CN110108706A - The plant line identification method of the small relic of rotted plant material in a kind of soil corpse - Google Patents
The plant line identification method of the small relic of rotted plant material in a kind of soil corpse Download PDFInfo
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- CN110108706A CN110108706A CN201910437407.3A CN201910437407A CN110108706A CN 110108706 A CN110108706 A CN 110108706A CN 201910437407 A CN201910437407 A CN 201910437407A CN 110108706 A CN110108706 A CN 110108706A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N2021/8466—Investigation of vegetal material, e.g. leaves, plants, fruits
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of plant line identification methods of the small relic of rotted plant material in soil corpse, the characteristics of relic small for forensic rotted plant material, in the small relic sample treatment process of rotted plant material, removal dirt is impregnated using clear water, reduces the damage in sample extraction process；Relic mesophyll cell is decomposed using sodium bicarbonate and sodium hypochlorite stoste processing, increases the plant line transparent effect of sample；Using FAA fixative, it can effectively save and plant not modification in line identification sample 10 years or more, the manufactured small relic of rotted plant material plants line and identifies that sample can accurately obtain plant line and identify information of solving a case, legal medical expert is improved to the identification result of the small relic of rotted plant material, effect of the invention is better than existing other plant identification method.
Description
Technical field
The invention discloses a kind of plant line identification methods of the small relic of rotted plant material in soil corpse, are related to a kind of criminal
The site inspection corpse of solving criminal cases and the especially small relic of soil rot plant plant line identification method, will especially small 2mm2
Vegetable debris be treated as translucent membranous body, thus realize plant line new Identification Method；Belong to forensic identification technology neck
Domain.
Technical background
In forensic medicine in appraisal of material evidence field, the plant apparent structure for studying plant sample plants line evaluation program, comprising: scene is surveyed
It looks into, cleaning, transparent, fixed, film-making, microscopy, the photomicrography etc. of line expert evidence are planted in vegetable debris acquisition.Due to corpse and
The small relic of rotted plant material is especially small in soil environment, can not carry out the film-making processing of any plant line identification, less can be carried out
Photomicrography evidence obtaining seriously limits the process that line identification is solved a case of planting.It is both that can not also carry out corpse using there is DNA identification method
The especially small relic test of the plant of body and soil rot, can not obtain the inspection result of DNA.
In the detection of Chinese medicine case, public security officer once utilized DNA molecular marker technology, reflected to Chinese medicine
It is fixed, but the technology has some limitations.Such as: ephedra sinicaEphedra sinicaStapf plant, in its complete stool only
There is a gene order, but its root, stem are different with the structure of leaf.Their pharmacodynamic feature is just absolutely not same, the root of ephedra sinica with
The drug effect of cauline leaf is opposite direction.The stem and leaf of ephedra sinica be for sweating, straw xanthorrhiza be for hidroschesis, due to
The structure of root, stem and leaf is entirely different, and medicinal characteristic and effect are also entirely different.If root and cauline leaf are abused, it will lead
It is lethal to die!Therefore, it is necessary to which line identification technology is planted in application, the plant line identification research traced to the source of original is carried out to Chinese medicine, understand and
Grasp the background science intension of plant.
Summary of the invention
The invention discloses a kind of plant line identification methods of the small relic of rotted plant material in soil corpse, pass through rotted plant material
Small relic trace material evidence is that criminal investigation is solved a case personnel searching clue to solve the case, reduces detection range, provides evidence of crime.For punishment
Thing solving criminal cases personnel provide the science being invisible to the naked eye and solve a case foundation.
The small relic of a kind of rotted plant material provided by the invention plants line identification method, comprising the following steps:
1) it by three pieces of the small relic of rotted plant material to be measured, is respectively put into clear water soaking and washing 1-2 hours；
2) the small relic of rotted plant material is taken out, 9% sodium bicarbonate is placed into and impregnates 1-2 hours, places into sodium hypochlorite stoste immersion
50-60 minutes, the mesophyll of rotted plant material is decomposed, the lower epidermis of rotted plant material is left and taken；
3) the small relic of the rotted plant material of step 2 is put into FAA fixative, fixes 24 hours；
4) the small relic lower epidermis of rotted plant material after fixation is placed on glass slide, covers slide and fixes mounting；
5) the small relic of the good rotted plant material of mounting is placed on the objective table of optical microscopy and carries out sediments microscope inspection；
6) by the photomicrographic device of optical microscopy, the small relic plant line identification of progress rotted plant material is aobvious with different multiples
Micro- photography；
7) the small relic of rotted plant material prepared by step 5), step 7) is fabricated to the identification map for planting line；
8) the plant line map of water plant sample is acquired as standard sample in the small relic sampling of rotted plant material；
9) the small relic of step 8) rotted plant material to be measured is fabricated to the step of identification map and step 9) for planting line plant line map
Identification is compared in standard sample.
The FAA fixative is by 6% glacial acetic acid: 6% formaldehyde: 88% 50 ° of ethyl alcohol are mixed.
Plant the apparent texture that line (Plant Print) is plant, unique, exclusiveness and can be with the section of repeated authentication
Characteristic is learned, while planting the stable structure of line, is not influenced by environment, pH, gastric acid etc., is the kind of plant as the fingerprint of people
Class identification provides scientific basis.
The present invention have built up vegetable debris plant line structure extraction, plant line identification, plant line sample long-term preservation method,
Soil rot vegetable debris plants the structure feature identification of line and its plants line qualification result analytical technique.The present invention, which makes, to plant
The plant line standard of perfection sample of quality testing material, establishes the both macro and micro of different regions difference unifacial leaf and dicotyledonous variety classes plant
Line map is planted, to identify that the otherness of plant line feature of variety classes plant provides theoretical foundation, to utilize case-involving site environment
In plant carry out region infer provide theory support.
By micro-imaging, the plant line sticked on corpse clothing is extracted, identification is compared with standard sample, it is determined that planted
Species are fern.To for criminal investigation solve a case personnel searching clue to solve the case, reduce detection range and confirmation crime provide
Scientific basis.It plants line and identifies technical research of solving a case, the identification mainly classified according to phytological doors, classes, orders, families, genera and species
Principle, the apparent structure for carrying out plant plant line identification, and the establishing identity that test result is used to track down crime fact works it
In, there is most important theories research significance and practical application value.
The positive effect of the present invention is:
The characteristics of relic small for forensic rotted plant material, uses in the small relic sample treatment process of rotted plant material
Clear water impregnates removal dirt, reduces the damage in sample extraction process；Use sodium bicarbonate and sodium hypochlorite stoste processing point
Relic mesophyll cell is solved, the plant line transparent effect of sample is increased；Using FAA fixative, it can effectively save and plant line identification sample
Not modification in 10 years or more, the manufactured small relic of rotted plant material plant line and identify that sample can accurately obtain plant line and identify letter of solving a case
Breath improves legal medical expert to the identification result of the small relic of rotted plant material, and effect of the invention is better than existing other plant identification side
Method.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the small relic microscope figure of rotted plant material in certain the case soil of embodiment 1 (has a large amount of in plant line qualification figure
The structure of spherical shape)；
Fig. 2 is that the small relic microscope figure of rotted plant material that certain the case corpse jacket of embodiment 1 sticks (has big in plant line qualification figure
Measure the structure of spherical shape)；
Fig. 3 is that the small relic microscope figure of rotted plant material that certain the case corpse trousers of embodiment 1 stick (has big in plant line qualification figure
Measure the structure of spherical shape)；
Fig. 4 is embodiment 1 on rotted plant material small relic sampling ground, acquires water plant sample, has made plant line qualification figure
Spectrum, as line standard of perfection sample is planted, planting line to identify spherical shape structure is epidermal hair basal cell, and epidermis radial wall inlays G type；
Fig. 5 is that the small relic microscope figure of rotted plant material in certain the case soil of embodiment 2 (has a large amount of ripples in plant line qualification figure
Shape structure)；
Fig. 6 is that the small relic microscope figure of rotted plant material that certain the case corpse jacket of embodiment 2 sticks (has big in plant line qualification figure
Measure wave structure)；
Fig. 7 is embodiment 2, and (plant has in line qualification figure the small relic microscope figure of rotted plant material that certain case corpse trousers sticks
A large amount of wave structures)；
Fig. 8 is embodiment 2 on rotted plant material small relic sampling ground, herborization sample, plants line identification map as standard sample,
Identifying to plant in line has a large amount of wave structures to be: epidermal cell radial wall inlays D type structure.
Fig. 9 is that the small relic of rotted plant material in certain the case soil of embodiment 3 (has big ripple shape knot in plant line qualification figure
Structure)；
Figure 10 is that the small relic microscope figure of rotted plant material that certain the case corpse jacket of embodiment 3 sticks (has in plant line qualification figure
Big ripple shape structure)；
Figure 11 is that the small relic microscope figure of rotted plant material that certain the case corpse trousers of embodiment 3 stick (has in plant line qualification figure
Big ripple shape structure)；
Figure 12 is embodiment 3 on rotted plant material small relic sampling ground, and herborization sample is planted line identification map and is used as and plants line mirror
Determine standard sample, by planting line identification, planting in line figure has big ripple shape structure to be: epidermis radial wall inlays the structure of F type.
Specific embodiment.
To facilitate the understanding of the present invention, especially exemplified by following embodiment.Its act on be understood to be to explaination of the invention and
The non-limitation to any pattern of the invention.
FAA fixative described in following embodiment is by 6% glacial acetic acid: 6% formaldehyde: 88% 50 ° of ethyl alcohol are mixed.
Embodiment 1
1) by three pieces of the small relic of rotted plant material (corpse) in certain XX case soil, it is respectively put into soaking and washing 1-2 in clear water
Hour；
2) the small relic of rotted plant material is taken out, 9% sodium bicarbonate is placed into and impregnates 60-70 minutes, places into sodium hypochlorite stoste leaching
Bubble 50-60 minutes, decomposes the mesophyll of rotted plant material, leaves and takes the lower epidermis of rotted plant material；
3) the small relic of the rotted plant material of step 2 is put into FAA fixative, fixes 24 hours；
4) the small relic lower epidermis of rotted plant material after fixation is placed on glass slide, covers slide and fixes mounting；
5) the small relic of the good rotted plant material of mounting is placed on the objective table of optical microscopy and carries out sediments microscope inspection；
6) by the photomicrographic device of optical microscopy, the small relic plant line identification of progress rotted plant material is aobvious with different multiples
Micro- photography；
7) the small relic of rotted plant material prepared by step 5), step 7) is fabricated to and plants line map (referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3)；
8) the plant line map of water plant sample is acquired in rotted plant material small relic sampling as standard sample (referring to plant line
Standard specimen Fig. 4)；
9) the small relic of step 8) rotted plant material to be measured is fabricated to the step standard plant line figure for planting line identification map and step 9)
Identification is compared in spectrum.
By the identification of plant line from outward appearance to inner essence, illustrate plant line epidermis spherical shape structure be epidermal hair base cells it is disconnected
Soil, corpse jacket and the trousers of the trace left after splitting, standard sample and spot stick the spherical shape structure for planting line, completely
Unanimously, cell wall is inlayed also identical, is all G type structure.Therefore, the plant that the soil of spot, corpse jacket and trousers stick
Object relic and plant No. 4 material of line standard of perfection sample are same plants, it may be assumed that Chinese scholartree Ye PingSalvinia natans(L.) All.
Line identification map is planted by comparing, sample is illustrated and plants line qualification figure with belonging to same crime.
Conclusion: identify that map illustrates sample with belonging to same crime by comparing plant line.
Embodiment 2
1) it by three pieces of small relic of rotted plant material to be measured (corpse), is respectively put into clear water soaking and washing 1-2 hours；
2) the small relic of rotted plant material is taken out, 9% sodium bicarbonate is placed into and impregnates 60-70 minutes, places into sodium hypochlorite stoste leaching
Bubble 50-60 minutes, decomposes the mesophyll of rotted plant material, leaves and takes the lower epidermis of rotted plant material；
3) the small relic of the rotted plant material of step 2 is put into FAA fixative, fixes 24 hours；
4) the small relic lower epidermis of rotted plant material after fixation is placed on glass slide, covers slide and fixes mounting；
5) the small relic of the good rotted plant material of mounting is placed on the objective table of optical microscopy and carries out sediments microscope inspection；
6) by the photomicrographic device of optical microscopy, the small relic plant line identification of progress rotted plant material is aobvious with different multiples
Micro- photography；
7) the small relic of rotted plant material prepared by step 5), step 7) is fabricated to plant line identification map (referring to Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and
Fig. 7)；；
8) on rotted plant material small relic sampling ground, herborization sample, the map of plant line identification is as standard sample (referring to plant line
Standard specimen Fig. 8)；；
9) the small relic of step 8) rotted plant material to be measured is fabricated to the step of planting line identification map and step 9) plant line identification and marks
Identification is compared in quasi- master drawing spectrum.
By plant line identification from outward appearance to inner essence, by identification, illustrating to plant in line has a large amount of wave structures to be: epidermis is thin
Born of the same parents' radial wall inlays D type structure, and soil, corpse jacket and the trousers of standard sample and spot stick the structure for planting line, completely
Unanimously, it is all D type structure that cell wall, which is inlayed identical,.Therefore, the plant that the soil of spot, corpse jacket and trousers stick is residual
Piece and No. 4 sample of standard sample for planting line identification are same plants, it may be assumed that arrowrootMaranta arundinaceaL.Pass through ratio
Map is identified to line is planted, and illustrates sample with belonging to same crime.
Conclusion: line identification map is planted by comparing, illustrates sample with belonging to same crime.
Embodiment 3
1) it by small three pieces of the relic () of rotted plant material in certain XX case soil, is respectively put into clear water soaking and washing 1-2 hours；
2) the small relic of rotted plant material is taken out, 9% sodium bicarbonate is placed into and impregnates 60-70 minutes, places into sodium hypochlorite stoste leaching
Bubble 50-60 minutes, decomposes the mesophyll of rotted plant material, leaves and takes the lower epidermis of rotted plant material；
3) the small relic of the rotted plant material of step 2 is put into FAA fixative, fixes 24 hours；
4) the small relic lower epidermis of rotted plant material after fixation is placed on glass slide, covers slide and fixes mounting；
5) the small relic of the good rotted plant material of mounting is placed on the objective table of optical microscopy and carries out sediments microscope inspection；
6) by the photomicrographic device of optical microscopy, the small relic plant line identification of progress rotted plant material is aobvious with different multiples
Micro- photography；
7) the small relic of rotted plant material prepared by step 5), step 7) is fabricated to and plants line identification map (referring to Fig. 9, Tu10He
Figure 11)；
8) on rotted plant material small relic sampling ground, the plant sample of acquisition plants line identification map as standard sample (referring to plant line
The standard sample of identification, Figure 12)；
9) what the small relic of step 8) rotted plant material to be measured was fabricated to plants the step standard sample plant of line identification map and step 9)
Identification is compared in line map.
By plant line identification from outward appearance to inner essence, illustrating to plant in line figure has big ripple shape structure to be: epidermis radial wall inlays F
Soil, corpse jacket and the trousers of type, plant line standard of perfection sample and spot, which stick to plant in line qualification figure, big ripple shape knot
Structure, completely the same, it is all F type structure that cell wall, which is inlayed also identical,.Therefore, the soil of spot, corpse jacket and trousers are glutinous
Attached vegetable debris and No. 4 material of standard sample is same plant, it may be assumed that Roripa montanaDraba nemorosa L.It is planted by comparing
Line identifies map, illustrates sample with belonging to same crime.
Conclusion: line identification map is planted by comparing, illustrates sample with belonging to same crime.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of small relic of rotted plant material plants line identification method, comprising the following steps:
1) it by three pieces of the small relic of rotted plant material to be measured, is respectively put into clear water soaking and washing 1-2 hours；
2) the small relic of rotted plant material is taken out, 9% sodium bicarbonate is placed into and impregnates 1-2 hours, places into sodium hypochlorite stoste immersion
50-60 minutes, the mesophyll of rotted plant material is decomposed, the lower epidermis of rotted plant material is left and taken；
3) the small relic of the rotted plant material of step 2 is put into FAA fixative, fixes 24 hours；
4) the small relic lower epidermis of rotted plant material after fixation is placed on glass slide, covers slide and fixes mounting；
5) the small relic of the good rotted plant material of mounting is placed on the objective table of optical microscopy and carries out sediments microscope inspection；
6) by the photomicrographic device of optical microscopy, the small relic plant line identification of progress rotted plant material is aobvious with different multiples
Micro- photography；
7) the small relic of rotted plant material prepared by step 5), step 7) is fabricated to the identification map for planting line；
8) the plant line map of water plant sample is acquired as standard sample in the small relic sampling of rotted plant material；
9) the small relic of step 8) rotted plant material to be measured is fabricated to the step of identification map and step 9) for planting line plant line map
Identification is compared in standard sample.
2. a kind of small relic of rotted plant material as described in claim 1 plants line identification method, it is characterised in that:
The FAA fixative is by 6% glacial acetic acid: 6% formaldehyde: 88% 50 ° of ethyl alcohol are mixed.
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