CN1101131A - Full-reflection spotlight pump - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a set of combined mirror unit. The center of semi-spherical concave mirror and the focal points of parabolic lens and convex lens group and the center of small filament are placed in one point, and the semi-spherical concave mirror can change the divergence lights emitted forwards and backwards into the divergence lights only emitted forwards, and the parabolic lens and the convex lens group can almost completely change the divergence lights into the parallel light-beams.

Description

Full-reflection spotlight pump

The present invention relates to the optically focused utensil, it is the utensil that a class utilizes the total reflection interaction energy of glass can gather scattered light.

At present, known technology does not still utilize the method that the total reflection character of light can gather scattered light.Often can obtain some beat all good results and assemble astigmatism in this way.

The purpose of this invention is to provide that a class is utilized the total reflection character of light and the utensil (optical pumping) that can gather scattered light.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this: 1. approximate pointolite is placed the center of hemisphere concave mirror, utilize the reflex of hemisphere concave mirror pleasing both parties of scattering to be reflected into the one side light of scattering; 2. one side light its incident angle when entering glass that makes this scattering is zero (making glass drop to minimum to its reflex); 3. make the light that enters glass, its incident angle of reflex time takes place running into glass surface all greater than its critical angle (42 degree), so can produce total reflection; 4. make the glass outer surface that total reflection takes place be certain geometric configuration, light will be assembled along the direction that the people envisioned.

After adopting such scheme, just can utilize the total reflection character of light, the light that scattering light source sent is carried out necessary convergence, thereby make scattering light source can be human service better.For example: 1. the scattered light of the approximate pointolite of auto lamp is close to is transformed into directional light fully, can make auto lamp only do not shine according to oneself road head-on car or pedestrian's eyes; 2. can utilize fluorescent lamp to make (cold) light source shows a film; 3. can utilize a lot of bars (as more than or equal to 16) xenon lamp to make the optical pump source of ruby laser etc.

The invention will be further described with embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 is the vertical semi-section structural map of the light fixture of multistage parabolic total reflection lens.Fig. 2 is the vertical semi-section structural map of the simple and easy light fixture of the only parabolic total reflection lens of one-level.Fig. 3 is with the vertical semi-section structural map of the simple and easy light fixture of annular fluorescent lamp as light source.Fig. 4 is the vertical semi-section structural map of simple and easy light fixture of making light source with the incandescent filament of annular.Fig. 5 is the vertical semi-section structural map of simple and easy light fixture of making light source with the strip incandescent filament, and Fig. 6 is the B-B cut-open view of Fig. 5.Fig. 7 is the vertical semi-section structural map of simple and easy lamp applications in electric torch.Fig. 8, Fig. 9, Figure 10 are the various illustrations that the simple type light fixture is streamlined any further.Figure 11 is the only parabolic total reflection of one-level, the vertical semi-section structural map of biconvex lens light fixture.Figure 12 is the vertical structural map that partly cuts open of combination lamp that changes the tuftlet directional light with annular fluorescent lamp as light source into.Figure 13 is the vertical semi-section structural map of light fixture that annular fluorescent lamp light is converged to penlight.Figure 14 is the horizontal semi-section structural map of optical pumping of making the ruby laser of optical pump source with 16 xenon lamps.

1.2.3.4.5.6（a）.6（b）.6（c）.6（d）.6（e）.7.8.9.11.12.13.14.15.16.“H”18.19.21.24.25.26.“H”28.29.31.32.33.35.36.“H”38.39.41.42.43.45.46.“H”47.48.51.52.53.54.55.56.“H”57.58.59.66.“M”76.“M”86.91.92.93.94.95.96.“H”98.99.105.108.109.115.117.125.128.131.134.135.136.137.138.141.145.146.148.150.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, utilize the little filament (1) of small electric bulb to make approximate pointolite; Small electric bulb glass cell-shell (2) is made shape broad in the middle pointed at both ends, and two filament coil holders (3) are made with steel wire copper facing.Why do like this is in order to reduce the barrier effect of filament ejector to light as far as possible.It is spherical that the cavity of following microscope base (5) is semicircle, and the hollow hemisphere that inside surface is made silver mirror can be installed, and also the method for available plastic electroplating is directly made reflecting surface on its semi-round ball cavity.Two filament lead wires (4) can be received binding post get on (not drawing among the figure).The inside surface of last microscope base (7) is parabolic shape, is used for installing mirror lens [6(a)], and end is circular conical surface before the inside surface of mirror lens [6(a)], can and the outside surface of mirror lens [6(b)] before end match; In like manner mirror lens [6(c)] is loaded in the mirror lens [6(b)], and mirror lens [6(d)] is loaded in the mirror lens [6(c)], and convex lens [6(e)] then are installed on the cavity of mirror lens [6(d)].The preceding transverse plane of mirror lens [6(a)] is the xsect by parabolic focus, and the nose circle conical surface of mirror lens [6(b)] is by the line of the paraboloidal rear end of mirror lens [6(a)] and its focus and form; In like manner other [6(c), 6(d)] nose circle conical surface is by the line of the paraboloidal rear end of previous stage mirror lens [6(b), 6(c)] and its focus and form after mirror lens; The outer ring circular conical surface of convex lens [6(e)] then is the line of the paraboloidal rear end of mirror lens [6(d)] and its focus and forming; The radius of the parabolic rear end of mirror lens [6(b)] equals the radius of the parabolic front end of (or being a bit larger tham) mirror lens [6(a)], and in like manner the radius of the parabolic rear end of other back level mirror lens [6(c), 6(d)] equals the radius of the parabolic front end of (or being a bit larger tham) previous stage mirror lens [6(b), 6(c)]; The outgoing of inciding directional light from scattered light all can one-level connect the linking continuously of one-level ground like this.The focus of the center of hemisphere concave mirror and mirror lens at different levels and convex lens coincides with a bit, this point is referred to as the focus of this combined lens tool, the approximate pointolite of little filament (1) is placed on the focus of combined lens tool, because of the reflecting surface of hemisphere concave mirror everywhere perpendicular to the scattered beam of pointolite, so reflected light all gathers back the initial point of pointolite after reflection, the light of scattering backward all is reflected into the light of forescatering, so the power of the light of forescatering has increased nearly one times during just than no reflection events.This scattered light that has strengthened is in the shared angle of mirror lens at different levels, and by the paraboloidal total reflection of mirror lens at different levels, the result all can be reflected into parallel beam.In order to make the scatter incident light that enters each mirror lens vertical, so the front end face of each mirror lens is made concentric circle arc plane with the front end face of each mirror lens; In order to make the parallel beam that penetrates from each mirror lens vertical, also in order to alleviate the glass weight of each mirror lens, so make the rear end face of each mirror lens stepped with the rear end face of each mirror lens.Because convex lens 6(e) diameter is less, and its scattered light of directive can be thought paraxial, penetrates so also become parallel beam after its refraction.Certainly, convex lens [6(e)] also can be successfully on flat glass (9).Following microscope base (5) can be made into disjunctor with tool on show (7), but also split.Jing Gai (8) adopts with last microscope base (7) and is threaded.Be on the Jing Gai (8) at the seam snapping at Jing Gai (8) and flat glass (9) and scrape out the internal tooth colyliform, to reduce its stopping the parallel beam that penetrates.The characteristics of embodiment shown in Figure 1 are can the scattered light of pointolite be close to and change parallel beam fully into.When being used for making automobile lamp, the parallel beam that can manage to allow each mirror lens penetrate is little divergent shape (regulating focus) by actual needs; Can reduce the focal power of the following convex lens of central axis on a certain direction, to increase the divergence of a certain direction (as the preceding road surface of nearly car) light beam by actual needs.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 2, wherein only the mirror lens among " H " shape lens (16) and Fig. 1 [6(a), 6(b), 6(c), 6(d)] different, other each part (11,12,13,14,15,18,19) is all identical with Fig. 1 each corresponding part of institute (1,2,3,4,5,8,9)." H " shape lens (16) are made up of parabolic total reflection lens and convex lens disjunctor, and the outer ring of convex lens is on the line of parabolic rear end and its focus, and the center of the focus of mirror lens, the focus of convex lens and little filament (11) is altogether in a bit.The scattered light of little filament (11) is through the hemisphere concave mirror, and being reflected into luminous power has increased nearly one times single face scattered light; In entering paraboloidal angle, become parallel beam, in entering the angle of convex lens, partly reflected into parallel beam by total reflection.Owing to enter its angle of scattered light very big (generally between the 90-130 degree) at convex lens edge, can not regard paraxial rays as, so: 1. understanding some from the light that the convex lens ejaculation is gone is non-directional light; 2. because convex lens surface is very strong to the reflection of light effect, so there is the more light that is reflected away by convex lens surface also will become non-parallel light.As seen the light that penetrates from this combined lens tool except principal ingredient is parallel beam, also has the non-parallel light of certain component.The situation of others with shown in Figure 1 mutually roughly the same.

Embodiment shown in Figure 11 is the improvement to the not good enough part of embodiment shown in Figure 2.Many parts among Figure 11 (91,92,93,94,95,98) are identical with each corresponding part (11,12,13,14,15,18) among Fig. 2.In Figure 11, " H " shape lens (16) are being identical aspect the parabolic total reflection lens among " H " shape lens (96) and Fig. 2; Then different aspect convex lens: the convex lens in " H " shape lens (96) have one side to be concentric cambered surface with total reflection lens, make the scattered beam that enters lens all perpendicular to its end face that enters, and drop to upstream end minimum in the face of the reflection of light influence; The focal power of the convex lens in " H " shape lens (96) is reduced, and go up system one disjunctor convex lens at flat glass (99), two convex lens are formed convex lens group, the center concurrent of the focus of convex lens group and parabolic focus and little filament (91).So both eliminated (or reduce) convex lens surface reflection of incident light is influenced, make the convex lens attenuation again, make the component of non-parallel beam in the parallel beam of outgoing reduce (or alleviating).The situation of others and Fig. 1, embodiment shown in Figure 2 are mutually roughly the same.

Fig. 3 is the embodiment with annular fluorescent lamp as light source.Here fluorescent lamp (21) just is equivalent to the little filament (1) among Fig. 1, but, be the rotary body of axle so fluorescent lamp (21), microscope base (25), " H " shape lens (26), Jing Gai (28), flat glass (29) all are circle ring center's axles with fluorescent lamp (21) because fluorescent lamp (21) is annular.Convex lens in its combined lens tool can certainly be made convex lens group as shown in Figure 11.For light source is on the focus ring of mirror tool, the annular fluorescent lamp can utilize several rigidity double team hoops to make it to be fixed in its cavity.And fluorescent lamp holder (24) is in order to connect power supply.Other situation and above-mentioned numerical example mutually roughly the same.

Make the embodiment of light source with annular incandescent filament (31), as shown in Figure 4.Use annular fluorescent lamp as light source mutually roughly the same with shown in Figure 3, here its filament (31), glass cell-shell (32), microscope base (35), " H " shape lens (36), Jing Gai (38), flat glass (39) also all are that the circle ring center's axle with filament (31) is the rotary body of axle, and the convex lens at its combined lens tool center can certainly be made convex lens group as shown in Figure 11.With comparing among Fig. 3, just the diameter of the residing focus ring of light source is less here.In other situation and the above-mentioned numerical example mutually roughly the same.

Make embodiment such as Fig. 5, shown in Figure 6 of light source with strip incandescent filament (41).Here, filament (41), glass cell-shell (42), microscope base (45), " H " shape lens (46) and Jing Gai (38) all are to be the symmetric body of the plane of symmetry with the axial plane by the longitudinal and transverse central shaft of filament (41).Convex lens in its combined lens tool can certainly be made convex lens group as shown in Figure 11; Total reflection lens in its combined lens tool can certainly be made total reflection lens group as shown in fig. 1.As take the least important seat at a square table with filament (41) (being level) is example, and then the light beam that penetrates from this combined lens tool is a directional light in vertical direction, and light beam then has certain angle of divergence in the horizontal direction.Automobile lamp is just needing this only at the horizontal divergence characterization within control probably.Logical in this embodiment screw (47) is only for the usefulness that light fixture is installed, other situation and above-mentioned each example mutually roughly the same.

The embodiment that combined lens tool shown in Figure 2 is applied to electric torch (torch lamp) as shown in Figure 7.Wherein filament (51), glass cell-shell (52) filament coil holder (53), microscope base (55), " H " shape lens (56) and Jing Gai (58), flat glass (59) are identical with each corresponding part among Fig. 2 respectively or mutually roughly the same.As require the optically focused performance good especially, can be made into as Figure 11 or combined lens tool (for example the rural area is according to the mountain frog and the anti-ruffian of patrol etc.) shown in Figure 1.There has been this kind combined lens tool to make the torch head, just must as for the torch housing.Under the situation of not wanting the torch housing, assign on the shell of dry cell (50) for the ease of microscope base (55), have 4 grooves in the back tail chamber of microscope base (55), make it to be the four paws shape; Available battery adapter sleeve (57) connects between the dry cell (50); And at the tail end cover of electric battery with battery tail cover (54).Utilize little spring, little copper sheet, little copper wire to come turning circuit and the simple and easy switch of double as.So all comparable existing greatly superior step of the usability of electric torch (torch lamp) and cost of use.

Fig. 8, Fig. 9, Figure 10 are the embodiment that various simple type lens are used on electric torch.Because of electric torch except that needing parallel beam, the scattered light of the big component of still needing sometimes just can carry out suitable simplification to " H " shape lens in this way like this." M " shape lens (56) also have a bit of parabola except that convex lens in Fig. 8, and it is a part of parabolic to be equivalent to " H " shape lens (56) among Fig. 7 are pruned." M " shape lens (76) have only convex lens and do not have parabola in Fig. 9, so scattered light is more.Crescent lens (86) cover whole single face scattered light in Figure 10, thereby what penetrate is the divergent beams of having assembled.Various Jing Gai all can scrape out the internal tooth colyliform, to reduce its barrier effect to emergent light.

Figure 12 is the embodiment that Fig. 3, Fig. 1, each combined lens tool shown in Figure 7 are combined and use, and the method for other various combinations can also be arranged certainly.In Figure 12, following microscope base (105) is identical with microscope base (25) among Fig. 3, and the mirror tool in it constructs that both are also identical; In microscope base (115) and last microscope base (7) identical [having prescinded time microscope base (5)] among Fig. 1, its interior mirror tool constructs that both are also identical; Microscope base (55) among last microscope base (125) and Fig. 7 or the microscope base (15) among Fig. 2 mutually roughly the same, the mirror tool structure in it, they are also identical; As loading onto combined lens tool as shown in figure 11, then effect can be better in the last microscope base (125).Dress is the annular fluorescent lamp in the combination microscope base of following microscope base (105), the convergence of the combined lens tool of anti-dress in the microscope base (115) in its emergent ray warp, convergence of rays is in (or near) on the public focus of each mirror lens and convex lens, combined lens tool in last microscope base (125) again, light has been transformed into the directional light than tuftlet.And the size of parallel beam (diameter) only depends on the size of combined lens tool (diameter) in the microscope base (125).This embodiment designs for (cold) light source of showing a film with fluorescent lamp, and the too uneven words of optical density (illumination) should be analyzed reason when reality is used if on the screen, find the way that overcomes, solves; , in using the scope that allows, then show a film and to become a reality as the close irregularity of light with fluorescent lamp.The certainly all right infra-red detection of this embodiment, its range of application is gone to open up in ultraviolet sterilization or the like aspect.Among Figure 12, microscope base adapter sleeve (108) does down that (screw thread) between the microscope base (105) and middle microscope base (115) is connected usefulness; Be connected usefulness during logical screw (117) is done between microscope base (115) and the last microscope base (125); Jing Gai (128) makes fastening flat glass usefulness topmost; Flat glass (109) is contained in down between microscope base (105) and middle microscope base (115) the combined lens tool separately in order to press solidly their inner bodies separately.If only the big opening end of the combined lens tool in the middle microscope base (115) is aimed at the sun, then on the public focus of each mirror lens and convex lens, just can get the real image of a sun at the osculum end, can think secondary souce, desirable pointolite.

Figure 13 is the embodiment that fluorescent lamp light is converged to little scattered beam, and condenser (tool) cooperates usefulness such as also can show a film.What install in combined lens tool shown in Figure 13 is annular fluorescent lamp (131), the hemisphere concave mirror is arranged at the bottom at fluorescent lamp (131), can make upper and lower surface light become one side light upwards, annular fluorescent lamp (131) directly is inlaid in the annular semicircle groove of awl glass body (136) lower end, fluorescent lamp light all penetrates from roundlet plane, the top at last through the total reflection (all light all can be spent greater than critical angle 42) of awl glass body (136) parabola and circular conical surface.Whether the appearance as for awl glass body (136) needs silver-platedly, is then decided by actual conditions.Logical screw (138) can couple together following microscope base (135) with last microscope base (137), thereby fixes the awl glass body (136) in it.

Fluorescent lamp lamp holder (134) is used for connecing power supply.

Figure 14 is with the embodiment of many xenon lamps as the optical pump source of ruby laser.In Figure 14,16 awl glass bodies (146) have been installed around ruby rod (150), each awl glass body (146) all can almost be assembled the light that dress xenon lamp (141) is within it sent fully and be mapped on the ruby rod (150).Stub end at awl glass body (146) is shaped on semi-circular recesses, is used for installing strip xenon lamp fluorescent tube (141), is shaped on the hemisphere concave mirror in the back of xenon lamp fluorescent tube (141).Xenon lamp light again through the total reflection of the parabola and the conical surface, is all assembled directive ruby rod (150) through the concave mirror reflection at last.

Each logical screw (148) is used for connecting each microscope base (145), thereby fixes fluorescent tube and mirror tool in it.In the optical pumping of laser instrument, make spotlight pump with elliptical reflector, generally multipotency is used 4 elliptical reflectors, and 75% when this moment, reflective (optically focused) efficient was reduced to 1, and along with the increase of reflective mirror number, efficient is understood corresponding decline.Combined lens tool with present embodiment is made spotlight pump: 1. the number of spotlight pump (number that connects optical pump source) almost can increase arbitrarily; 2. light gathering efficiency does not descend because of the increase of number.Thereby the optical pumping of laser instrument can almost can be improved arbitrarily.

Claims (9)

1, a cover combined lens tool is made up of glass lens and concave spherical mirror, it is characterized in that:

A. half ball impression face catoptron, its center of circle and each glass lens focus and pointolite center all coincide with a bit;

B. glass lens is made up of with convex lens (or group) or by parabolic total reflection lens and conical surface total reflection lens parabolic total reflection lens (or group).

2, mirror tool according to claim 1 is characterized in that:

A. parabolic lens is made up of one or one group of lens, and its front/rear end is given the light of guaranteeing incident and outgoing, and is continuous in succession at the angle uplink, can make the light of incident and outgoing vertical with the front/rear end of parabolic lens;

B. convex lens are made up of one or two lens, can make the incidence surface of the light of incident perpendicular to convex lens when forming the convex lens group.

3, mirror tool according to claim 1 is characterized in that:

A. glass lens is formed the combined lens tool by parabolic total reflection lens (or group) and convex lens (or group), can be transformed into parallel beam (or reverse usefulness) to diverging light;

B. glass lens is made up of parabolic total reflection lens and conical surface total reflection lens, can be converged to little (dispersing) light beam to diverging light.

4, mirror tool according to claim 3 is characterized in that:

A. a plurality of as claim 3(a) described mirror tool is used, and can be transformed into parallel beam to the light of annular light pipe;

B. a plurality of as claim 3(b) described mirror tool is used, and can assemble the directive central shaft to the light of many light pipes.

5, according to claim 3(a) and 4(a) described mirror tool, its light source feature is:

A. various approximate pointolites such as bulb;

B. various annular light sources such as fluorescent lamp, UV-lamp, infrared lamp, incandescent lamp;

C. various strip light sources such as incandescent lamp;

6, according to claim 3 and 4(b) described mirror tool, its light source feature is:

A. various annular light sources such as fluorescent lamp, UV-lamp, infrared lamp, incandescent lamp, xenon lamp;

B. various strip light sources such as UV-lamp, infrared lamp, xenon lamp.

7, according to claim 3(a) described mirror tool, it is characterized in that the sun is transformed into secondary souce:

A. ideal point light source;

B. strip light source;

C. annular light source.

8, according to claim 3(a) described mirror tool, it is characterized in that glass lens is made various simple form.

9, incandescent light source according to claim 5 is characterized in that:

A. little electric light glass cell-shell is broad in the middle and the little fruit stone shape in two (or all around);

B. the filament coil holder is made with steel wire copper facing (or silver).

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