CN110112224A

CN110112224A - Light redirecting films and photovoltaic module

Info

Publication number: CN110112224A
Application number: CN201810091702.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 马克·布里安·奥尼尔; 提摩西·内尔·纳鲁姆; 褚轶雯
Original assignee: 3M Innovative Properties Co
Current assignee: 3M Innovative Properties Co
Priority date: 2018-01-30
Filing date: 2018-01-30
Publication date: 2019-08-09

Abstract

The present invention relates to flexible sun light redirecting films, photovoltaic module.Flexible sun light redirecting films include the multiple micro-structures leaving the plane of film and extending.It is provided with the second layer in the micro-structure of first layer, which is consistent with the microstructure aspects of first layer.The second layer is configured to the sun light-redirecting made Ru She on the second layer.Side is provided with the third layer comprising heat-activatable adhesive on the second layer.

Description

Light redirecting films and photovoltaic module

Background technique

With advances in technology with the growth of population in the world, the demand to renewable energy increases substantially.It is promising now The energy first is that sunlight.Can by using the photovoltaic conversion for sunlight to electric current photovoltaic (PV) battery (also referred to as For solar battery) utilization of Lai Shixian sunlight.The size of PV battery is relatively small, and is usually combined into than module The relatively bigger power output of each PV battery physical integration PV module (or solar energy module).PV module is usually by two It is a or more to be surrounded by sealant and formed by the PV battery " string " that front and rear panels are encapsulated, wherein at least one plate is to too Sunlight is transparent.This laminar structure provide mechanical support for PV battery and also protect PV battery from because such as wind, Damage caused by the environmental factor of snow and ice etc.PV module is usually fitted into metal framework, wherein sealant is covered by gold Belong to the edge of the module of frame engagement.The edge of metal framework protective module provides additional mechanical strength, and is convenient for it With other block combiners to form the bigger array or solar panels that can be installed to suitable supporting member.

Summary of the invention

Some embodiments are related to a kind of flexible sun light redirecting films.Film includes first layer, and first layer includes leaving film Plane extend multiple micro-structures.The second layer, the micro-structure of the second layer and first layer are provided in the micro-structure of first layer Shape is consistent.The second layer is configured to the sun light-redirecting made Ru She on the second layer.Third layer include heat-activatable adhesive simultaneously And setting is square on the second layer.

According to some embodiments, it is a kind of flexibility sun light redirecting films include first layer, first layer includes multiple structures, Multiple structures are left the plane of sun light redirecting films and are extended.Be provided with the second layer in the structure of first layer, the second layer with The planform of first layer is consistent.The second layer makes incident sun light-redirecting on the second layer.Side is provided on the second layer Third layer.Third layer includes the polymer being at least partly crosslinked.

In some embodiments, a kind of flexible sun light redirecting films include first layer, the second layer and third layer.First Layer includes multiple structures, and the multiple structure is left the plane of sun light redirecting films and extended.The second layer is arranged in first layer Structure on and be consistent with the planform of first layer.The second layer makes incident sun light-redirecting on the second layer.Third layer Comprising oxide, setting is square on the second layer, and is consistent with second layer shape.

Some embodiments are related to a kind of photovoltaic module.Photovoltaic module includes: front side layer layer, and front side layer layer is transparent to sunlight 's；Backboard；And multiple solar batteries, the multiple solar battery are arranged between front side layer layer and back plate.It is multiple too It is positive flexible sunlight redirecting films to be set between battery and backboard.Film includes: first layer, and first layer includes leaving putting down for film Multiple micro-structures that face extends；And the micro-structure in the micro-structure of first layer and with first layer is arranged in the second layer, the second layer Shape is consistent.The second layer is configured to the sun light-redirecting made Ru She on the second layer.Material including heat-activatable adhesive is straight Connect setting on the second layer.

According to some embodiments, a kind of photovoltaic module includes: front side layer layer, and front side layer layer is transparent to sunlight；Backboard； And multiple solar batteries, the multiple solar battery are arranged between front side layer layer and back plate.In multiple solar batteries Flexible sunlight redirecting films are set between backboard.Film includes first layer, the second layer and third layer.First layer includes leaving Multiple micro-structures that the plane of film extends.The microstructure aspects above the micro-structure of first layer and with first layer are arranged in the second layer It is consistent.The second layer is configured to the sun light-redirecting made Ru She on the second layer.Third layer includes heat-activatable adhesive and heat Activate adhesive setting side on the second layer.Module includes the sealant material being arranged between front side layer layer and backboard.Sealant Material is different from the heat-activatable adhesive of third layer.

According to some embodiments, a kind of photovoltaic module includes: front side layer layer, and front side layer layer is transparent to sunlight；Backboard； And multiple solar batteries, the multiple solar battery are arranged between front side layer layer and back plate.Module includes being arranged preceding Sealant material between side layer and backboard.Flexible sunlight is arranged between multiple solar batteries and backboard to redirect Film.Film includes first layer, the second layer and third layer.First layer includes the multiple micro-structures leaving the plane of film and extending.The second layer It is arranged in above the micro-structure of first layer and is consistent with the microstructure aspects of first layer.The second layer is configured to make to be incident on the second layer On sun light-redirecting.Third layer includes oxide and side on the second layer is arranged.

Some embodiments are related to a kind of method for manufacturing sun light redirecting films.This method includes being formed including multiple knots The first layer of structure.The second layer is coated in the structure of first layer.The second layer is set to be consistent with the planform of first layer, by the second layer It is configured to the sun light-redirecting made Ru She on the second layer.Third layer is arranged to be in contact with the second layer.Third layer includes Heat-activatable adhesive.

According to some embodiments, a kind of light redirecting films include substrate, and substrate includes multiple micro-structures.In micro-structure Side, which is provided with reflecting layer, and the reflecting layer is configured to makes sun light-redirecting.Matcoveredn is set above reflecting layer.Protection Layer is comprising heat-activatable adhesive and is configured to provide electrical isolation and durable protection.

According to the following description, these aspects of the application and other aspects will be apparent.However, in any situation Under, above-mentioned general introduction shall not be interpreted the limitation to theme claimed, which is only limited by appended claims It is fixed.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is the top view according to the simplification of the PV module of some embodiments；

Fig. 2A is the sectional view according to the PV module along welding interception of some embodiments；

Fig. 2 B is the PV mould along the photovoltaic non-active region interception between solar battery according to some embodiments The sectional view of block；

Fig. 3 A and Fig. 3 B be the lamination according to some embodiments before solar cell module sub-component it is some Partial sectional view；

Fig. 3 C and Fig. 3 D respectively illustrate can after the sub-component of Fig. 3 A and Fig. 3 B are laminated under heat and pressure shape At PV module part；

Fig. 3 E and Fig. 3 F respectively illustrate can after the sub-component of Fig. 3 A and Fig. 3 B are laminated under heat and pressure shape At PV module part；

Fig. 3 G to Fig. 3 I shows the part of the solar cell module according to some embodiments；

Fig. 4 A and 4B are the top views according to the light-redirecting membrane product of some embodiments；

Fig. 4 C to Fig. 4 E is the sectional view of light-redirecting membrane product according to various embodiments；

Fig. 4 F is the light redirecting films including one or more " wavy " catoptric arrangements according to some embodiments Top view；

Fig. 4 G is the sectional view according to the light redirecting films with the catoptric arrangement with circle peak of some embodiments；

Fig. 4 H is the light redirecting films according to the catoptric arrangement with the face with slight bending of some embodiments Sectional view；

Fig. 5 shows the measurement test device of the resistance for measuring light-redirecting membrane sample；

Fig. 6 A and Fig. 6 B depict two kinds of configurations of tested PV module；

Fig. 7 is the photo of three test sub-components before being laminated；

Fig. 8 is the photo of three test sub-components of Fig. 7 after lamination；

Fig. 9 is the photo for carrying out 4 battery testing modules of electroluminescent (EL) test；And

Figure 10 A to Figure 10 C is the EL image of three test modules.

Figure 11 be describe solar cell module a part and illustrate sunlight and solar cell module light it is anti- Penetrate the sectional view of the interaction of film；

Figure 12 is the conoscopic figure of the sun's way of 45 degree of positions of north latitude；

Figure 13 is the conoscopic figure for showing the efficiency of the example solar cell on the sun's way conoscopic figure for being superimposed upon Figure 12；

Figure 14 is the sectional view for showing the angle for the LRF structure for substantially forming triangle；

Figure 15 is shown for PV module in the case where being parallel to ground (0 ° of module tilt angle) and 45 ° of positions of north latitude It is superimposed upon the conoscopic figure of the LRF efficiency on sun's way conoscopic figure, indicates significant loss in efficiency；

Figure 16 A is the perspective view according to the LRF product with asymmetric reflection structure of some embodiments；

Figure 16 B is the sectional view of the LRF product of Figure 16 A；

Figure 17 is the sectional view according to the LRF product with asymmetric reflection structure of some embodiments；

Figure 18 A is to indicate be parallel to ground (0 ° of module tilt angle) and 45 ° of positions of north latitude for solar cell module In the case where be superimposed upon the exemplary conoscopic figure of asymmetric LRF (44.25 ° -120 ° -15.75 °) on sun's way；

Figure 18 B is to show be parallel to ground (0 ° of module tilt angle), 45 ° of north latitude, asymmetric LRF for PV module (39.86 ° -120 ° -20.14 °) and module are superimposed upon the LRF efficiency on sun's way in the case where being orientated towards southwestern 20 ° Conoscopic figure；

Figure 18 C is to show be parallel to ground (0 ° of module tilt angle), 45 ° of north latitude, asymmetric LRF for PV module (39.86 ° -120 ° -20.14 °) and module are towards 20 ° of southwest orientation --- wherein, the crestal line of LRF is relative to LRF longitudinal axis Form 20 ° of inclination angle --- in the case where be superimposed upon the conoscopic figure of LRF efficiency on sun's way；And Figure 19 A to Figure 19 C Show according to the solar energy module of some embodiments installation in rotation angle and inclination angle.

Attached drawing is not necessarily drawn to scale.The similar appended drawing reference used in the accompanying drawings indicates similar component.However, It should be understood that using appended drawing reference indicate the component in given attached drawing be not intended to limit in another attached drawing indicate it is identical attached The component of icon note.

Specific embodiment

Some embodiments disclosed herein are related to the light-redirecting membrane product (LRF) with multiple final usages. In some embodiments, the use for the LRF being integrated in PV module is related in terms of the disclosure.Many PV modules are set Meter, several regions of photovoltaic (PV) module are photovoltaic non-active regions, and in photovoltaic non-active region, incident light is not absorbed For photovoltaic conversion.Photovoltaic non-active region may include that the electrical connector of referred to as " welding (tabbing ribbons) " covers Cover the region between the region and PV battery of PV battery.Photovoltaic non-active region reduces the PV module that can be used for energy conversion Total surface area.

Light redirecting films (LRF) described herein can be positioned between the top of welding, PV battery, the periphery of PV module In region and/or in other positions.LRF will be incident on the light on photovoltaic non-active region towards the photovoltaic active region of module weight Orientation.The general power output of PV module can be increased in this way.

Fig. 1 is the top view according to the simplification of the PV module 100 of some embodiments.PV module 100 includes along length side The array of the PV battery 102 arranged to LD and width direction WD.Alongst LD and width direction WD be each other for PV battery 102 It is spaced apart.Welding 104 forms the electrical connection between PV battery and is aligned generally along length direction LD.In the week of module 100 It is that photovoltaic is inactive around side, between PV battery 102 and along the region 150 of welding 104.The band of LRF can be set It sets in these non-active regions 150, light is redirected towards photovoltaic activity PV battery 102.According to some embodiments, The leading role's degree institute of catoptric arrangement with regard to LRF relative to the longitudinal axis of LRF can be used in the different zones of solar energy module 100 The LRF of form for the angle of formation.

Fig. 2A and Fig. 2 B is the sectional view according to the part of PV module 200a, 200b of some embodiments.Fig. 2A's cuts Face is intercepted along welding 204a, 204b.The section of Fig. 2 B is intercepted along the region between PV battery 202a, 202b, 202c.Fig. 2A Multiple rectangle PV battery 202a, 202b, 202c are shown with Fig. 2 B.PV battery 202a, 202b, 202c are arranged in front side board 230 Between backboard 220.Sealant 240 fills the gap between front side board 230 and backboard 220.

The PV module of the disclosure is (for example, film photovoltaic cell, CuInSe₂Battery, a-Si battery, e-Si battery and has Machine photovoltaic device etc.) in any PV battery forms can be used.Metallization pattern most commonly by silk-screen printing silver inks and It is applied to PV battery 202a, 202b, 202c.This pattern is by fine parallel grid line --- and also referred to as thin grid line (does not show Out) --- array composition.Electric connector or welding 204a, 204b setting are on PV battery 202a, 202b, 202c and usual PV battery 202a, 202b, 202c is soldered to collect the electric current from thin grid line.In some embodiments, welding 204a, 204b is provided in the form of coating (such as tin plating) copper wire.Although being not shown, it should be appreciated that, in some embodiments, Each PV battery 202a, 202b, 202c include back contact on surface behind.Illustrative PV battery includes substantially as the U.S. is special Sharp No.4,751,191 (Gonsiorawski et al.), No.5,074,921 (Gonsiorawski et al.), No.5,118,362 It is illustrated and description in (St.Angelo et al.), No.5,320,684 (Amick et al.) and No.5,478,402 (Hanoka) The full content of each document is incorporated herein by PV battery herein.

Embodiments disclosed herein be related to include catoptric arrangement light-redirecting membrane product (LRF).The structure usually has There is the cross section of triangle.In some embodiments, catoptric arrangement is symmetrical, so that the face length of triangle is roughly equal And face angle degree is roughly equal.In some embodiments, catoptric arrangement is asymmetrical, so that the face length of triangle not phase Deng and face angle degree it is unequal.In some embodiments, LRF includes the extra play on the reflecting surface of LRF, such as following more detailed Carefully discuss.

As shown in Figure 2 A, the light redirecting films including catoptric arrangement (LRF) 210 can be set in welding 204a, 204b Top.Alternatively, LRF can be conductive and be arranged to substitute welding.In this embodiment, LRF is arranged in PV The top of battery and PV battery is soldered to from thin grid line collected current, while further including that light redirects characteristic.For example, replacing LRF for welding may include catoptric arrangement, and not have the light redirecting films as individual component in PV module.Substitution The upper surface of the LRF of welding is formed as comprising catoptric arrangement, to not only execute light-redirecting function but also execute electrical connection function.

About the general structure of PV module 100, Fig. 2A shows the first PV battery 202a and passes through the first electric connector or weldering Band 204a is electrically connected to the 2nd PV battery 202a.First welding 204a extends and extends across in the top of the first PV battery 202a The first PV battery 202a is crossed, to extend beyond the edge of the first PV battery 202a, and is bent downwardly and is located at the 2nd PV electricity The lower section of pond 202b.Then first welding 204a extends in the lower section of the 2nd PV battery 202b and extends across the 2nd PV battery 202b.By the second welding 204b relative to the 2nd PV battery 202b and the 3rd PV battery 202c, and by adding welding phase For with PV module 200a adjacent additional PV battery pair provided together, establish similar relationship.It is real shown in Fig. 2A It applies in mode, the top of welding 204a, 204b is arranged in LRF 210.

In some embodiments, LRF 210 is arranged in the photovoltaic non-active region between PV battery 202a, 202b, Shown in the sectional view of PV module 200b as shown in Fig. 2 B.In the illustrated embodiment, LRF 210 is embedded in PV module 200b Sealant 240 in and be clipped between PV battery 202a, 202b, 202c and backboard 220.Setting as shown in Figure 2 B is in module Optical reflection film between interior PV battery 202a, 202b, 202c provides the increased power output from PV module 200b.

The LRF band being arranged at least part of the photovoltaic non-active region of PV module can have described below Any form.In some embodiments, LRF is integrated to another structure of PV module, such as welding by adhesive.Some In embodiment, adhesive can be the component of LRF product.It in other embodiments, will before the band for applying LRF Adhesive (for example, heat-activatable adhesive, contact adhesive etc.) is applied on welding.

As shown in Figure 2 A and 2 B, PV module 200a, 200b includes the backboard 220 as back protection component.Some In embodiment, backboard 220 is electrically insulating material, for example, glass, polymeric layer, with reinforcing fiber (for example, glass, ceramics or Polymer fiber) enhancing polymeric layer or woody debris' plate.In some embodiments, backboard 220 include a kind of glass or Quartz.Glass hot can be tempered.Some illustrative glass materials include sodium calcium silicon-based glass.In other embodiments, it carries on the back Plate 120 is the polymer film for including multi-layer polymer film.A kind of example of commercially available backboard is can be from (the Chinese Wujiang Cybrid Economic development zone) backboard of trade name KPf backboard membrane bought.Other representative configurations of backboard 220 are including squeezing out The backboard of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) (PTFE).Backboard 220 can connect to construction material, for example roof film is (for example, in photovoltaic building one In bodyization application (BIPV)).In other embodiments, back protects a part of component or entirely may include the function of LRF, So that any gap reflection when PV battery and sealant and backboard are laminated, between adjacent PV battery or at PV battery circumferential It can be used for the incident light to generate electricity.In this way, any region for receiving incident light but not having PV battery in module can be with It is preferably applied to light collection.

In Fig. 2A and Fig. 2 B, covering PV battery 202a-202c be general plane optical transport and non-conductive front side Layer 230, the front side layer layer 230 also provide bearing to PV battery 202a-202c.In some embodiments, front side layer layer 230 includes one The glass or quartz of seed type.Glass hot can be tempered.Some illustrative glass materials include sodium calcium silicon-based glass.Some In embodiment, front side layer layer 230 has low iron content (for example, being less than about 0.10% total iron content, more preferably less than about 0.08%, 0.07% or 0.06% total iron content) and/or front side layer layer 230 on anti-reflection coating, to optimize optical transport.At it In his embodiment, front side layer layer 230 is barrier layer.Some illustrative barrier layers are described in the following documents, for example, the U.S. Patent No.7,186,465 (Bright), No.7,276,291 (Bright), No.5,725,909 (Shaw et al.), No.6, 231,939 (Shaw et al.), No.6,975,067 (McCormick et al.), No.6,203,898 (Kohler et al.), No.6, 348,237 (Kohler et al.), No.7,018,713 (Padiyath et al.) and US publication are No.2007/0020451 It is incorporated herein by reference with the full content of the document of No.2004/0241454, all these documents.

In some embodiments, for sealant 240 between backboard 220 and front side layer layer 230, sealant 240 surrounds PV Battery 202a-202c, welding 204a and 204b (as shown in Figure 2 A) and/or LRF 210 (as shown in Figure 2 A and 2 B).Sealant It is made of suitable light transmission, non-conductive material.Transparent material has on solar spectrum (such as from 380nm to 1100nm) An average of at least 50% or at least 80% optical transmittance.Some example seal agent include curable thermoset material, thermosetting Property fluoropolymer, acrylic acid, ethene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), polyvinyl butyral (PVB), polyolefin, thermoplastic Property polyurethane, transparent polyvinyl chloride and ionomer.It is a kind of that illustratively commercially available polyolefin sealant can be from 3M company (St.Paul, MN) is with trade name PO8500^TMIt buys.Thermoplasticity and thermosetting polyolefin sealant can be used.

Sealant 240 can be in the form of being located in the lower section of PV battery 202a-202c array and/or the discrete patch of top It provides, wherein these components are clipped in again between backboard 220 and front side layer layer 230.Then, heated lamination structure under vacuum, so that Sealant sheet material becomes to liquefy enough to flow around PV battery 202a-202c and encapsulate PV battery 202a-202c, simultaneously It is filled in the gap in the space between backboard 220 and front side layer layer 230.Liquefied sealant solidifies in cooling procedure.One In a little embodiments, sealant 240 can further in-situ solidifying to form transparent solid matrix.Sealant 240 is adhered to Backboard 220 and front side layer layer 230 are to form the sub-component being laminated.

Fig. 3 A and Fig. 3 B are the sectional views of the part before sub-component 301a, 301b of PV module are laminated.It is shown in Fig. 3 A The sub-component 301a of PV module include backboard 320 as described above and front side layer layer 330.PV battery 302 is arranged in backboard 320 The matrix extended between front side layer layer 330 along the direction length LD and the direction width WD.In figure 3 a, 341 edge of the first sealant layer The sub-component 301a of PV module thickness direction --- being indicated as the direction z in figure 3 a --- be arranged in backboard 320 and PV Between battery 302.Second sealant layer 342 is arranged between PV battery 302 and front side layer layer 330 along the direction z.Such as Fig. 3 A institute Show, LRF 310 can be arranged between PV battery 302 and the first sealant layer 341 along the direction z.In length direction LD and width It spends on the WD of direction, the length direction LD and/or width direction WD in the sub-component 301a along PV module can be set in LRF 310 Between the PV battery 302 of extension.

PV modular assembly 301b shown in Fig. 3 B is similar to PV modular assembly 301a shown in Fig. 3 A in many aspects. The difference of component 301b and component 301a at least that, LRF 310 is located in backboard 320 along the direction z and seals with first Between oxidant layer 341.In this configuration, adhesive phase can be set between first layer 310a and backboard 320.Adhesive phase can To have the component for the adhesive phase 310d being discussed more fully below.When there are adhesive phase, adhesive phase glues LRF 310 It is attached to backboard 320.

As discussed in more detail below, in some embodiments, LRF 310 includes: first layer 310a；Reflection and conduction Second layer 310b；With third layer 310c.In some ways of realization, third layer provides durable protection for the reflexive second layer And/or reflecting layer is made to be electrically insulated.In a variety of ways of realization, third layer substantially allows sunlight to penetrate.For example, third layer can With the refractive index for (being greater than 1.3 and less than 1.5) between about 1.35 and about 1.8.Third layer can be dimensionally hot Stablize, so that third layer its shrinking percentage at 150 degrees Centigrade 30 minutes is below about 2%.

Referring to Fig. 3 A, in some embodiments, adhesive phase be can be set in solar battery 302 and third layer 310c Between.Adhesive phase can have the component for the adhesive phase 310d being discussed more fully below.When there are adhesive phase, bonding LRF 310 is adhered to solar battery 302 before being laminated by oxidant layer.

Referring to Fig. 3 B, in some embodiments, adhesive phase be can be set between first layer 310a and backboard 320. Adhesive phase can have the component for the adhesive phase 310d being discussed more fully below.When there are adhesive phase, adhesive phase LRF310 is adhered to backboard 320 before being laminated.

Fig. 3 A and Fig. 3 B show the LRF 310 of orientation of the third layer 310c towards solar battery 302.It will be recognized that In some embodiments, LRF 310 can be oppositely oriented, so that third layer 310c is towards backboard 320.

Fig. 3 C and Fig. 3 D respectively illustrate the PV that can be formed after sub-component 301a, 301b are laminated under heat and pressure The some parts of module 300c, 300d, wherein the third layer of LRF keeps to distinguish with the sealant of surrounding.PV module 300c, 300d includes the lamination with backboard 320, LRF 310, PV battery 302 and front side layer layer 330.Also there are other structures such as to weld Band, but do not shown in Fig. 3 A to Fig. 3 D.Lamination process causes sealant layer 341 and 342 shown in Fig. 3 A and Fig. 3 B to liquefy And fill the gap between front side layer layer 330 and backboard 320.After the liquefaction of sealant layer 341,342, forming layer 341,342 Sealant material 340 flows to together.Sealant material 340 is for example solidified by cooling or other techniques and solidification.LRF 310 is embedding In cured sealant 340.In PV module 300c, 300d shown in Fig. 3 C and Fig. 3 D, the third layer 302c of LRF 310 It is made of the material different from the sealant material of layer 341 and/or layer 342.Therefore, after lamination process, third layer 310c Still it can be distinguished with sealant 340.As shown in Figure 3 C, third layer 310c can connect with the back side 302a of solar battery 302 Touching, or as shown in Figure 3D, third layer 310c can be separated by sealant 340 with the back side 302a of solar battery 302.

Fig. 3 E and Fig. 3 F respectively illustrate the PV that can be formed after sub-component 301a, 301b are laminated under heat and pressure The part of module 300e, 300f, wherein the third layer of LRF during lamination with the sealant undistinguishable of surrounding.In these realities It applies in mode, can be used and make with the heat activated adhesive agent material identical or closely similar for the third layer 310c of LRF 310 For sealant layer 341,342.Therefore, after lamination process, third layer 310c and 340 undistinguishable of sealant.Such as Fig. 3 E and Shown in Fig. 3 F, after lamination, heat activated adhesive agent material is set up directly on the second layer 310b of LRF.In fig. 3e, conductive And second layer 310b and the distance between the conductive back side 302a of solar battery of reflection are smaller than about 76.2 μm, such as Between 50.8 μm and 12.7 μm.In Fig. 3 F, the conductive back side 302a of conductive and reflection second layer 310b and solar battery The distance between can be between 76.2 μm and 508 μm.Each of module embodiment shown in Fig. 3 C to Fig. 3 F In, the resistance between the back side 302a of second layer 310b and battery can be greater than about 500 begohms under 100VDC applied field, As described in more detail below.

With the feelings for LRF being placed between PV battery and front side layer layer or being placed between the second sealant layer and front side layer layer It is compared under condition, as shown in Figure 3A and Figure 3B being placed on LRF between PV battery and backboard is enhanced from solar energy module Power output.With LRF 310 to be located in PV battery 302 compared between the first sealant layer 341, due to PV battery 302 The distance between the reflecting surface of optical receiving surface and LRF 310, when LRF is located between backboard 320 and the first encapsulated layer 341 When, broader 310 band of LRF can be used.On solar spectrum on average, the reflecting surface of LRF reflects incident on film Sunlight at least 50%.

Fig. 3 G to Fig. 3 I shows the other solar cell module configuration after lamination.In these embodiments every In one, solar cell module 300g, 300h, 300i include LRF 310, and in LRF 310, first layer 310a is towards the sun Energy battery 302, and the backboard 320 of second layer 310b module oriented approach, backboard 320 can be glass or make sunlight substantially transmissive Other materials.It may include optional 4th layer of 310d.In some ways of realization, the 4th layer is adhesive phase.Additionally Or optionally, in some ways of realization, the 4th layer of ingredient includes protective layer 310d and/or first layer 310a from ultraviolet light Radiate one or more of ultraviolet radiations (UV) degradant additive of (UV) degradation.Additionally or alternatively, first layer 310a It may include the additive for protecting first layer 310a to degrade from UV.In Fig. 3 G and Fig. 3 H, third layer is not shown, but it can Selection of land is arranged on the surface opposite with first layer 310a of second layer 310b.

Fig. 3 G is shown across two adjacent solar batteries 302 and the back side that is attached to solar battery 302 LRF 310.Optional adhesive phase 310d be arranged on first layer 310a be conducive to LRF be attached to solar battery 302 and/ Or LRF is kept during lamination.In the embodiment with the 4th layer of 310d, the 4th layer may include stopping UV to protect the Material composition of the one layer of 310a from degradation.

In some embodiments, layer 310d is adhesive phase, such as pressure-sensitive or layer of heat activated adhesive.Adhesive phase 310d can be substantially transmitted through sunlight, for example, for the wavelength between 380nm and 1100nm, adhesive phase can have to Few 50% or at least 80% transmissivity.In some embodiments, adhesive phase 310d may include one in following substances Kind or more substance: polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyolefin (PO), ethene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), poly- second Enol butyral (PVB), the polymer (THV) of tetrafluoroethene, hexafluoropropene and vinylidene fluoride, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymerization Object (ETFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyurethane (PU), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyimides (PI) etc.. The adhesive phase can be partially or substantially fully crosslinked.

Fig. 3 H shows the LRF 310 being arranged between the solar battery 302 of module 300h and backboard 320.LRF 310 It is spaced apart with the back side of solar battery 302 and is spaced apart with backboard 320.The LRF of LRF ratio Fig. 3 G of Fig. 3 H more leaves backboard 320.Before being laminated, LRF 310 shown in Fig. 3 G and Fig. 3 H may include third layer, which includes being arranged in the second layer Heat-activatable adhesive on the surface opposite with first layer 310a of 310b.In Fig. 3 H, before being laminated, third layer can be put It sets on the surface of backboard 320, between solar battery 302 and backboard 320.The optional third layer after lamination may be used With with 340 undistinguishable of sealant, be such as not present in Fig. 3 G and Fig. 3 H.Alternatively, as shown in fig. 31, in some embodiment party In formula, after lamination, the ingredient of third layer 310c can be such that third layer 310c distinguishes with 340 phase of sealant material.

Fig. 4 A and Fig. 4 B are the top view of LRF product 400a and 400b respectively.Fig. 4 C to Fig. 4 E is according to various embodiment party The sectional view of LRF product 400c, 400d, 400e of formula.LRF product 400a, 400b, 400c as shown in Fig. 4 A to Fig. 4 E, 400d, 400e may include elongated, flexible film, which can be along the x-y as shown in the dotted line in Fig. 4 A to Fig. 4 E Plane 499 is extended.For example, LRF 400a, 400b, 400c, 400d, 400e can be set to have or limit length L With the elongate strips of width W.

As illustrated in figures 4 a and 4b, LRF 400a, 400b band terminate at opposed end edge 461,463 and opposite Side edge 462,464.LRF 400a, 400b length L be defined as the linear distance between opposite end edge 461,463 And width W is defined as the linear distance between opposite side edge 462,464.Length L is greater than width W (for example, big at least More than ten times of magnitudes).The longitudinal axis on direction in Fig. 4 A to Fig. 4 E along the length L of the film of x-axis of LRF 400a, 400b It is defined.Transverse axis is the y-axis in Fig. 4 A to Fig. 4 E, is orthogonal to x-axis and limits on the direction of width W.Some In embodiment, longitudinal (x) and laterally (y) axis can also manufacture convention according to generally acknowledged film and be considered separately as length (web) (or machine) and laterally (cross-web) axis or direction.The height of crestal line can change with the position along main shaft.

LRF product 400a, 400b, 400c, 400d, 400e are flexible and can provide as rolls.LRF can be with With being suitable for being expected the various width of final usage and/or length.For example, for can be used for solar cell module most Some embodiments of whole usage, in some embodiments, LRF product can have no more than about 15.25cm (6 inches) Width W, or in some embodiments have no more than 4mm width W.

As most preferably seen in the sectional view of Fig. 4 C to Fig. 4 E, LRF 400c, 400d, 400e may include One layer 410, first layer 410 have the first main surface 413 (the first main surface that first main surface 413 is also possible to LRF) and Second main surface 414 of structuring.When film 400a, 400b, 400c, 400d, 400e extend, the first main surface 413 can be with base It is arranged on this along x-y plane 499, as shown in Fig. 4 A to Fig. 4 E.First layer 410 includes the structure at the second main surface 414 450 setting.Structure 450 is prominent and leaves the first main surface 413.The setting of micro-structure 450 has the nature with first layer 410 Surface roughness or the different pattern of other physical features.The setting of micro-structure 450 can be it is continuous or discontinuous, and It may include repeat patterns, non-repeating pattern, random pattern etc..

Structure 450 can limit substantially triangular prism shape, and substantially triangular prism shape refers to that area of section is the phase of prism for this Answer 90% to 110% prism shape of the maximum inscribed triangle area in area of section.Substantially triangular prism shape can have There is the face of slightly rounding.As disclosed herein, the length in face is the maximum triangle that can be inscribed in the section of prism The shortest distance between adjacent vertex a, wherein vertex in these vertex is peak maximum.Shown in substantially triangular prism shape Define at least two faces 451,452, as shown in Figure 4 C.First face 451 and the second face 452 are extended first layer along z-axis 410 first surface 413, and extended towards one another along y-axis, to be formed approximately along the x-axis extension as crestal line 474 Peak 454.Prism 450 is reflexive, or is had by the way that addition is as shown in the figure with the matched reflecting layer 420 of prism 450 It is reflexive.It is non-focusing for reflecting prism 450, and is configured in the sunlight that will be incident on reflecting surface 498 extremely Few some sunlights redirect at a certain angle towards air module interface (not shown), so that reflected light undergoes total internal reflection, And it is reflected again towards solar battery, to be absorbed.

The triangle of structure 450 can be symmetrical (having roughly equal face length and face angle degree) or can be not Symmetrically (there is unequal face length and face angle degree).In some embodiments, the length in face 451,452 is roughly equal. Alternatively, the length in face can differ at least 10% and/or face angle degree can differ at least 5 degree, it is public in greater detail below It opens.

In some embodiments, structure 450 forms one group of elongated peak, and one group of elongated peak forms crestal line 474 and ridge Respective slot 475 between line 474, as shown in Figure 4 A and 4 B shown in FIG..For example, forming ridge as shown in the sectional view of Fig. 4 C to Fig. 4 E It the peak 454 of line 474 (A and Fig. 4 B referring to fig. 4) can be prominent from the paddy 455 for forming groove 475 (A and 4B referring to fig. 4) along z-axis Out.The height H of micro-structure is the distance along z-axis from the paddy 455 of micro-structure 450 to peak 454.

In some embodiments, peak 454 can be limited to the peak angle degree between about 110 degree and about 130 degree.Show several In example, peak angle degree can be about 115 degree, about 120 degree or about 125 degree.Although for ease of explanation, it is shown in Fig. 4 C to Fig. 4 E The peak 454 of each micro-structure 450 is sharp corner structure, but in other embodiments, one or more in peak 454 " Peak can be rounding, as shown in the LRF 400g of Fig. 4 G.Additionally or alternatively, structure 450 " ' face 451 " ', 452 " ' it can To be slight curving as shown at figure 4h.

If most preferably found out in Fig. 4 A, the peak 454 for forming crestal line 474 can be along the master for the longitudinal axis for being parallel to LRF Axis setting.As shown in Figure 4 B, it is such as discussed in more detail in jointly owned U.S. Patent Publication text 20170104121 , elongated peak 454 can form the crestal line 474 being arranged along main shaft 497, longitudinal axis of the main shaft 497 relative to LRF (x-axis in Fig. 4 B) forms inclination angle alpha, and the document is incorporated herein by reference.

First layer 410 can be single integral layer structure or the multilayer knot as shown in Fig. 4 D and Fig. 4 E shown in Fig. 4 C Structure.First layer 410 may include polymer material.The polymer material of wide scope is suitable for preparing first layer 410.It is suitable poly- The example for closing object material includes the mixture of following substances and they: cellulose acetate-butyrate；Cellulose-acetate propionate；Triacetic acid Cellulose；Poly- (methyl) acrylate, such as polymethyl methacrylate；Polyester, such as polyethylene terephthalate and poly- naphthalene Naphthalate；Copolymer or blend based on naphthalene dicarboxylic acids；Polyether sulfone；Polyurethane；Polycarbonate；Polyvinyl chloride； Syndiotactic polytyrene；Cyclic olefine copolymer；Silicone-based material；And including polyethylene and polyacrylic polyolefin.It is special The polymer material for not being suitable for first layer 410 is polyolefin and polyester.In some embodiments, first layer 410 is conductive And may include metal film.

As shown in Figure 4 C, the overall thickness T of LRF can be about 25.4 μm (1 mils) between about 203.2 μm (8 mil).The About 12.7 μm (0.5 mils) of the bottom of the paddy 455 from the first main surface 413 to micro-structure be can have for one layer 410 to about 127 The thickness T of μm (5 mil)₁₁And from the first main surface 413 of first layer 410 to about 17.7 μm (0.7 mils) at the top at peak To the thickness T of about 147 μm (5.8 mil)₁₂.The height H from paddy 455 to peak 454 of micro-structure can be about 5 μm to about 20 μm, Or about 1 μm to about 25 μm.

First layer 410 can be the multilayered structure as shown in Fig. 4 D and Fig. 4 E.Fig. 4 D and Fig. 4 E are shown including the first son The first layer 410 of the multilayer of 411 (referred to as base) of layer and the second sublayer 412 (referred to as structure sheaf).As shown, base 411 can have there are two substantially parallel opposite main surface 411a, 411b.Structure sheaf 412 includes micro-structure as described above 450.Base 411 and/or structure sheaf 412 may include the wide model as previously the monoblock type first layer 410 of Fig. 4 C combined to be discussed The material enclosed.In some embodiments, base 411 and structure sheaf 412 are made of identical material.In other embodiments In, base 411 and structure sheaf 412 are made from a variety of materials.For example, in some embodiments, the material of base 411 is poly- Ester, and the material of structure sheaf 412 is poly- (methyl) acrylate.In some embodiments, microstructured layers 412 may include Conductive material and base 411 may include non-conductive layer.In some embodiments, microstructured layers 412 may include non-lead Electric material, and base 411 may include conductive layer.

As shown in Figure 4 D, the first sublayer 411 can have the thickness of about 12.7 μm (0.5 mils) to about 127.0 μm (5 mil) Spend T₁₃.Second sublayer 412 can have thickness T₁₄With bonding land (land) thickness T₁₅, thickness T₁₄About 5 μm to about 20 μm it Between, so that the structure of the second sublayer has about 5 μm to about 20 μm of the height H from paddy 455 to peak 454, bonding land thickness T₁₅For The thickness of bonding land 412a between the paddy 455 of structure 450 and the surface 411b of the first sublayer 411, between 0 to about 2 μm it Between.The overall thickness T of first layer 410 including the first sublayer 411 and the second sublayer 412₁₆It can be between about 17.7 μm to about 147 μm Between, or between about 12 μm to about 100 μm.

LRF 400c, 400d, 400e include the reflecting surface 498 being configured to sun light-redirecting.In Fig. 4 C to Fig. 4 E Shown in embodiment, reflecting surface 498 is the outer surface that the second layer 420 of 450 top of structure is arranged in.In some realities It applies in mode, as shown in Figure 4 C, the second layer 420 is set up directly in structure 450.Alternatively, the second layer can be set One layer of top, and one or more extra plays can be set between first layer and the second layer.

In some embodiments, first layer may include the surface to sunlight reflection.In these embodiments, may be used Not use the second layer 420 of optical reflection.For example, when the first layer of single monoblock type or the microstructured layer of first layer are by reflecting When property material is made, it may not be necessary to the second layer 420.

The reflexive second layer 420 can take the various forms suitable for reflected light, such as metal, inorganic material when in use Or organic material.In some embodiments, reflecting layer 420 is reflecting layer.Reflecting layer 420 can provide incident sunlight Reflection, and therefore can prevent on some incident light beam strikes to the polymer material of micro-structure 450.It can be used any desired Reflective coating or reflecting layer thickness, for example, about 30nm to about 100nm, the magnitude of optionally about 35nm to about 60nm.One A little illustrative thickness are measured by optical density or percent transmittance.Thicker coating can prevent more UV light from entering Micro-structure 450.However, blocked up coating or layer may cause the stress in the second layer 420 to increase, so as to cause undesirable broken It splits.When metal coating is used for reflecting layer 420, coating can be silver, aluminium, tin, tin alloy or combinations thereof.Any conjunction can be used Suitable metal coating.In general, using well known technique, by being vapor-deposited come coating metal layer.

The some exemplary inorganic materials that can be used for reflecting layer 420 include but is not limited to oxide (for example, SiO₂, TiO₂, Al₂O₃, Ta₂O₅Deng) and fluoride (for example, MgF₂, LaF₃, AlF₃Deng).In some embodiments, the second layer 420 can To be single whole (monolithic) layer.Alternatively, the second layer can be multilayered structure.For example, above-mentioned oxide and/or Fluoride (or other materials) can form alternating layer to provide the reflection interference coating for being suitable as broadband reflector.For example, this A little alternating layers can have different refractive index or other alternating features.Alternate oxide or fluoride layer (example can be used Such as, oxide S iO₂, TiO₂, Al₂O₃, Ta₂O₅Deng and fluoride such as MgF₂, LaF₃, AlF₃Deng) form multi-layer interference coating.With Metal is different, these stratiform reflectors can permit wavelength for example unfavorable to solar battery and penetrate.It can be used for reflecting layer 420 Some exemplary organic materials include but is not limited to point that acrylic resin and can also being formed is suitable as broadband reflector The other polymers of layer interference coatings.Organic material can use modified by nano particles or be used in combination with inorganic material.

In the embodiment that reflecting layer 420 is metal coating (and optionally other constructions with reflecting layer 420), Micro-structure 450 may be configured so that corresponding peak is rounded.Deposited metal layer, which compares to deposit on spike, on circle peak is easier. In addition, sufficiently covering spike with metal layer may be difficult when peak is sharp (for example, being gathered into a bit).This may Lead to " pin hole (pinhole) " occur at the peak with seldom metal or without metal.These pin holes not only not reflected light Line, and sunlight may be allowed to pass through and reach the polymer material of micro-structure, so as to cause micro-structure with the time It elapses and degrades.Using optional circle peak structure, peak is easier to coat, to reduce or eliminate the risk for pin hole occur.In addition, Circle peak film is easily processed, and there is no the points that may be predisposed to damage during processing, transport, conversion or other processing steps Peak.

As most preferably seen in the sectional view of Fig. 4 C to Fig. 4 E, LRF 400c, 400d, 400e include that setting exists The third layer 430 of 498 top of reflecting surface.In some embodiments, third layer 430 can be arranged directly on reflecting surface On 498, and in other embodiments, one or more layers can be set between third layer 430 and reflecting surface 498 (not shown).

Generally, it is considered that when by LRF be located in PV module as describe in Fig. 2 B position (be clipped in PV battery and backboard it Between) when, the electric insulation layer of such as semi-crystal structure with such as PET is needed, between PV battery and the second layer of conduction Enough electrical isolations are provided.

However, method disclosed herein is related to using the LRF structure with the third layer material for providing unexpected result It makes, to promote the technology of PV module by overcoming the technical problem of the electrical isolation about LRF, adherency and/or optical property. Material disclosed herein provides the solar cell module energy conversion of enhancing, and the solar cell module manufacture simplified.

Disclosed third layer 430 is fully adhered to reflecting surface 498, to prevent from leading to electricity during the lamination of PV module It substantially moves on shortness of breath road.Lower deformation or indeformable can be presented in the third layer of disclosed LRF during lamination, thus The enough resistance that is electrically insulated is kept between the coat of metal of PV battery 402 and metallic reflector 420.In order to realize offer electrical isolation The purpose of layer selects the material with high volume resistivity and true layer thickness is to provide electrical isolation appropriate.Third layer 430 It can be reflected to sunlight substantially optical clear (on solar spectrum with an average of at least 50% transmissivity) and by LRF Surface provides acceptable sun light reflectivity.In embodiment of the third layer optics through sunlight, third layer material Ingredient can promote light degradation stability, to reduce LRF to the degradation of light and/or can provide the UV absorption of radiation.

Third layer 430 can be made of curable materials.The material of third layer 430 may include improving to reflecting surface Adhesiveness provides light degradation stability and/or provides the UV additive absorbed.In some embodiments, third layer includes heat Activate adhesive.In some embodiments, third layer 430 can be coating.Third layer 430 may include partial cross-linked or base Fully crosslinked polymer material in sheet.In some embodiments, the curable components of third layer material are heat activated adhesives Agent, such as thermosetting property or thermoplastic adhesives.According to some embodiments, using ASTM D1238 at 190 DEG C with 2.16kg In the case that weight measures, third layer 430 be can have between about 0.1g/10 minutes and 8g/10 minutes, about Between 0.1g/10 minutes and 10g/10 minutes, between about 0.1g/10 minutes and 20g/20 minutes or 0.1g/10 minutes with Melt flow index between 30g/10 minutes.In various embodiments, third layer material can be or including ethylene-second Sour ethylene copolymer, polyvinyl resin, polyolefin resin and/or resinoid, such as silicone rubber.

For example, adhesive material used in third layer 430 can be for example by heating, chemically reacting (for example, two Divide epoxy resin) solidify and/or by electron beam or the polymer of UV radiation progress radiation curing.Third layer material is in solidification It is changed into plastics or rubber by crosslinking to form key between each chain of polymer.Polyvinyl resin, acetic acid-acetic acid Ethylene copolymer (EVA), polyurethane, acrylate and two parts polysiloxanes are the suitable materials of the material for third layer 430 The example of material.

The ingredient of third layer may include the additive for increasing peel adhesion.For example, in some embodiments, third The material composition of layer 430 may provide for greater than about 8 gram/inchs of peel adhesion of reflecting surface 498.In some implementations In mode, third layer is greater than 0.5N/cm to the adhesion strength of reflecting surface 498.For example, adhesion additive may include maleic anhydride Graft polymers, such as the Amplify that can be obtained from Dow Chemical (state of Michigan meter Lan Te)^TM1052。

In some configurations, PV module and LRF are arranged so that sunlight reaches reflecting surface 498 through third layer 430, And sunlight is reflected in the reflecting surface 498.Therefore, sunlight influences the total reflection of LRF through the transmission of third layer 430 Rate.Wish that the reflectivity of LRF is high.Third layer material may include the photodegradative light degradation stabilization additives for reducing LRF.Third Layer material may include that UV absorbs agent addition agent, and UV absorbs agent addition agent and absorbs UV radiation, to prevent harmful UV radiation from making Electric insulation layer degradation on LRF.Suitable material for light stabilizer and/or UV absorption agent addition agent includes for example can be from BASF (the New Jersey park Fu Lunhan) obtains entitled81 benzophenone UV absorbent and for example may be used It is obtained from BASF (the New Jersey park Fu Lunhan) entitledThe additives such as 622 hindered amine light stabilizer.Such as The second layer 420 that the ingredient of third layer 430 disclosed herein can provide the coated with aluminum of LRF (has sunlight 380nm is to the wave-length coverage between about 1100nm) greater than about 77% reflectivity.

As shown in Figure 4 C, third layer 430 can have the second master of the second layer 420 and LRF at micro-structure peak 454 Thickness T between surface 415₃₁, between about 12.7 μm to about 101.6 μm, and the second layer at micro-structure paddy 455 Thickness T between the second main surface 415 of 420 and LRF₃₂, between about 17.7 μm to about 121.6 μm.In some realities It applies in mode, third layer 430 can have the thickness T between 10 μm to 200 μm₃₂。

In some embodiments, third layer 430 may include as shown in LRF 400c, the 400d of Fig. 4 C and Fig. 4 D Single layer structure.In some embodiments, third layer 430 may include multilayered structure, which includes the first sublayer 431 With the second sublayer 432, as shown in the section of the LRF 400e of Fig. 4 E.Second sublayer 432 of third layer 430 may include with more than With regard to the identical material of material described in the layer 430 in Fig. 4 C and Fig. 4 D.For example, the second sublayer 432 can be heat activated adhesive Oxidant layer may include heat-activatable adhesive.For example, third layer 430 may include one of following substances or more object Matter: polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyolefin (PO), ethene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), polyvinyl butyral (PVB), the polymer (THV) of tetrafluoroethene, hexafluoropropene and vinylidene fluoride, ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE) gather Vinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyurethane (PU), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyimides (PI) etc..

In some embodiments, the first sublayer 431 of third layer 430 may include polymer material, such as poly- carbonic acid Ester, polyester, polyethylene, polypropylene and other polymeric materials.In some embodiments, the first sublayer 431 can be ratio Such as SiO_xOxide skin(coating) or the oxidiferous layer of packet.As shown in Figure 4 E, the first sublayer 431 can be set in reflecting surface 498 Top or be set up directly on reflecting surface 498, and can be than 432 much thinner of the second sublayer.For example, such as Fig. 4 E institute Show, the first sublayer 431 of third layer 430 there can be the thickness between 20nm and 100nm.For example, the position of the second sublayer 432 The first sublayer 431 at micro-structure peak 454 and the thickness T between the second main surface 415 of LRF₃₃It can be the first sublayer 431 100 times to 6000 times of thickness.For example, in some embodiments, the thickness of the first sublayer 431 can be between about 20nm extremely Between about 100nm.

First sublayer 431 can have volume resistivity more higher than the volume resistivity of the second sublayer 432.For example, the The volume resistivity of one sublayer 431 can be 10 times, 100 times or 1000 times of the volume resistivity of the second sublayer 432.It is alternative Ground, the volume resistivity of the second sublayer 432 can be 10 times, 100 times or 1000 times of the volume resistivity of the first sublayer 431. This will depend on being used for the selection of the material of sublayer 432.

According to some embodiments, the refractive index of the first sublayer 431 can be different from the refractive index of the second sublayer 432.? In some embodiments, the first sublayer 431 and the second sublayer 432 can be substantially index matching.For example, the first sublayer 431 refractive index can be less than or equal to the refractive index of the second sublayer 432.In some embodiments, the folding of the first sublayer 431 It penetrates within the refractive index 20%, 10% or 5% of rate and the second sublayer 432.

In some embodiments, the third layer 430 of LRF may include the first sublayer 431 as described above, without including Second sublayer of third layer.For example, the first sublayer 431 can be oxide skin(coating) or including oxide skin(coating), e.g. SiOx or packet The layer for including SiOx, without the second sublayer.When LRF is arranged on the backboard of solar cell module, conductive second Relatively thick sealant region is provided between layer 420 and the back side of solar battery, this set is particularly useful.

In PV module, third sublayer 430 shown in the embodiment of Fig. 4 C to Fig. 4 E is by reflectance coating 420 and the sun The coat of metal electrical isolation of energy battery.It is enough to reduce or prevent the metal-plated of PV battery by the electrical isolation that third sublayer 430 provides Short circuit between layer and the second layer 420 of conduction.For example, applying 100V as according to testing described below setting measurement In the case where DC electric field, third sublayer 430 provides at least between the coat of metal of PV battery 402 and the conductive layer 420 of LRF The resistance of 500 begohms.

In some embodiments, LRF can optionally include and be applied to the first main of (such as coated in) first layer 410 Adhesive phase 470 on surface 413.Adhesive phase 470 can use various forms.For example, the adhesive of adhesive phase 470 can To be hotmelt, such as ethene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA).Other kinds of suitable hotmelt includes poly- Alkene.In other embodiments, the adhesive of adhesive phase 102 is contact adhesive (PSA).The PSA of suitable type includes But it is not limited to acrylate, polysiloxanes, polyisobutene, urea and their combination.In some embodiments, PSA is propylene Acid or acrylate PSA.As used herein term " acrylic acid " or " acrylate " include having acrylic acid or methyl-prop The compound of at least one of olefin(e) acid group.Useful acrylic acid PSA can be for example by combining at least two different lists It is prepared by body (the first monomer and second comonomer).Exemplary suitable first monomer includes acrylic acid 2- methylbutyl butenoate (2- Methylbutyl acrylate), 2-EHA, Isooctyl acrylate monomer, lauryl acrylate, the positive last of the ten Heavenly stems ester of acrylic acid (n-decyl acrylate), acrylic acid 4- methyl -2- pentyl ester (4-methyl-2-pentyl acrylate), acrylic acid isoamyl Ester, sec-butyl acrylate (sec-butyl acrylate) and the different nonyl ester of acrylic acid (isononyl acrylate).It is exemplary Suitable second comonomer includes (methyl) acrylic acid (for example, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid and fumaric acid), (methyl) acrylamide is (for example, acrylamide, Methacrylamide, N- ethyl acrylamide, N- hydroxyethyl acrylamide, N- Octyl acrylamide, N tert butyl acrylamide (N-t-butyl acrylamide), N,N-DMAA, N, N- bis- Ethyl acrylamide and N- ethyl-N- dihydroxy ethyl acrylamide (N-ethyl-N-dihydroxyethyl Acrylamide)), (methyl) acrylate is (for example, acrylic acid -2- hydroxyl ethyl ester (2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) or first Base acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, tert-butyl acrylate or isobornyl acrylate), n-vinyl pyrrolidone, N- ethylene Base caprolactam, alpha-olefin, vinyl ethers, allyl ether, styrene monomer or maleate.Acrylic acid PSA can also lead to It crosses and crosslinking agent is added in ingredient to prepare.

In some embodiments, adhesive phase 470 may include one of following substances or more substance: poly- second Alkene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyolefin (PO), ethene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), polyvinyl butyral (PVB), four The polymer (THV) of vinyl fluoride, hexafluoropropene and vinylidene fluoride, ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyurethane (PU), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), the materials such as polyimides (PI).Adhesive phase 470 can be It is partially or substantially fully crosslinked.Adhesive phase 470 can be substantially transmitted through sunlight, for example, adhesive phase can have pair The transmissivity of wavelength at least 50% or at least 80% between 380nm and 1100nm.

In some embodiments, adhesive phase 470 can be configured to desired final use surface (for example, PV The welding of module) it optimizes integration.Although being not shown, LRF, which may further include to be arranged on the contrary with first layer 410, to be glued Release film known in the art in mixture layer 470.In the case where being provided with release film, LRF is being applied to table by release film Adhesive phase 470 is protected before face (to be bound to expose adhesive phase 470 that is, removing release film and expected finally use table Face).

In some embodiments, adhesive phase 470 can be configured to be adhered to glass.This is in the sun that backboard is glass It can may be useful in battery component construction.This formula can be further modified to include UV protection additive, and the UV is anti- Shield additive not only protects adhesive phase 470, but also protective layer 410.

The construction of LRF usually requires micro-structure being given to film.In various embodiments, first layer 410 can be list A integral layer (as shown in Figure 4 C) or bilayer (as shown in Fig. 4 D and Fig. 4 E), in bilayer, base 411 and microstructured layers 412 are wrapped Containing identical ingredient or different ingredients.In some embodiments, microstructured layers 412 are prepared separately (for example, as structure Layer) and it is laminated to base 411.The lamination can be used heat, hot and pressure combination or be completed by using adhesive.At it In his embodiment, micro-structure 450 is formed in first layer 410 by curling, annular knurl, embossing, extrusion etc..In other embodiment party In formula, the formation of micro-structure 450 can be completed by microreplicated.

A kind of manufacturing technology for being conducive to microreplicated micro-structure 450 is with the suitable constructions isolated with the first sublayer layer 411 Microreplicated mould (for example, workpiece or roller) micro-structure 450 is formed in the second sublayer 412.For example, can by curable or The polymer material of fusing is cast on microreplicated mould, and allows its solidification or cooling, with the shape in mould At microstructured layers.As described above, then the layer in mold can be adhered in polymer film (for example, first sublayer 411).? In one modification of this method, fusing or curable polymer material in microreplicated mould can be with films (for example, One sublayer 411) contact, then solidify or cooling.During solidification or cooling, the polymer material in microreplicated mold can To be adhered on film.When removing microreplicated mould, resulting structures are including the first sublayer 411 and including prominent structure 450 Structuring the second sublayer 412.In some embodiments, structure 450 (or microstructured layers) by radiation adjustable curing material such as The preparation of (methyl) acrylate, and molding material (for example, (methyl) acrylate) is solidified and being exposed to actinic radiation.

Suitable microreplicated mould can be formed by fly-cutting system and method, the example of fly-cutting system and method exists United States Patent (USP) No.8,443,704 (Burke et al.) and U. S. application disclose in No.2009/0038450 (Campbell et al.) Description, the entire teaching of each of described document are incorporated herein by reference.In general, using such as Buddha's warrior attendant in fly-cutting The cutting element of stone etc, the cutting element are installed in or are integrated at rotatable head or the periphery of hub (hub) Handle or tool retainer in, so that the cutting element is wherein processed groove or the surface of other features relative to workpiece Positioning.Fly-cutting is a kind of discontinuous cutting operation, it means that each cutting element contacts a period of time with workpiece, then exists In a period of time that fly-cutting head makes cutting element rotation be contacted again workpiece until it by the remainder of circle not with workpiece Contact.Technology described in ' 704 patents and ' 450 open source literatures can be opposite in cylindrical workpiece or microreplicated mould Microflute is formed at a certain angle in cylindrical central axis；In some of the light redirecting films and product for forming present disclosure When embodiment, microflute be desirably disposed to relative to along a tangential direction pass through cylinder film longitudinal axis and generate biasing or Inclined micro-structure.(in the fly-cutting technology, discontinuous cutting operation gradually or incrementally forms complete fly-cutting technology Microflute) small modification can be given on one or more faces of microflute along the length of microflute；These modifications will be given The corresponding face or side 451 that are generated to micro-structure 450 by microflute and then by the reflecting layer 420 that is applied to micro-structure 450, In 452.The light being incident in the modification is diffusely reflected.As described in more detail below, which can advantageously change The performance of the LRF of kind a part constructed as PV module.

Be back to Fig. 4 A and Fig. 4 B, the continuous elongated shape of structure 450 be each structure 450 establish main shaft (for example, Each individual configurations 450 have main shaft).It will be understood that structure 450 in any specific structure main shaft can with or The centroid of the respective cross-section shape at all positions of the structure can not be divided equally along specific structure 450.When specific knot The cross sectional shape of structure 450 is at (for example, within 5% of substantially uniformity setting) almost the same on entire LRF, such as Fig. 4 A and figure Shown in 4B, for example, corresponding main shaft will divide the centroid of the cross sectional shape at all positions equally along its length.On the contrary Ground, when the cross sectional shape is not almost the same on entire LRF, the corresponding main shaft of structure 450 is not divided equally in all The centroid of cross sectional shape at position.For example, Fig. 4 F is the simplification top view of another light redirecting films 400f, and it is generally illustrated According to the configuration of another micro-structure 450 ' of the principle of the disclosure.Structure 450 ' has " wave for crossing LRF 400f extension Shape " shape, wherein there is modification in one of face 451 ', 452 ' and peak 454 ' or more person.By the length of micro-structure 450 ' The main shaft that shape shape generates also is identified, and the main shaft is tilted relative to the longitudinal axis of LRF 400f, thus phase Angle B is formed for longitudinal axis.In more general terms, the main shaft of any specific structure in structure 450 ' is and crosses LRF The straight line of the centroid best fit of the elongated shape of extension.The wavy shape causes the position at peak to change along main shaft.? In some embodiments, when structure 450,450 ', which crosses LRF, to be extended, the height of structure 450,450 ' can become along height axis Change.In some embodiments, the position at peak changes along main shaft, and the height of structure changes along height axis.

At least for shape and orientation, micro-structure 450,450 ' can be substantially mutually the same (for example, identical In the 5% of relationship) so that all main shafts are substantially parallel to one another (for example, being substantially parallel within the 5% of relationship).When this When a little structure is substantially parallel, the spacing of these micro-structures can be described as between the longitudinal axis of two adjacent structures away from From.Spacing between these micro-structures can be constant, or can change on the direction for cross LRF.

Alternatively, in other embodiments, at least one of shape and orientation, in micro-structure 450,450 ' Some micro-structures can be different from other micro-structures in micro-structure 450,450 ', so that one or more masters in main shaft Axis can not be roughly parallel to other one or more main shafts.In some embodiments, be arranged together with LRF to The main shaft of few major part micro-structure is tilted relative to the longitudinal axis of LRF；In other embodiments, it is arranged together with LRF All micro-structures main shaft relative to longitudinal axis X tilt.In other words, the master of the longitudinal axis and at least one micro-structure Angle between axis limits drift angle, as shown in Fig. 4 B and Fig. 4 F.Drift angle B is in the range of 1 degree to 90 degree, or extremely at 20 degree In the range of 70 degree, or in the range of 70 degree to 90 degree.It should be noted that drift angle B can be from the longitudinal axis of LRF along up time Needle orientation measurement, or measured in the counterclockwise direction from longitudinal axis.For the sake of simplicity, the discussion in entire the application describes just Drift angle.

Various width and length can be set into the LRF product of the disclosure.In some embodiments, LRF can be with can Web form with the various width W for being suitable for expected final usage provides.For example, in some embodiments, it is a roll of LRF can have the width W of no more than about 15.25 centimetres (6 inches), or in some embodiments, can have no more than about 7 The width W of millimeter.

Example:

Several LRF products are prepared and tested as described below.Each sample uses hot melt mixing/application system system It makes.

Example 1:

In first experiment, 11 LRF products for being identified as batch 1 to 11 are manufactured, the LRF product has Fig. 4 D Shown in overall structure.Table 1 provides the composition compound of third layer 430.The first row of table 1 identifies the LRF of batch 1 to 11 Product.Secondary series provides the LRF using reflectance test ASTM E903 measurement to the reflectivity of sunlight.Third column and the Four column identify the main component material of third layer 430 and the weight percent of main component respectively.5th column and the 6th column difference Identify the accessory constituent material of third layer 430 and the weight percent of the second component.Second component is to be included for increasing The additive of the peel adhesion of third layer 430.7th column are provided using the ASTM D3330,14 third layer 430 tested Peel adhesion.The part test method D 14.1 has following modification:

Sample is cut into 1 inch (25.4 millimeters) wide

1 " long masking tape is superimposed upon the 1/2 " place of beginning of test strip, as the handle grabbed for hand

Ensure that the adhesive removing height on sample is 1/2 " (+/- 1/8 ")

Peeling layer is touched to guarantee that peeling layer starts to be tensioned

Average retardation with 1 second starts peel test

Under per minute 18 " speed, being averaged for peel strength is carried out on 20 seconds splitting times

All material 73F, 50% relative humidity (RH) under adapted to and tested.

Table 1

It is appreciated that batch 9 and batch 11 show particularly preferred reflectance value.The batch 11 of LRF is shown than batch 9 Better peel adhesion values, and additional electric test is carried out, the results are shown in Table 2.Table 2 is shown through ASTM D257 The volume resistivity and resistance value of two samples of the batch 11 of the LRF measured.The first row of table 2 identifies being surveyed for batch 11 Two samples of amount.The secondary series of table 2 lists the volume resistivity of sample obtained according to thickness and probe size.Table 2 Third column provide the resistance of the practical calculating of sample.

Table 2

Sample	Volume resistivity	Resistance
				Ωcm	Ω
Coiled material 11	1.8E+16	1.2E+13
			Coiled material 11	1.8E+16	1.3E+13

Resistance test setting: it has been shown that when component is assembled and is laminated as shown in Figure 5, the resistance and body of LRF product Product resistivity value can reliably duplicate measurements, wherein the setting of LRF product 530 two 5mm PV bus belts 521,522 it Between.Then resistance is measured between the first bus belt 521 and the second bus belt 522.PV bus belt 521,52 stretches out PV module Laminate 540 is to provide electric measurement point.In acceptable construction expected typical measure megaohm within the scope of (1x10E12).Material with these resistivity measurements is considered as electrical isolation.As shown in Figure 6 A and 6 B, PV module quilt It is configured to two kinds of configurations.In the first modular configuration as shown in Figure 6A, LRF 530 is applied to the back side of PV battery, is such as schemed Shown in 6A.In the second modular structure as shown in Figure 6B, LRF 530 is applied to backboard, as shown in Figure 6B.

Electrical Characteristics are carried out to the sample of the LRF of batch 11.The knot of the electrology characteristic of test module is provided in table 3 Fruit.The first row of table 3 identifies test module.The secondary series of table 3 provides the CONSTRUCTED SPECIFICATION of test module.In some samples In, entire LRF has used a monolith to install adhesive tape.In other samples, LRF is mounted with the installation adhesive tape of smaller piece, is claimed For patch.The third column of table 3 provide the open-circuit voltage Voc of test module.Test module is provided in the 4th column of table 3 Short circuit current Isc, and the maximum power output Pmax of test module is provided in the 5th column of table 3.In the 6th column of table 3 In, percentage gain of the maximum power output also with test module compared to the contrast module for not including LRF indicates.Table 3

Example 2

In second experiment, the LRF product that 13 labels are 1 to 13 is manufactured, the LRF product has Fig. 4 D Shown in overall structure.Table 4 provides the composition compound of the third layer 430 about these batches.The first row of table 4 identifies LRF product 1 to 13.Secondary series and third column identify the main component material of third layer 430 and the weight of main component respectively Percentage.4th column and the 5th column identify the second component material of third layer 430 and the weight percent of the second component respectively. The second component is added to enhance the peel adhesion of the third layer 430 of LRF.The 6th column and the 7th column of table 4 identify the respectively Three layer 430 of third component material and the weight percent of third component.The 8th column and the 9th column of table 4 identify third respectively The weight percent of 4th component material and the 4th component of layer 430.Third component and the 4th component improve the optics of third layer Quality.The third component identified in table 4 is UV absorbent, and the 4th component identified in table 4 is to make third layer material The hindered amine light stabilizer of optical stabilization.

Table 4

The testing setup described before use tests batch 1 to 13.Use fluke voltage ohmmeter (Fluke VOMeter), (Keithley) 2400 power supply metering units and Quadtech 1868D when lucky apply 100V direct current on LRF It is measured in the case where voltage.Resistivity measurements are as shown in table 5.

Table 5 --- with the sample measurement resistance being placed on Teflon plate

The first row of table 5 identifies the batch 1 to 13 of tested LRF.Second column of table 5 identifies each of tested The sample of batch.3rd column provide the resistivity measurements obtained using fluke voltage ohmmeter；When 4th column offer uses lucky The resistivity measurements that 2400 SMU are obtained；And the 5th column are provided to be surveyed using the resistance that Quadtech 1868D megameter obtains Magnitude.Caused by the difference of resistivity measurements is the voltage applied due to different instruments.(fluke voltage ohmmeter has 9V electricity Pond power supply, Keithley 2400SMU uses 21V power supply, and Quadtech 1868 uses 100V power supply.) work as Quadtech Failure lamp indicator on 1868 shine (meaning that surveyed electric current is more than 2 milliamperes when 100V) when, occur not passing through.

Table 6 is provided about the thickness (the 10th column) of LRF batch 1 to 13 and average peel adhesion measured value the (the 11st Column), wherein the 1st to 9 column are identical as in table 4.

Table 6 --- composition of raw material, thickness and removing average value

Batch 10 and 11 shows good peel adhesion performance, and also performance is good in electrical isolation test.

Example 3

Two parts silastic material WACKER that can also will be obtained from Wacker Chemie AG (Munich, Germany)It is assessed as LRF third layer (element 430 as shown in Figure 4 D).Use 1.5 parts of A, 1.0 parts of B preparation coatings Solution.The material is stirred 1 minute in 250ml plastic beaker, to be sufficiently mixed composition.Then use knife type coater will Coating solution is applied on the reflecting surface of LRF.Two kinds of thickness are formed by this composition.Each sample is placed in 150 DEG C In baking oven and allow to harden 1 hour.Then sample is taken out and is cooled down from baking oven.Table 7, which provides, uses previously discussed electricity The resistivity measurements for the silicon rubber sample that resistance measurement test equipment obtains.

Table 7

Example 4

The LRF product of the basic structure of preparation and test with Fig. 4 D.By the way that curable materials are expressed into aluminium reflecting layer Third layer that is upper and forming LRF, wherein curable resin here is, for example, EVA.Here E.I.Du Pont Company can be selected in EVASeries is (such as150,250,260,PV 1300Z,3135SB), (PV280, PV282, E182, the E283F) of Hanwha Corporation, BASF AG (V5110J, 6110M) the EVA resin being commercialized with other.EVA resin (one or more mixing) 95% selected from the above trade mark, crosslinking agent Tert-butyl hydroperoxide carbonic acid -2- ethylhexyl (OO-tert-butyl O- (2-ethylhexyl) Monoperoxycarbonate) 1%, light absorber UV531 1.2%, light stabilizer Tinuvin 622 0.6%, coupling agent Methacrylic acid 3- (trimethoxysilyl) propyl ester (3-Trimethoxysilyl-propyl-methacrylate) 2.2% is expressed into aluminium reflecting layer after mixing.Herein, selected EVA resin will meet in 2.16kg weight and at 190 degrees Celsius Under conditions of every 10 minutes 0.1g to 10g, 0.1g to 20g or 0.1g to the melt flow index between 30g, this can guarantee Third layer can guarantee the stability of size in the laminating technology that solar battery assembles, and flow over after will not melting because of EVA heat Lead to aluminium layer exposure greatly.Wherein, extruder is set as 90 degrees Celsius.Prepare the third layer, 100 μ m-thicks for being respectively provided with 70 μ m-thicks Three test modules of third layer and the third layer of 200 μ m-thicks.

LRF product is 5mm wide, and is placed between solar battery, wherein the sun in configuration shown in Fig. 3 A There is the gap of 3mm between energy battery.Before being laminated, the cross pattern that spacing is 2mm is drawn on the outer surface of sub-component.

Fig. 7 shows 70 μm of test sub-components, 100 μm of test sub-components and 200 μm of test sub-components before being laminated. Fig. 8 shows 70 μm of test sub-components, 100 μm of test sub-components and the 200 μm of test sub-components after lamination.The ratio of Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 Relatively show the surface deformation caused by being laminated.In each sample, the center after lamination in test sample is almost without surface Deformation.After lamination, the edge of the test sample of the third layer with 70 μ m-thicks shows some contractions, and has 200 μ The edge of the test sample of the third layer of m thickness shows some expansions.After lamination, the survey of the third layer with 100 μ m-thicks Test agent has almost no change (contraction or expansion).

It is tested by EL (electroluminescent) as shown in Figure 9 including the third layer with 70 μ m-thicks, the third of 100 μ m-thicks The electrical insulation capability of three test modules (4 battery modules) of the LRF of the third layer of layer and 200 μ m-thicks.Including having 70 μm The EL image of the test module of the LRF of thick third layer is shown in Figure 10 A, the LRF's including the third layer with 100 μ m-thicks The EL image of test module is shown in fig. 1 ob, and the EL of the test module of the LRF including the third layer with 200 μ m-thicks Image is shown in fig 1 oc.EL image shown in Figure 10 A to Figure 10 C indicates that there is no short circuits between the battery of module.

Alternatively, forming LRF by will be expressed on aluminium reflecting layer as the POE of curable materials (polyolefin elastomer) Third layer.POE can be selected (8842,7256) of Dow Chemical, Mitsui Chemicals, Inc (DF605, DF640, DF740, DF7350) and other commercialization POE resin raw material.POE resin (one or more mixing) selected from the above trade mark 96%, crosslinking agent tert-butyl hydroperoxide carbonic acid -2- ethylhexyl (OO-tert-butyl O- (2-ethylhexyl) Monoperoxycarbonate) 1%, the ultraviolet absorbent UV-531 1.2% of BASF AG, the light of BASF AG is steady Determine agent Tinvin 622 0.6%, coupling agent methacrylic acid 3- (trimethoxysilyl) propyl ester (3- Trimethoxysilyl-propyl-methacrylate) 1.2% it is expressed into aluminium reflecting layer after mixing.Herein, selected POE resin to meet in 2.16kg weight and at 190 degrees Celsius under conditions of every 10 minutes 0.1g to 10g, 0.1g to 20g or For 0.1g to the melt flow index between 30g, this can guarantee that third layer can in the laminating technology that solar battery assembles Guarantee size stability, flowed after will not melting because of POE heat it is excessive cause aluminium layer exposure.

It is desirable that the sunlight being incident on the LRF in solar cell module is by LRF to be greater than at air module surface Critical angle angle reflection.Figure 11 be depict the sectional view of a part of PV module 1100, and show sunlight with The interaction of LRF 1110.The part of PV module shown in Figure 11 includes solar battery 1102；It is arranged in the sun Welding 1104 on energy battery 1102；LRF 1110；Sealant 1140；And such as glass cover-plate of front side layer layer 1130.

Sunlight 1199 is incident on LRF 1110 and is reflected by LRF, as indicated by reflection light 1198.Reflection Light 1198 is by LRF 1110 to be greater than critical angle for total internal reflection θ_criticalAngle ω (from the vertical line of air module outer interface Rise and survey) reflection.For typical glass, critical angle θ_critical=asin (1/n_glass) 42 degree of ≈, wherein n_glassIt is glass Refractive index.For the module with other front side layer layers, θ is defined using the index of front side layer layer_critical.To be greater than the angle of ω The light of degree reflection undergoes total internal reflection (TIR) at the 1130a of air module interface.The light reflected by LRF 1100 is in air module TIR is undergone at the 1130a of interface, and the surface of solar battery 1102 is returned to for absorbing by reflection 1197.As shown in figure 11, Normal incident light beam 1199 can undergo about 26 degree of drift angle δ before the TIR of glass front side layer layer disappearance.

Solar cell module tracks the sun sometimes, but does not track more often.Non-tracking module itself has certain The asymmetry of kind degree, this is because the sun can all change in a whole day and 1 year relative to the position of module.Unless another It is described, otherwise example herein is related to light redirecting films and solar cell module designed for the Northern Hemisphere, but institute is public The method opened also can be applied to the light redirecting films and solar cell module designed for the Southern Hemisphere.Sunlight is relative to PV Variation was up to 180 degree (to the east of west) and in 1 year by up to 47 degree of variation in one day by the incidence angle in the face of module (from north to south).Conoscopic figure shown in Figure 12 is the cone light representations of the sun's way of 45 degree of positions of north latitude.It is included in the disclosure Conoscopic figure in content uses following agreement: the center of conoscopic figure is zenith；East is shown functionally in 3 Dot Clock positions；North indicates For in 12 Dot Clock positions.At the Summer Solstice, the sun is moved along the camber line at the center near conoscopic figure as track.In Winter Solstice When, the sun is moved along the farthest camber line in the center apart from conoscopic figure as track.

Figure 19 C is to show the figure of the tilt angle and orientation angles of solar energy module.In solar cell module and too In the case that positive path is narrowly focused towards, almost can only it be guided in the angle limited by the TIR at outside air-glass interface The light reflected from LRF.The conoscopic figure provided in Figure 13 shows the efficiency for the LRF towards southern solar cell module, the LRF Main shaft with the structure along thing axes orientation.In this example, solar cell module is inclined relative to gravity direction Tiltedly θ=45 degree, and solar cell module is located at the position of north latitude α=45 degree.Incline in conjunction with Figure 19 A to Figure 19 C to latitude (latitude tilt) is further described at oblique angle.

In Figure 13, the efficiency of exemplary solar cell is superimposed on the sun's way conoscopic figure of Figure 12.Figure 13 shows The angle that LRF effectively captures the reflected light of solar cell module is gone out.LRF efficiency is shown with gray scale, wherein clear zone efficiency Highest, dark space efficiency are minimum.Figure 13 proves that LRF is effective in the range of substantially entire sun's way.Solar battery It is the master for causing efficiency to reduce that material of the module in sunlight and reflector of the air module interface to external reflectance, which absorbs, Want factor.

Figure 14 is to show the sectional view of the angle for the LRF structure 1400 for substantially forming triangle.Structure 1400 has the On one side 1401 and second face 1402.Bottom surface 1403 is extended between the first face 1401 and the second face 1402.First face 1401 with Bottom surface 1403 forms first angle β₁.Second face 1402 forms angle beta with bottom surface 1403₂.First face 1401 and the second face 1402 exist Corner angle β is formed at the peak of structure₀.Some embodiments described herein are related to asymmetric LRF product comprising tool There are unequal length and unequal-side angle (i.e. β₁≠β₂) face catoptric arrangement.For example, in some unsymmetric structures, a face Length at least 10% or at least 15% may be differed with the length in another face.In some embodiments, corner angle β₀ Can be between 110 degree to 130 degree, for example, about 120 degree.Face angle beta₁5 degree can be greater than or greater than 10 degree but less than 55 degree, and And it can be with β₂At least 5 degree of difference.Face angle beta₂It can be according to equality beta₂=180- β₀-β₁To calculate.Some embodiments are related to: Solar cell module comprising the LRF product with asymmetric reflective structure；The method for manufacturing solar cell module；And The method for installing solar cell module.Angle referred herein is the maximum inscribed triangle in the correspondence cross section of prism Angle.

For symmetrical LRF (i.e. β₁=β₂) for, the best light that will appear PV module within the angle for supporting TIR is collected Efficiency.When PV module is in latitude-tilt angle (θ=α), support that the maximum incident angle of the module of TIR is θ_i,max。

Wherein, η_EIt is the refractive index of the medium around LRF, β is the angle in face, i.e. β₁And β₂.In one example, for For 30 ° -120 ° -30 ° of micro-structure, θ_i,max=26.566 °, wherein the corner angle of micro-structure is 120 degree, and face angle Degree is respectively 30 degree, is refracted rate and is surrounded by 1.482 medium.Sun's way changes around the central ray of sun's way 23.45°.For latitude-tilt towards southern PV module, when reflecting from LRF, all incident lights will experiences total internal reflection.It is right In for (26.566 ° -23.45 °) of latitude-tilt=3.116 ° of tilted modules, 30 ° -120 ° -30 ° of micro-structure is not Need to change face angle degree.These, which are calculated, assumes that the module is oriented such that the main shaft of LRF along thing axes orientation.

When air module interface provides TIR, it is important that the inclination angle of solar cell module and solar battery Difference between the installation latitude of module is in acceptable range.When the inclination angle of solar cell module is selected as making Solar cell module photovoltaic active surface perpendicular to sun's way central ray when, with symmetric reflective structure LRF provides optimal TIR in air module interface.In the installation point for being located at equator, the optimal module inclination of symmetrical LRF angle Angle is 0 degree.In the installation point for being different from equator, optimal module inclination angle is equal to installation point latitude.However, being not always that can incite somebody to action The inclination angle of module matches with installation point latitude.The use of symmetrical LRF provides the TIR of suboptimum in air module interface.It is non- The difference of symmetrical LRF structure compensation between solar energy module inclination angle and installation point latitude.

Place limitation or wind load require or other reasons may prevent solar cell module in installation point latitude Inclination angle in 3.116 degree of degree is tilted.When the difference between module tilt angle and installation point latitude is greater than 3.116 degree When, the efficiency decline of LRF.Figure 15 is to show to be superimposed upon on sun's way conoscopic figure, 45 ° of positions of north latitude and be parallel to ground PV module (0 ° of module tilt angle) LRF efficiency conoscopic figure, that specify significant loss in efficiency.Clear zone efficiency highest, Dark space efficiency is minimum.As shown in figure 15, in addition near the Summer Solstice, LRF efficiency is reduced.

Only when the inclination angle of solar cell module be equal to installation point latitude, and module on the Northern Hemisphere in orientation be positive South or when being oriented to due north in the Southern Hemisphere, module can just have the central ray of the sun's way vertical with Modular surface.It is right In other module tilt angles and orientation, which will not be perpendicular to module.When the inclination angle of solar cell module is differed When installation point latitude, and/or when module on the Northern Hemisphere in be not oriented to due south or be not oriented to due north in the Southern Hemisphere when, repair Poor efficiency can be corrected by changing LRF catoptric arrangement.

Embodiment discussed herein be related to include asymmetric reflective structure sun light redirecting films.These reflections The asymmetry of structure at least partly compensates the installation of solar energy module, in these installations, the inclination of module Angle not equal to installation point latitude and/or module on the Northern Hemisphere in orientation be not due south or its orientation is not in the Southern Hemisphere Due north.In these embodiments, for the installation in the Northern Hemisphere, the face towards south is shorter than face toward the north, and in the Southern Hemisphere Installation in, face toward the north is shorter than the face towards south.It can be from the folding of the medium around latitude (α), module tilt angle (θ) and LRF Rate (η) is penetrated to export the general formula of the triangle for structure.

According to various embodiments, for being orientated to the solar cell module in due south, the LRF prism in the Northern Hemisphere can root It modifies according to following formula.Face towards south can be β_s, the face of North facing can be β_n, in which:

And

In view of solar irradiation and incidence angle, LRF efficiency can be calculated for the time in 1 year.LRF efficiency is defined For the analog module with LRF year energy increment divided by the energy being incident on LRF ratio.Except the LRF being not optimised with And except latitude, module tilt angle, module orientation, the geometrical factor of LRF structure and the drift angle LRF, such as component part thickness and The factor of absorptivity etc also will affect the apparent efficiency of LRF.Table 9 outlines the performance of following LRF module, in which: 1) symmetrical Structure (equal face angle degree), is in 45 ° of north latitude, 45 ° of module tilt angles, and towards southern (γ=0 °)；2) symmetrical structure (equal face Length and equal face angle degree), 0 ° of module tilt angle and γ=0 °；3) unsymmetric structure (unequal-side length and unequal-side angle (44.25 ° -120 ° -15.75 °)), 0 ° of module tilt angle and γ=0 °；4) unsymmetric structure (unequal-side length and unequal-side angle Spend (44.25 ° -120 ° -15.75 °)), 0 ° of module tilt angle, module southwester 20 ° of deflection；And 5) unsymmetric structure (differs Face length and unequal-side angle (44.25 ° -120 ° -15.75 °)), wherein it is watched in the sun side of module, crestal line is relative to LRF Longitudinal axis along forming 20 ° of oblique angle counterclockwise, 0 ° of module tilt angle, module southwester 20 ° of deflection.As seen from Table 9, with It is compared with equal face length with the symmetrical LRF of equal face angle degree, the asymmetric LRF with unequal-side length and unequal-side angle Situation for module tilt angle not equal to latitude-tilt angle provides higher efficiency.

Table 9

Condition	Configuration	LRF year efficiency
			1	Symmetrical grooves α=45 °, θ=45 ° and γ=0 °	71.43%
2	Symmetrical grooves α=45 °, θ=0 ° and γ=0 °	45.1%
			3	α=45 ° asymmetric groove #1, θ=0 ° and γ=0 °	69.7%
4	α=45 ° asymmetric groove #1, θ=0 ° and γ=20 °	63.1%
			5	α=45 ° asymmetric groove #1, θ=0 ° and γ=20 °, B=-20 °	69.7%

Figure 16 A, Figure 16 B and Figure 17 provide the view of LRF product, these LRF products are similar to previously in many aspects The LRF product in conjunction with discussed in Fig. 4 A to Fig. 4 E.For example, being used to form the material of the layer of LRF product shown in Fig. 4 A to Fig. 4 E Material and technology are also useful for the LRF product for forming Figure 16 A, Figure 16 B and Figure 17.It is shown in Figure 16 A, Figure 16 B and Figure 17 LRF product 1600,1700 and Fig. 4 C to Fig. 4 E LRF product the difference is that, third layer is not shown and is optional 's.LRF product 1600,1700 shown in Figure 16 A, Figure 16 B and Figure 17 depicts asymmetric triangular structure, wherein triangle The face length and face angle degree of shape structure are unequal.

Figure 16 A be according to the perspective view of the LRF product 1600 with asymmetric reflective structure 1650 of some embodiments, And Figure 16 B is the sectional view of the LRF product 1600.LRF product 1600 is flexible, and can be such as Figure 16 A and Figure 16 B institute Show and is laid flat.LRF product 1600 includes the first layer 1610 with structured surface, which includes multiple asymmetric Structure 1650.In cross section, each structure 1650 forms triangle, wherein the length in face 1651,1652 is unequal and face angle Spend β₁、β₂It is unequal.Corner angle β₀It can be between 110 degree to 130 degree.It is configured to make the reflecting layer of sun light-redirecting 1620 are arranged above structure 1650, and the reflecting layer 1620 can be arranged directly on the surface of structure 1650, as schemed institute Show.The thickness of film 1600 can be in the range of about 25 μm to about 150 μm.The thickness of the second layer 1620 can be in about 30nm to about Between 100nm.Model of the height h of each structure between the paddy 1655 and adjacent peak 1654 of structure at about 5 μm to about 25 μm In enclosing.From in Figure 16 A and Figure 16 B as it can be seen that each first face 1651 is located in plane.The plane in the first face 1651 of LRF 1600 It can be substantially parallel.

Figure 17 is the sectional view according to the LRF product 1700 of some embodiments.LRF product 1700 is similar in many aspects In the LRF product 1600 of Figure 16 A and Figure 16 B.LRF product 1700 includes structure 1750, which forms non-in cross section Symmetrical triangle, the asymmetric triangle have unequal first face 1751 and the second face 1752 and unequal face angle degree β₁And β₂.LRF product 1700 and LRF product 1600 the difference is that, first layer 1710 be include opposite non-there are two tools The multilayered structure of first sublayer 1711 of structuring main surface and the second sublayer of structuring 1712 with structured surface, it is described Structured surface includes asymmetric triangular structure 1750.It is configured to make the reflecting layer 1720 of sun light-redirecting to be arranged second Above the structured surface of sublayer or it is set up directly on the structured surface of the second sublayer.

In some embodiments, the first sublayer includes the first material, and the second sublayer includes to be different from the first material The second material, as being discussed in more detail above.First sublayer 1711 can have between about 50 μm and about 100 μm Thickness T13, and the second sublayer 1712 of first layer can have the thickness T14 in about 7 μm to about 31 μ ms.Such as figure Shown in 17, in some embodiments, connecing between the paddy 1755 of the structure 1750 in the first sublayer and the second sublayer 1712 The thickness T15 for closing area (land) 1712a can be between about 2 μm to about 6 μm.

For the installation of many solar energy modules, face to face 1651,1652 and the length in face 1751,1752 differ each other At least about 9.5% and/or face angle beta₁With face angle beta₂When differing by more than 5 degree each other, the sunlight collection of enhancing can be obtained. In some embodiments, for example, the length in face can differ at least about 10% or at least about 15%.

In various embodiments, a face angle beta in face angle degree₁Can be greater than 5 degree or less than 55 degree, or be greater than 10 degree and less than 50 degree.Another side angle beta₂Equal to 180- β₀-β₁.In some embodiments, β₁<β₂And ratio β₁/β₂It is less than 0.92.In other embodiments, β₂<β₁And ratio β₂/β₁Less than 0.92.Angle referred herein is the correspondence section of prism The angle of maximum inscribed triangle in region.

Including having such as the unsymmetric structure of Figure 16 A, Figure 16 B and unequal-side length depicted in figure 17 and face angle degree LRF product can provide the solar battery of higher efficiency when the inclination angle of PV module is not most ideal for installation point latitude Module.Figure 18 A is to be superimposed upon on sun's way, expression to be parallel to ground (0 ° of module tilt angle) and in 45 ° of positions of north latitude PV module (condition 3 in table 9) asymmetric LRF (44.25 ° -120 ° -15.75 °) specific example conoscopic figure.Figure 18 A Conoscopic figure show compared with the conoscopic figure of Figure 13 and Figure 15: it is as discussed herein with asymmetric reflective structure LRF can provide the efficiency of raising for the situation of non-optimal setting angle.

It is anti-in the air module interface of solar cell module that the degree of asymmetry of triangular structure is configured to enhancing LRF The TIR for the light penetrated.According to some embodiments, the sun light redirecting films being configured for mount in solar cell module include Multiple asymmetric reflective prism structures, the multiple asymmetric reflective prism structure had in the Autumnal Equinox and the Spring Equinox --- such as September 21 days and March 21 --- when refraction sun's way plane in the main shaft that is orientated.Refraction sun's way plane be The plane of sun's way when light enters solar cell module after the refraction of light experience.LRF can be configured and disposed At entangling the asymmetry of catoptric arrangement to the difference between the inclination angle and installation point latitude of solar cell module Just, to provide optimal TIR in air module interface.

In some installations, it is impossible to which module is oriented such that the longitudinal axis and thing axis of solar cell module Alignment.In these cases, following structures be can have for the LRF of the module: longitudinal axis of its main shaft relative to LRF Form inclination drift angle.Therefore, the drift angle of LRF can be used for compensating the orientation of solar cell module.In some embodiment party In formula, LRF object form can be selected according to specific infield, such as be made in final installation, reflexive micro- knot The main shaft of structure is lain substantially in the plane limited by the refraction sun's way at infield when spring and fall equinoxes.For example, In some embodiments, the main shaft deviation of structure is limited by the refraction sun's way at infield when spring and fall equinoxes Plane is no more than 45 degree, optionally deviates and is not surpassed by the plane that the refraction sun's way at infield when spring and fall equinoxes limits 20 degree are crossed, and deviates put down by what the refraction sun's way at infield when spring and fall equinoxes limited in some embodiments Face is no more than 5 degree.In some embodiments, the main shaft of structure substantially with by infield spring and fall equinoxes when refraction The co-planar that sun's way limits.As illustrated in U.S. Patent Publication text 20170104121, the master of its structure is used The LRF of axis and the co-planar limited by the refraction sun's way at infield when spring and fall equinoxes, even if in module sheet In the case that body is without being so aligned, the optical efficiency of solar cell module still can be improved, passed through reference for the U.S. Patent Publication is added to herein.Best drift angle B relative to module longitudinal axis is latitude α, module tilt angle θ and mould The function of block angle of orientation γ:

Wherein θ ≠ 0 and γ ≠ 0.Note that referring to that the longitudinal axis of solar cell module has pre-supposed that the module is square Shape module, wherein the length of the module is greater than width.Longitudinal axis along module distribution of lengths, and width axis along Width distribution.Place limitation or wind load require or other reasons may interfere with solar cell module be positioned to due south (γ= 0°).When module orientation is not due south, the efficiency of LRF is reduced.Figure 18 B be superimposed upon it is on sun's way, show and be parallel to ground Face (0 ° of module tilt angle) and be orientated in 45 ° of positions of north latitude and module towards southwest 20 ° PV module asymmetric LRF The conoscopic figure of the efficiency of (39.86 ° -120 ° -20.14 °) (condition 4 of table 9).Compared with Figure 18 A, the efficiency of LRF is in phase summer Between morning (3 o'clock position near) in Figure 18 B decline.Reduced efficiency can be overcome by the biasing of LRF, so that Apparently, crestal line forms 20 ° of oblique angle (condition 5 of table 9) relative to the longitudinal axis edge of LRF counterclockwise for the sun side of module.Figure 18C be superimposed upon it is on sun's way, show and be parallel to ground (0 ° of module tilt angle) and in 45 ° of positions of north latitude and mould Block is orientated the conoscopic figure of the efficiency of the asymmetric LRF (39.86 ° -120 ° -20.14 °) of 20 ° of PV module towards southwest, wherein LRF Crestal line form 20 ° of oblique angle relative to LRF longitudinal axis.

Some embodiments are related to solar cell module 1900 as shown in Figure 19A and Figure 19B, the solar battery mould Block 1900 includes multiple solar batteries 1902.Solar cell module has along the length LD of length axes and along width The width WD of axis, wherein LD > WD.Note that z-axis is divided along the length (from top to bottom) of the page in Figure 19A and Figure 19B Cloth.One or more photovoltaics that module 1900 is arranged in flexible sun light redirecting films 1910 including catoptric arrangement are nonactive Overlying regions.Solar battery 1902 is arranged between backboard and front side layer layer, which is arranged in solar battery Above 1902 photovoltaic active surface.Front side layer layer 1905 includes the outer surface of module being located at module-Air Interface.

Module 1900 may be mounted at such as rotation angle γ indicated in Figure 19 A and as indicated by Figure 19 B Tilt angle theta infield at.In some installations, solar cell module is arranged in solar cell module 1900 At the infield that azimuth is not zero.The module can tilt and the unequal tilt angle of the latitude of infield.At this In the case of kind, the angle and solar energy module of the central ray of the sun's way between the sun and sun light redirecting films 1910 1900 out of plumb.The asymmetry of the structure of sun light redirecting films can compensate central ray and the solar energy face of sun's way Out of plumb between plate 1900.The drift angle of sun light redirecting films 1910 can compensate the non-null direction of solar energy module 1900 Angle.When the asymmetry and angle of deviation of the structure by light redirecting films 1910 compensate the inclination angle of suboptimum and the orientation of suboptimum When both angles, the central ray of sunlight is redirected by sun light redirecting films 1910, and to be greater than the critical of total internal reflection The angle at angle is intersected with module-Air Interface.

Figure 19 C provides the tiltangleθ of solar cell module 1900c and another diagram of rotation angle γ.Figure 19 C is shown Relative to x-axis (Dong-west), the solar cell module 1900c of y-axis (North-south) and z-axis setting.The solar cell module With width axis 1957 and longitudinal axis 1956.Figure 19 C is included in equinox day (for example, March 21 and September 21 days) Sun's way plane 1955, wherein the x-z-plane rotation alpha shown in of plane 1955.Tiltangleθ is module flat and x-y Angle between plane.Rotation angle γ is the angle between the projection on the x-y plane of module width axis 1956 and y-z plane Degree.

Referring again to Figure 19 A, module 1900 includes solar battery 1902, is arranged along the length axes LD of module 1900 Column are embarked on journey and are arranged in column along the width axis WD of module 1900.As previously combined discussed in Fig. 1, LRF be can be set Above welding, it is arranged between the row of solar battery 1902, is arranged between the column of solar battery 1902, and/or set It sets in other photovoltaic non-active regions of module 1900.

As previously combined discussed in Figure 16 A and Figure 16 B, the surface in first face each of LRF 1,600 1651 is located at plane In.Figure 16 A and Figure 16 B show a part of LRF 1600, and in the portion, all planes in all first faces 1651 are substantially It is parallel to each other.According to some embodiments, solar cell module includes into the band of LRF, is arranged in the form of LRF band Above welding, it is arranged between being expert at, is arranged between column, or is arranged in other regions.LRF band, which can be set into, to be made The plane for obtaining the plane in the first face of the first band and the second face of second strip is substantially parallel.Alternatively, LRF band can be set It is not parallel relative to the plane in the first face of second strip at the plane in the first face for making the first band.

According to some embodiments, LRF band is arranged in above the welding of module so that LRF band along it is rows of too Positive energy battery is laid.The plane in all first faces of the LRF band of adjacent rows of solar battery can substantially be put down each other Row.In some ways of realization, the plane that all first faces of the LRF band above welding are arranged in is substantially parallel to one another.

As discussed previously, LRF can be set between the row of solar battery, such as be set in the form of LRF band It sets between line of solar cells.According to some ways of realization, the first face of the LRF between the row of solar battery is set Plane is substantially parallel to one another.Additionally or alternatively, LRF can be set between the column of solar battery, such as with LRF item The form setting of band is between solar battery column.According to some ways of realization, the LRF between the column of solar battery is set The plane in all first faces be substantially parallel to one another.

In some embodiments, it is arranged in module --- for example it is arranged in the form of LRF band along welding, is arranged Between being expert at and/or be arranged between column etc. --- LRF the first face all planes it is parallel to each other.

The method for manufacturing flexible sun light redirecting films includes forming first layer, which has the first main surface and the Two main surfaces, the second main surface include multiple structures.Each structure is in the section intercepted perpendicular to the first main surface in substantially Triangle.The first face and the second face of structure leave the first main surface and extend to vertex of a triangle.The length in the first face and the The length difference at least 10% in two faces.The second layer is deposited in the structure of first layer, so that the second layer is consistent with the planform. The second layer is configured to the sun light-redirecting made Ru She on the second layer.

The flexible sun light redirecting films discussed in aforementioned paragraphs can be incorporated into solar cell module.Solar-electricity Pond module is formed and multiple solar batteries are arranged in pattern, wherein the photovoltaic active surface face of photovoltaic cell To common direction.Flexibility sun light redirecting films as described above are located in one or more photovoltaics of solar cell module In non-active region.Solar battery is electrically connected.Solar battery and sun light redirecting films are encapsulated in backboard and front side Between layer.

Solar cell module discussed herein may be mounted at infield.Solar cell module combines Light redirecting films with unsymmetric structure, wherein the first face of these structures is shorter than the second face.Solar cell module can pacify At infield so that on the Northern Hemisphere the first face of sun light redirecting films generally facing south or towards equator, and The first face of sun light redirecting films is generally facing north or towards equator in the Southern Hemisphere.Installing solar cell module can be into one Step is related to being substantially aligned with the main shaft of these structures along the thing axis of infield.In some ways of realization, these The main shaft of structure is aligned along east-west direction, and the length direction of solar cell module is arranged to thing axis at one Determine angle.

The list of illustrated embodiment

Following implementation is listed to illustrate the special characteristic of the disclosure, and it is restrictive for being not intended to.

A kind of embodiment 1: device, comprising:

Flexible sun light redirecting films, the flexibility sun light redirecting films include:

First layer, the first layer have the first main surface and the second main surface, and second main surface includes multiple knots Structure, each structure of second main surface have a maximum triangle, the triangle can be inscribed in the edge of structure perpendicular to First main surface and the cross section intercepted, the triangle have the first face and the second face, first face and described It leaves first main surface and extends to the vertex of a triangle, the length of the length in first face and second face in two faces Degree difference at least 10%；And

The second layer, the second layer setting are consistent over the structure and with the planform, the second layer construction At making incident sun light-redirecting on the second layer.

Embodiment 2: according to device described in embodiment 1, wherein the length in first face and second face Length difference at least 15%.

Embodiment 3: the device according to any one of embodiment 1 to 2, wherein the first layer has The light transmission of an average of at least 50% spectrally of sunlight.

Embodiment 4: the device according to any one of embodiment 1 to 3, wherein the first layer has The average light transmission less than 50% spectrally of sunlight.

Embodiment 5: the device according to any one of embodiment 1 to 4, wherein the first layer includes poly- Close object material.

Embodiment 6: the device according to any one of embodiment 1 to 5, wherein the thickness of the film is about In the range of 25 μm to about 150 μm.

Embodiment 7: the device according to any one of embodiment 1 to 6, wherein the first layer and described One or both of second layer is multilayered structure.

Embodiment 8: the device according to any one of embodiment 1 to 7, wherein the first layer includes:

First sublayer, first sublayer include first main surface and the second main surface；And second sublayer, it is described Second sublayer is arranged in second main surface and including the structure.

Embodiment 9: according to device described in embodiment 8, wherein first sublayer includes the first material, and Second sublayer includes second material different from first material.

Embodiment 10: according to device described in embodiment 8, wherein

First sublayer of the first layer has the thickness between about 50 μm to about 100 μm；And

Second sublayer of the first layer has thickness in the range of about 7 μm to about 31 μm.

Embodiment 11: according to device described in embodiment 10, wherein

The height between the paddy and adjacent peak of the structure of each structure of second sublayer is at about 5 μm to about 25 In the range of μm；And

The thickness of the bonding land between first sublayer and the paddy of the structure of second sublayer at about 2 μm extremely Between about 6 μm.

Embodiment 12: the device according to any one of embodiment 1 to 11, wherein the thickness of the second layer Degree is about 30nm to about 150nm.

Embodiment 13: the device according to any one of embodiment 1 to 12, wherein the second layer includes Metal coating.

Embodiment 14: the device according to any one of embodiment 1 to 13, wherein the second layer is aluminium Layer.

Embodiment 15: the device according to any one of embodiment 1 to 14, wherein the second layer is more Layer inteferometer coating.

Embodiment 16: the device according to any one of embodiment 1 to 15, wherein each structure it is described Peak be it is elongated, be consequently formed approximately along main shaft extend crestal line.

Embodiment 17: according to device described in embodiment 16, wherein the main shaft of the crestal line is vertical with the film It is substantially parallel to axis.

Embodiment 18: according to device described in embodiment 16, wherein the main shaft of the crestal line is relative to the film Longitudinal axis formed oblique angle.

Embodiment 19: according to device described in embodiment 16, wherein the peak of at least some of described structure structure Height changes along the main shaft.

Embodiment 20: according to device described in embodiment 16, wherein the position at the peak of each structure relative to Change along the distance of the main shaft.

Embodiment 21: according to device described in embodiment 16, wherein peak heights and peak position are both along described Main shaft and change.

Embodiment 22: according to device described in embodiment 16, wherein the spacing from structure to structure is constant.

Embodiment 23: according to device described in embodiment 16, wherein the spacing from structure to structure is variation.

Embodiment 24: the device according to any one of embodiment 1 to 23, wherein in cross-section, described Structure is in identical triangular shaped.

Embodiment 25: the device according to any one of embodiment 1 to 24, wherein in cross-section, described The shape of at least some of structure structure is different from the shape of other structures.

Embodiment 26: the device according to any one of embodiment 1 to 25, wherein be provided with described second The structure of layer forms non-focusing and reflects prism.

Embodiment 27: the device according to any one of embodiment 1 to 26, wherein the triangle includes:

Corner angle β between first face and second face₀；

The first face angle beta between first face of the triangle and bottom surface₁；

The second face angle beta between second face and the bottom surface₂, wherein β₀About 110 degree to about 130 degree it Between.

Embodiment 28: according to device described in embodiment 27, wherein β₁And β₂At least 5 degree of difference.

Embodiment 29: according to device described in embodiment 27, wherein β₀It is about 120 degree.

Embodiment 30: according to device described in embodiment 27, wherein

β₁Greater than 5 degree and less than 55 degree；And

β₂Equal to 180- β₀-β₁。

Embodiment 31: according to device described in embodiment 29, wherein

β₁Greater than 10 degree and less than 50 degree；And

β 2 is equal to 180- β₀-β₁。

Embodiment 32: according to device described in embodiment 29, wherein β₁>β₂And β₂/β₁Less than 0.92.

A kind of embodiment 33: solar cell module, comprising:

Multiple solar batteries；

The solar battery is electrically connected to each other by welding, the welding；And

The light of the module is arranged in flexible sun light redirecting films (LRF), the flexibility sun light redirecting films (LRF) It lies prostrate above non-active region, the film includes:

First layer, the first layer have the first main surface and the second main surface, and second main surface includes multiple knots Structure, the maximum inscribed triangle in the cross section of each structure have the first face and the second face, first face and described Leave the peak that first main surface extends to the triangle, the length of the length in first face and second face in the second face Degree difference at least 10%；And

Embodiment 34: according to module described in embodiment 33, wherein the welding of the module is arranged in the LRF Top.

Embodiment 35: according to module described in embodiment 33, wherein the LRF is arranged in the solar battery Between or be arranged in the periphery of the module.

Embodiment 36: according to module described in embodiment 34, further includes:

Backboard；And

Front side layer layer, wherein the solar battery is arranged between the backboard and the front side layer layer, so that the sun The photovoltaic active surface of energy battery is towards the front side layer layer.

Embodiment 37: according to module described in embodiment 36, wherein the LRF is arranged so that the second layer Towards the front side layer layer.

Embodiment 38: according to module described in embodiment 36, wherein the first layer is light transmission and described One level is to the front side layer layer.

Embodiment 39: according to module described in embodiment 36, wherein the peak of each structure be it is elongated, by This forms the crestal line extended approximately along main shaft.

Embodiment 40: according to module described in embodiment 39, wherein

The module has the width along transverse axis and the length along longitudinal axis, and the length is greater than the width Degree；And

The main shaft of the crestal line and the length axes of the module are substantially parallel.

Embodiment 41: according to module described in embodiment 39, wherein

The main shaft of the crestal line forms oblique angle relative to the longitudinal axis of the module.

Embodiment 42: the module according to any one of embodiment 33 to 41, wherein

The solar battery is arranged in rows；

The LRF is arranged above the welding in the form of LRF band along the row；

The surface in each first face is located in plane；And

All planes in first face of the LRF band of adjacent solar battery row are substantially parallel to one another.

Embodiment 43: the module according to any one of embodiment 33 to 41, wherein

The solar battery is arranged in rows；

The LRF is arranged above the welding in the form of LRF band along the row；

The surface in each first face is located in plane；And

All planes that first face of the LRF band above the welding is arranged in are substantially parallel to one another.

Embodiment 44: the module according to any one of embodiment 33 to 42, wherein

The solar battery is arranged in matrix, the row and edge that there is the matrix length direction along the module to extend The column that the width direction of the module extends；

The LRF is arranged between the row of the solar battery；And

The surface in each first face is located in plane；And

Be arranged in all planes in first face of the LRF between the row of the solar battery substantially that This is parallel.

Embodiment 45: the module according to any one of embodiment 33 to 43, wherein

The LRF is arranged between the column of the solar battery；And

The surface in each first face is located in plane；And

Be arranged in all planes in first face of the LRF between the column of the solar battery substantially that This is parallel.

Embodiment 46: the module according to any one of embodiment 33 to 44, wherein

The surface in each first face is located in plane；And

All planes in first face are parallel to each other.

A kind of embodiment 47: solar cell module, comprising:

Multiple solar batteries；

The photovoltaic inactive area of the module is arranged in flexible sun light redirecting films, the flexibility sun light redirecting films Above domain, the film includes asymmetric reflective structure, can be inscribed in cutting along the surface perpendicular to the film for each structure The maximum triangle of the cross section taken has the first face and the second face, and first face and second face are left the surface and prolonged The peak of the triangle is extended to, the length in first face differs at least 10% with the length in second face；

Front side layer layer, the front side layer layer are arranged in above the photovoltaic active surface of the solar battery and including the mould The outer surface of block being located at module-Air Interface, wherein

The module is configured to be arranged at infield, so that the main shaft of the structure is along by spring and fall equinoxes When refraction sun's way limit plane setting；And

The module is configured to inclination and the unequal tilt angle of dimension of the infield so that the sun with it is described The angle of the central ray of sun's way between sun light redirecting films and the optical receiving surface of the solar energy module do not hang down Directly, the essentially all of ray and in the sun's way is redirected by the sun light redirecting films, and described Essentially all of ray in sun's way is with the angle of the critical angle greater than total internal reflection (TIR) and the module-sky Vapor interface intersection.

A kind of embodiment 48: solar cell module, comprising:

Multiple solar batteries；

The module is configured to be orientated at infield with certain azimuth so that the main shaft of the structure be located at by In the plane limited along the refraction light of sun's way when at the infield in spring and fall equinoxes；And

The module is configured to tilt the unequal inclination angle of dimension with the infield at the infield Degree, so that the angle of the central ray of the sun's way between the sun and the sun light redirecting films and the solar energy module Optical receiving surface out of plumb, and the essentially all of ray in the sun's way is by the sun light redirecting films It redirects, and the essentially all of ray in the sun's way is with the angle of the critical angle greater than total internal reflection (TIR) Degree is intersected with the module-Air Interface.

Embodiment 49: according to solar cell module described in embodiment 48, wherein the solar cell module With the length along length axes and the width along width axis, the length is greater than the width；And

The azimuth is zero so that the main shaft of the length axes of the solar cell module and the structure along The planar orientation that the sun's way of refraction when by spring and fall equinoxes limits.

Embodiment 50: according to solar cell module described in embodiment 48, wherein the solar cell module With the length along length axes and the width along width axis, and the main shaft of the structure is relative to solar-electricity The length axes of pond module form oblique angle.

Embodiment 51: a method of manufacturing flexible sun light redirecting films, which comprises

First layer is formed, the first layer has the first main surface and the second main surface, and second main surface includes more A structure, the maximum inscribed triangle in the cross section of each structure have the first face and the second face, first face and Leave the peak that first main surface extends to triangle, the length of the length in first face and second face in second face Degree difference at least 10%；And

The second layer is deposited in the structure of the first layer and is made described in the second layer and the first layer Planform is consistent, and the second layer is configured to the sun light-redirecting made Ru She on the second layer.

Embodiment 52: a method of manufacture solar cell module, which comprises by multiple solar batteries It is arranged in pattern, wherein the photovoltaic active surface of photovoltaic cell is towards common direction；And

Flexible sun light redirecting films are located in the photovoltaic non-active region of the solar cell module, the film Include:

First layer, the first main surface and multiple structures that the first layer has for general planar, the first layer tool There are the first main surface and the second main surface, second main surface includes multiple structures, in the cross section of each structure Maximum inscribed triangle has the first face and the second face, and first face and second face are left first main surface and extended To the peak of the triangle, the length in first face differs at least 10% with the length in second face；And

The planform phase in the structure of the first layer and with the first layer is arranged in the second layer, the second layer Symbol, the second layer are configured to the sun light-redirecting made Ru She on the second layer；And

It is electrically connected the solar battery.

Embodiment 53: a method of solar cell module is installed at infield, which comprises

Solar cell module is provided, the solar cell module includes:

Multiple solar batteries；

The photovoltaic inactive area of the module is arranged in flexible sun light redirecting films, the flexibility sun light redirecting films Above domain, the film includes:

First layer, the first layer have the first main surface and the second main surface, and second main surface includes multiple non- Symmetrical structure, the maximum inscribed triangle in the cross section of each structure have the first face and the second face, first face The peak that first main surface extends to the triangle is left with second face, the length in first face is than described second The length in face is as short as few 10%；And

The second layer, the second layer setting are consistent over the structure and with the planform, the second layer construction At making incident sun light-redirecting on the second layer；

Backboard；And

Front side layer layer, the solar battery are arranged between the backboard and the front side layer layer；And

The solar cell module is mounted at infield make on the Northern Hemisphere described in sun light redirecting films First face generally facing south and make the first face substantially faces of the sun light redirecting films described in the Southern Hemisphere Northwards.

Embodiment 54: according to method described in embodiment 53, wherein installing the solar cell module includes inciting somebody to action The main shaft that the solar cell module is mounted so as to the structure is substantially right along the east-west direction of the infield It is quasi-.

A kind of embodiment 55: flexibility sun light redirecting films, comprising:

First layer, the first layer include the multiple micro-structures leaving the plane of the film and extending；

The second layer, the second layer are arranged in described micro- in the micro-structure of the first layer and with the first layer Planform is consistent, and the second layer is configured to the sun light-redirecting made Ru She on the second layer；And

Third layer, the third layer setting is square on the second layer, and the third layer includes heat-activatable adhesive.

Embodiment 56: according to flexible membrane described in embodiment 55, wherein the heat-activatable adhesive is ethylene-second Sour ethylene copolymer.

Embodiment 57: according to flexible membrane described in embodiment 55, wherein the heat-activatable adhesive is polyolefin tree Rouge.

Embodiment 58: according to flexible membrane described in embodiment 55, wherein the heat-activatable adhesive is polyethylene tree Rouge.

Embodiment 59: according to flexible membrane described in embodiment 55, wherein the heat-activatable adhesive is thermal activation heat Cure adhesive.

Embodiment 60: according to flexible membrane described in embodiment 59, wherein the thermal activation resinoid is silicon Rubber.

Embodiment 61: the flexible membrane according to any one of embodiment 55 to 60, wherein the thermal activation is viscous Mixture is partial cross-linked.

Embodiment 62: the flexible membrane according to any one of embodiment 55 to 60, wherein the thermal activation is viscous Mixture is fully crosslinked.

Embodiment 63: the flexible membrane according to any one of embodiment 55 to 62, wherein the third layer pair Sunlight is transparent.

Embodiment 64: the flexible membrane according to any one of embodiment 55 to 63, wherein the film have pair 77% reflectivity is greater than about for 380nm to the wavelength between 1100nm.

Embodiment 65: the flexible membrane according to any one of embodiment 55 to 64, wherein the third layer tool There is greater than about 8 gram/inchs of peel adhesion.

Embodiment 66: the flexible membrane according to any one of embodiment 55 to 65, wherein the third layer tool There is the resistance of greater than about 500 begohms under the application voltage of 100VDC.

Embodiment 67: the flexible membrane according to any one of embodiment 55 to 66, wherein the third layer packet Containing the functional polymer being blended with the heat-activatable adhesive.

Embodiment 68: according to flexible membrane described in embodiment 67, wherein the functional polymer is that maleic anhydride connects Branch polymer and the heat-activatable adhesive be polyethylene.

Embodiment 69: the flexible membrane according to any one of embodiment 55 to 68, wherein the thermal activation is viscous Mixture have in the case where 2.16kg weight under 190 degrees Celsius every 10 minutes in 0.1g to the melt flow index between 8g.

Embodiment 70: the flexible membrane according to any one of embodiment 55 to 69, wherein the third layer packet Include the material component for enhancing the peel adhesion of the heat-activatable adhesive.

Embodiment 71: the flexible membrane according to any one of embodiment 55 to 70, wherein the third layer packet Containing maleic anhydride grafted polymer.

Embodiment 72: the flexible membrane according to any one of embodiment 55 to 71, wherein the third layer packet Containing at least one light degradation stabilization additives.

Embodiment 73: the flexible membrane according to any one of embodiment 55 to 72, wherein the third layer packet Containing at least one ultra-violet absorber additive.

Embodiment 74: the flexible membrane according to any one of embodiment 55 to 73, wherein the third layer packet Composition containing hindered amine light stabilizer and ultra-violet absorber.

Embodiment 75: the flexible membrane according to any one of embodiment 55 to 74, wherein the third layer packet The maleic anhydride grafted polymer of polyvinyl resin, content about 19% containing content about 80% and one or more of contents are about 1% light degradation stabilization additives.

Embodiment 76: the flexible membrane according to any one of embodiment 55 to 75, wherein the third layer is Multilayered structure.

Embodiment 77: according to flexible membrane described in embodiment 76, wherein the third layer includes:

First sublayer, the first sublayer setting are square on the second layer；And

Second sublayer, second sublayer are arranged above first sublayer, and include the heat-activatable adhesive.

Embodiment 78: according to flexible membrane described in embodiment 77, wherein first sublayer is oxide skin(coating).

Embodiment 79: according to flexible membrane described in embodiment 77, wherein the volume resistivity of first sublayer is big In the volume resistivity of second sublayer.

Embodiment 80: according to flexible membrane described in embodiment 79, wherein the volume resistivity ratio of first sublayer The volume resistivity of second sublayer greatly at least 10%.

Embodiment 81: according to flexible membrane described in embodiment 77, wherein the thickness of first sublayer is less than described The thickness of second sublayer.

Embodiment 82: according to flexible membrane described in embodiment 81, wherein the thickness of second sublayer is described 100 times or more of the thickness of one sublayer.

Embodiment 83: according to flexible membrane described in embodiment 77, wherein the refractive index of first sublayer be less than or Equal to the refractive index of second sublayer.

Embodiment 84: according to flexible membrane described in embodiment 83, wherein the refractive index of first sublayer with it is described Within the refractive index 10% of second sublayer.

Embodiment 85: the flexible membrane according to any one of embodiment 55 to 84, wherein the micro-structure exists Perpendicular to the film plane and in the cross section that intercepts it is triangular in shape, and each triangle micro-structure includes the first face and the The plane that the film is left in two faces, first face and second face extends to elongated peak.

Embodiment 86: according to flexible membrane described in embodiment 85, wherein the length in first face and described second The length in face is identical.

Embodiment 87: according to flexible membrane described in embodiment 85, wherein the length in first face is different from described The length in the second face.

Embodiment 88: the flexible membrane according to any one of embodiment 55 to 87, wherein the flexible membrane tool Have the longitudinal axis of the length direction laying along the film, and wherein, the elongated peak of the micro-structure along with the longitudinal direction The substantially parallel peak axis setting of axis.

Embodiment 89: the flexible membrane according to any one of embodiment 55 to 87, wherein the flexible membrane tool There is the longitudinal axis of the length direction laying along the film, and wherein, the elongated peak of the micro-structure is arranged along peak axis, The peak axis forms oblique angle relative to the longitudinal axis.

Embodiment 90: the flexible membrane according to any one of embodiment 55 to 89, wherein the first layer is Monoblock type.

Embodiment 91: the flexible membrane according to any one of embodiment 55 to 89, wherein first layer is multilayer Structure.

Embodiment 92: the flexible membrane according to any one of embodiment 55 to 91, wherein the first layer packet Containing polycarbonate.

Embodiment 93: the flexible membrane according to any one of embodiment 55 to 92, wherein the first layer packet Containing polyethylene terephthalate (PET).

Embodiment 94: the flexible membrane according to any one of embodiment 55 to 93, wherein the first layer packet It includes:

First sublayer, first sublayer have the first main surface and the second opposite main surface；And

Second sublayer, second sublayer are arranged in second main surface of first sublayer, and including institute State micro-structure.

Embodiment 95: according to flexible membrane described in embodiment 94, wherein first sublayer includes poly- terephthaldehyde Sour glycol ester (PET).

Embodiment 96: the flexible membrane according to any one of embodiment 94 to 95, wherein first sublayer Include the material different from second sublayer.

Embodiment 97: the flexible membrane according to any one of embodiment 55 to 96, wherein the film has Overall thickness between 25.4 μm to 203.2 μm.

A kind of embodiment 98: flexibility sun light redirecting films, comprising:

First layer, the first layer include multiple structures, and the multiple structure leaves the flat of the sun light redirecting films Face and extend；

The structure in the structure of the first layer and with the first layer is arranged in the second layer, the second layer Shape is consistent, and the second layer is configured to the sun light-redirecting made Ru She on the second layer；And

Third layer, side, the third layer are poly- comprising what is be at least partly crosslinked on the second layer for the third layer setting Close object.

A kind of embodiment 99: flexibility sun light redirecting films, comprising:

Third layer, the third layer include oxide and the oxide setting side on the second layer, and described the Three layers are consistent with the second layer shape.

Embodiment 100: according to film described in embodiment 99, wherein oxide skin(coating) has about 20nm to about 100nm's Thickness.

A kind of embodiment 101: photovoltaic module, comprising:

Front side layer layer, the front side layer layer are transparent to sunlight；

Backboard；And

Multiple solar batteries, the multiple solar battery are arranged between the front side layer layer and the back plate；

Flexible sun light redirecting films, the flexibility sun light redirecting films are arranged in the multiple solar battery and institute It states between backboard, the film includes:

First layer, the first layer include the multiple micro-structures leaving the plane of the film and extending；And

The material including heat-activatable adhesive being set up directly on the second layer.

Embodiment 102: according to module described in embodiment 101, wherein sun light redirecting films are arranged in the back On plate.

Embodiment 103: according to module described in embodiment 102, wherein in the light redirecting films and the backboard Between be provided with sealant.

Embodiment 104: the module according to any one of embodiment 101 to 103, wherein the solar energy Resistance between battery and the sun light redirecting films is greater than about 500 begohms.

A kind of embodiment 105: photovoltaic module, comprising:

Backboard；And

The second layer, the second layer be arranged in above the micro-structure of the first layer and with described in the first layer Microstructure aspects are consistent, and the second layer is configured to the sun light-redirecting made Ru She on the second layer；And

Third layer, the third layer includes heat-activatable adhesive and heat-activatable adhesive is arranged on the second layer Side；

Sealant material, the sealant material are arranged between the front side layer layer and the backboard, the sealant material Material is different from the heat-activatable adhesive of the third layer.

Embodiment 106: according to module described in embodiment 105, wherein the solar battery and the sunlight Resistance between redirecting films is greater than about 500 begohms.

A kind of embodiment 107: photovoltaic module, comprising:

Backboard；And

Third layer, the third layer includes oxide and oxide setting is square on the second layer；

Sealant material, the sealant material are arranged between the front side layer layer and the backboard.

Embodiment 108: according to module described in embodiment 107, wherein the sun light redirecting films are arranged in institute It states on backboard.

Embodiment 109: the module according to any one of embodiment 107 to 108, wherein the third layer Include:

The first sublayer including the oxide；And

The second sublayer in first sublayer is set.

Embodiment 110: according to module described in embodiment 109, wherein the oxide is SiOx.

Embodiment 111: a method of manufacture sun light redirecting films, which comprises being formed includes multiple knots The first layer of structure；

The second layer is coated in the structure of the first layer, makes the structure of the second layer Yu the first layer Shape is consistent, and the second layer is configured to the sun light-redirecting made Ru She on the second layer；And

Third layer is arranged to be in contact with the second layer, the third layer includes heat-activatable adhesive.

Embodiment 112: further including being crosslinked the third layer at least partly according to method described in embodiment 111.

Embodiment 113: according to method described in embodiment 112, wherein making the third layer crosslinking includes that UV is handed over One of connection, heat cross-linking and electron beam crosslinking or more person.

A kind of embodiment 114: light redirecting films, comprising:

Substrate, the substrate include multiple micro-structures；

Reflecting layer, the reflecting layer are arranged above the micro-structure and are configured to make sun light-redirecting；And

Protective layer, the protective layer are arranged above the reflecting layer, and the protective layer is configured to provide electrical isolation and resistance to Kubo protects and includes heat-activatable adhesive.

Embodiment 115: according to film described in embodiment 114, wherein the protective layer to sunlight be it is transparent and And with the refractive index between about 1.35 to about 1.8.

Embodiment 116: the film according to any one of embodiment 114 to 115, wherein the protective layer packet Containing polyethylene, polypropylene, polyolefin, ethene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinyl butyral, ethylene tetrafluoroethylene, gather inclined two At least one of vinyl fluoride, polyurethane, poly- (methyl methacrylate) and polyimides.

Embodiment 117: the film according to any one of embodiment 114 to 116, wherein the protective layer exists 100VDC's applies the resistance having under voltage greater than 500 begohms.

Embodiment 118: the film according to any one of embodiment 114 to 117, wherein the thermal activation is viscous Mixture have in the case where 2.16kg under 190 degrees Celsius every 10 minutes 0.1g to it is between 10g, 0.1g to 20g it Between or in 0.1g to the melt flow index between 30g.

Embodiment 119: the film according to any one of embodiment 114 to 118, wherein the protective layer is Coating.

Embodiment 120: the film according to any one of embodiment 114 to 119, wherein the protective layer is Partial cross-linked.

Embodiment 121: the film according to any one of embodiment 114 to 119, wherein the protective layer is Fully crosslinked.

Embodiment 122: the film according to any one of embodiment 114 to 121, wherein the protective layer pair The adhesion strength in reflecting layer is greater than 0.5N/cm.

Embodiment 123: the film according to any one of embodiment 114 to 122, wherein the protective layer exists Be in size it is heat-staple, after being heated 30 minutes at 150 DEG C, shrinking percentage be lower than 2%.

Embodiment 124: the film according to any one of embodiment 114 to 123, wherein the protective layer With a thickness of from 10 μm to 200 μm.

Embodiment 125: the film according to any one of embodiment 114 to 124, wherein the protective layer packet Containing at least one light degradation stabilization additives.

Embodiment 126: according to film described in embodiment 125, wherein the light degradation stabilization additives include to be obstructed Amine light stabilizer.

Embodiment 127: the film according to any one of embodiment 114 to 126, wherein the protective layer packet Containing at least one ultra-violet absorber additive.

Embodiment 128: according to film described in embodiment 127, wherein the ultra-violet absorber additive includes Benzophenone type ultraviolet radiation adsorber.

Embodiment 129: the film according to any one of embodiment 114 to 128, wherein the substrate for Sunlight has transmittance, and the substrate has the flat of greater than about 80% in 380nm to the wavelength between 1100nm Equal transmissivity.

Embodiment 130: the film according to any one of embodiment 114 to 129, wherein the first layer packet Containing polyethylene terephthalate.

Embodiment 131: the film according to any one of embodiment 114 to 130, wherein the first layer packet Containing polycarbonate.

Embodiment 132: the film according to any one of embodiment 114 to 131, wherein the first layer tool Have at 10 μm to the thickness between 100 μm or 12 μm to 100 μm.

Embodiment 133: the film according to any one of embodiment 114 to 132, wherein each micro-structure tool There is the height between 1 μm to 25 μm.

Embodiment 134: the film according to any one of embodiment 114 to 133 further includes being arranged in substrate layer On adhesive phase.

Embodiment 135: according to film described in embodiment 134, wherein described adhesive layer has to 380nm extremely The average transmittance for being greater than 80% for wavelength between 1100nm.

Embodiment 136: the film according to any one of embodiment 134 to 135, wherein described adhesive layer Comprising polyethylene, polypropylene, polyolefin, ethene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinyl butyral, tetrafluoroethene polymer, It is hexafluoropropene and vinylidene fluoride, ethylene tetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyurethane, poly- (methyl methacrylate) and poly- At least one of acid imide.

Embodiment 137: the film according to any one of embodiment 134 to 136, wherein described adhesive layer It is heat-activatable adhesive.

Embodiment 138: the film according to any one of embodiment 134 to 136, wherein described adhesive layer It is contact adhesive.

Embodiment 139: the film according to any one of embodiment 134 to 138, wherein described adhesive layer It is partial cross-linked.

Embodiment 140: film described in any one of embodiment 134 to 138, wherein described adhesive layer has been It is crosslinked entirely.

The various modifications of each embodiment and replacement will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and should be understood that , the range of the disclosure is not limited to illustrated embodiment set forth herein.

Other aspects of the application are also described in the paragraph of following bands number.

1. a kind of flexibility sun light redirecting films, comprising:

The second layer, the second layer are arranged in the micro-structure of the first layer, and with described in the first layer Microstructure aspects are consistent, and the second layer is configured to make to be irradiated to the sun light-redirecting on the second layer；And

2. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 1, wherein the heat-activatable adhesive is ethene-vinyl acetate copolymer.

3. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 1, wherein the heat-activatable adhesive is polyolefin resin.

4. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 1, wherein the heat-activatable adhesive is polyvinyl resin.

5. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 1, wherein the heat-activatable adhesive is thermal activation resinoid.

6. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 4, wherein the thermal activation resinoid is silicon rubber.

7. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 1, wherein the heat-activatable adhesive is partial cross-linked.

8. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 1, wherein the heat-activatable adhesive is fully crosslinked.

9. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 1, wherein the third layer is transparent to sunlight.

10. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 1, wherein the film have in 380nm to the wavelength between 1100nm and The reflectivity of speech greater than about 77%.

11. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 1, wherein the third layer has greater than about 8 gram/inchs of peel adhesion Power.

12. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 1, wherein the third layer has big under the application voltage of 100V direct current In the resistance of about 500 begohms.

13. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 1, wherein the third layer includes being blended with the heat-activatable adhesive Functional polymer.

14. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 13, wherein the functional polymer is maleic anhydride grafted polymer, And the heat-activatable adhesive is polyethylene.

15. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 1, wherein the heat-activatable adhesive has in 2.16kg weight and takes the photograph 190 Every 10 minutes 0.1g are to the melt flow index between 8g under conditions of family name's degree.

16. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 1, wherein the third layer includes enhancing the stripping of the heat-activatable adhesive Material component from bonding force.

17. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 1, wherein the third layer includes maleic anhydride grafted polymer.

18. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 1, wherein the third layer includes at least one light degradation stabilization additives.

19. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 1, wherein the third layer includes that at least one ultra-violet absorber adds Add agent.

20. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 1, wherein the third layer includes hindered amine light stabilizer and ultraviolet radioactive The composition of absorbent.

21. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 1, wherein the third layer includes the polyvinyl resin of content about 80%, contains The maleic anhydride grafted polymer of amount about 19% and one or more of light degradation stabilization additives of content about 1%.

22. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 1, wherein the third layer is multilayered structure.

23. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 22, wherein the third layer includes:

First sublayer, the first sublayer setting are square on the second layer；And

Second sublayer, second sublayer are arranged above first sublayer, and including the heat-activatable adhesive.

24. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 23, wherein first sublayer is oxide skin(coating).

25. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 23, wherein the volume resistivity of first sublayer is greater than second son The volume resistivity of layer.

26. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 25, wherein the volume resistivity of first sublayer is than second sublayer Volume resistivity greatly at least 10%.

27. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 23, wherein the thickness of first sublayer is less than the thickness of second sublayer Degree.

28. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 27, wherein the thickness of second sublayer is the thickness of first sublayer 100 times or more.

29. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 23, wherein the refractive index of first sublayer is less than or equal to described second The refractive index of sublayer.

30. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 29, wherein the folding of the refractive index of first sublayer and second sublayer It penetrates within rate difference 10%.

31. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 1, wherein cross of the micro-structure in the plane interception perpendicular to the film It is triangular in shape in section, and the micro-structure of each triangle includes the first face and the second face, first face and described second The plane that the film is left in face extends to elongated peak.

32. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 31, wherein the length phase of the length in first face and second face Together.

33. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 31, wherein the length in first face is different from the length in second face Degree.

34. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 1, wherein there is the flexible membrane length direction along the film to lay Longitudinal axis, and wherein, the elongated peak of the micro-structure is arranged along the peak axis substantially parallel with the longitudinal axis.

35. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 1, wherein there is the flexible membrane length direction along the film to lay Longitudinal axis, and wherein, the elongated peak of the micro-structure is arranged along peak axis, and the peak axis is relative to the longitudinal axis Line bevel.

36. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 1, wherein the first layer is monoblock type.

37. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 1, wherein the first layer includes polycarbonate.

38. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 1, wherein the first layer includes polyethylene terephthalate (PET)。

39. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 1, wherein the first layer is multilayered structure.

40. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 1, wherein the first layer includes:

41. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 40, wherein first sublayer includes polyethylene terephthalate (PET)。

42. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 40, wherein first sublayer includes the material different from second sublayer Material.

43. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 1, wherein the film has the total thickness between 25.4 μm to 203.2 μm Degree.

44. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 1, wherein the heat-activatable adhesive has in 2.16kg weight and takes the photograph 190 Every 10 minutes 0.1g are to the melt flow index between 10g under conditions of family name's degree.

45. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 1, wherein the heat-activatable adhesive has in 2.16kg weight and takes the photograph 190 Every 10 minutes 0.1g are to the melt flow index between 20g under conditions of family name's degree.

46. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 1, wherein the heat-activatable adhesive has in 2.16kg weight and takes the photograph 190 Every 10 minutes 0.1g are to the melt flow index between 30g under conditions of family name's degree.

47. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 1, wherein the third layer is transparent to sunlight, and is had about The refractive index of 1.35 to about 1.8.

48. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 1, wherein the third layer includes polyethylene, polypropylene, polyolefin, second Alkene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinyl butyral, ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyurethane, poly- (first At least one of base methyl acrylate) and polyimides.

49. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 1, wherein the third layer has dimensional stability, adds at 150 DEG C For heat after 30 minutes, shrinking percentage is lower than 2%.

50. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 1, wherein the thickness of the third layer is at 10 μm to 200 μm.

51. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 1, wherein the first layer is transparent, the first layer tool to sunlight There is the mean transmissivity that 80% is greater than about in 380nm to the wavelength between 1100nm.

52. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 1, wherein the thickness of the first layer is between 10 μm to 100 μm.

53. according to flexible membrane described in paragraph 1, wherein the thickness of the micro-structure is between 1 μm to 25 μm.

54. a kind of flexibility sun light redirecting films, comprising:

First layer, the first layer include multiple structures, and the multiple structure leaves the flat of the sun light redirecting films Face extends；

The structure in the structure of the first layer and with the first layer is arranged in the second layer, the second layer Shape is consistent, and the second layer is configured to make to be irradiated to the sun light-redirecting on the second layer；And

Third layer, third layer setting side on the second layer, the third layer include at least partly be crosslinked it is poly- Close object.

55. a kind of flexibility sun light redirecting films, comprising:

Third layer, the third layer include setting square oxide on the second layer, the third layer and described the Two layers of shape are consistent.

56. according to film described in paragraph 55, wherein the layer of the oxide has the thickness of about 20nm to about 100nm.

57. a kind of photovoltaic module, comprising:

Backboard；

Multiple solar batteries, the multiple solar battery are arranged between the front side layer layer and the back plate；And

The second layer, the second layer are arranged in described micro- in the micro-structure of the first layer and with the first layer Planform is consistent, and the second layer is configured to make to be irradiated to the sun light-redirecting on the second layer；And

Material including the heat-activatable adhesive being set up directly on the second layer.

58. according to module described in paragraph 57, wherein the sun light redirecting films are arranged on the backboard.

59. according to module described in paragraph 58, wherein be provided with sealing between the light redirecting films and the backboard Agent.

60. according to module described in paragraph 57, wherein between the solar battery and the sun light redirecting films Resistance is greater than about 500 begohms.

61. a kind of photovoltaic module, comprising:

Backboard；

Third layer, the third layer include that heat-activatable adhesive square on the second layer is arranged；And

62. according to module described in paragraph 61, wherein between the solar battery and the sun light redirecting films Resistance is greater than about 500 begohms.

63. a kind of photovoltaic module, comprising:

Backboard；

Third layer, the third layer include that oxide square on the second layer is arranged；And

64. according to module described in paragraph 63, wherein the sun light redirecting films are arranged on the backboard.

65. according to module described in paragraph 63, wherein the third layer includes:

The first sublayer including the oxide；And

The second sublayer in first sublayer is set.

66. according to module described in paragraph 65, wherein the oxide is SiOx.

67. a kind of method for manufacturing sun light redirecting films, which comprises

Form the first layer including multiple structures；

The second layer is coated in the structure of the first layer, makes the structure of the second layer Yu the first layer Shape is consistent, and the second layer is made to be configured to make to be irradiated to the sun light-redirecting on the second layer；And

68. further including being crosslinked the third layer at least partly according to method described in paragraph 67.

69. according to method described in paragraph 68, wherein making the third layer crosslinking includes UV crosslinking, heat cross-linking and electronics One of beam crosslinking or more person.

70. a kind of light redirecting films, comprising:

Substrate, the substrate include multiple micro-structures；

Protective layer, the protective layer are arranged above the reflecting layer, and the protective layer is configured to provide electrical isolation and resistance to Kubo protects and including heat-activatable adhesive.

71. according to film described in paragraph 70, wherein the protective layer to sunlight be it is transparent and have about 1.35 to About 1.8 refractive index.

72. according to film described in paragraph 70, wherein the protective layer includes polyethylene, polypropylene, polyolefin, ethylene-second Sour ethylene copolymer, polyvinyl butyral, ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyurethane, poly- (methyl-prop At least one of e pioic acid methyl ester) and polyimides.

73. according to film described in paragraph 70, wherein the protective layer has to be greater than under the application voltage of 100V direct current The resistance of 500 begohms.

74. according to film described in paragraph 70, wherein the heat-activatable adhesive have 2.16kg weight and 190 it is Celsius Every 10 minutes 0.1g are to the melt flow index between 12g under conditions of degree.

75. according to film described in paragraph 70, wherein the protective layer is coating.

76. according to film described in paragraph 70, wherein the protective layer is partial cross-linked.

77. according to film described in paragraph 70, wherein the protective layer is fully crosslinked.

78. according to film described in paragraph 70, wherein the protective layer is greater than 0.5N/cm to the adhesion strength in reflecting layer.

79. according to film described in paragraph 70, wherein the protective layer has dimensional stability, heats 30 at 150 DEG C After minute, shrinking percentage is lower than 2%.

80. according to film described in paragraph 70, wherein the protective layer with a thickness of from 10 μm to 200 μm.

81. according to film described in paragraph 70, wherein the protective layer includes at least one light degradation stabilization additives.

82. according to film described in paragraph 81, wherein the light degradation stabilization additives include hindered amine light stabilizer.

83. according to film described in paragraph 70, wherein the protective layer includes at least one ultra-violet absorber addition Agent.

84. according to film described in paragraph 83, wherein the ultra-violet absorber additive includes benzophenone type ultraviolet Radiation adsorber.

85. according to film described in paragraph 70, wherein the substrate be to sunlight it is transparent, the substrate have to Greater than about 80% average transmittance for 380nm to the wavelength between 1100nm.

86. according to film described in paragraph 70, wherein the first layer includes polyethylene terephthalate.

87. according to film described in paragraph 70, wherein the first layer includes polycarbonate.

88. according to film described in paragraph 70, wherein the first layer has the thickness between 12 μm to 100 μm.

89. according to film described in paragraph 70, wherein each micro-structure has the height between 1 μm to 25 μm.

90. further including the adhesive phase being arranged on the layer of the substrate according to film described in paragraph 70.

91. according to film described in paragraph 90, wherein described adhesive layer has to 380nm to the wavelength between 1100nm For be greater than 80% average transmittance.

92. according to film described in paragraph 90, wherein described adhesive layer includes polyethylene, polypropylene, polyolefin, ethylene- Vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinyl butyral, the polymer of tetrafluoroethene, hexafluoropropene and vinylidene fluoride, ethyl tetra At least one of ethylene copolymer, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyurethane, poly- (methyl methacrylate) and polyimides.

93. according to film described in paragraph 90, wherein described adhesive layer is heat-activatable adhesive.

94. according to film described in paragraph 90, wherein described adhesive layer is contact adhesive.

95. according to film described in paragraph 90, wherein described adhesive layer is partial cross-linked.

96. according to film described in paragraph 90, wherein described adhesive layer is fully crosslinked.

97. a kind of flexibility sun light redirecting films, comprising:

Third layer, the third layer setting is square on the second layer, and the third layer is protective layer, the protective layer structure It causes to provide electrical isolation and durable protection.

98. according to film described in paragraph 97, wherein the protective layer is coating.

99. the film according to paragraph 97 or 98, wherein the protective layer is transparent to sunlight and has Refractive index between 1.35 to 1.8.

100. the film according to paragraph 97 or 98, wherein the protective layer includes polyethylene, polypropylene, polyolefin, second Alkene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinyl butyral, ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyurethane, poly- (first At least one of base methyl acrylate) and polyimides.

101. the film according to paragraph 97 or 98, wherein the film has in 380nm to the wavelength between 1100nm For greater than about 77% reflectivity.

102. the film according to paragraph 97 or 98, wherein the protective layer has greater than about 8 gram/inchs of removing viscous Attached power.

103. the film according to paragraph 97 or 98, wherein the protective layer has under the application voltage of 100V direct current The greater than about resistance of 500 begohms.

104. the film according to paragraph 97 or 98, wherein the protective layer includes the material group for enhancing peel adhesion Point.

105. the film according to paragraph 97 or 98, wherein the protective layer includes maleic anhydride grafted polymer.

106. the film according to paragraph 97 or 98, wherein the protective layer includes that addition is stablized at least one light degradation Agent.

107. the film according to paragraph 97 or 98, wherein the protective layer includes at least one ultra-violet absorber Additive.

108. the film according to paragraph 97 or 98, wherein the protective layer includes hindered amine light stabilizer and ultraviolet spoke Penetrate the composition of absorbent.

109. the film according to paragraph 97 or 98, wherein the protective layer include content about 80% polyvinyl resin, The maleic anhydride grafted polymer of content about 19% and one or more of light degradation stabilization additives of content about 1%.

110. the film according to paragraph 97 or 98, wherein the micro-structure is in the plane interception perpendicular to the film It is triangular in shape in cross section, and the micro-structure of each triangle includes the first face and the second face, first face and described the The plane that the film is left in two faces extends to elongated peak.

111. according to film described in paragraph 110, wherein the length in first face is identical as the length in second face.

112. according to film described in paragraph 110, wherein the length in first face is different from the length in second face.

113. the film according to paragraph 97 or 98, wherein it is vertical that there is the film length direction along the film to lay To axis, and wherein, the elongated peak of the micro-structure is arranged along the peak axis substantially parallel with the longitudinal axis.

114. the film according to paragraph 97 or 98, wherein it is vertical that there is the film length direction along the film to lay To axis, and wherein, the elongated peak of the micro-structure is arranged along peak axis, and the peak axis is relative to the longitudinal axis Bevel.

115. the film according to paragraph 97 or 98, wherein the first layer is monoblock type.

116. the film according to paragraph 97 or 98, wherein the first layer includes polycarbonate.

117. the film according to paragraph 97 or 98, wherein the first layer includes polyethylene terephthalate (PET)。

118. the film according to paragraph 97 or 98, wherein the first layer is multilayered structure.

119. the film according to paragraph 97 or 98, wherein the first layer includes:

Second sublayer, second sublayer are arranged in second main surface of first sublayer and including described Micro-structure.

120. according to film described in paragraph 119, wherein first sublayer includes polyethylene terephthalate (PET)。

121. according to film described in paragraph 119, wherein first sublayer includes the material different from second sublayer Material.

122. the film according to paragraph 97 or 98, wherein the film has the total thickness between 25.4 μm to 203.2 μm Degree.

123. the film according to paragraph 97 or 98, wherein the protective layer has dimensional stability, at 150 DEG C After heating 30 minutes, shrinking percentage is lower than 2%.

124. the film according to paragraph 97 or 98, wherein the thickness of the protective layer is at 10 μm to 200 μm.

125. the film according to paragraph 97 or 98, wherein the first layer is transparent, the first layer to sunlight With the mean transmissivity for being greater than about 80% in 380nm to the wavelength between 1100nm.

126. the film according to paragraph 97 or 98, wherein the thickness of the first layer is between 10 μm to 100 μm.

127. the film according to paragraph 97 or 98, wherein the thickness of the micro-structure is between 1 μm to 25 μm.

128. the film according to paragraph 97 or 98, wherein the side opposite with the second layer of the first layer is set It is equipped with additional bonds oxidant layer, for being attached at backboard.

129. according to film described in paragraph 128, wherein the additional bonds oxidant layer to sunlight be it is transparent and have pair 80% mean transmissivity is greater than about for 380nm to the wavelength between 1100nm.

130. according to film described in paragraph 128, wherein the additional bonds oxidant layer includes polyethylene, polypropylene, polyene Hydrocarbon, ethene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinyl butyral, ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyurethane, At least one of poly- (methyl methacrylate) and polyimides.

131. according to film described in paragraph 128, wherein the additional bonds oxidant layer is heat-activatable adhesive.

132. according to film described in paragraph 128, wherein the additional bonds oxidant layer is contact adhesive.

133. according to film described in paragraph 128, wherein the additional bonds oxidant layer is partial cross-linked.

134. according to film described in paragraph 128, wherein the additional bonds oxidant layer is all crosslinked.

135. a kind of photovoltaic module, including the flexible sun light-redirecting according to any one of paragraph 98 to 134 Film.

Claims

1. a kind of flexibility sun light redirecting films, comprising:

The second layer, the second layer are arranged in the micro-structure of the first layer, and micro- knot with the first layer Configuration shape is consistent, and the second layer is configured to make to be irradiated to the sun light-redirecting on the second layer；And

2. flexible membrane according to claim 1, wherein the heat-activatable adhesive is ethene-vinyl acetate copolymer.

3. flexible membrane according to claim 1, wherein the heat-activatable adhesive is polyolefin resin.

4. flexible membrane according to claim 1, wherein the heat-activatable adhesive is polyvinyl resin.

5. flexible membrane according to claim 1, wherein the heat-activatable adhesive is thermal activation resinoid.

6. flexible membrane according to claim 4, wherein the thermal activation resinoid is silicon rubber.

7. flexible membrane according to claim 1, wherein the heat-activatable adhesive is partial cross-linked.

8. flexible membrane according to claim 1, wherein the heat-activatable adhesive is fully crosslinked.

9. flexible membrane according to claim 1, wherein the third layer is transparent to sunlight.

10. flexible membrane according to claim 1, wherein the film have in 380nm to the wavelength between 1100nm and The reflectivity of speech greater than about 77%.

11. flexible membrane according to claim 1, wherein the third layer has greater than about 8 gram/inchs of peel adhesion Power.

12. flexible membrane according to claim 1, wherein the third layer has big under the application voltage of 100V direct current In the resistance of about 500 begohms.

13. flexible membrane according to claim 1, wherein the third layer includes being blended with the heat-activatable adhesive Functional polymer.

14. flexible membrane according to claim 13, wherein the functional polymer is maleic anhydride grafted polymer, And the heat-activatable adhesive is polyethylene.

15. flexible membrane according to claim 1, wherein the heat-activatable adhesive has in 2.16kg weight and takes the photograph 190 Every 10 minutes 0.1g are to the melt flow index between 8g under conditions of family name's degree.

16. flexible membrane according to claim 1, wherein the third layer includes enhancing the stripping of the heat-activatable adhesive Material component from bonding force.

17. flexible membrane according to claim 1, wherein the third layer includes maleic anhydride grafted polymer.

18. flexible membrane according to claim 1, wherein the third layer includes at least one light degradation stabilization additives.

19. flexible membrane according to claim 1, wherein the third layer includes that at least one ultra-violet absorber adds Add agent.

20. flexible membrane according to claim 1, wherein the third layer includes hindered amine light stabilizer and ultraviolet radioactive The composition of absorbent.

21. flexible membrane according to claim 1, wherein the third layer includes the polyvinyl resin of content about 80%, contains The maleic anhydride grafted polymer of amount about 19% and one or more of light degradation stabilization additives of content about 1%.

22. a kind of flexibility sun light redirecting films, comprising:

First layer, the first layer include multiple structures, and the plane that the multiple structure leaves the sun light redirecting films is prolonged It stretches；

The planform in the structure of the first layer and with the first layer is arranged in the second layer, the second layer It is consistent, the second layer is configured to make to be irradiated to the sun light-redirecting on the second layer；And

Third layer, the third layer setting is square on the second layer, and the third layer includes the polymer being at least partly crosslinked.

23. a kind of flexibility sun light redirecting films, comprising:

Third layer, the third layer include that oxide square on the second layer, the third layer and the second layer is arranged Shape is consistent.

24. a kind of photovoltaic module, comprising:

Backboard；

Flexible sun light redirecting films, the flexibility sun light redirecting films are arranged in the multiple solar battery and the back Between plate, the film includes:

The micro-structure in the micro-structure of the first layer and with the first layer is arranged in the second layer, the second layer Shape is consistent, and the second layer is configured to make to be irradiated to the sun light-redirecting on the second layer；And

25. a kind of photovoltaic module, comprising:

Backboard；

Sealant material, the sealant material are arranged between the front side layer layer and the backboard, and the sealant material is not It is same as the heat-activatable adhesive of the third layer.

26. a kind of photovoltaic module, comprising:

Backboard；

27. a kind of method for manufacturing sun light redirecting films, which comprises

Form the first layer including multiple structures；

The second layer is coated in the structure of the first layer, makes the planform of the second layer Yu the first layer It is consistent, and the second layer is made to be configured to make to be irradiated to the sun light-redirecting on the second layer；And

28. a kind of light redirecting films, comprising:

Substrate, the substrate include multiple micro-structures；

Protective layer, the protective layer are arranged above the reflecting layer, and the protective layer is configured to provide electrical isolation and resistance to Kubo It protects and including heat-activatable adhesive.

29. a kind of flexibility sun light redirecting films, comprising:

Third layer, the third layer setting is square on the second layer, and the third layer is protective layer, and the protective layer is configured to Electrical isolation and durable protection are provided.

30. a kind of photovoltaic module, including flexible sun light redirecting films according to claim 29.