CN110108310A - Interference type optical fiber sensor high-frequency phase generates carrier wave loading device - Google Patents

Interference type optical fiber sensor high-frequency phase generates carrier wave loading device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110108310A
CN110108310A CN201910227177.8A CN201910227177A CN110108310A CN 110108310 A CN110108310 A CN 110108310A CN 201910227177 A CN201910227177 A CN 201910227177A CN 110108310 A CN110108310 A CN 110108310A
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China
Prior art keywords
phase
modulator
optical fiber
carrier wave
faraday rotation
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CN201910227177.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
汪樟海
高晓文
刘瑞
张红
张雅
郭斐斐
李东明
葛辉良
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715th Research Institute of CSIC
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715th Research Institute of CSIC
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01DMEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/26Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G01D5/32Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
    • G01D5/34Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
    • G01D5/353Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
    • G01D5/35306Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using an interferometer arrangement
    • G01D5/35322Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using an interferometer arrangement using interferometer with one loop with several directions of circulation of the light, e.g. Sagnac interferometer
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01HMEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
    • G01H9/00Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
    • G01H9/004Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means using fibre optic sensors

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Optical Modulation, Optical Deflection, Nonlinear Optics, Optical Demodulation, Optical Logic Elements (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of interference type optical fiber sensor high-frequency phases to generate carrier wave loading device, it mainly include 50/50 fiber coupler, phase-modulator etc., 50/50 fiber coupler is connected with device input port and device output port, optical path is divided into interferometer two-arm by 50/50 fiber coupler 1, one arm is phase-modulator and first faraday rotation mirror, another arm is optical attenuator, delay optical fiber and second faraday rotation mirror, phase-modulator driving output voltage signal is loaded onto phase-modulator, generates carrier wave to generate the high-frequency phase of specific amplitude.The present invention realizes interference type optical fiber sensor high-frequency phase using general single mode fiber device and generates the stable load of carrier wave, while ensure that interferometer both arms power equalization, eliminates interference and polarizes weak effect;Increase interference type optical fiber sensor demodulated signal bandwidth and dynamic range.

Description

Interference type optical fiber sensor high-frequency phase generates carrier wave loading device
Technical field
The present invention relates to the fields of Fibre Optical Sensor, and in particular to a kind of interference type optical fiber sensor high-frequency phase generation carrier wave Loading device.
Background technique
Phase generated carrier (PGC) demodulation scheme has the characteristics such as Larger Dynamic range and high linearity, is Fibre Optical Sensor neck The more common signal demodulation scheme in domain.When interference type optical fiber sensor is demodulated using phase generated carrier scheme, need The high-frequency phase outside a demodulated signal bandwidth is loaded between the two-arm of interferometer generates carrier signal, and demodulated signal band Wide and dynamic range is by phase generated carrier frequency limit.In order to increase interference type optical fiber sensor demodulated signal bandwidth and Dynamic range needs to improve phase generated carrier frequency.
Phase generated carrier is generally by realizing the phase-modulator load-modulate voltage signal on one arm of interferometer.Most Common phase-modulator by piezoelectric ceramics (PZT) ring wind optical fiber realize (CN108180978, CN104777556A,CN201550128U).When modulation voltage is loaded onto PZT ring, the electrostriction effect of PZT causes to wind The length and variations in refractive index of optical fiber, cause the optical phase variation of transmission signal in optical fiber, to introduce phase needed for demodulation Position generates carrier signal.Resonance response frequency and the ring diameter of PZT ring are inversely proportional, and typical frequency constant is 100kHz.cm, i.e., The resonance response frequency about 50kHz of the PZT ring of diameter 2cm, therefore when PZT ring is as phase-modulator, modulating frequency is by ring ruler Very little to be limited in tens kHz magnitudes, the phase generated carrier frequency load of higher frequency will face frequency response decline or winding light The problems such as fine transmission loss increases.
Integrated optic phase modulator can effectively overcome the problems, such as the frequency response of PZT ring phase-modulator, and have low drive Dynamic voltage, small size, easily and the features such as fiber coupling, can be used for loading high-frequency phase and generate carrier wave high bandwidth.Lithium columbate crystal It is single axial birefringence crystal, there is good electro-optical characteristic, is suitable for making integrated optical phase modulator.When driving electric field and light When field is parallel to extraordinary axis, phase modulation efficiency highest, electro-optic coefficient γ33=31 × 10-12M/V, at this time TM mould light field Modulation efficiency be about the 1/3 of TE mould, corresponding electro-optic coefficient be γ13=9 × 10-12m/V.Common lithium niobate waveguides production There are two types of techniques, respectively titanium diffusion technique and proton exchange process.Titanium diffusion technique heats the crystal for being deposited with titanium film To 1000 DEG C or so high temperature and continue several hours, titanium is flooded in substrate, increases local refractive index, form a single mode Waveguide.Proton exchange process replaces the lithium ion in crystal by hydrogen ion (proton), also results in lower extraordinary folding Rate increase is penetrated, the higher ordinary index of refraction reduces, therefore its waveguide generated is only applicable to the z polarization mode parallel with extraordinary axis Formula has very high extinction ratio to cross polarization, and the direction x is cut at this time, and the waveguide that the direction y is propagated is with very strong modulation Number.Due to the presence of single polarization effect, this lithium niobate phase modulator using proton exchange process is as interferometer optical fiber When sensor high-frequency phase generates carrier equipment, only TE mould input light can be modulated effectively, and TM mould light field is largely spread out It is incident upon in substrate and can not be coupled in optical fiber pigtail, it is therefore desirable to which stabilization is just able to achieve using polarized light source combination polarization-maintaining optical path Effective interferometer phase generates carrier wave load.
Patent CN106500741A proposes a kind of phase generated carrier demodulation device using lithium niobate phase modulator, but Scheme faces following problems: (1) unless using all risk insurance folk prescription case and proton exchange process lithium niobate phase modulator, otherwise this Scheme not can guarantee the light power stabilising and phase generated carrier amplitude stabilization of lithium niobate phase modulator output, but all risk insurance folk prescription Case will significantly improve light path system complexity;(2) since the inherent loss of lithium niobate phase modulator and fiber coupling are lost, There are biggish optical power disequilibriums for the interferometer both arms of this scheme, interfere contrast for significantly reducing, reduce Fibre Optical Sensor Device demodulation result signal-to-noise ratio.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, and provide a kind of interference type optical fiber sensor high frequency Phase generated carrier loading device.
The object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: this interference type optical fiber sensor high-frequency phase is raw It mainly include 50/50 fiber coupler, phase-modulator, first faraday rotation mirror, optical attenuation at carrier wave loading device Device, delay optical fiber, second faraday rotation mirror, phase-modulator driving, device input port, device output port, 50/50 Fiber coupler is connected with device input port and device output port, and optical path is divided into interferometer two by 50/50 fiber coupler Arm, an arm are phase-modulator and first faraday rotation mirror, and another arm is optical attenuator, delay optical fiber and second farad Revolving mirror, phase-modulator driving output voltage signal is loaded onto phase-modulator, to generate the high-frequency phase of specific amplitude Generate carrier wave;The optical attenuator attenuation is adjusted to, first Faraday rotation equal with interferometer both arms optical power Mirror and second faraday rotation mirror will be inputted after polarization state is rotated by 90 ° and be emitted.
The phase-modulator uses titanium diffusion technique lithium niobate phase modulator.
50/50 fiber coupler is 2 × 2 fiber couplers.
The delay fiber lengths are set according to interferometer arm difference demand.
50/50 fiber coupler, phase-modulator, first faraday rotation mirror, optical attenuator, delay optical fiber, The optical fibre devices such as second faraday rotation mirror are all made of general single mode fiber.
The invention has the benefit that the present invention realizes interference type optical fiber sensor height using general single mode fiber device Frequency phase generated carrier stablizes load, while ensure that interferometer both arms power equalization, eliminates interference and polarizes weak effect; Increase interference type optical fiber sensor demodulated signal bandwidth and dynamic range;Applied to conformal sonar (double super) and torpedo shell side cooler Project is successfully loaded with frequency > 100kHz phase as the phase modulated carrier signal loading device of fibre optic hydrophone PGC demodulation Modulate carrier wave.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is structural principle block diagram of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the time-domain detection result figure of input optical signal output optical signal after the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the frequency-domain analysis result figure of input optical signal output optical signal after the present invention.
Description of symbols: 50/50 fiber coupler 1, phase-modulator 2, first faraday rotation mirrors 3, optical attenuation Device 4, delay 5, second faraday rotation mirrors 6 of optical fiber, phase-modulator drive 7, device input port 8, device output port 9。
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, the present invention will be described in detail:
Embodiment: as shown in the picture, this interference type optical fiber sensor high-frequency phase generates carrier wave loading device, main to wrap Include 50/50 fiber coupler 1,2, first faraday rotation mirrors 3 of phase-modulator, optical attenuator 4, delay optical fiber 5, second Faraday rotation mirror 6, phase-modulator driving 7, device input port 8,9,50/50 fiber coupler 1 of device output port are 2 × 2 fiber couplers.50/50 fiber coupler 1 is connected with 9,50/50 optical fiber coupling of device input port 8 and device output port Optical path is divided into interferometer two-arm by clutch 1, and an arm is phase-modulator 2 and first faraday rotation mirror 3, phase-modulator 2 Using titanium diffusion technique lithium niobate phase modulator.Another arm is optical attenuator 4, delay optical fiber 5 and second Faraday rotation Mirror 6,4 attenuation of optical attenuator are adjusted to equal with interferometer both arms optical power.Postpone 5 length of optical fiber according to interferometer arm difference need Ask setting.Phase-modulator drives 7 output voltage signals to be loaded onto phase-modulator 2, to generate the high-frequency phase of specific amplitude Generate carrier wave.First faraday rotation mirror 3 and second faraday rotation mirror 6 will be inputted after polarization state is rotated by 90 ° and be emitted. 50/50 fiber coupler 1,2, first faraday rotation mirrors 3 of phase-modulator, optical attenuator 4, delay 5, second methods of optical fiber The optical fibre devices such as revolving mirror 6 are drawn to be all made of general single mode fiber.
The principle of the invention: in order to reduce optical path complexity, the present invention is modulated using the lithium niobate phase of titanium diffusion technique Device 2 loads phase generated carrier.The polarization of lithium niobate phase modulator 2 energy the simultaneous transmission TE mould and TM mould of titanium diffusion technique Light, TE mold in the waveguide that the direction y is propagated is cut in the direction x very strong Electro-optical Modulation performance, but the point light modulation of TM mould at this time Performance is only the 1/3 of TE mould.In order to ensure the stability of phase-modulation, the present invention is by the lithium niobate phase tune of this titanium diffusion technique Device 2 processed is placed in the Michelson's interferometer optical path comprising faraday rotation mirror, and optical signal is by phase-modulator 2 by round-trip two Secondary phase-modulation.The faraday rotation mirror of 2 one end of phase-modulator connection will be by the polarization of the optical signal of a phase-modulation State is rotated by 90 ° the road Bing Anyuan and reflects back, and the optical signal of former TE mould modulation is modulated again with the return of TM mould.Assuming that TE mould is modulated Half-wave voltage be Vπe, the half-wave voltage of TM mould modulation is Vπm, when lithium niobate phase modulator loads VmThe single-frequency of amplitude is modulated When voltage signal, phase-modulation amplitude of the random polarization state input light after this phase-modulator are as follows:
Equivalent phase-modulation half-wave voltage are as follows:
Effectively stable phase-modulation is realized to any input polarization.The optically-active function of faraday rotation mirror is same When ensure that the consistency of optic interferometric sensor instrument two-arm output polarization state, eliminate interference and polarize weak effect.
Thus this phase generated carrier loading device does not need to carry out Polarization Control using polarization-maintaining optical path and polarized light source, entirely Optical path uses general single mode fiber.
Since lithium niobate phase modulator 2 is there are intrinsic optical path loss, unidirectional optical path loss is needed in 3dB or more Optical attenuator 4 is added in the other end of Michelson's interferometer, interferometer two-way power-balance is guaranteed with this.Interferometer is another Arm further includes one section of delay optical fiber 5, can need to adjust the arm length difference of phase generated carrier load interferometer according to system.
The driving bandwidth of lithium niobate phase modulator 2 is determined by the residual capacitance of modulator electrode.For the niobium of parallel pole Sour lithium phase-modulator 2, effective bandwidth when 50 Ohmic resistance in parallel can easily reach hundred order of megahertz, fully meet dry The frequency bandwidth requirements of interferometric fibre optical sensor phase generated carrier load.
The course of work of the present invention: optical signal is from device input port 8 (input port of 50/50 fiber coupler 1) Input, is divided into the two ways of optical signals of constant power.Wherein lithium niobate phase modulator 2 He of the optical signal Jing Guo titanium diffusion technique all the way First faraday rotation mirror 3 returns, and another way optical signal is by optical attenuator 4, delay optical fiber 5 and second Faraday rotation Mirror 6 returns.After the two ways of optical signals of return is again by 50/50 fiber coupler 1, from (50/50 optical fiber of device output port 9 Another input port of coupler 1) outgoing.When phase modulation driver 7 generates the modulation voltage of required frequency, device is defeated The phase generated carrier phase of frequency produced by being contained in 9 output optical signal of exit port.The attenuation of optical attenuator 4 is adjusted, The two ways of optical signals for returning to first faraday rotation mirror 3 and second faraday rotation mirror 6 enters 50/50 fiber coupler Optical power when 1 is equal.The optically-active angle of first faraday rotation mirror 3 and second faraday rotation mirror 6 is 90 °.Prolong The length of slow optical fiber 5 can be set according to system requirements, and the equivalent arm length difference of interferometer is 5m after certain sets.
Phase generated carrier load compliance test result result of the invention is as follows: narrow linewidth laser output light is defeated from device Inbound port 8 inputs, and the line width of narrow linewidth laser is less than 5kHz.It is that phase-modulator driving 7 loads certain amplitude shown in attached drawing 2 When 128kHz sinusoidal voltage modulated signal, the optical power that 9 emergent light of device output port exports after photodetector detects is believed Number time-domain signal, abscissa is the time, and unit s, ordinate is voltage, unit V.Used photodetector is Newfocus1811 type photodetector, output voltage when unglazed input are 0V.PCI9846 plate is passed through in photodetector output Stick into digitized sampling, sample frequency 40MHz.From attached drawing 2 as it can be seen that being applied due to spreading lithium niobate phase modulator 2 by titanium High-frequency phase has been added to generate carrier wave, 9 Output optical power of device output port shows as the interference light of visibility fine (almost 1) Signal.From the point of view of time-domain signal, after this device is loaded with high-frequency phase generation carrier wave, there is no the weak phenomenons of polarization, and due to Interference visibility decline problem caused by both arms optical power is adapted to may be not present in interferometer both arms light power equalization.Attached drawing 3 is attached The frequency-domain analysis of time-domain signal is as a result, abscissa is frequency in Fig. 2, and unit kHz, ordinate is amplitude, unit dBV.From figure One frequency multiplication of visible signal is 128kHz, consistent with phase-modulation driving voltage frequency, illustrates that this device is successfully loaded with The phase generated carrier signal of 128kHz.
It is understood that it will be understood by those skilled in the art that being subject to technical solution of the present invention and inventive concept It all should fall within the scope of protection of the appended claims of the present invention with replacement or change.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of interference type optical fiber sensor high-frequency phase generates carrier wave loading device, it is characterised in that: mainly include 50/50 light Fine coupler (1), phase-modulator (2), first faraday rotation mirror (3), optical attenuator (4), delay optical fiber (5), second A faraday rotation mirror (6), phase-modulator driving (7), device input port (8) and device output port (9), 50/50 light Fine coupler (1) is connected with device input port (8) and device output port (9), and 50/50 fiber coupler (1) divides optical path At interferometer two-arm, an arm is phase-modulator (2) and first faraday rotation mirror (3), another arm be optical attenuator (4), Postpone optical fiber (5) and second faraday rotation mirror (6), phase-modulator driving (7) output voltage signal is loaded onto phase tune Device (2) processed generates carrier wave to generate the high-frequency phase of specific amplitude;Optical attenuator (4) attenuation is adjusted to and interferometer Both arms optical power is equal, and first faraday rotation mirror (3) and second faraday rotation mirror (6) will input polarization state It is emitted after being rotated by 90 °.
2. interference type optical fiber sensor high-frequency phase according to claim 1 generates carrier wave loading device, it is characterised in that: The phase-modulator (2) uses titanium diffusion technique lithium niobate phase modulator.
3. interference type optical fiber sensor high-frequency phase according to claim 1 generates carrier wave loading device, it is characterised in that: 50/50 fiber coupler (1) is 2 × 2 fiber couplers.
4. interference type optical fiber sensor high-frequency phase according to claim 1 generates carrier wave loading device, it is characterised in that: Delay optical fiber (5) length is set according to interferometer arm difference demand.
5. interference type optical fiber sensor high-frequency phase according to claim 1 generates carrier wave loading device, it is characterised in that: 50/50 fiber coupler (1), phase-modulator (2), first faraday rotation mirror (3), optical attenuator (4), delay light The optical fibre device of fine (5) and second faraday rotation mirror (6) is all made of general single mode fiber.
CN201910227177.8A 2019-03-25 2019-03-25 Interference type optical fiber sensor high-frequency phase generates carrier wave loading device Pending CN110108310A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110726468A (en) * 2019-11-13 2020-01-24 北京航空航天大学 Distributed optical fiber acoustic wave sensing system based on straight waveguide phase modulator

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CN103674219A (en) * 2013-12-20 2014-03-26 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一五研究所 Fiber grating based interference type three-dimensional vector hydrophone
CN105757463A (en) * 2016-05-04 2016-07-13 中国计量大学 Optical fiber pipeline detection device based on 2*2 coupler and double Faraday rotator mirrors
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US9912413B1 (en) * 2016-08-26 2018-03-06 International Business Machines Corporation Electro-optic phase modulator with no residual amplitude modulation
CN107942541A (en) * 2017-11-16 2018-04-20 无锡路通视信网络股份有限公司 A kind of Drive And Its Driving Method of lithium niobate modulator
CN109099943A (en) * 2018-09-21 2018-12-28 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 Self-calibration and self-compensation type white light path matching differential interference phase demodulation system and method thereof
CN109347558A (en) * 2018-08-30 2019-02-15 中国船舶重工集团公司第七〇五研究所 A kind of large-scale optical fiber hydrophone array light transmitter/receiver system

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CN103674219A (en) * 2013-12-20 2014-03-26 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一五研究所 Fiber grating based interference type three-dimensional vector hydrophone
CN105757463A (en) * 2016-05-04 2016-07-13 中国计量大学 Optical fiber pipeline detection device based on 2*2 coupler and double Faraday rotator mirrors
US9912413B1 (en) * 2016-08-26 2018-03-06 International Business Machines Corporation Electro-optic phase modulator with no residual amplitude modulation
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CN109099943A (en) * 2018-09-21 2018-12-28 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 Self-calibration and self-compensation type white light path matching differential interference phase demodulation system and method thereof

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110726468A (en) * 2019-11-13 2020-01-24 北京航空航天大学 Distributed optical fiber acoustic wave sensing system based on straight waveguide phase modulator
CN110726468B (en) * 2019-11-13 2021-06-15 北京航空航天大学 Distributed optical fiber acoustic wave sensing system based on straight waveguide phase modulator

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Application publication date: 20190809