CN110111987B - Transformer parameter obtaining method based on hydro-electric pulse yield increasing device - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000019476 oil-water mixture Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000808 amorphous metal alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a transformer parameter acquisition method based on a hydraulic-electric pulse yield increasing device, which comprises the steps of setting the inner diameter and the outer diameter of a magnetic core, the transformation ratio of a transformer, the primary side current effective value of the transformer, the winding current density, the maximum working flux density of the transformer and the maximum primary side volt-second number of the transformer according to the output voltage of a frequency converter, the type of the magnetic core, the working temperature of the transformer, the breakdown voltage of an oil-water mixture and the requirements of the hydraulic-electric pulse yield increasing device; initializing the number of magnetic cores; calculating the sectional areas of the wires of the primary winding and the secondary winding, the effective sectional area of the magnetic core, the number of turns of the primary winding and the number of turns of the secondary winding; calculating the window utilization coefficient, stopping calculation if the window utilization coefficient meets the design requirement, and otherwise, updating the number of the magnetic cores and repeating the steps; the invention comprehensively considers the volume size and the high temperature resistance characteristic of the transformer and is suitable for complex waveform voltage excitation factors, so that the transformer parameter design method based on the liquid electric pulse yield increasing device provided by the invention has higher applicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of transformers, and particularly relates to a transformer parameter obtaining method based on a liquid electric pulse yield increasing device.
Background
With the continuous deep exploitation of the oil field, the formation pressure is reduced, the permeability of the oil layer is reduced, and the deposition of insoluble salts in the oil well can block an oil seepage channel, so that the yield of the oil well is reduced, especially for a low-permeability oil field, the reduction of the oil yield is more serious, and even the production stop can be caused.
The liquid-electric pulse production-increasing technique is a new type blockage-removing production-increasing method which uses high-voltage pulse discharge to produce shock wave to act on oil layer, and it has the advantages of no secondary pollution, short well-occupying time and simple operation, etc., and can be increasingly extensively used in domestic and foreign oil fields.
The transformer is an essential part of the liquid-electric pulse yield increasing device and mainly plays a role in voltage transformation and energy transmission. The working environment under the oil well has the characteristics of high temperature, narrow space and long distance from the ground. The heat dissipation measures of the general transformer can keep the temperature at a lower level, so that the normal work of the transformer is ensured, and when the transformer works in a high-temperature environment, the magnetic characteristics of the magnetic core can be seriously influenced, so that the electric energy transmission performance of the transformer is changed, and the transformer is difficult to work reliably for a long time. Generally, the transformer has no limitation on shape and volume, so the volume is larger, but the space of the oil well is limited, and the limitation on the volume and the shape of the transformer is larger. Therefore, there is a need to design a miniaturized if transformer that can withstand high temperatures downhole. In consideration of the special working environment under an oil well, the traditional transformer design method is not applicable, so that the traditional design method needs to be improved to obtain a parameter design method of the underground medium-frequency transformer.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a transformer parameter acquisition method based on a liquid-electric pulse yield increasing device, and aims to solve the problem that the liquid-electric pulse yield increasing device cannot be suitable for blockage removal and yield increase of an oil layer because the existing transformer parameters are not acquired based on the requirements of small transformer size, high temperature resistance and large excitation voltage harmonic component.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a transformer parameter obtaining method based on a liquid electric pulse yield increasing device, which comprises the following steps:
(1) setting the maximum working flux density of the transformer and the current density of a winding according to the working temperature of the transformer and the type of the magnetic core; setting the diameter of the transformer, the volume parameter of the magnetic core and the primary side current effective value according to the oil well width and the requirements of the liquid-electric pulse yield increasing device; meanwhile, the maximum primary side voltage second of the transformer is calculated based on the voltage excitation of various harmonic waves of the transformer;
(2) calculating the number of turns of a primary winding, the sectional area of a lead of the primary winding, the number of turns of a secondary winding, the sectional area of a lead of the secondary winding and the window area of a magnetic core according to the maximum primary voltage second, the diameter of the transformer, the volume parameter of the magnetic core, the maximum working flux density, the transformation ratio of the transformer, the primary current effective value and the current density of the winding;
(3) calculating a window utilization coefficient according to the number of turns of the primary winding, the number of turns of the secondary winding, the sectional area of a lead of the primary winding, the sectional area of a lead of the secondary winding and the window area of the magnetic core;
(4) comparing the window utilization coefficient with a preset value, and finishing parameter design if the window utilization coefficient is smaller than the preset value; otherwise, executing the step (5);
(5) updating the number of turns of the primary winding and the number of turns of the secondary winding by setting the number n of the magnetic cores to be n + 1; returning to the step (3); where n is initially set to 1.
Preferably, the cross-sectional area of the wire of the primary winding is:
Ax1＝I1/j
wherein, I1Is the primary current effective value; j is the current density of the winding; a. thex1Is the cross-sectional area of the wire of the primary winding.
Preferably, the transformation ratio of the transformer is:
k＝u2/um
wherein k is the transformation ratio of the transformer; u. of2Breakdown voltage of oil-water mixture; u. ofmIs the maximum output voltage of the transformer.
Preferably, the cross-sectional area of the secondary winding wire is:
Ax2＝Ax1/k
wherein A isx2The sectional area of the secondary winding wire; a. thex1The cross section area of a wire of a primary winding; k is the transformation ratio of the transformer.
Preferably, the relationship between the well width and the transformer diameter is:
dt＜W/2
the volume parameters of the magnetic core comprise the inner diameter of the magnetic core, the outer diameter of the magnetic core and the height of the magnetic core; the relationship between the transformer diameter, the inner diameter of the magnetic core and the outer diameter of the magnetic core is as follows:
dt-do＞0.5di
wherein d istIs the diameter of the transformer; w is the oil well width; doIs the outer diameter of the magnetic core; diIs the inner diameter of the magnetic core.
Preferably, when the magnetic core is an annular magnetic core, the window area of the magnetic core is:
Aw＝πdi 2/4
wherein d isiIs the inner diameter of the magnetic core; a. thewIs the window area of the core.
Preferably, the number of primary winding turns of the transformer is:
N1＝λ1m/(BmS)
the number of turns of the secondary winding is as follows:
N2＝kN1
wherein N is1The number of turns of a primary winding of the transformer; n is a radical of2The number of turns of a secondary winding of the transformer; lambda [ alpha ]1mThe maximum primary side volt-second of the transformer; b ismThe maximum working magnetic density is obtained; s is the effective sectional area of the magnetic core; k is the transformation ratio of the transformer.
Preferably, the window utilization factor is:
Ku＝(N1Ax1+N2Ax2)/Aw
wherein, KuA window utilization factor; n is a radical of1The number of turns of a primary winding of the transformer; n is a radical of2The number of turns of a secondary winding of the transformer; a. thex2The sectional area of the secondary winding wire; a. thex1The cross section area of a wire of a primary winding; a. thewIs the window area of the core.
Preferably, the method for obtaining the maximum primary side voltage second of the transformer comprises the following steps:
(1) calculating the primary voltage second of the transformer in each period according to the output voltage of the frequency converter;
the primary side volt-second number of the transformer is as follows:
λ1＝∫u1dt
wherein u is1Is the output voltage of the frequency converter; lambda [ alpha ]1The voltage is the primary voltage second of the transformer;
(2) and screening the maximum primary side voltage second of the transformer in each period.
Through the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the transformer parameter design method provided by the invention fully considers the limitation of the underground space of the liquid-electric pulse production increasing device during working, and designs the height of the magnetic core, the diameter of the transformer and the effective value of the primary side current according to the requirements on the device, thereby greatly reducing the volume of the transformer; meanwhile, the temperature is generally higher during underground work, and the influence on the current density of a winding is larger, so that the parameter design is carried out from the current density, and the limitation of the underground space and the influence of the working temperature on the transformer are fully considered by the transformer parameter design method provided by the invention.
(2) In the liquid electric pulse production increasing device, the excitation voltage of the transformer is no longer sine wave and may be a complex waveform synthesized by a plurality of harmonic waves, so that the method for designing the parameters of the transformer is suitable for designing the parameters of the transformer under the excitation of the voltage with the complex waveform by adding the calculation of primary voltage seconds.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a configuration of a hydroelectric pulse stimulation tool provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a transformer structure;
fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a transformer parameter obtaining method provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the liquid-electric pulse stimulation device comprises a three-phase power supply, a frequency converter, a cable, a transformer, a rectifying loop, a charging capacitor, a switch and a discharging gap;
the output end of the three-phase power supply is connected with the input end of the frequency converter; the output end of the frequency converter is connected with a cable; the transformer regulates the voltage of a cable and a rectifying loop of the transformer through a primary winding and a secondary winding; a charging capacitor is applied to the voltage at the output end of the rectifying loop to charge the voltage; work byThe switch is closed, and the charging is used for discharging the discharging gap; wherein u is1Outputting voltage for the frequency converter; u. of2Breakdown voltage of oil-water mixture; as can be seen from fig. 1, the regulation of the voltage at the output and input terminals of the transformer in the electrohydraulic pulse stimulation device is an indispensable component.
The invention provides a transformer parameter design method based on a liquid-electric pulse stimulation device, which is characterized in that a transformer structure shown in figure 2 is usually adopted in the liquid-electric pulse stimulation device, wherein a magnetic core adopted by a transformer is an annular magnetic core, and for the transformer shown in figure 2, the factors of the size, the high-temperature resistance characteristic, the suitability for complex waveform voltage excitation and the like of the transformer are comprehensively considered.
As shown in fig. 3, the invention provides a transformer parameter acquisition method based on a hydro-electric pulse stimulation device, comprising:
(1) according to the output voltage u of the frequency converter1Calculating the maximum primary voltage-second number lambda of the transformer1m；
Setting the saturation magnetic density B of the magnetic core according to the type of the magnetic core and the working temperature of the transformersAnd maximum working flux density B of transformerm；
Setting the diameter d of the transformer according to the well width WtInner diameter d of magnetic coreiAnd the outer diameter d of the magnetic coreo；
According to the maximum output voltage u of the frequency convertermBreakdown voltage u of oil-water mixture2Calculating the transformation ratio k of the transformer;
setting primary side current effective value I according to the requirement of the liquid electric pulse yield increasing device1And the height h of the core;
calculating the current density j of the winding according to the temperature of the working environment of the transformer;
(2) according to the inner diameter d of the coreiAnd an outer diameter doThe number n of the magnetic cores and the height h of the magnetic cores are calculated, and the effective sectional area S of the magnetic cores and the window area A of the magnetic cores are calculatedw；
According to the effective value of the primary current I1And the current density j of the winding, and calculating the sectional area A of the wire of the primary windingx1；
(3) According to the maximum primary voltage-second number lambda1mMaximum working magnetic density BmAnd calculating the effective sectional area S of the magnetic core, and calculating the turn number N of the primary winding1；
(4) According to the transformation ratio k of the transformer and the number N of turns of the primary winding1And the cross-sectional area A of the primary winding wirex1Calculating the number of turns N of the secondary winding2And the sectional area A of the secondary winding wirex2；
(5) According to the number of turns N of the primary winding1Secondary winding turn number N2Primary winding wire sectional area Ax1The sectional area A of the secondary winding wirex2And the window area A of the magnetic corewCalculating a window utilization coefficient Ku；
(6) Comparing the window utilization coefficient with a preset value, and finishing parameter design if the window utilization coefficient is smaller than the preset value; otherwise, executing the steps (7) to (9);
(7) setting the number n of magnetic cores as n + 1;
(8) according to the inner diameter d of the coreiAnd an outer diameter doThe number N of magnetic cores, the transformation ratio k of the transformer and the number N of the primary winding turns1And number of turns N of secondary winding2；
(9) Repeating the step (4) until parameter design is completed;
where n is initially set to 1.
Preferably, in the step (1), the output voltage u is determined according to the output voltage u of the frequency converter1Calculating the maximum primary voltage-second number lambda of the transformer1mThe method comprises the following steps:
(1.1) according to the output voltage u of the frequency converter1Calculating the primary voltage-second number lambda of the transformer in each period1；
Primary side volt-second number lambda of the transformer1Comprises the following steps:
λ1＝∫u1dt
wherein u is1Is the voltage of the primary winding of the frequency converter; lambda [ alpha ]1The voltage is the primary voltage second of the transformer;
(1.2) screening the maximum primary side volt-second number lambda of the transformer in each period1m。
The magnetic core has saturated magnetic density BsAnd maximum working flux density B of transformermThe relationship of (1) is:
Bm≤0.5Bs
the width W of the oil well and the diameter d of the transformertThe relationship between them is:
dt＜W/2
diameter d of the transformertInner diameter d of magnetic coreiAnd the outer diameter d of the magnetic coreoThe relationship between them is:
dt-do＞0.5di
the transformation ratio k of the transformer is as follows:
k＝u2/um
wherein u is2Breakdown voltage of oil-water mixture; u. ofmThe maximum output voltage of the frequency converter;
in the step (2), the effective sectional area S of the magnetic core is:
S＝nh(do-di)/2
when the magnetic core is an annular magnetic core, the window area A of the magnetic corewComprises the following steps:
Aw＝πdi 2/4
wherein n is the number of magnetic cores; h is the height of the magnetic core; doIs the outer diameter of the magnetic core; diIs the inner diameter of the magnetic core; s is the effective sectional area of the magnetic core; a. thewIs the window area of the core.
The cross-sectional area A of the primary winding wirex1Comprises the following steps:
Ax1＝I1/j
in the step (3), the number of turns N of the primary winding of the transformer1Comprises the following steps:
N1＝λ1m/(BmS)
wherein N is1The number of turns of a primary winding of the transformer; lambda [ alpha ]1mThe maximum primary side volt-second of the transformer; b ismThe maximum working magnetic density is obtained; s is the effective sectional area of the magnetic core; a. thex1The cross section area of a wire of a primary winding; i is1Is the primary current effective value; j is the current density of the winding.
In the step (4), the number of turns N of the secondary winding is set2Comprises the following steps:
N2＝kN1
the sectional area A of the secondary winding wirex2Comprises the following steps:
Ax2＝Ax1/k
wherein N is1The number of turns of a primary winding of the transformer; n is a radical of2The number of turns of a secondary winding of the transformer; k is the transformation ratio of the transformer; a. thex1The cross section area of a wire of a primary winding; a. thex2The sectional area of the secondary winding wire.
In the step (5), the window utilization factor K isuComprises the following steps:
Ku＝(N1Ax1+N2Ax2)/Aw
wherein N is1The number of turns of a primary winding of the transformer; n is a radical of2The number of turns of a secondary winding of the transformer; a. thex2The sectional area of the secondary winding wire; a. thex1The cross section area of a wire of a primary winding; a. thewIs the window area of the core.
The following description is made with reference to examples, in this example, in step (1):
maximum primary side volt-second lambda of transformer1m0.054 Vs;
the working temperature of the transformer is set to 120 ℃, a magnetic core with Curie temperature far higher than the underground temperature needs to be selected, so that the magnetic core is an annular iron-based amorphous alloy magnetic core, and the saturation magnetic density of the magnetic core is Bs1.29T, the maximum working magnetic density B of the transformermIs 0.645T;
the width W of the oil well is 200mm, so the diameter d of the transformert82mm, inner diameter d of the magnetic corei36mm, outer diameter d of the magnetic coreoIs 51 mm;
maximum output voltage u of frequency converterm750V, breakdown voltage u of oil-water mixture230kV, so the transformation ratio k of the transformer is 40;
according to the requirements of liquid-electric pulse production-increasing equipmentCalculating effective value I of primary side current of transformer1Is maintained between 3A and 4A, therefore, the effective value of the primary side current I is obtained in the present embodiment1Is 4A; the height h of the magnetic core is 25 mm;
since the operating temperature of the transformer in this embodiment is set to 120 ℃, the current density of the winding is required to be less than 1.5A/mm2In this embodiment, the current density j of the winding is 1A/mm2；
Based on the design parameters given in this example 1, in step (2):
according to S ═ nh (d)o-di) N is 1, and the effective cross-sectional area S of the core is 187.5mm2；
According to Aw＝πdi 2(ii)/4, calculating the window area A of the magnetic corew＝1017.88mm2；
According to Ax1＝I1Calculating the wire sectional area A of the primary windingx1＝4mm2；
In step (3), according to N1＝λ1m/(BmS), calculating the number of turns N of the primary winding1＝447；
Further, obtaining the parameter result in the step (4):
according to N2＝kN1，Ax2＝Ax1K, obtaining the sectional area A of the secondary winding wirex2＝0.1mm2Number of turns of secondary winding N2＝17880；
Further, according to Ku＝(N1Ax1+N2Ax2)/AwObtaining the window utilization coefficient K in the step (5)u3.513; in this embodiment, the predetermined value is 0.25, and K is satisfiedu<0.25, it is clear that when n is 1, the calculated window utilization coefficient does not satisfy the condition; steps (7) to (9) need to be executed; finally, when N is 16, the number of turns of the primary winding is N128, secondary winding turns N21120, the window utilizes a factor Ku0.247, satisfies Ku<And 0.25, completing the parameter design of the transformer.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A transformer parameter obtaining method based on a liquid-electric pulse yield increasing device is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) setting the maximum working flux density of the transformer and the current density of a winding according to the working temperature of the transformer and the type of the magnetic core; setting the diameter of a transformer, the volume parameter of a magnetic core and the primary side current effective value according to the width of an oil well and the requirements of a liquid-electric pulse yield increasing device; meanwhile, the maximum primary side voltage second of the transformer is calculated based on the voltage excitation of various harmonic waves of the transformer;
(2) calculating the number of turns of a primary winding, the sectional area of a lead of the primary winding, the number of turns of a secondary winding, the sectional area of a lead of the secondary winding and the window area of a magnetic core according to the maximum primary voltage second, the diameter of the transformer, the volume parameter of the magnetic core, the maximum working flux density, the transformation ratio of the transformer, the primary current effective value and the current density of the winding;
(3) calculating a window utilization coefficient according to the number of turns of the primary winding, the number of turns of the secondary winding, the sectional area of a lead of the primary winding, the sectional area of a lead of the secondary winding and the window area of the magnetic core;
(4) comparing the window utilization coefficient with a preset value, and finishing parameter design if the window utilization coefficient is smaller than the preset value; otherwise, executing the step (5);
(5) updating the number of turns of the primary winding and the number of turns of the secondary winding by setting the number n of the magnetic cores to be n + 1; returning to the step (3); wherein, n is initially set to 1;
the relationship between the well width and the transformer diameter is:
dt＜W/2
the volume parameters of the magnetic core comprise the inner diameter of the magnetic core, the outer diameter of the magnetic core and the height of the magnetic core; the relationship between the transformer diameter, the inner diameter of the magnetic core and the outer diameter of the magnetic core is as follows:
dt-do＞0.5di
wherein d istIs the diameter of the transformer; w is the oil well width; doIs the outer diameter of the magnetic core; diIs the inner diameter of the magnetic core;
the method for acquiring the maximum primary side volt-second number of the transformer comprises the following steps:
(1) calculating the primary voltage second of the transformer in each period according to the output voltage of the frequency converter;
the primary side volt-second number of the transformer is as follows:
λ1＝∫u1dt
wherein u is1Is the output voltage of the frequency converter; lambda [ alpha ]1The voltage is the primary voltage second of the transformer;
(2) and screening the maximum primary side voltage second of the transformer in each period.
2. The transformer parameter acquisition method of claim 1, wherein the primary winding wire cross-sectional area is:
Ax1＝I1/j
the sectional area of the secondary winding wire is as follows:
Ax2＝Ax1/k
wherein A isx2The sectional area of the secondary winding wire; a. thex1The cross section area of a wire of a primary winding; k is the transformation ratio of the transformer; i is1Is the primary current effective value; j is the current density of the winding.
3. The transformer parameter acquisition method according to claim 1 or 2,
when the magnetic core is the annular magnetic core, the window area of magnetic core does:
Aw＝πdi 2/4
wherein d isiIs the inner diameter of the magnetic core; a. thewIs the window area of the core.
4. The transformer parameter acquisition method of claim 3, wherein the number of primary winding turns of the transformer is:
N1＝λ1m/(BmS)
the number of turns of the secondary winding is as follows:
N2＝kN1
wherein N is1The number of turns of a primary winding of the transformer; n is a radical of2The number of turns of a secondary winding of the transformer; lambda [ alpha ]1mThe maximum primary side volt-second of the transformer; b ismThe maximum working magnetic density is obtained; s is the effective sectional area of the magnetic core; k is the transformation ratio of the transformer.
5. The transformer parameter acquisition method of claim 4, wherein the window utilization factor is:
Ku＝(N1Ax1+N2Ax2)/Aw
wherein, KuA window utilization factor; n is a radical of1The number of turns of a primary winding of the transformer; n is a radical of2The number of turns of a secondary winding of the transformer; a. thex2The sectional area of the secondary winding wire; a. thex1The cross section area of a wire of a primary winding; a. thewIs the window area of the core.
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