benefit of priority of U.S.C. § 120) of patent application serial numbers 14/639,748.Earlier application A part that disclosure is counted as disclosure of this application (and with it is contained entirely in disclosure herein by reference In content).

Technical field

Present disclose relates generally to the communications fields, more particularly, to the dynamic band for cellular interface in network environment The system and method for width adjustment.

Background technique

Networking framework has become to become increasingly complex in communication environment (especially mobile wireless environment).With user equipment It is connected to mobile wireless environment more and more, mobile communications network has obtained significant development.In some instances, Yong Hushe Standby can include router, can provide routing traffic by using wired, wireless and/or cellular interface network.It passes through The traffic flow of cellular interface can obviously with for example with environmental condition, cellular interface, user number etc. and change.Due to stream It is stringent that amount routing is often time requirement, thus the stream of the delay on cellular interface will lead to system congestion, lost packets, And/or router resource of overload etc..Therefore, there are great on the cellular interface of the routing device in management network environment Challenge.

Summary of the invention

It provides a method in an example embodiment, this method may include the one or more for router The determining prediction average throughput of each of cellular interface, and it is based at least partially on one or more bees for router The prediction average throughput of each determination in socket and spigot joint mouth adjusts bandwidth in each of one or more cellular interfaces.Some In example, at least one of cellular interface may be connectable to the evolved node B of long term evolution (LTE) network (eNodeB)。

In some instances, determine that prediction average throughput can include determining that cellular-specific connects for cellular-specific interface The every resource block throughput values of one or more of mouth, each of wherein one or more every resource block throughput values and resource block Associated, the resource block is associated with the specific uplink authorization that cellular-specific interface arrives；It is every based on one or more Each of resource block throughput value and will be for every in one or more uplink grants received by cellular interface The number of a resource block transmitted determines one or more instantaneous throughput values of cellular-specific interface；And it is based on and bee The related one or more instantaneous throughput values of the number of one or more uplink grants received by socket and spigot joint mouth it is total With the prediction average throughput for determining cellular-specific interface.

In some instances, determine that every resource block throughput value of particular resource block can be based on the following terms: will by with In the number of symbol of transmission particular resource block, each symbol of particular resource block every sign bit number, will be in specific time The number of subcarrier included by the resource block transmitted in frame, wherein every sign bit number is the modulation based on particular resource block Encoding scheme.

In some cases, this method can include repeating determining and set-up procedure with renewal rate, wherein renewal rate Be at least partially based on router be deployed in fixed environment or mobile environment in configured.In other situations Under, this method can include the adjusted bandwidth for determining cellular-specific interface, by the adjusted bandwidth of cellular-specific interface Compared at least one service quality (QoS) policy mappings configured for the cellular interface, wherein qos policy mapping includes each From multiple QoS service strategies associated with specific bandwidth threshold value；And specific QoS service strategy is associated with spy based on comparing Determine cellular interface.In some instances, specific QoS service strategy can include the distribution by bandwidth to multiple traffic level.

Detailed description of the invention

The more complete understanding to the disclosure and its feature and advantage is provided with reference to being described below in conjunction with attached drawing, wherein phase Same reference label indicates identical part, in which:

Figure 1A is to show the simplified block diagram of communication according to one embodiment of the disclosure, which includes router to promote The dynamic bandwidth adjustment of cellular interface into network environment；

Figure 1B is to show the simplified block diagram of details associated with one of the I/O interface of router possible embodiment；

Fig. 2 is may to implement to be illustrated according to one of router and provide the dynamic bandwidth adjustment phase to cellular interface The simplified flowchart of associated exemplary operations；

Fig. 3 is to show exemplary operations associated with the prediction average throughput of cellular-specific interface of router is determined Simplified flowchart；

Fig. 4 is may to implement to be illustrated according to one of router and provide the adaptive service quality phase of cellular interface The simplified flowchart of associated exemplary operations；

Fig. 5 is to show the simplified block diagram of other details associated with one of router possible embodiment；

Fig. 6 be may implement to be illustrated according to one of router it is related with the offer balancing dynamic load of cellular interface The simplified flowchart of the exemplary operations of connection；

Fig. 7 A-7B is to show the simplified block diagram of additional detail associated with one of router possible embodiment；With And

Fig. 8 is may to implement to be illustrated according to one of router and reduce in cellular modem during congestion The simplified flowchart of the associated exemplary operations of packetization delay.

Specific embodiment

Figure 1A is turned to, Figure 1A is that the simplified block diagram of communication system 100 is shown according to one embodiment of the disclosure, communication System 100 includes router 110 to promote to provide Bandwidth Management for cellular interface.The exemplary architecture of Figure 1A includes router 110, Router 110 can provide each element from multiple links to network 130 or node, comprising: arrive evolved node B (eNodeB) 132 one or more cellular links, to wireless local network connecting point (WLAN AP) 136 one or more Radio Links, with And one or more wire links to wired network nodes 138.In various embodiments, router 110 can include host Interconnection of routers 112, processor 114, memory component 116, host router logic 118, host router storage device 120 and one or more I/O interface, 124.1-124.N.Router 110 can also be referred to as integrated services router (ISR).It discusses in greater detail below, Figure 1B is shown with the I/O interface of router 110 (for example, I/O interface 124.1) simplified block diagram of the possible associated details of embodiment of one.

In various embodiments, network 130 can indicate the series of points or section of interconnected communication paths (wired or wireless) Point, these interconnected communication paths are used to send and receive the grouping for the information for propagating through communication system 100.In each embodiment In, network 130 can be related to single network operator or service provider and/or multiple network operators or service provider Join and/or is provided by single network operator or service provider and/or multiple network operators or service provider.Each In a embodiment, network 130 can include and/or in whole or in part with one or more packets data network (for example, interconnection Net) overlapping.Network 130 can provide communication interface between the selected node or element and router 110 of network, and can be with It is any local area network (LAN), WLAN (WLAN), Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) (MAN), wide area network (WAN), Virtual Private Network (VPN), nothing Line access (RAN), enterprise network, Intranet, extranet or any other structure appropriate for promoting the communication in network environment Or system.

In various embodiments, User Datagram Protocol (UDP)/Internet protocol (UDP/IP) can be implemented in network 130 Connection, and transmission control protocol (TCP/IP) communication language protocol is used in the specific embodiment of the disclosure.However, communication Network can implement any other suitable communication protocol alternatively to send and receive data in communication system 100.Each In a embodiment, network 130 can be the multiple networks interconnected by one or more network applications.

In general, router 110 can be used each link (for example, honeycomb, wireless, wired) and promote network 130 The transmission of data and information between each element, wherein can be provided via one or more 124.1-124.N of I/O interface These links, one or more 124.1-124.N of I/O interface can be matched according to Carrier Requirements for router 110 It sets.Although it is not shown, in various embodiments, router 110 can be included in network 130.In this specification Mentioned herein, " link " can refer to any communication path between the element or node and given I/O interface of network 130 (wired or wireless).In various embodiments, router 110 can be one or more of the following items: network home appliance, clothes Business device, interchanger, gateway, bridge, load balancer, firewall, processor, module, ustomer premises access equipment (CPE), or can grasp Make to come any other suitable equipment, component, element or object that information is exchanged in communication system 100.In each embodiment In, router 110 can be deployed in fixed or mobile environment.In fixed environment, for example, router 110 can be it is quiet State, for example, in building, tower, gymnasium etc..In mobile environment, for example, router 110 can be movement or movement , for example, in bus, aircraft, train, ship etc..

In various embodiments, one or more I/O interfaces can be added to router 110 or by from router 110 remove, to provide one or more primary links for transmitting data or information in network 130.In various embodiments, One or more I/O interfaces can be added to router 110 or be removed from router 110, to provide one or more Secondary (or " spare ") link, it is next the case where the exchange of data or information on one or more primary links goes wrong or Multiple secondary links can be used for the exchange of data or information in network 130.In various embodiments, such problems can Including but not limited to: losing connection to primary link, congestion on primary link, disconnect the equipment to primary link (for example, equipment Failure, power-off etc.), the interference on primary link, error in data, and combinations thereof etc..

First I/O, 124.1 interface can provide first path for one or more cellular links to eNodeB 132. In the present specification, in order to illustrate certain features of router 110, the first I/O124.1 interface can be alternately known as " bee Socket and spigot joint mouth " 124.1, " the first cellular interface " 124.1, " honeycomb I/O interface " 124.1 or " the first honeycomb I/O interface " 124.1. As mentioned in this specification, term " honeycomb " can refer to that long term evolution (LTE) is communicated, for example, evolved General Mobile is logical Letter system (UMTS) land radio access web (E-UTRAN) communication, as the 3rd generation partner program (3GPP) defined Referred to as 4G, LTE and/or advanced LTE (LTE-A).

In some embodiments, router 110 can be configured with multiple honeycomb I/O interfaces, for example, the 2nd I/O 124.2, the second path can be provided for one or more additional cellular links to eNodeB 132.In the present specification, 2nd I/O 124.2 can be alternately known as, and " cellular interface " 124.2, " the second cellular interface " 124.2, " honeycomb I/O connects Mouth " 124.2 or " the second honeycomb I/O interface " 124.2.In general, eNodeB (for example, eNodeB 132) can be disposed The covering of 4G/LTE/LTE-A macro network and/or family (HeNB) (not shown) can be disposed to provide to 4G/ with providing The covering of LTE/LTE-A cell access net.In general, small subzone network compared with macro network the difference is that: it is small Subzone network is usually made of multiple small cell access points (for example, HeNB), these small cell access points can be covered to macro network It covers the user in (for example, in building, structure, facility etc.) environment for being restricted or interfering and immediate covering is provided.

As discussed in this specification, the cellular interface (for example, I/O interface 124.1,124.2) of router 110 can be with Given eNodeB (for example, eNodeB 132) or given HeNB are recognized as user equipment (UE).For user equipment, it is meant that Cellular interface can be recognized as the typical mobile subscriber for wanting to initiate stream in the communication system 100 by a certain network by eNodeB Or user.For example, user equipment can include that can initiate voice, audio, video, media or data in communication system 100 Any component, element or the object of exchange.As used in this document, data and/or information refer to any kind of number Word, voice, video, media or script data or any kind of source or object code or can be transferred to separately from a bit Any other suitable information of any format appropriate of a bit.In certain embodiments, 110 cellular interface (example of router Such as, one or more I/O interfaces 124.1 and/or 124.2 depend on configuration) it can have to network insertion and/or application clothes The packing of business is subscribed to.In various embodiments, it is able to use dynamic host configuration protocol (DHCP), stateless address is matched automatically Set, default bearing activation etc. or its any suitable variant (such as defined in 3GPP TS 29.061) Lai Zhiding or The cellular interface IP address of multiple I/O interfaces 124.1 and/or 124.2.In general, honeycomb I/O interface is given (for example, one Or any one of multiple I/O interfaces 124.1 and/or 124.2) can with such as international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI) it The entity of class is associated, which can be associated with the operator of the I/O interface of operation router 110 or subscriber.

3rd I/O interface 124.3 is capable of providing one or more Radio Links of WLAN AP.Such as institute in this specification It refers to, term " wireless " may refer to any wireless communication, for example, Wi-Fi, WiMAX, bluetooth^TM、A combination thereof Deng.In general, WLAN AP (for example, WLAN AP 136) can be disposed with provide to wireless technology (for example, Wi-Fi, WiMAX, bluetooth^TM、Deng) covering.

3rd I/O interface 124.3 is capable of providing one or more wire links of network node 138.Such as this specification Mentioned in, term " wired " may refer to any wire communication, for example, Ethernet, Power over Ethernet (PoE), number are used Family route (DSL), cable, optical fiber optics, optical-fibre channel, universal serial bus (USB), serial, T1/E1/T3/E3/OCn (OC3, OC48 etc.), a combination thereof etc..In various embodiments, wired network nodes 138 can be one in the following terms It is or multinomial: network home appliance, server, interchanger, gateway, bridge, load balancer, firewall, processor, module, user End equipment (CPE), or be operable to exchange in communication network 130 any other suitable equipment of information, component, element or Object.

It should be pointed out that only illustrative purpose and provide multiple 124.1-124.N of I/O interface and support certain links The configuration of the various I/O interfaces of type (for example, honeycomb, wireless, wired), and it is not intended to the model of limitation embodiment of the disclosure It encloses.Within the scope of this disclosure, according to operator needs, can be configured for router 110 any number of I/O interface and/or The combination of any I/O interface.

Router 110 can include one or more elements or component to facilitate the operation of router 110.Such as institute in Figure 1A Show, host router interconnection 112 can provide interconnection between each element, logic in router 110 etc..In each implementation In example, host router interconnection 112 can include one or more electronic busses, one or more electronic circuits, hardware, soft Part, a combination thereof etc., host router interconnection 112 can promote the number between each element, logic in router 110 etc. According to the transmission of, information etc..In various embodiments, host router logic 118 can include one or more electronic circuits, it is hard Part, software, a combination thereof etc. are configured due to that can be directed to router 110, and host router logic 118 can promote road By any combination of the 124.1-124.N of each operation and/or I/O interface of device 110.In certain embodiments, host router Logic 118 may include router cellular interface logic, which can be used to set one by router The cellular interface bandwidth of a or multiple honeycomb I/O interfaces.In various embodiments, host router storage device 120 can wrap One or more databases, look-up table, list, a combination thereof etc. are included, host router storage device 120 can be accessed (example Such as, be written and/or read) to promote the one or more of router 110 to operate.In various embodiments, memory component 116 Can storing data and/or information, data and/or information can be used for realizing that dynamic bandwidth adjustment listed herein, I/O connect The I/O interface operation and/or other operations of 124.1-124.N of mouth and/or router 110.In addition, in certain embodiments, place Reason device 114 can be hardware processor, the hardware processor can runs software, instruction and algorithm, a combination thereof etc. to execute The I/O interface operation of dynamic bandwidth adjustment, router 110 listed herein and/or other operations.

With reference to Figure 1B, Figure 1B be shown according to one embodiment of router 110 router 110 I/O (for example, Honeycomb) interface 124.1 simplified block diagram.As shown in fig. 1b, I/O interface 124.1 is mutual including cellular modem 150, I/O Even 160, processor 162, memory component 164, I/O interface logic 166 and I/O interface storage apparatus 168.Honeycomb modulatedemodulate Adjusting device 150 includes transmitter 152 and receiver 154, and wherein transmitter 152 can promote the uplink towards eNodeB 132 The transmission of flow, receiver 154 can promote the transmission of the downlink traffic from eNodeB 132.In each implementation Can include one or more antenna (not shown) by the I/O interface 124.1 of cellular modem 150 in example, one or Mutiple antennas can promote the transmission and/or reception of uplink and/or downlink traffic.

In various embodiments, I/O interconnection 160 can include one or more electronic busses, one or more electronics electricity Road, hardware, software, a combination thereof etc., I/O interconnection 160 can promote each member in I/O interface 124.1 and router 110 The transmission of data, information between part, logic etc. etc..In various embodiments, I/O interface logic 166 can include, one or Multiple electronic circuits, hardware, software, a combination thereof etc., I/O interface logic 166 can promote I/O interface 124.1 and router 110 various operations.In various embodiments, I/O interface storage apparatus 168 can include one or more databases, search Table, list, a combination thereof etc., I/O interface storage apparatus 168 can be accessed (for example, write-in and/or reading) to promote I/O One or more operations of interface 124.1 and router 110.In various embodiments, memory component 164 being capable of storing data And/or information, data and/or information will be used to realize listed herein dynamic bandwidth adjustment, I/O interface 124.1 and/or The I/O interface operation of router 110 and/or other operations.In addition, in certain embodiments, processor 114 can be at hardware Manage device, the hardware processor can runs software, instruction and algorithm, a combination thereof etc. to execute dynamic band listed herein Wide adjustment, the I/O interface operation of I/O interface 124.1 and/or router 110 and/or other operations.

The some of Figure 1A -1B are described in detail the router generally provided in commercial architecture can be understood before operating aspect Cellular interface denominator it is important.It only instructs purpose and following basis is provided cordially, therefore its not Ying Yiren Where formula is counted as limiting the wide in range introduction of the disclosure.As discussed previously, router (for example, ISR) can include 4G/ LTE cellular interface, 4G/LTE cellular interface can be used as active/standby using link on the router.According to for router and by Configure or including I/O interface (for example, wired, wireless, and/or cellular interface various combination), it is relevant to interface bandwidth Information can be configured for router.As discussed herein, " interface bandwidth " is intended to refer to connects for the I/O of router The bandwidth of mouthful setting, can by the I/O interface of the router router and another network element swapping data or letter Breath.In various embodiments, the determining and I/O can be used to by another router to give the interface bandwidth of I/O interface setting Service quality (QoS) configurations of the associated one or more data flows of interface, timing, cache management, load balance etc..

Currently, for router cellular interface set bandwidth be based on accompanying by cellular modem in technology 's.For example, honeycomb connects if cellular modem is attached to 4G/LTE network (for example, being attached to eNodeB or HeNB) Port band width is fixed and is set to the uplink bandwidth of 50Mbps (megabits per second) and the downlink band of 100Mbps The theoretical maximum of wide (being indicated usually using term " 50/100Mbps ").It is different from wired (for example, fixed-bandwidth) interface, Cellular interface bandwidth can be based on such as signal(l)ing condition (for example, signal-to-noise ratio), cell (for example, the covering of eNodeB and/or HeNB Region) in user number etc. and dynamic changes.

Because air interface is shared resource (for example, with other users collaborative share in cell), by router Cellular interface interface bandwidth be set as theoretical maximum can be brought to router operate inefficient/problem.In fact, to honeycomb For interface, the maximum bandwidth that can be realized may be far smaller than theoretical maximum.Due to the change data throughput based on bandwidth Amount can change in a wide range, thus for key application when using cellular interface it is difficult to ensure that bandwidth. It can be in configuration service quality (QoS) (for example, being sometimes referred to for example, the interface bandwidth of cellular interface is set as theoretical maximum Make layering and be lined up frame (HQF)) when bring problem because the configuration of HQF is dependent on interface bandwidth (for example, by router The bandwidth percentage of command line interface (CLI) setting).The QoS configuration of mistake will lead to poor QoS, influence and cellular interface Delay, reliability, and/or the shake of associated customer flow.Therefore, for make as QoS etc feature on the router just It is often used, interface bandwidth should be only possible accurate.

According to each embodiment described herein, router 110 is configured to supply for providing the dynamic to cellular interface The system and method for Bandwidth adjustment.In at least one embodiment, method described herein can by one of router 110 or Multiple hardware processors execute.In general, system and method provided by router 110 can make 4G/LTE honeycomb connect Mouth (for example, the first I/O interface 124.1, the 2nd I/O interface 124.2, depend on configuration) can be based on router 110 wherein The actual signal situation of the operating environment of running dynamically adjusts the cellular interface bandwidth set for router 110.Router 110 (for example, including processor, logic etc.) then can be based on interface capability rather than theoretical hypothesis is directed to various operations Make wise decision.

In various embodiments, system and method provided by router 110 can be based on instantaneous signal situation and network Availability predicts 4G/LTE uplink throughput.In operation, for example, can based on by given eNodeB (for example, ENodeB 132) it is the resource that the uplink data flow amount of given user equipment (for example, honeycomb I/O interface 124.1) is distributed The number of block (RB) calculates 4G/LTE uplink throughput.As before, eNodeB can simply distinguish honeycomb routing interface Know to want to initiate the user equipment (UE) of stream by a certain network in the communication system 100.Therefore, term in the description " user equipment ", " cellular interface " and " honeycomb I/O interface " can be used alternatingly.

According to 3GPP standard, RB can be used for one or more UE transfer resources into cell.Resource can include Control resource and data resource.RB is made of several resource elements, and each resource element can be directed to and given UE in symbol Associated specific subcarrier (for example, frequency) and be allocated.In general, in specific output time interval (TTI) (in 4G/LTE In communication, typically last for 1 millisecond (msec)) in transmit data each subframe in include two RB.RB mono- in subframe As be referred to as gap, wherein gap typically lasts for 0.5msec (for example, two gaps of every subframe or RB).

The minimum unit of RB is resource element, indicates a subcarrier multiplied by a symbol.Match depending on cyclic prefix It sets, each RB (or gap) can include a symbol in six (6) or seven (7).For 4G/LTE, the number of the subcarrier of RB is 12, wherein 15 kHz of each extension (15 KHz bandwidth).Each resource element of each symbol of RB is able to use bit number It indicates, bit number can change with to communicate selected Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS).For example, according to selected to communicate MCS is able to use 6 bit/symbols for 64 quadrature amplitude modulations (QAM)；For 16 QAM, be able to use four (4) bits/ Symbol；Two (2) bit/symbols etc. are able to use for quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK).

In various embodiments, the uplink throughput of prediction can be used for configure cellular interface bandwidth, and with And/or when for UE (for example, I/O interface 124.1) eNodeB distribute change when can be dynamically adjusted.According to current 3GPP standard, such as by technical specification (TS) 36.201, TS 36.211, TS 36.212, TS 36.213, TS 36.213, TS 36.214 and TS, 36.216 general provisions, the process for dispatching the uplink data flow amount of UE can include:

1) when data will by from given UE (for example, the first I/O interface 124.1) be sent to given eNodeB (for example, ENodeB 132) when, which is able to use physical uplink link common signal channel (PUCCH) and sends scheduling request to eNodeB (SR).Buffer state reports (BSR) instruction UE needs to be sent to the amount of the data of eNodeB；

2) if eNodeB is able to use drying method and carrys out estimating uplink signal quality: detection reference signal (SRS) method, UE demodulated reference signal (DRS) method or mixed automatic repeat request (HARQ) feedback method；

A) for SRS method: UE can send (for example, by transmitter 152) across certain RB, across entire channel strip Wide predefined sequence, and the radio resource of eNodeB is used to determine signal quality by the eNodeB；

B) for DRS method: UE can be sent in the intermediate symbols of each gap (for example, RB), radio money Source is used to determine signal quality by the eNodeB；

C) for HARQ feedback method: UE is able to use low modulation encoding scheme (MCS) and starts to transmit RB until block mistake Rate (BLER) starts to increase, to determine signal quality.In general, there is no radio resource to be used for determining signal matter using this method Amount；

3) based on the signal quality for using the one or more in above method to determine, eNodeB will be by under physics Uplink (UL) authorization (GRANT) message is sent to UE on row common signal channel (PDCCH) to come to UE (for example, the first I/O interface 124.1) number of resource block (RB) and the Modulation and Coding Scheme for specific uplink transmission are indicated.The eNodeB being capable of needle Multiple UL GRANT message are sent to the multiple UL transmission dispatched for UE.

4) encoding scheme needed for UE (for example, the first I/O interface 124.1) is able to use eNodeB is (for example, be based on signal Situation) data are sent on RB.

Because UE 4G/LTE cellular modem (for example, cellular modem 150 of I/O interface 124.1) is known Modulation and Coding Scheme needed for RB and eNodeB that eNodeB is distributed, so can be based on the identified a resource in one (1) The handling capacity of block is multiplied by the instantaneous throughput (IT) that the number for being used for the RB of UL transmission is calculated to I/O interface 124.1.Each In embodiment, the handling capacity of 1 RB is by 1) by the symbolic number for the specific RB that be used to be sent multiplied by 2) being used for Every sign bit number (for example, pass through Modulation and Coding Scheme determine) of each symbol is multiplied by 3) sub-carrier number of the RB [for example, The sub-carrier number that symbolic number * bit/symbol * is sent in the time frame of RB].

After the handling capacity for determining every RB, in various embodiments, it can be received based on honeycomb I/O interface 124.1 The number of UL GRANT message is averaged to instantaneous throughput to determine the prediction average throughput of honeycomb I/O interface 124.1. In certain embodiments, prediction average throughput can be used to move based on actual uplink link signal quality by router 110 State change, the cellular interface bandwidth for updating, and/or setting router 110.In certain embodiments, average throughput can be by It is transferred to processor 114, host router logic 118 etc., can be patrolled via router cellular interface by the average throughput It collects and dynamically changes, updates, and/or set cellular interface bandwidth for router 110.

Consider to assume that every RB continues 0.5msec (in time domain) and includes that 12 subcarriers (each have 15 kHz (kHz) bandwidth (in frequency domain)) operate embodiment.As noted, it can be carried by the number of symbol multiplied by the son of every RB Modulation and Coding Scheme used in wave determines the data throughout (TperRB) of every 1 RB.For optimal cases, for example, examining Considering can be sent using 7 symbols of 64 QAM MCS (for example, 6 bit/symbols) in 0.5msec.Using above etc. Formula, this handling capacity (TperRB) for being converted into every 1 RB be approximately the every RB of 1 megabits per second (Mbps/RB) [for example, 7 symbols/ 12 subcarriers that the every RB time frame (0.5msec) of RB*6 bit/symbol * sends].It can be incited somebody to action by honeycomb I/O interface 124.1 The number of the RB sent for UL GRANT calculates wink multiplied by 1MBps/RB TperRB [for example, number * TperRB of RB] When handling capacity (IT).For example, 6 RB* approximation 1Mbps/RB of every UL GRANT are converted into approximate 6Mbps.Determination can be passed through The sum of instantaneous throughput is divided by the number of UL GRANT message received by I/O interface 124.1 [for example, (IT1+IT2 + ...+ITm)/(number of received UL GRANT message), wherein " m " is equal to received UL GRANT message Number integer] determine prediction average throughput.By I/O interface 124.1 (for example, being patrolled by processor 162, I/O interface Volumes 166, modem firmware etc.) the prediction average throughput that is calculated can be sent to processor 114 and/or host Router logic 118, and can be dynamically altered, more for the cellular interface bandwidth of the first I/O interface 124.1 configuration New, and/or setting.In various embodiments, router 110 can include cellular interface logic (for example, patrolling in host router In volume or disconnect), cellular interface logic can be used for dynamically changing, update, and/or setting connecing for the first I/O The cellular interface bandwidth of 124.1 configuration of mouth.

As noted above, since signal quality can change depending on various factors, so every UL GRANT MCS can change, and correspondingly the instantaneous throughput of every UL GRANT can change.Therefore, average throughput meter is predicted Calculation can be used for providing " snapshot " to the signal(l)ing condition in a period of time.In various embodiments, average in its interior prediction Handling capacity can be calculated and/or for changing, update and/or set given honeycomb I/O interface the one of cellular interface bandwidth The section time can be according to environment (for example, fixed or movement), 110 load of router, environmental condition, operating condition, its group Close etc. and change.

For example, in the fixed environment with general predictable environment and/or operating condition, according to the environment of estimation and/ Or operating condition (for example, within the business hours in environment with more users), the prediction for calculating cellular-specific interface are average The handling capacity and renewal rate of time frame for updating cellular interface bandwidth can be for approximate 1 minute or bigger.In another example, For example, in mobile environment, for example, according to the environment of estimation and/or operating condition (for example, mass transit system is upper Come off duty peak period), renewal rate can be shortened to from approximate 20-30 seconds until 1 minute or more range.It is appropriate determining Time frame when, cellular system is excessively frequently updated and is seen as dynamically mentioning cellular interface in length and breadth in short time frame and can drop The performance and/or efficiency of low cellular interface and/or router.

Therefore, in one or more embodiments, system and method provided by router 110 can various advantages, packet It includes but is not limited to: the higher feature of router 110, the better visibility of the characteristic of honeycomb I/O interface are provided；Adjustment routing One or more features provided by device 110；Ensure that the key of router and/or cellular interface is answered under conditions of rapidly changing With can have Bandwidth guaranteed；Adaptability QoS feature is provided (for example, providing interface band for different flow type for honeycomb I/O interface The wide business monitoring based on percentage, this can be based upon the cellular interface bandwidth of honeycomb I/O interface setting and correspondingly by Adjustment is reconfigured without carrying out any user to router)；Prediction average throughput based on honeycomb I/O interface is more Load balance is provided between a honeycomb I/O interface；And/or it provides during the cellular modem congestion of honeycomb I/O interface The method for reducing the delay of grouping.

Fig. 2 is gone to, Fig. 2 is may to implement to be illustrated according to one of recording 110 and provide the dynamic to cellular interface The simplified flowchart of the associated exemplary operations 200 of Bandwidth adjustment.In various embodiments, operation 200 can be by (one or more It is a) logic of processor and/or router 110 (for example, processor 114 and/or host router logic 118, in certain implementations Example in host router logic 118 can include router cellular interface logic) and/or honeycomb I/O interface (for example, honeycomb I/O The I/O interface logic 166 and/or processor 162 of interface 124.1) any combination execute.

No matter when, according to configuration (for example, according to deployed environment, renewal rate etc.), one or more I/O can be directed to Interface (for example, honeycomb I/O interface 124.1,124.2) calculates prediction average throughput.Therefore, operation may begin at 202, In for router (for example, router 110) the determining prediction average throughput of each of one or more cellular interfaces.? 204, operation can averagely be gulped down including being based at least partially on the prediction for each determination being directed in one or more cellular interfaces The amount of spitting adjusts the bandwidth of the cellular interface of router, and operation can terminate.In various embodiments, determining and set-up procedure energy Enough repetitions according to renewal rate, renewal rate can be matched by network operator, device manufacturer, user, a combination thereof etc. It sets.In some embodiments, renewal rate can depend, at least partially, on router and be deployed in mobile environment still fixing In environment.

Fig. 3 is gone to, Fig. 3 is the cellular interface (for example, honeycomb I/O interface 124.1) for showing with determining router 110 Predict the simplified flowchart of the associated exemplary operations 300 of average throughput.In various embodiments, operation 300 can be by (one It is a or multiple) logic of hardware processor and/or router 110 (for example, processor 114 and/or host router logic 118, Host router logic 118 can include router cellular interface logic in certain embodiments) and/or honeycomb I/O interface (example Such as, the I/O interface logic 166 and/or processor 162 of honeycomb I/O interface 124.1) any combination execute.No matter when, It, can be for cellular-specific I/O interface (for example, honeycomb I/O connects according to configuration (for example, according to deployed environment, renewal rate etc.) 124.1) mouth calculates prediction average throughput.

Therefore, operation may begin at 302, wherein can determine that one or more every resource blocks are handled up for cellular interface Magnitude.In various embodiments, each value in one or more every resource block throughput values can be related to particular resource block Connection, the particular resource block are associated with specific uplink authorization received by cellular interface.In various embodiments, it determines Every resource block throughput value of particular resource block can number based on the symbol that will be used to send particular resource block, resource block Every sign bit number of each symbol, sub-carrier number included in every RB time frame resource block.In a particular embodiment, often Sign bit number is the Modulation and Coding Scheme based on particular resource block.

304, operation can include each throughput value in every resource block throughput value and will based on one or more The resource block sent for each uplink grant in one or more uplink grants received by cellular interface Number determine one or more instantaneous throughput values of cellular interface.306, operation can include being based on and cellular interface institute The sum of the related one or more instantaneous throughput values of the number of the one or more uplink grants received determines bee The prediction average throughput of socket and spigot joint mouth, and operation can terminate.

Fig. 4 is gone to, Fig. 4 is may to implement to be illustrated according to one of router 110 and provide the adaptation of cellular interface The simplified flowchart of the associated exemplary operations 400 of sex service quality.Before the exemplary operations that Fig. 4 is described in detail, road is understood It is important by the denominator of current service quality (QoS) model of the I/O interface of device.It only instructs purpose and mentions cordially For following information, therefore its wide in range introduction that should not be counted as the limitation disclosure in any way.

Using current QoS model, single service strategy is applied to I/O interface, which is static.For having For line interface, this method is usually acceptable, but for cellular interface, as discussed herein, bandwidth can Number, signal strength based on user, signal-to-noise ratio, router are in static situation and are that mobile environment is medium and change.Moreover, The control to QoS is not provided to the bandwidth based on cellular interface with static qos policy associated with cellular interface The change of present availability is made explanations.

According to each embodiment described herein, router 110 can be configured as based on honeycomb I/O interface (for example, honeycomb I/O interface 124.1,124.2 etc., depend on configuration) bandwidth expection availability and for router 110 configure one or more A QoS service strategy (for example, golden service strategy, silver-colored service strategy, copper service strategy etc.) creates and predefined level map Multiple qos policies mapping.

Consider, for example, the QoS service strategy for the flow configuration of different stage is as follows:

Gold --- high priority voice flux is distributed to by the 80% of the bandwidth (BW) of cellular-specific interface, therein 20% Distribute to critical data, and to the flow application of whole default levels " best endeavors (best effort) "；

Silver --- high priority voice flux is distributed to by the 50% of the BW of cellular-specific interface, therein 40% distributes to Critical data, and therein 20% distributes to default level；

Copper --- high priority voice flux is distributed to by the 30% of the BW of cellular-specific interface, therein 20% distributes to Critical data, therein 10% distributes to batch data, and remaining BW is distributed to default level.

In various embodiments, the expection availability of the bandwidth of the cellular interface based on router 110 is (for example, based on pre- Phase fix or move deployment, expected environmental condition, expection can operating condition etc. expection etc.), qos policy can be mapped and be carried out Configuration, when cellular interface bandwidth is the predetermined average throughput based on cellular interface and sets, qos policy mapping can by with In making given QoS service strategy be associated with cellular interface in operation.In various embodiments, it can be reflected for qos policy The various cellular interface bandwidth thresholds of configuration are penetrated, is able to carry out by these cellular interface bandwidth thresholds and is set with for honeycomb I/O interface The comparison of the cellular interface bandwidth of fixed (for example, according to prediction average throughput adjustment/setting), will be associated with honeycomb with determination The QoS service strategy for the stream of one or more handled by the interface of I/O interface.In various embodiments, road is depended on By the deployment of device 110, the mapping of (one or more) qos policy, QoS service strategy, and/or associated level map can be by Network operator, device manufacturer, user, a combination thereof etc. configure.

Consider to be related to example discussed above QoS service strategy can operation example.In operation, work as cellular interface When bandwidth lower (for example, being adjusted to lower than predetermined " low " BW threshold value), above-mentioned gold service strategy can be associated with honeycomb and connect Mouthful.When BW is by limited time, golden service strategy can be used for ensuring that 80% cellular interface BW can be assigned to high priority flows Amount.This example is continued with, when interface bandwidth improves (for example, being adjusted to be higher than predetermined " low " BW threshold value but lower than predetermined "high" BW threshold value) when, above-mentioned silver service strategy can be associated with cellular interface.When interface bandwidth further increases (for example, being adjusted For higher than predetermined "high" BW threshold value) when, above-mentioned copper service strategy can be associated with cellular interface.In various embodiments, root Can aid in the BW flow for being dynamically assigned to different stage according to the bandwidth for interface setting ensures on given cellular interface Crucial application can be provided sufficient bandwidth.

Referring back to Fig. 4, Fig. 4 may implement to be illustrated and provide honeycomb I/O interface according to one of router 110 Adaptive service quality it is associated operation 400.For Fig. 4, it is assumed that including multiple QoS service strategies (wherein each QoS clothes Business strategy includes corresponding level map) the mapping of at least one qos policy be directed to the given cellular interface of router 110 (for example, the first I/O interface 124.1) is configured.In various embodiments, qos policy mapping, QoS service strategy and/or grade Ying She not can be configured and/or be stored in memory component 116, host router storage device 120, memory component 164, I/O interface storage apparatus 168, or combinations thereof in.In various embodiments, processor 114, host router logic are able to use 118, processor 162, I/O interface logic 166, or combinations thereof.

No matter when, configuration (for example, depending on deployed environment, renewal rate etc.) is depended on, cellular-specific can be directed to I/O interface (for example, honeycomb I/O interface 124.1) calculates prediction average throughput.402, operation can include determining to be directed to bee The bandwidth that socket and spigot joint mouth is adjusted.404, operation can include will be for the bandwidth that cellular interface is adjusted and for honeycomb At least one qos policy mapping that interface is configured is compared.In at least one embodiment, qos policy, which maps, includes Multiple QoS service strategies, each QoS service strategy are associated with specific bandwidth threshold value.In at least one embodiment, each QoS service strategy further includes cellular interface bandwidth to can be by the distribution for the multiple traffic level or stream that cellular interface is handled.? 406, operation includes specific QoS service strategy being associated with cellular interface based on comparative result, and operate and can terminate.Each It, being capable of repetitive operation 400 after determining that the bandwidth of one or more cellular interfaces has been adjusted in a embodiment.

In various embodiments, adaptability QoS is provided on cellular interface be capable of providing one or more advantages, including list Be not limited to: the rank for carrying out associating policy in a dynamic fashion compared with static configuration, which can aid in, keeps router operation more reliable (when in the movement environment that router is deployed in unique main interface that wherein cellular interface may be the router and/or fast Under conditions of speed changes, this is especially important), providing Adaptive QoS on cellular interface and can aid in ensures that key is answered With the bandwidth with abundance.

Fig. 5 is gone to, Fig. 5 is may to implement to be illustrated to bear with the dynamic of honeycomb I/O interface according to one of router 110 Carry the simplified block diagram for balancing associated details.As shown in Figure 5, router 110 can include host router interconnection 112, Processor 114, memory component 116, host router logic 118, host router storage device 120, I/O interface 124.1- 124.N and load balance logic 210.As shown in Figure 5, network 130 includes eNodeB 132, WLAN AP136 and wired Network node 138.

The some of Fig. 5 are described in detail the bee of the router generally provided in commercial architecture can be understood before operating aspect The denominator of the load balance of socket and spigot joint mouth is important.It only instructs purpose and following basis is provided cordially, therefore it is not It should be counted as limiting the wide in range introduction of the disclosure in any way.As discussed herein, it is gulped down by the data of cellular interface The amount of spitting can number, bandwidth of cell based on the user in signal quality, cell etc. and change.On the router, if there is more A 4G/LTE interface, then router interior operating system (IOS), logic etc. will be according to the data throughout energy of these cellular interfaces They are identified as equivalent (for example, having same paths measurement when routing determines when being related to making) by power.However, practical On, multiple 4G/LTE interfaces of same cell tower (for example, eNodeB) are connected in terms of uplink data throughput capabilities There can be different manifestations.For example, uplink data throughput capabilities, which can depend on eNodeB, distributes to every 4G/LTE The amount of the resource (for example, resource block) of modem.

Therefore, in current deployment, every packet payload between a pair of of 4G/LTE cellular interface is balanced, router is only Assuming that each 4G/LTE interface by undertake 50% load, when actually a 4G/LTE interface may be capable of handling than another When the high data throughout of 4G/LTE interface, vice versa.Such hypothesis can cause inefficient to the load balance of router.

Several agreements including Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (IGRP) and Enhanced IGRP (EIGRP) use " variance (variance) " the asymmetrical load balance between order supporting interface, " variance (variance) " order, which provides, to be used for The static configuration of the routing of grouping is selected between multiple paths to identical destination.For example, if there is destination is arrived Two paths, then EIGRP calculates path metric based on the bandwidth of each interface associated with each path and delay, and Variance can be configured as providing asymmetrical load balance between path.

Consider numerical example.For example, the first path being computed that there is first path size to be 20 is measured (referred herein to For " P1 "), and it is 50 the second path metric (referred to here as " P2 ") being computed that the second path, which has size,.Show currently In example, because P1 can have the lower measurement of identical destination, P1 will be entered the routing table of router, and arrive Whole flows of the destination will use P1.If providing asymmetrical load balance between P1 and P2, should make by with It is greater than P2 path metric (for example, 50) in route is put into the minimum measurement in routing table.In this example, the side that size is 3 Difference will need to be added to load balance configuration, and it is 3*20=60 that this, which will lead to through the path metric of P1,.Present P1 and P2 energy Enough it is used for the load balance class boundary of destination, and asymmetrical load balance can be executed based on provided measurement. In present exemplary, for each grouping sent by P2,3 groupings will be sent by P1.

However, as noted, in current deployment, not supporting the asymmetrical load balance between cellular interface.Due to The bandwidth of cellular interface is assumed to be theoretical maximum, so load is only shared on each cellular interface on a 50-50 basis, this can be given Router obtain load balance bring it is inefficient.

Each embodiment according to one's own department or unit, router 110, which can provide, promotes the dynamic load between cellular interface flat The system and method for weighing apparatus.In fact, when multiple cellular interfaces (for example, the first I/O interface 124.1 and the 2nd I/O interface 124.2) needle When being configured to router 110, it is flat that router 110 makes wise every packet payload using the knowledge of cellular interface bandwidth Weighing apparatus determines.For example, router 110 can utilize the 4G modem (for example, for uplink) of multiple cellular interfaces Data throughput capability, and make wise load balance and determine.

In various embodiments, the variance of one or more cellular interfaces can based on for each special interface (for example, First I/O interface 124.1 and the 2nd I/O interface 124.2) determine interface bandwidth and dynamic change, this meeting is so that optimal multichannel Diameter is used for the asymmetrical load balance of router 110.

In operation, can data throughout (uplink) ability based on each corresponding 4G modem come Calculate the interface bandwidth of each cellular interface.For multiple cellular interfaces, the variance of the path metric between multiple cellular interfaces The ratio that can be measured between the measurement of the maximum path of these cellular interfaces as the minimal path of these cellular interfaces is counted It obtains.In various embodiments, the ratio can as integer and be oriented it is whole calculated to next integer, as such as the following Shown in formula 1.

Variance=(max (P1, P2 ... Pm)/min (P1, P2 ... Pm))+

(numerical value for being rounded to next integer) equation 1

For equation 1, P1 be using the first cellular interface (for example, cellular interface 124.1) destination (for example, ENodeB 132) path metric, P2 be path metric of the second cellular interface (for example, cellular interface 124.2), etc. until " m " cellular interface.Router 110 can include routing table, and wherein the variance of path metric can be based on the side being calculated Difference change and be updated.

In various embodiments, according to any one of EIGRP and/or IGRP agreement, the path metric energy in each path Function enough as the bandwidth of each interface and delay is calculated.It in general, can be by making the bandwidth in path and prolonging The path metric that path is determined multiplied by the load in the path is added and (32 bit metrics of approximate generation can be scaled) late. It in certain embodiments, can be 110 placement algorithm of router, which can be used to determine that the path between cellular interface Whether the variance of measurement changes, because can be in each interval calculation variance.If the variance of path metric changes, new side Difference can be used for the routing table for updating the router 110 for multiple cellular pathway.It in various embodiments, can be with similar It is updated in the mode of aforesaid way to provide variance, wherein the variance can be applied to the measurement of the minimal path in routing table Value, to provide minimal path measurement value between cellular interface.Table 1 as follows, which is shown, can be used in determining router The exemplary algorithm that variance between 110 multiple cellular interfaces changes.

Table 1

It is noted that 10 seconds sleep intervals shown in table 1 are only illustrative purpose and are provided, and it is not intended to limit The broad range of the introduction of the disclosure processed.It should be appreciated that the interval can be based on deployment, environmental condition, operating condition, a combination thereof Etc. and change.In some embodiments, variance calculating can be in response to having received the bandwidth of one or more cellular interfaces It is adjusted and is triggered.

Therefore, in various embodiments, router 110, which is capable of providing, dynamically changes variance for specific destination, This meeting is so that route is included in early routing table, and router 110 is able to carry out asymmetrical load balance.In one or more In embodiment, solution described in the disclosure can provide one or more advantages, including but not limited to: be based on router Goodput/bandwidth of cellular interface different routing metrics are provided, so that router be allowed to realize between cellular interface Better load balance and reduction pass through the packetization delay and/or shake of network.

Fig. 6 is gone to, Fig. 6 is may to implement to be illustrated according to one of router 110 and provide the dynamic of cellular interface The simplified flowchart of the associated exemplary operations 600 of load balance.In various embodiments, processor 114, host are able to use Router logic 118, load balance logic 510, processor 162, I/O interface logic 166, a combination thereof etc. execute operation 600, this depends on the number of the honeycomb I/O interface configured for router 110 (for example, each I/O interface can include own Processor, logic etc.).

602, operation can include based on the path amount for each determination in multiple cellular interfaces of router 110 Degree calculates the variance of the update of path metric.In various embodiments, for the path of each determination in multiple cellular interfaces Measurement can be based at least partially on adjusted bandwidth and associated with each interface.604, operation can include will more New variance is compared with the previous variance (for example, the variance for being previously calculated the update obtained) stored for cellular interface.? 606, operation can include determining the variance updated and whether there is difference between the previous variance of cellular interface storage.If It has differences, then can include updating the routing table of cellular interface using the variance of update in 608 operations.In each embodiment In, updating can include that the variance of update is applied to minimal path associated with cellular-specific interface included in routing table Diameter measurement value.610, the variance of update is stored (for example, relatively using for subsequent).612, behaviour, which does, can be included in return Before the variance for determining another update to 602, that waits predetermined time interval expires or receives the adjusted of cellular-specific interface Bandwidth instruction.

If determining that the variance updated is equal to previous variance in 606 operations, operation proceeds to 612 to wait the predetermined time Interval the instruction for expiring or receiving adjusted bandwidth, once in this way, if operation return to 602.

Fig. 7 A-7B is gone to, Fig. 7 A-7B is shown with the cellular modem of router (for example, the first I/O interface 124.1 cellular modem 150) a possible associated additional detail of embodiment simplified block diagram.In Fig. 7 A Shown, cellular modem 150 can include transmitter 152 and receiver 154.In certain embodiments, transmitter 152 can To receive via host router interconnection 112 and will be sent to the uplink traffic (for example, IP is grouped) of eNodeB 132, connect Downlink traffic can be received from eNodeB 132 and can route traffic to host router interconnection 112 by receiving device 154, Only another interface processing etc. is further routed to via router.Each of transmitter 152 and receiver 154 can include association Stack is discussed, which includes each layer and enable to IP grouping that can be sent or be connect via cellular modem 150 It receives.In order to discuss certain features, Fig. 7 A illustrates only layer associated with transmitter 152, these layers can be directed to router 110 It is configured to provide the reduced delay of uplink packet during 150 congestion of cellular modem.

Therefore, as shown in Figure 7A, transmitter 152 can include Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer 710, radio chains Road controls (RLC) floor 712, medium access control (MAC) floor 714 and physics (PHY) floor 716.Every layer can be to will be sent IP grouping is operated.Generally for IP grouping transmission for, PDCP layer 710 be capable of providing IP it is packed compressed/decompression, use The transmission etc. of user data；Rlc layer 712 is capable of providing error correction, transmission, the segmentation of Packet Data Unit (PDU) etc.；MAC layer 714 are capable of providing packet scheduling；And PHY layer 716 is capable of providing wireless interface to transfer the packet to eNodeB 132.

MAC layer 714 can additionally include MAC control logic 720 and buffer 722, can provide will it is scheduled with The buffering packets transmitted via PHY layer 716.Fig. 7 B shows example details associated with buffer 722.Such as institute in Fig. 7 B Show, buffer 722 is capable of providing the buffering to the uplink traffic (for example, IP grouping 730) for being scheduled for transmission.It can Dynamically low water mark (LW) threshold value 740 and high-water mark (HW) threshold value 750 are set for buffer 722.In each implementation In example, low water mark (LW) threshold value 740 and high-water mark (HW) threshold value 750 can be corresponding to determining for buffer 722 Byte level memory location (for example, physics or virtual memory address) is associated, low water mark (LW) threshold value 740 and Gao Shui Bit flag (HW) threshold value 750 can be used to indicate that the amount of uplink traffic included in buffer.In each embodiment In, based on the uplink bandwidth for by one or more Bandwidth adjustments being the setting of cellular interface 124.1, low water mark (LW) Threshold value 740 and high-water mark (HW) threshold value 750 can be respectively dynamically adjusted.

It can understand that the honeycomb generally provided in commercial architecture connects before operating aspect the additional of Fig. 7 A-7B is described in detail Mouthful MAC buffer denominator it is important.It only instructs purpose and following basis is provided cordially, therefore it should not be with Any mode is counted as limiting the wide in range introduction of the disclosure.In general, cellular modem is only to consider single use The smart-phone market design at family.However, ought be on the router in use, having to the flow for flowing through cellular modem It is better control be important.When data grouping is sent to cellular modem, modem will be in MAC layer These groupings of buffering in ring (for example, buffer) are sent, and send scheduling request to eNodeB via PHY layer, so as to upper Grouping is dispatched on line link radio bearer.

Currently, carry out the accumulation (buildup) in internal buffer in the mac layer there is no Backpressure in 3GPP standard Increase and is throttled (throttle) to user interface in the case where there is delay in scheduling uplink flow.Because Enemy (" the head-of-line ") obstruction of lower priority packets (hinders for example, lower priority packets are stuck in buffer The grouping for having filled in higher priority is transmitted), so the increase of buffer accumulation, which can result in, to be transmitted by cellular interface High-priority traffic delay.When air link characteristic can fluctuate at any time, which can be more complicated.

According to each embodiment described herein, router 110 be configured to supply reduce cellular modem (for example, The cellular modem 150 of first honeycomb I/O interface 124.1) in grouping during congestion delay system and method. In at least one embodiment, method described herein can be executed by one or more hardware processors of router 110.One As for, system and method provided by router 110 can permit the internal buffer in the MAC layer of UE (for example, honeycomb I/ Buffer 722 in the MAC layer 714 of O Interface 124.1) in the size of accumulation be dynamically varied based on interface bandwidth, to subtract The delay of the small high-priority traffic by cellular interface.

It in various embodiments, can be by adjusting 750 dynamic of low water mark threshold value 740 and high-water mark threshold value Adjust the size that the buffer 722 in MAC layer 714 is accumulated.In certain embodiments, high-water mark threshold value 750 can by with In the maximum number for the grouping that instruction can be lined up in buffer 722.In certain embodiments, low water mark threshold value 740 It can be used to that (for example, router 110, including processor/logic included in it, cellular interface are to host router It is configured for router 110) instruction can joins the team now to the grouping of internal buffer.In certain embodiments, high/ Low water mark threshold value can be used to the hysteresis (hysteresis) of solution release system.

In various embodiments, MAC control logic 720 can be monitored has with the accumulation of the IP grouping 730 in buffer 722 The water-line target threshold value of pass, and can to host router (for example, router 110, including processor included in it/ Logic, cellular interface are configured for router 110) offer congestion feedback.In operation, for example, when reaching When the high-water mark threshold value 750 of buffer 722 (for example, because the grouping just joined the team in the mac layer in the uplink not by Call), MAC control logic 720, which is able to use, eliminates congestion interruption to interrupt host router, and with instruction, there are congestions.Then, Host router logic 118 can stop grouping of joining the team into cellular interface 124.1, until reaching low water mark threshold value (example Such as, the grouping in buffer is sent and buffer has been flushed into low water mark threshold value).Reach low water level After index threshold 740, MAC control logic 720 can interrupt herein host router using congestion interruption is eliminated, and send out Uplink traffic stream toward honeycomb I/O interface 124.1 can restore.In various embodiments, eliminating congestion interruption can be Instruction has reached control word, bit, byte of high-water mark threshold value or low water mark threshold value etc..

In various embodiments, the level of low water mark (LW) threshold value 740 and high-water mark (HW) threshold value 750 can Uplink bandwidth based on honeycomb I/O interface 124.1 and dynamic change.For example, can make when uplink bandwidth is high High/low water-line target threshold value is higher.On the contrary, high/low water-line target threshold value can be made lower when uplink BW is low.When When Low Latency Queueing (LLQ) is configured on the cellular interface of router, such adjustment will help ensure that substantially uniform property With the low latency to high-priority traffic.

In various embodiments, counter can be used to refer to how much reach high-water mark/low water mark threshold value It is secondary.In current deployment, if cellular interface cannot handle grouping (for example, due to resource exhaustion), interface will be lost dumbly Grouping is abandoned without making any instruction to host.However, system and method provided by router 110, which can aid in, to be ensured Packet loss does not occur in UE, person can enable the host to provide and preferably count to grouping.

In certain embodiments, algorithm can be used for calculating low water mark threshold value 740 and high-water mark threshold value 750.In at least one embodiment, high-water mark threshold value (measuring by byte) (can be pressed as uplink bandwidth (BW) Byte (Bps) per second) metering and grouping of joining the team ideal delay product and be calculated, as shown in the following equation 2.

High-water mark threshold value (is measured)=uplink _ BW by byte and (measures) * by byte

Ideal _ delay equation 2

For example, if uplink bandwidth is equal to 1 MBps and ideal delay is 1 millisecond (msec), high-water mark Threshold value=1*10^6*1*10^-3=1000 byte.In certain embodiments, low water mark threshold value can be based on gathering around in elimination It fills in the delay of system when interrupting (for example, stopping grouping of joining the team in honeycomb I/O interface 124.1) and is calculated.Therefore, it is based on The variation of the uplink bandwidth of honeycomb I/O interface 124.1, water-line target threshold value can change to provide the uplink of variation The uniform delay of bandwidth.

In certain embodiments, when Low Latency Queueing (LLQ) is configured for the cellular interface of router, router System and method provided by 110, which can aid in, ensures low latency relatively uniform and to high-priority traffic.Similar to low The feature of delay queue (LLQ) often relies on the very delicate control to the size of internal buffer and passes through routing to reduce The delay of the grouping of device.Therefore, system and method provided by router 110 can facilitate cellular interface internal mac buffer Closer with various router operations integrates, to facilitate better user experience during congestion.

Fig. 8 is gone to, Fig. 8 is may to implement to be illustrated according to one of router 110 and reduce cellular modem The simplified flowchart of the associated exemplary operations 800 of packetization delay during middle congestion.In various embodiments, it is able to use place Manage device 114, host router logic 118, processor 162, I/O interface logic 166, MAC control logic 720, a combination thereof etc. Operation 800 is executed, this depends on the number of the honeycomb I/O interface configured for router 110 (for example, each I/O interface can Processor, logic including own etc.).

802, operation can include the cellular modem of monitoring cellular interface (for example, the first I/O interface 124.1) The water-line target threshold value of the MAC buffer (for example, buffer 722) of (for example, cellular modem 150).In each implementation In example, water-line target threshold value can include high-water mark threshold value/low water mark threshold value for the setting of MAC buffer.Each In a embodiment, high-water mark threshold value and/or low water mark threshold value can based on byte number associated with buffer come Setting.

804, operation can include claiming interruption when reaching the specific water-line target threshold value of MAC buffer.806, Operation can include being joined the team based on interruption adjustment uplink packet into MAC buffer.Operation may return to 802 to continue Monitor water-line target threshold value.In various embodiments, interruption can be generated when reaching high-water mark threshold value, which can be with Instruction is provided to stop just being sent to the uplink packet stream of cellular interface.In various embodiments, when reaching low water mark Interruption can be generated when threshold value, after the previous instruction for the traffic flow for stopping just being sent to cellular interface, which can be provided It indicates to restore just to be sent to the uplink packet stream of cellular interface.

Therefore, as shown in Figure 1A -1B, 5 and 7A -7B, in order to promote the dynamic band listed herein to cellular interface Width adjustment and other one or more activities associated with cellular interface, in router 110 and/or I/O interface 124.1- Software and/or hardware appropriate has been arranged in 124.N.It is noted that in certain embodiments, certain storage devices can be by Merging (vice versa) or storage device with memory component can be overlapped in any other suitable manner/exist.

In a sample implementation, router 110 is network element, is intended to cover network man listed herein Electricity, server, interchanger, gateway, bridge, load balancer, firewall, processor, module, or it is operable to exchange information Any other suitable equipment, component, element or object, wherein the information promote or otherwise help coordinate and/or The dynamic bandwidth for managing cellular interface (for example, those networks shown in such as Figure 1A and 5) adjusts and/or other are associated Activity.In other embodiments, these operations and/or feature can be provided in the outside of these elements, or are included in In some other network equipments, to realize the expectation function.Alternatively, one or more of these elements can include soft Part (or reciprocal software), these softwares can cooperate to realize operation and/or feature listed herein.In other embodiments In, one or more of these equipment may include any suitable algorithm, hardware, software, component, module, interface or promote Into the object of its operation.This can include the algorithm appropriate effectively exchanged and communication protocol of permission data or information It is interior.

About internal structure associated with communication system 100, router 110 can include memory component (for example, depositing Memory element 116) and/or each of 124.1-124.N of I/O interface can include memory component (for example, the first I/O connects The memory component 164 of mouth 124.1), memory component is used to store will be for realizing dynamic bandwidth adjustment listed herein And/or other cellular interfaces operation (for example, adaptability QoS, load balance, congestion delay reduction etc.).In addition, router 110 It can include that each of hardware processor (for example, processor 114) and/or 124.1-124.N of I/O interface can be including hard Part processor (for example, processor 162 of the first I/O interface 124.1), hardware processor be able to carry out software, instruction, algorithm, A combination thereof etc., to execute the adjustment of dynamic bandwidth discussed in this specification and/or the activity of other cellular interfaces.These equipment Can also by information preservation in any suitable memory component (for example, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory EPROM (EPROM), specific integrated circuit (ASIC) etc.), software, in hardware, Huo Zhe In situation appropriate and based on particular demands in any other suitable component, equipment, component or object.It is begged for herein Any memory item of opinion, which should be seen, to be construed to be covered by broad term " memory component ".It is tracked or is sent to routing The information of any one of 124.1-124.N of device 110 and/or I/O interface can be in database, register, control list, slow Storage or storage organization (all these to be cited in any suitable time frame) are (for example, router 110 is deposited Memory element 116 and/or host router storage device 120, the memory component 164 and/or I/O of the first I/O interface 124.1 Interface storage apparatus 168 etc.) in be provided.Any such storage device option can be included in used herein wide in range In term " memory component ".Similarly any possible processing element, module, hardware and machine described herein should be explained To be covered by broad term " processor ".Each of network element and user equipment can also include in network environment The middle suitable interface for receiving, sending, and/or otherwise transmit data or information.

It is noted that in certain example implementations, dynamic bandwidth adjustment listed herein and/or other honeycombs Interface operation can be by encoding the logic in one or more tangible mediums (for example, the host router logic of router 110 118 and/or load balance logic 510, the I/O interface logic 166 and/or MAC control logic 720 of the first I/O interface 124.1 Deng) Lai Shixian, one or more tangible mediums may include non-state medium (for example, in ASIC, in digital signal processor (DSP) instruction, software (may include object code and source code) and/or will be by processor, module or other similar machine The firmware etc. of execution).In some in these examples, memory component (for example, the memory component 116 of router 110, The memory component 164 etc. of first I/O interface 124.1) data for operation described herein can be stored.This includes that can deposit It stores up being performed to realize movable software described herein, firmware, logic, code or the memory component of processor instruction.Packet It includes the processor including hardware processor and is able to carry out any kind of instruction associated with data to realize herein specifically Bright operation.In one example, processor (for example, processor 114,162 shown in Figure 1A -1B and 5) can be by element Or object (for example, data) is transformed into another state or things from a kind of state or things.In another embodiment, it can be used Fixed logic or programmable logic (for example, the software/computer instruction executed by processor, firmware and/or controller) are Lai real Existing activity set forth herein, and element identified herein can be certain type of programmable storage, may be programmed number Word logic is (for example, field programmable gate array (FPGA), digital signal processor (DSP), EPROM, electrically erasable are only Read memory (EEPROM)), or including Digital Logic, software, code, e-command or its any suitable combined ASIC.

It is noted that in the present specification, refer to be included in " one embodiment ", " example embodiment ", " embodiment ", Various features in " another embodiment ", " some embodiments " etc. are (for example, element, structure, module, component, step, operation, spy Property etc.) it is intended to mean that any such feature is included in one or more other embodiments of the present disclosure, but can also be with It need not be combined in identical embodiment.It is also worth pointing out that module as used in this specification can include executable text Part (executable file includes the instruction that can be understood and handle on computers), and implementation procedure can also be included in Library module, obj ect file, system file, hardware logic, software logic or any other executable module of middle load.

It is also important to point out, referring to aforementioned figures describe operation and step illustrate only can by system or It is some in the possibility scene executed in system.In appropriate circumstances, some in these operations to be deleted or remove, or For person in the case where not departing from the range of discussed concept, these steps can considerably modifications or changes.In addition, these The timing of operation can be altered considerably, but still realize the result that the disclosure is instructed.For the mesh of example and discussion And provide it is aforementioned can operating process.Present system provides a large amount of flexibilities, because in the religion for not departing from discussed concept Any suitable arrangement, chronology, configuration and timing mechanism can be provided in the case where leading.

It is noted that can be from one for example provided above and other numerous examples provided in this article A, two, three or four network elements angle describes to interact.However, this be merely clear and exemplary purpose and into Capable.In some cases, by closely can more easily describe one in these functions with reference to the network element of finite data Item is multinomial.(and its introduction) is easy to extend it should be appreciated that communication system 100, and can accommodate a large amount of components and More complicated/fine arrangement and configuration.Therefore, provided example should not limit communication system 100 and work as and may be applied to Range when other countless frameworks inhibits its broad teachings.

Although the disclosure is described in detail referring to ad hoc arrangement and configuration, the scope of the present disclosure is not being departed from In the case of these example arrangements and arrange can significantly change.For example, although reference has been related to certain network exchanges or routing The specific communications exchange of agreement describes the disclosure, but communication system 100 can be adapted for other exchanges or Routing Protocol.And It, can be logical by realizing and although describing communication system 100 referring to the particular element and operation for promoting communication process Any suitable framework of the expectation function of letter system 100 or process substitute these elements and operation.

Those skilled in the art can determine that numerous other change, replacement, variation, change and modify, and the disclosure is intended to contain Cover all such changes, replacement, variation, change and the modification fallen within the scope of the appended claims.In order to assist the U.S. special Any reader for any patent issued in sharp trademark office (USPTO) and the application explains appended claims, applicant Want to point out applicant: (a) being not intended to any appended claims and quote the 6th (6) section of 35 U.S.C. chapters and sections 112, because it Submitting day existing in this application, unless word " device being used for ... " or " the step of being used for ... " are specifically used for specific weights During benefit requires；And it (b) is not intended to come in the present specification with any statement with anti-not otherwise in appended claims Any mode reflected limits the disclosure.

Claims (18)

1. a kind of method for communication, comprising:

Determine the variance of the path metric for multiple cellular interfaces；

Determine determined by variance and for the multiple cellular interface determine path metric previous variance between whether It has differences；And

If identified variance and for the multiple cellular interface determine path metric the previous variance between It has differences, then updates the routing table of the multiple cellular interface using identified variance, wherein update the routing table Particular path including the identified variance to be applied to cellular-specific interface is measured, and the particular path measurement is described The smallest path metric in the path metric of multiple cellular interfaces.

2. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein it is determined that the variance of path metric includes:

It determines between the minimal path measurement of the multiple cellular interface and the maximum path measurement of the multiple cellular interface Ratio.

3. according to the method described in claim 1, further include:

If the identified variance and for the multiple cellular interface determine path metric the previous variance it Between have differences, then at least one storage device of router store determined by variance.

4. according to the method described in claim 1, further include:

Asymmetrical load balance is provided according to the routing table for the multiple cellular interface.

5. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, the particular path measurement of cellular-specific interface is at least partially based on The bandwidth of the cellular-specific interface, and wherein, the bandwidth can be based at least partially on through the cellular-specific The handling capacity of interface is dynamically adjusted.

6. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, the variance of path metric is determined for the multiple cellular interface It is to be performed according to predetermined time interval.

7. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, the variance of path metric is determined for the multiple cellular interface It is in response in determining that the bandwidth of cellular-specific interface has been adjusted and is performed.

8. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, each cellular interface in the multiple cellular interface is for routing Device and provide, and wherein, at least one cellular interface in the multiple cellular interface is connectable to long term evolution LTE Radio access network.

9. a kind of non-transient tangible medium, to including encoding for the logic of the instruction of execution, described instruction is when by processor When execution, it can operate to execute following operation, comprising:

Determine the variance of the path metric for multiple cellular interfaces；

Determine determined by variance and for the multiple cellular interface determine path metric previous variance between whether It has differences；And

If identified variance and for the multiple cellular interface determine path metric the previous variance between deposit In difference, then the routing table of the multiple cellular interface is updated using identified variance, wherein update the routing table packet The particular path measurement that the identified variance is applied to cellular-specific interface is included, the particular path measurement is described more The smallest path metric in the path metric of a cellular interface.

10. medium according to claim 9, wherein the variance for determining path metric includes:

It determines between the minimal path measurement of the multiple cellular interface and the maximum path measurement of the multiple cellular interface Ratio.

11. medium according to claim 9, the operation further include:

If identified variance and for the multiple cellular interface determine path metric the previous variance between deposit In difference, then the identified variance is stored at least one storage device of router.

12. medium according to claim 9, the operation further include:

Asymmetrical load balance is provided according to the routing table for the multiple cellular interface.

13. medium according to claim 9, wherein determine the side of path metric for the multiple cellular interface Difference is in response in determining that the bandwidth of cellular-specific interface has been adjusted and is performed, and wherein, the bandwidth can be extremely It is at least partly based on and is dynamically adjusted by the handling capacity of the cellular-specific interface.

14. a kind of device for communication, comprising:

Memory component, for storing data；And

Processor executes instruction associated with the data, wherein the processor and the memory component cooperate So that described device is configured as executing following operation:

Determine the variance of the path metric for multiple cellular interfaces；

Determine determined by variance and for the multiple cellular interface determine path metric previous variance between whether It has differences；And

If identified variance and for the multiple cellular interface determine path metric the previous variance between deposit In difference, then the routing table of the multiple cellular interface is updated using identified variance, wherein update the routing table packet The particular path measurement that the identified variance is applied to cellular-specific interface is included, the particular path measurement is described more The smallest path metric in the path metric of a cellular interface.

15. device according to claim 14, wherein determine the variance of path metric further include:

It determines between the minimal path measurement of the multiple cellular interface and the maximum path measurement of the multiple cellular interface Ratio.

16. device according to claim 14, wherein the measurement of the particular path of cellular-specific interface is at least partly ground In the bandwidth of the cellular-specific interface, and wherein, the bandwidth can be based at least partially on through the specific bee The handling capacity of socket and spigot joint mouth is dynamically adjusted.

17. device according to claim 14, wherein determine the side of path metric for the multiple cellular interface Difference is in response in determining that the bandwidth of cellular-specific interface has been adjusted and is performed.

18. device according to claim 14, wherein described device is router, and wherein, and the multiple honeycomb connects At least one cellular interface in mouthful is connectable to long term evolution LTE radio access network.